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    Allport Personality Theory

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    Malik Mustafa
    Allport personality theory defines personality as the unique characteristics and qualities that define an individual. According to Allport, personality is composed of both mind and body functioning together as a unit. He identified two types of traits - individual traits that are unique to a person and common traits that are shared among people. Allport also described three types of personal dispositions - cardinal, central, and secondary traits - that represent true personality and subtle differences between individuals. He studied personality using both idiographic and nomothetic methods as well as a blended morphogenic approach.

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    Allport Personality Theory

    Uploaded by

    Malik Mustafa
    51 views3 pages
    Allport personality theory defines personality as the unique characteristics and qualities that define an individual. According to Allport, personality is composed of both mind and body functioning together as a unit. He identified two types of traits - individual traits that are unique to a person and common traits that are shared among people. Allport also described three types of personal dispositions - cardinal, central, and secondary traits - that represent true personality and subtle differences between individuals. He studied personality using both idiographic and nomothetic methods as well as a blended morphogenic approach.

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    Allport personality theory defines personality as the unique characteristics and qualities that define an individual. According to Allport, personality is composed of both mind and body functioning together as a unit. He identified two types of traits - individual traits that are unique to a person and common traits that are shared among people. Allport also described three types of personal dispositions - cardinal, central, and secondary traits - that represent true personality and subtle differences between individuals. He studied personality using both idiographic and nomothetic methods as well as a blended morphogenic approach.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    51 views3 pages

    Allport Personality Theory

    Uploaded by

    Malik Mustafa
    Allport personality theory defines personality as the unique characteristics and qualities that define an individual. According to Allport, personality is composed of both mind and body functioning together as a unit. He identified two types of traits - individual traits that are unique to a person and common traits that are shared among people. Allport also described three types of personal dispositions - cardinal, central, and secondary traits - that represent true personality and subtle differences between individuals. He studied personality using both idiographic and nomothetic methods as well as a blended morphogenic approach.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Allport personality theory

     What is personality:
     The combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual's
    distinctive character.
     It is the combination of behavior, emotion, motivation, and thought patterns that define
    an individual.
     The Nature of Personality:
     According to Allport although personality is constantly changing and growing, the growth is
    organized not random.
     Personality is composed of mind and body functioning together as a unit.
     Everything we think and do is characteristic, or typical of us. Thus, each person is unique.
     Two distinct Personalities:
     Biological urges drive infant behavior.
     Adult functioning is psychological in nature.
     Trait & it’s types:
    A trait is what we call a characteristic way in which an individual perceives, feels, believes,
    or acts. According to Allport there are two types of traits.

     Individual Traits: Unique to a person and define his or her character.

     Common Traits: Shared by number of people.

     Theorists generally assume:

     Traits are relatively stable.

     Traits differ among individuals.

     Traits are bipolar.

     Traits influence behaviour.

     Five-Factor Model of Personality:


    The five-factor theory emerged to describe the essential traits that serve as the building blocks of
    personality. These five factors are known as the Big Five Personality Traits or as OCEAN.
    1. Openness.
    2. Conscientiousness.
    3. Extraversion.
    4. Agreeableness.
    5. Neuroticism.

     Personal Dispositions:
    Personal dispositions represent the true personality, are unique to the person, and represent
    subtle differences among persons. Three types of dispositions exist:
     Cardinal Traits.

     Central Traits.

     Secondary Traits.

     Cardinal Traits:

    These traits that dominate on individual’s entire personality.

    Cardinal traits are thought to be quite rare but strongly deterministic of behavior .
     Central Traits:

    Common traits that make up our personalities. Traits like kindness, honesty, friendliness
    are the examples of central traits. Present to varying degrees in all people, influence but
    do not determine an individual’s behavior.

     Secondary Traits:

    Also present in all individuals and can influence behaviour but these traits are only present
    under certain conditions and circumstances.

    •Example: Getting nervous before delivering a speech.

     Approaches used by Allport in studying personality:


    Allport used two approaches in studying personality.
     Idiograph Method.
     Nomothenic Method.
     Morphogenic Approach.
    Cont..

    1. Idiographic method is the intensive study of a special case. It emphasizes the uniqueness of
    the individual.

    2.Nomothenic method is the study of a group of individuals and analyze them.

    3.Allport attempted to blend nomothetic and idiographic perspectives and called as


    Morphogenic approach.

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