MODULE 1 ACTIVITY - Tomnub
MODULE 1 ACTIVITY - Tomnub
MODULE 1 ACTIVITY - Tomnub
MM 3-1
Part of the action of the state as enabler is to establish the legal and regulatory
framework, as well as the political order, within which firms and organizations can plan
and act. It motivates citizens to take action by relieving them of the fear of military
retaliation when they criticize policies or serve marginalized groups. It can reassure
private firms that policies are fair and not influenced by political officials' whims or
private interests.
The state facilitates as a resource provider by providing resources to assist markets and
communities. Information, technical expertise, research and development programs,
physical infrastructure, and grant-in-aid or incentive schemes are examples of such
resources. The State/Public Sector, the Business Sector, and Civil Society
The actions of local government, as a part of the state, plays an important role in the
national government's efforts to implement its programs and projects. Local
governments are the primary actors in governance and development.
In local governance, civil society plays an important role in providing a forum for the
public to air grievances, complaints, concerns, issues, and problems. It specifically gives
voice to the "inarticulate and unarticulated." It also plays a political role in the
community by acting as a check and balance on the power of the state or local
government and the behavior of the business sector. It is regarded as a holder of
fundamental human rights. Most importantly, it can be used as an alternative delivery
mechanism for frontline services.
Some civil society organizations are primarily engaged in criticizing existing policies and
advocating what they consider to be more appropriate policies for the benefit of the
country. Authoritarian regimes that impede citizens' access to policy-making can force
some groups to sneak underground and work to overthrow the regime itself. But even
the most democratic states are not short of critics who encourage a change of power
and drastic policy changes. NGOs can also compete with government-specific
implementation systems by demonstrating that the alternative mechanisms they
advocate can be implemented in the field, beyond opposition and debate.
Other civil society organizations may extend the government’s delivery system by
mobilizing people to prove themselves eligible to receive government social services, or
providing their own services in areas unreached by the public bureaucracy. The
government may complement NGOs in turn by providing the needed scaling up and
referral system for their relatively smaller programs.