IEC 61850 - Introduction

Advanced Power System Management

ABB Switzerland Ltd

© ABB Switzerland Ltd - 1
2004-03-22

ABB
IEC61850 Agenda

„ IEC61850 in the general context

„ Technical Approach
„ Engineering Concept
„ Benefits
„ Device Portfolio
2004-03-22
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ABB
IEC61850 Trends in Substation Automation
SA with interbay &
SA conventional SA with interbay bus Location
process bus
MMI / control board
Gateway MMI Gateway MMI Operating
ABB Network Partner AG COM581
ABB Network Partner AG COM581

C
Room
E C
E

event recording
protection Copper
cables

SCADA- distribution, metering

serial communication Relay Room

serial communication

to other bays to other bays

Copper cables and / or

GIS GIS GIS

Switch Yard

Copper cables Copper cables Sensors &

Bay cubicle Bay cubicle Bay cubicle actuators
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ABB
IEC61850 “Today’s” Substation Automation
Device and Functional Structure (Example) Functions Allocation
Network Control
Remote Communication
Center NCC
HMI
ƒ Station Level Advanced Functions
ABB Network Partner AG COM581
Monitoring
Supervision & Control
C
E

ABB 225kV LIGNE ABOBO 1 =D04+R01

125VDC Distributuion Battery A 125VDC Distributuion Battery B

ABB Network Partner REL316*4

ABB

1 9
2 10
3 11
4 12
5 13

Interbay bus
6 14
7 15
8 16

BAY CONTROL RELAY REC316*4

-Q1
SEL

-Q0
SEL
=D04 ABOBO 1

-Q2
SEL
=W1

=W2

LAMPE
TESTE
ABB
POWER MONITORING UNIT

Protection
Bay
OUVRIR FERMER

DISTANCE
ESC EXE

ABB LOC

LOCAL CONTROL METERING

Control
ABB Network Partner REL316*4
ABB

1 9
2 10
3 11
4 12
5 13
6 14
7 15
8 16

LINE PROTECTION RELAY REL316*4

ABB ABB Network Partner REB500

cubicle(s)
ƒ Bay Level BUSBAR PROTECTION REB500
Data Acquisition

GIS or AIS Switchgear

Instrument
-Q2
ƒ Process Level Transformers
Power Transformers
-Q0 -Q9 -Q8 Surge Arresters
-Q1
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ABB
IEC61850 Distributed Functionality
„ The following functions are implemented
at the bay level for each bay individually
ƒ Station Level
„ Synchrocheck per bay
„ Interlocking
„ Disturbance recorder
ABB 225kV LIGNE ABOBO 1 =D04+R01

„ Select before operate

125VDC Distributuion Battery A 125VDC Distributuion Battery B

ABB Network Partner REL316*4

ABB

1 9
2 10
3 11
4 12
5 13
6 14
7 15

„
8 16

BAY CONTROL RELAY REC316*4

-Q1
SEL

-Q0
SEL
=D04 ABOBO 1

-Q2
SEL
=W1

=W2

LAMPE
TESTE
ABB
POWER MONITORING UNIT
Runtime supervision
Interbay bus
OUVRIR FERMER

DISTANCE
ESC EXE
ABB LOC

LOCAL CONTROL METERING

„ Time tagging
ABB Network Partner REL316*4
ABB

1 9
2 10
3 11
4 12
5 13
6 14
7 15
8 16

LINE PROTECTION RELAY REL316*4

ABB ABB Network Partner REB500

BUSBAR PROTECTION REB500

Bay „ Event buffer

cubicle(s)
Protection

„ When station level is lost the following functions are still available
„ Control, supervision, data acquisition, event buffering at the bay level
„ Time synchronization and interlocking
„ Protection
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Distribution of functionality means Communication ! ABB

IEC61850 Communication in SA today (1)

Common protocols for interbay bus systems

„ IEC 60870-5-103
„ Standard for the informative information exchange for protection devices in SA
„ Limited standardized data (numbered sequence) mainly for line protection
„ Mainly incompatible private extensions instead of generic part used
„ Low speed master-slave protocol (9.6 – 19.2 kBit/s)

„ IEC 60870-5-101, DNP3

„ Low speed master-slave protocol (1.2 kBit/s or more)
„ No object model but numbered sequence of data points only
„ Developed for NCC-RTU connections

„ IEC 60870-5-104, DNP3 over LAN

„ Network and transport layer added for use in network
„ Increased speed (64 kBit/s or more)
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ABB
„ Peer-to-peer communication not supported at least by DNP3
„ No object model and engineering approach support
IEC61850 Communication in SA today (2)

Common protocols
„ UCA 2.0
„ Ethernet based protocol
„ Support of peer-to-peer communication
„ High speed 10…100 Mbit/s
„ First Object Model for SA but very dedicated regarding data and attributes
„ Modeling approach not flexible enough for global needs
„ No sampled values supported
„ No engineering support like SCL in IEC 61850

„ LON
„ Ethernet based protocol but dedicated version of Echelon
„ Support of peer-to-peer communication
„ Powerful but proprietary use for SA by ABB
„ Average speed (1.25 Mbit/s)
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ABB
IEC61850 Evolution in SA Communication

NEXT STEP

???
2004-03-22

The IEC61850 in SA is a comprehensive and integral solution for

© ABB - 8

the entire SA domain covering all communication aspects needed on

all levels and including engineering and maintenance support. ABB
IEC61850 What about UCA®International ?
„ UCA = Utility Communication Architecture
„ The UCA2.0 standard is frozen on the level of
a technical report is frozen and will not further
supported
„ The UCA users group was transformed into
UCA®International User Group
IEC 61850 (SA)
„ The UCA®International is a joint user’s group
both for utilities and suppliers
„ UCA®International is not dealing with UCA2.0
but focusing on the promotion of the three IEC IEC 61970 (CIM)
standards
„ IEC 61850 (SA)
„ CIM (IEC 61970) IEC 60870-6 (TASE.2)
„ TASE.2. (IEC 60870-6)
„ The main focus for the time being
is IEC 61850
„ The UCA®International will be present
at the CIGRE 2004 exhibition in Paris
2004-03-22
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ABB
IEC61850 Next Step in SA Design & Communication

Based on Experience
from the past
The best of many existing
protocols used
A big step beyond the
past and existing protocols
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ABB
IEC61850 The Standard - more than just a protocol
Finalized (IS) Introduction and overview Part 1

Glossary Part 2
Product Management
Project Management General requirements Part 3

System and Project management Part 4

Communication requirements Part 5

Communication model (Data model and Services) Parts 7-1 to 7-4

Engineering
Substation Configuration Language (SCL) Part 6
Development of Tools
Conformance testing Part 10
and Hardware

Part 8-1 : Mapping for Part 9-1 : serial

MMS-TCP/IP-Ethernet unidirectional point-to-point

Part 8 Part 8-x : for Future Use Part 9-2 : Mapping on Part 9
IEEE 802.3(Ethernet)

Station Bus Sampled Values

(Process Bus)
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IEC61850 standard final released of autumn of 2004 !

ABB
IEC61850 More than a protocol (1)
„ IEC 61850 defines communication requirements that devices have to
comply with
„ Issues that have an impact to be able to provide a full working system
solution using the benefit of selecting devices from different suppliers.
„ E.g.: required behavior after communications are interrupted, etc.
„ IEC 61850 defines an interoperable exchange of engineering data
„ Between IEDs of different manufacturers in the same system
„ Between different IED versions during product life cycle long time system
maintenance
„ Based in the ICD (IED configuration description) file request for each IED
„ Based on formal SSD (Substation System Description) file
„ Providing a reusable formal system description
„ IEC 61850 defines strong extension rules
„ To guarantee interoperability also in case of extension needed
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ABB
IEC61850 More than a protocol (2)
„ IEC 61850 defines conformance tests
„ against which devices can be tested and certified for conformance to the
specification.
„ This ensures a high level of compatibility between different suppliers
products used within a IEC 61850 based solution
„ IEC 61850 defines general device requirements
„ E.g. temperature range devices need to adhere to, etc.
„ To ensure that the used equipment is also suitable for environments
present in substations
„ IEC 61850 in other applications
„ will be used for wind power plants, hydro power plants, dispersed
generation
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ABB
IEC61850 More than a protocol (3)
„ Provision of process bus
„In future none conventional ct’s and vt’s will be available on the
market. To provide a standardized interface the IEC 61850 provides a
clear definition for the process bus (IEC 61850-9)
„Sampled analogue values

HM I Station Station
Computer gateway
IEC 61850 –
Inter Bay Bus

RE. Control Protection Protection Control Protection

& Control
IEC 61850 –
Process Bus
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RIO, PISA, etc. Process Interface Process Interface Process Interface

ABB
IEC61850 Interoperable Profile (1)
Key players
„ An important part of the standard was successfully tested together
„ Different interpretation of the standard between ABB, Alstom and
Siemens was detected
„ ABB, Areva (Alstom) and Siemens have synchronized their IEC61850
implementation
„ Three major companies in the substation and substation automation
business are on track with their implementation of IEC 61850

One manufacturer…
private

Two manufacturers…
by chance
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Three manufacturers …
interoperability !
ABB
IEC61850 Interoperable Profile (2)
Interoperable yes, but.............
„ A communication profile defines the SUBSET of a standard that is implemented
„ Different Profiles may conform to the standard but still not be interoperable with
other systems
IEC 61850 Interoperable? - An example:
CompanyC
Profile IEC61850 defines three types of
data exchange communication
services – but only one of these
must be supported to be
interoperable !
Interoperable
Profile → Interoperable ≠ Interoperability

CompanyA CompanyB
Profile Profile
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Each mixing of devices with systems from different manufactures

must carefully be clarified in respect of the implemented profile. ABB
IEC61850 Main Goals of the Standard

Interoperability The ability for IED’s from one or several

manufacturer to exchange information and use
the information for the their own functions.

Long term stability The standard shall be future proof, i.e.

it must be able to follow the progress in
communication technology as well as
evolving system requirements.

Free configuration The standard shall support different philosophies

and allow a free allocation of functions e.g. it must
work equally well for centralized (RTU like) or
decentralized (SAS like) systems.
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ABB
IEC61850 Agenda

„ IEC61850 in the general context

„ Technical Approach
„ Engineering Concept
„ Benefits
„ Device Portfolio
2004-03-22
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ABB
IEC61850 Approach (1) - Lifecycle
„ Switchgear 30 - 60 years
Slow
„ Bay control and protection IED
„ Design life time 5 - 15 years
„ MTTF100 years
„ Station device (PC type)
„ Design life time 2 - 8 years
„ MTTF 5 - 10 years
„ MTTF >> Design life time
„ Replacement reasons
„ Maintenance replacement
„ Upgrade replacement

Fast

TODAY : Replacement Interval > 2 years usually means

re-engineering & testing

GOAL : long term stability

The functional design of a substation will overlast the lifecycle of
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common SA technology i.e. it must be able to follow the progress in

communication technology as well as evolving system requirements. ABB
IEC61850 Approach (2) – Lifecycle/Interoperability
Interoperability thanks of reuse of knowhow & engineering

System Configuration Exchangeable

Control & Tool
Protection Switchyard
portable
Concept
Substation Automation System
IEC61850
Data Model ABB

125VDC Distributuion Battery A

225kV LIGNE ABOBO 1

125VDC Distributuion Battery B

=D04+R01

Specification import
ABB ABB Network Partner REL316*4

1 9
2 10
3 11
4 12
5 13
6 14
7 15
8 16

of the BAY CONTROL RELAY REC316*4

ABB
-Q1
SEL

-Q0
SEL
=D04 ABOBO 1

-Q2
SEL
=W1

=W2

LAMPE
TESTE

OUVRIR FERMER

ESC EXE
ABB
POWER MONITORING UNIT

LOC
DISTANCE

Substation
LOCAL CONTROL METERING

ABB ABB Network Partner REL316*4

1 9
2 10
3 11
4 12
5 13
6 14
7 15
8 16

LINE PROTECTION RELAY REL316*4

ABB ABB Network Partner REB500

BUSBAR PROTECTION REB500

Supplier
Knowhow
SAS Station

capability Topology

Long term Short/medium term Long term

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Investments in engineering are save guarded because existing & tested

SA design can be migrated to new technology of any manufacturer. ABB
IEC61850 Approach (3) - Lifecycle
Long term stability through elimination of dependance on fast evolving
automation technology
Slow

IEC61850 Long-term definition

Data Model Safe-guarding investments
of the
Substation Abstract Interface

Mapping of objects Mapping of objects

Only adaptation for new
& services & services Communication stack
nessecary.

Stack Interface
7 7
6 MMS *) 6
5 5 Stack selection
4 TCP/IP 4 following state-of-art
3 3 Communication technology
2 Ethernet
2
Fast 1 1
*) MMS : Manufacturing Message Specification
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The Data model is mapped unambiguously to an existing stack.

Example: Communication Technology ISO/OSI seven layer stack ABB
IEC61850 Approach (4) – Free allocation
Free configuration and allocation of functions (logical nodes)
IED IED IED IED

PTOC PDIS PTOC PDIS PTOC PDIS

PTRC PTRC PTRC PTRC

“GSE*“ “GSE*“
*Generic Substation Event
Trip Trip
XCBR
IED IED
“Wires“
Trip
XCBR XCBR
Circuit Breaker

State of„„(practice
a) Distributed SA Distributed SA with
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with Process Bus

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Process Bus & Prot. Redundancy

ABB
IEC61850 Approach (5) – Free allocation
Free configuration and allocation of functions (logical nodes)

„ The support of free allocation Logical Nodes (functions and

sub-functions) allows an optimization of systems of today and
tomorrow

„ The free allocation is defined by strict rules and the concept of

IEC61850

„ The free allocation does not prohibit interoperability but may

increase the requirements for tools

„ The free allocation is limited by the device capacities and

capabilities as described in data sheets same as today.
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ABB
IEC61850 ABB as System Integrator
Handling of IEC61850 configuration data
.SSD, system
Engineering Substation Automation System
functionality
Workplace MiCROSCADA Pro
with IET

.SCD, system
IEC61850
Data Model
functionality Interbay bus
of the
Substation
Configuration
REC
data
316 … ... ...
.ICD, device
functionality .CID, device
configuration

Device (IED)
configuration
tool HMI, CAP2/316

„ Import and Export of SCL data between system

configuration tools and device configuration tools
„ Re-use of already pre-engineered and proven
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device configuration
ABB
IEC61850 ABB as System Integrator
Handling of IEC61850 configuration data
.SSD, system Substation Automation System
Engineering functionality
Workplace MiCROSCADA Pro
with IET
.SCD, system
IEC61850 functionality
Data Model Interbay bus
of the
Substation
Configuration
REC 316
data
… ... ...
.ICD, device
functionality .CID, device
configuration

Device (IED) .ICD, device

configuration tool functionality
HMI, CAP2/316 HMI, CAPxxx

„ Maintenance and adaptation capability within the lifecycle of the

Substation Automation System, easier extension and retrofit business
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ABB
IEC61850 Approach (5) – SCL

„ User requirements :
„ Save investments made in proven application data and migrate
the application to new hardware generation of same or different
device manufacture
„ Minimize maintenance cost in the life cycle of their secondary
equipment
„ Common approach of system engineering without the need of
time consuming, error prone human conversion of engineering
data.
„ Exchange data between engineering tools of different
manufacturers

¾ The IEC61850 introduces a standardised

Substation Configuration Language (SCL).
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ABB
IEC61850 SCL (1)

Substation Configuration Language (SCL) IEC61850

Data Model
(Defined in IEC61850 Standard Part 6) of the
Substation

„ Substation Configuration description Language, is a formal, standardized and

extendable description of the substation.
„ SCL is based on the common file standard XML (extensible markup language)
„ Example :
„ station ABBA with bay E1Q1, containing CB QA1 and disconnector QB1, both electrically
connected in L1. A “Controller” element called CSWI controls both switches.
<Substation Ref=“ABBA">
<VoltageLevel Ref="E1">
<Bay Ref="Q1">
<Bfunction Ref="">
<Device Ref="QA1" Type="CBR">
<Connection NodeRef="L1"/>
<LNode Ref="1" LNClass="CSWI"/> QA1 L1 QB1
</Device>
<Device Ref="QB1" Type="DIS">
<Connection NodeRef="L1"/>
<LNode Ref="2" LNClass="CSWI"/>
</Device>
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ABB
</Bfunction>
</Bay>
</VoltageLevel>
</Substation>
IEC61850 SCL (2)

Substation Configuration Language (SCL) IEC61850

Data Model
of the
The SCL in its full scope describes a model of…… Substation

„ Primary system structure

„ Which primary apparatus functions are used, and how the apparatus are connected.
„ Which function are related to the primary apparatus
„ Communication system
„ How IEDs are connected to sub networks and networks, and at which of their
communication access points (communication ports).
„ Application level communication
„ How data is grouped for sending, how IEDs trigger the sending and which service they
choose, which input data from other IEDs is needed.
„ Configured IEDs
„ The logical devices configured on the IED, the logical nodes with class and type
belonging to each logical device, the reports and their data contents, the (pre-
2004-03-22

configured) associations available; and which data shall be logged.

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ABB
IEC61850 SCL (3)

Substation Configuration Language (SCL) IEC61850

Data Model
of the
The SCL in its full scope describes a model of…… Substation

„ Type definitions
„ Logical nodes (LN) and their DATA are describe in types and instances
¾ Keep the data model lean, Prohibit redundancies in data
¾ Have full benefits of object oriented approach

„ Relations between Types and instances

„ Between instantiated logical nodes and their hosting IEDs on one side and the
switchyard parts on the other side.
„ Services
„ Services supported by the device
„ Capability, limitation and constrains in the supported services
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ABB
IEC61850 SCL (4)

Substation Configuration Language (SCL) IEC61850

Data Model
of the
Important files types in SCL with indented contents : Substation
„ *.scd
„ describing the complete station including topology,
communication and logical nodes
„ *.icd Interchangeable
between different
„ describing device capability, pre-defined IED
configuration or a project specific instant of a IED
engineering tools
configuration of different
suppliers.
„ *.ssd
„ containing topology and the SA functionality (LN’s...) Used in different
without concrete IEDs to run the functionality process steps
„ *.cid
„ describing a device proprietary configuration, which
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can be used for download on an IED (today's set files)

ABB
IEC61850 Data Modeling

Substation Configuration Language (SCL) IEC61850

Data Model
of the
The smallest entity in IEC 61850 that exchanges data is called: Substation

Logical Node (LN)

Classes :
„ L System LN (2) „ M Metering and measurement (8)
„ P Protection (28) „ S Sensor and monitoring (4)
„ R Protection related (10) „ X Switchgear (2)
„ T Instrument transformers (2)
„ C Control (5)
„ Y Power transformers (4)
„ G Generic (3)
„ Z Further power system
„ I Interfacing and archiving (4) equipment (15)
„ A Automatic control (4)

„
„ PDIF Differential
PDIF Differential protection
protection „
„ CSWI
CSWI Switch
Switch controller
controller
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„
„
„
„
R
X
BRF Breaker
RBRF Breaker failure
CBR Circuit
XCBR
failure
Circuit breaker
breaker
„
„
„
„
M
Y
MXU Measurement
MMXU Measurement unit
PTR Power
YPTR
unit
Power transformer
transformer
ABB
IEC61850 Data Modeling: Hierarchical

Physical Device (IED) Bay Unit

defined as Server
↑ Implementation
Logical Device (LD) Control

↑ Running
Logical Node (LN) CSWI Switch Control

Data ↓
Data (Object) Position

Properties ↓
Attribute Control Value
Status Value
Value ON/OFF
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„ IEC61850 provides over 90 predefined Logical Nodes & over

550 Data Objects to meet all needed SA functionalities. ABB
IEC61850 Data Modeling: GIS Substation

LN function-related in the substation Control

QA1/CSWI
QC1/CSWI
QB9/CSWI

Primary
technology Earthing Switch
QB9_L1/XSWI
Gas density mon.
QB9_L1/SIMG
Secondary
Isolator technology
QC1/XSWI

Circuit Breaker
QA1_L1/XCBR Distance
Gas density mon. Protection
QA1_L1/SIMG PDIS
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ABB
IEC61850 Data Modeling: Logical Nodes and Data

Example of a Logical Node

Logical Node (LN) Data (Object) Attribute

CDC
XCBR Pos DPC
stVal
„Intermediate
CBOpCap „Off
„On
BlkOpen „Bad state
BlkCls q
t
NamPlt ctlVal
Mod „Off
„On
Beh ctlModel
Health „Status-only
„Direct-normal
Loc „SBO-normal
„SBO-enhanced
… „...
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ABB
IEC61850 Data Modeling: Logical Node Description
Example XCBR

SPS
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Data Name
Common Data Class
Description
Mandatory/Optional
ABB
IEC61850 Data Modeling: Common Data Class

Example SPS / Single Point Status

stVal

Mandatory/
Attribute Type Functional Range of Optional
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Name Constraint Values

ABB
IEC61850 Example – Free Allocation (SBO)
Station Workplace Bay Controller Real Breaker

Logical Node Logical Node Logical Node

IHMI CSWI XCBR CB
SELECT
Selected state
Command sequence

ed
Select
Control circuit
OPERATE For commands

d
Operate

Indication circuit
Started
Indication

for breaker
positions
SITION
NEW PO

mination
Cmd ter

Human Switch Circuit

Machine Controller Breaker
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Interface Model Model

Interbay Bus Hardwired

ABB
IEC61850 Example – Free Allocation (SBO)
Station Workplace Bay Controller Real Breaker

Logical Node Logical Node Logical Node

IHMI CSWI XCBR CB
SELECT
Selected state
Command sequence

ed
Select
Control circuit
OPERATE For commands

d
Operate

Indication circuit
Started
Indication

for breaker
positions
SITION
NEW PO

mination
Cmd ter

Human Switch Circuit

Machine Controller Breaker
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© ABB - 38

Interface Model Model

Interbay Bus Process Bus ABB

IEC61850 Communication Services Overview
3 services available for data access and transfer :

1. Client - server:
Commands, Reporting, Log, Directory services, File transfer

HM I Station Station Station

Computer gateway Clock

Vertical Inter Bay Bus

Control Protection Protection Control Protection

& Control
Process Bus

Process Interface Process Interface Process Interface

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ABB
IEC61850 Communication Services - Vertical
„ Client – Server (MMS / TCP / IP)
„ Minimum 5 (MMS) clients to an IED (ABB solution)
„ two HMIs, two GWs, one spare (engineering, monitoring etc.)
„ Point–Point association: Associate / Release / Abort
„ Dynamically built (server addresses, authentication)
„ Maximum number is IED implementation dependent
„ Networking (routers) possible
„ read a value / attribute
„ write configuration attributes
„ control a device (direct operate / select before operate)
„ event oriented communication with reporting
„ local storage of time-stamped events in a log
„ get directory information
„ file transfer for e.g.
„ Disturbance record upload
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„
„
Parameter and software download
ABB
Upload from monitoring information like travel curves or history of gas density values
IEC61850 Communication Services - Vertical
„ Paradigm chance from anonymous data point model to
device and technology oriented data model
„ IEC61850 it is just about everything except mapping bits
and bytes.
„ “Addressing in functions”: No more magic numbers but
human-readable, function related addresses
„ Example:
„ Position status information for Circuit Breaker QA1 in Bay Q1,
Voltage Level E1 = E1Q1KA1/Ctrl.QA1CSWI1.Pos.stVal
„ This string is automatically generated by the data model.
„ It is recognized in the IED tool, in the HSI (not for display), in the IED
and is also visible during a transfer on the bus in an Ethernet
analyzer
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ABB
IEC61850 Communication Services - Vertical

Addressing in functions
Comparison LON - IEC61850

LON / SPA
Position QA1 Snet 1, Nod 1, STA 100, OA 54314
Trip DistanceProt. S‘net 1, Nod 3, STA 123, OA 54637
Frequency S‘net 1, Nod 1, STA 100, OA 51003
Close CB S‘net 1, Nod 1, STA 100, OA 50673

IEC 61850
Position QA1 E1Q1KA1.Ctrl/QA1CSWI1.Pos.stVal
Trip DistanceProt. E1Q1FA1.Prot/PDIS1.Op.general
Frequency E1Q1KA1.Ctrl/MMXU1.Hz.mag.f
Close CB E1Q1KA1.Ctrl/QA1CSWI1.Pos.ctVal
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© ABB - 42

Voltage Level Bay IED Log. Device Log. Node Data/Attribute ABB
IEC61850 Communication Services Overview
3 services available for data access and transfer :

2. Real time inter bay bus:

Generic Substation Event

HM I Station Station Station

Computer gateway Clock

Inter Bay Bus

Bay - Bay

Control Protection Protection Control Protection

& Control
Process Bus

Process Interface Process Interface Process Interface

2004-03-22
© ABB - 43

ABB
IEC61850 Communication Services Overview
3 services available for data access and transfer :

3. Real time process bus:

Sampled Values, Generic Object Oriented Substation Event

HM I Station Station Station

Computer gateway Clock

Inter Bay Bus

Control Protection Protection Control Protection

Process: & Control

PISA
Merging units Process Interface Process Interface Process Interface
2004-03-22
© ABB - 44

ABB
IEC61850 Communication Services - Horizontal
„ Real time Ethernet
„ peer to peer
„ A multicast group consists of many devices requesting a service
„ Based on MAC address / no IP
„ No networking (no crossing of routers)
„ GSE: GOOSE, GSSE; generic substation event
„ Controlled by GCB (Ena), contents defined by data set
„ Implementation on Ethernet
„ periodic sending with big cycle (e.g. 10 s)
„ Immediate sending if any data value has changed, with small repetition interval
against loss through disturbances (e.g. 4 ms)
„ GSSE restricted to double indications (UCA compatibility),
ABB use GOOSE
„ SV: sampled values
„ Controlled by SVCB, contents defined by data set
„ Data type must be SAV (Sampled Analogue Values)
„ Point – point: receiver can control the sending
2004-03-22
© ABB - 45

„ Multicast: some manager can control the sending

ABB
IEC61850 Performance classes – binary data, RMS values

Message Performance Class Remarks

type P1 (ms) P2/3 (ms)
Distribution Transmission
1A – trips, 10 3 Mintime=4 ms,
interlocking Maxtime=10 s =>
safety 99.999 %

1B – others, 100 20 Real demands

not as depend on
demanding function
as trips
• IEC 60834: trip command between protection functions need maximal 20 ms
• To reach an interlocking safety in the order of 99.999% GOOSE must be
transferred 3 times within 8 ms
• P2/3 time for 1A as application-application delay under message loss is for most
implementations unrealistic; as communication delay depends on system architecture
2004-03-22
© ABB - 46

ABB
IEC61850 Communication services - Real time
GOOSE sending method :
a) Enlarge intervals by factor between 1.1 and 2 (UCA)
Change

Mintime 2*Mintime 4*Mintime ……… Maxtime

Recommended bufTim

b) 3 times Mintime, then Maxtime (ABB recommended)

Change

Mintime … Mintime Maxtime ……… Maxtime

Recommended bufTim
Configuration parameters
2004-03-22
© ABB - 47

ABB
• Mintime: the fast repetition after change
• Maxtime: the periodic resending in steady state
• Fault detection by receiver : 2-3x Maxtime
IEC61850 Communication Services Overview

3 services available for data access and transfer :

Application
Data Model (Objects,Services)

Client Server Sampled

Abstract GOOSE* Values
Communication Communication
Services
Interface (ACSI)
Mapping (split data model from communication)
Stack
Interface

MMS Realtime –
Priority communication
TCP
ISO/OSI – Stack
Hierarchical set of IP
Rules how information is coded for
transmission Ethernet Link Layer
According to state-of-the art
communication technology Ethernet Physical Layer with Priority tagging (100 Mbit/s)
2004-03-22

Stack selection according to the state-of-the-art

© ABB - 48

* Generic Object Oriented

Substation Event Communication technology
ABB
IEC61850 Communication Services in IEC 61850

IEC 61850-7
fast Reporting
Client-Server-Services Sampled Values Time Sync.
GSSE GOOSE

-8-1 -8-1
7 -8-1
Application Layer -9-2
MMS -9-1
6 ASN.1 / BER Layer
Presentation SNTP
5 CO Session Layer
CL
4 TCP Transport Layer UDP
OSI CO OSI CL
3 IP Network Layer IP

2b Logical Link Control Layer

LLC
2a Medium Access Control Layer
Ethernet
1 Optical Fiber
Physical Layer Twisted Pair
2004-03-22
© ABB - 49

ABB
IEC61850 Time synchronization

„ Time synchronization is independent from the other

services, dependent on stack (SCSM)
„ Currently defined:
SNTP (Simple Network Time Protocol) for 1 ms
accuracy (class T1)
„ The IED fetches the time from a time server
„ The transmission delays are corrected by a special procedure
„ There might be different actual services for different
synchronization accuracy classes

„ Under discussion: IEEE 1588 as HW addition to

Ethernet for 1 µs accuracy (Classes T3 – T5); needs
support in switches
2004-03-22
© ABB - 50

ABB
IEC61850 Agenda

„ IEC61850 in the general contex

„ Technical Approach
„ Engineering Concept
„ Benefits
„ Device Portfolio
2004-03-22
© ABB - 51

ABB
IEC61850 Specification, Engineering, Design for IEC 61850

„ SA system engineering is quite a complex issue technically as well

as organizationally.
„ Having the right know how at the right place and at the right time
„ Co-ordination between different location interacting as one global team to
satisfy the customer requirements
„ The standard IEC 61850 offers a new structural approach to
communication system engineering
„ System level engineering tools (IET) to specify an IEC61850 data model
of a Substation automation system
„ Engineering process designed and support the IEC61850 Object Model
„ Engineering by assembling the SA System from the basic objects
defined in the IEC61850 object model
„ Use IEC61850 SCL as central data exchange format for all tools
„ Use concept of reuse based on entities of the IEC61850 object model.
2004-03-22
© ABB - 52

ABB
IEC61850
Overall Process within 2875
Bid & Manufacturing,
Manufacturing, Software, Installation &
System Design
Proposal Documentation & Test Commissioning

Commercial
Issues
P/O Change Management Delivery Warranty

System test
BUU Bid & Base Detailed signal Gateway signal Commissioning
or FAT
Proposal Design parameterization engineering “As built”
Parameterization

Approval or
„Red-marking“
BUU
As
delivered

Design SAS
„Typical“ Fabrication
MSS Bid & Verification System test
Proposal Order Mgmt or FAT
Material BCS / BPS CHMSS
procurement Fabrication
/ GFF
Need help? MSS Support We can help !
2004-03-22
© ABB - 53

ABB
IEC61850 Structured Engineering Process

Specification phase Engineering phase Test phase

Control Station Control

system level System
Specification Engineering Test

Station Control
level System
Specification Engineering

Signal Signal
Specification Engineering

Bay
Specification
Bay Bay
Engineering Test
2004-03-22
© ABB - 54

ABB
IEC61850 Specify a SA System based on IEC 61850 ?
„BUSBA „33 kV - 2500 A - 50 Hz - 31,5 kA (3
„R I „sec.)
„BUSBA
„R II

Station „-Q1 „-Q2 „-Q1 „-Q2 „-Q1 „-Q2 „-Q1 „-Q2

„1250 A
„M
„1250 A
„M
„1250 A
„M
„1250 A
„M
„1250 A
„M
„1250 A
„M
„1250 A
„M
„1250 A
„M

Integrated Engineering Tool (IET)

Topology „-Q0
„1250 A
„31,5 kA

„P
„-Q0 „-Q0 „-Q0 „-T1 „1
„1250 A „1250 A „1250 A „600-400/1-1-1-1 A „1
„31,5 kA „31,5 kA „31,5 kA „1: 30 VA 5P20
„2: 7,5 VA 5P20 „2
„3: 7,5 VA - cl. 1 n<5
„4: 22,5 VA 5P20 „3

„P „P „P „P„4
„-T1 „1 „-T1 „1 „-T1 „1 „2
„600-400/1-1-1-1 A „1 „600-400/1-1-1-1 A „1 „600-400/1-1-1-1 A „1
„1: 30 VA 5P20 „1: 30 VA 5P20 „1: 30 VA 5P20
„2: 7,5 VA 5P20 „2 „2: 7,5 VA 5P20 „2 „2: 7,5 VA 5P20 „2
„3: 7,5 VA - cl. 1 n<5 „3: 7,5 VA - cl. 1 n<5 „3: 7,5 VA - cl. 1 n<5
„4: 22,5 VA 5P20 „3 „4: 22,5 VA 5P20 „3 „4: 22,5 VA 5P20 „3
„P„4 „P„4 „P„4
„2 „2 „2

Control &
„-T5 „-T5 „-T5
„11100
„11 VA cl. 1,0 /
„1 „11100
„11 VA cl. 1,0 /
„1 „11100
„11 VA cl. 1,0 /
„1
„1:
„33„0
„. „0
„.
„3 „3 „3 „kV „1:
„33„0
„. „0
„.
„3 „3 „3 „kV „1:
„33„0
„. „0
„.
„3 „3 „3 „kV
„3P „3P „3P

Single Line
„2: 100 VA cl. 1,0 / „2 „2: 100 VA cl. 1,0 / „2 „2: 100 VA cl. 1,0 / „2
„3P „3P „3P

Protection
Concept „BUSBAR

„BUSBAR
I

II
„33 kV - 2500 A - 50 Hz - 31,5 kA (3 sec.)

„-Q1 „-Q2

„M „M
„1250 A „1250 A

„-Q0

Specification „1250
„31,5
A
kA
„I
„50
>>

„P

IEC61850
Feeder Block
„-T1
„600-400/1-1-1-1 A „1„1 „50BF
„1: 30 VA 5P20
„2
„2: 7,5 VA 5P20
„3: 7,5 VA - cl. 1 n<5
„4: 22,5 VA 5P20
„3

„P„4
„2
Data Model
„-T5

„1:
„1,0
„2:
100 VA cl.
/ 3P
100 VA cl.
„1

„2
of the
„1,0 / 3P

Supplier Substation
Knowhow
„Station
„computer

SA & „C
„E
System
Device configuration
capability „C
„E
„C
„E
„C
„E
2004-03-22
© ABB - 55

Complete SA design in one

ABB
“System Configuration Tool”
IEC61850 Data engineering / vertical communication
MicroSCADA PRO
Integrated Engineering Tool (IET) Picture Editor

Communication
Single Configuration
Line Tool

IEC61850 „ Signal engineering

Feeder Data Model .lof
Block of the „ IEC61850 dataflow
Substation
engineering Process
System „ Report, Dataset, LN
Data
Base
configuration clients
„ GOOSE, LN clients MicroSCADA
ACP TCP/IP Link
…
.SCD .SCD MicroSCADA
ACP TCP/IP Conf
OPC DA Client
Device
Configuration SCL
OPC Server
tools SCL
IEC61850
2004-03-22
© ABB - 56

61850-8-1

ABB
REF54x REx3xx .CID
CAP505 CAP2/316
IEC61850 Horizontal communication
System Engineering Tool (IET)
Station Configuration Description (SCD)
System
IED1 configurations IED2 configurations
wide
Dataset Definitions Input Section
dataflow
Signal 1 = A A= Signal 1
Signal 2 = B Dataset IED1 Dataset IED1 B= Signal 2
engineering
Signal 3 = C C= Signal 3

IET exports SCD file

IED IED Extracts IED

Configuration SCL configuration specific part
Tool Tool of SCD and
downloads it
Dataset IED1
multicast sending on
A=1 / B=0 / C=0
network

IEC61850
Communication bay to bay
Stack communication
CCF CCF
Coding Decoding
2004-03-22
© ABB - 57

IED
1
Signal 1 = 1
Signal 2 = 0
Signal 3 = 0
Signal 1 = 1
Signal 2 = 0
Signal 3 = 0
IED
2 ABB
IEC61850 IEC61850 Engineering Process - Example

Station Device specific

Configuration Tool configuration tool IEC101

IEC61850
Data Model of ABB
the Substation converter

IEC61850 / 100MBit Ethernet

Device specific
configuration tool ABB
control

SCD ABB
protection
Import *SCD file
in device tools
3rd party
protection
third party device
Integration configuration tool
with *ICD file
2004-03-22
© ABB - 58

* ICD & SCD are standard IEC61850 files for data exchange
ABB
IEC61850 Agenda

„ IEC61850 in the general context

„ Technical Approach
„ Engineering Concept
„ Benefits
„ Device Portfolio
2004-03-22
© ABB - 59

ABB
IEC61850 Customer Expectation
„ Global market access for the same interoperable solutions for
vendors as well as customers will lead to cost efficient solutions.
„ Safeguards investments in the applications while at the same
time allow to use up to date communication technology
„ Using mainstream technologies like Ethernet, TCP/IP, Object
modelling, and XML
„ Free allocation of functions on all levels, no assumptions or
constraints are imposed by the standard on the substation
architecture
„ All communication related configurations are supported by one
neutral and formal description (SCL). The description can serve
as support for specification, engineering and automatic testing.
…
2004-03-22
© ABB - 60

ABB
IEC61850 Gain from the Standard
„ Leave the box thinking behind and have a integral look at the
whole Automation System e.g. functionality and availability
aspects when specifying a new Substation (Free allocation of
functions)
„ Use the powerful IEC61850 data model when specifying a
new substation
„ Confront customer with IEC naming on functions
„ Demand Signal lists based on IEC61850 naming conventions
„ Include degree of IEC61850 design and communication
implementation as a additional criteria when evaluating and
specifying new control and protection devices.
„ Be careful when demanding full redundant Ethernet down to each IED -
concept is not included in the standard
2004-03-22
© ABB - 61

„ Make sure that extensions are possible ABB

IEC61850 Benefits with ABB

Why ABB…?
„ System according to your needs can be provided by the fast
growing portfolio of IEC 61850 compatible devices and
systems with direct implementation of IEC 61850 fully
exploiting for you the benefits of the standard including
„ HMI and NCC gateway
„ protection and control control
„ Powerful engineering tool set fully based on the IEC
61850 but tested already with LON SA systems in the
backward compatibility mode empowers system
engineering and facilitates documentation and
maintenance
2004-03-22
© ABB - 62

ABB
IEC61850 Benefits with ABB

Why ABB…?
„ High effort in developing the standard from the beginning
provide you high expertise
„ The participation of ABB from the beginning in
interoperability tests from feasibility studies to
implementation tests provides you reliable interoperable
interfaces according to IEC 61850 and reliable system
integration
2004-03-22
© ABB - 63

ABB
IEC61850 Benefits with ABB
2004-03-22
© ABB - 64

ABB
IEC61850 Visions – IEC61850 in future?
2004-03-22
© ABB - 65

ABB
IEC61850 Other issues to be considered

„ Performance for remote connection

„ To transfer monitoring data a high speed connection from the substation
to the remote monitoring place is a must
„ Security
„ When connecting a substation automation system to the intranet special
care has to be taken concerning security
„ A clear concept and strategy is an absolutely must for the company
„ Experiences from different utilities have shown that cyber attacks have to
be taken as serious
„ For hackers there is no problem to enter areas even protected by fire
walls and VPN
„ A strict separation of the operational and the business supporting
(monitoring) systems is recommended
2004-03-22
© ABB - 66

ABB
IEC61850 Agenda

„ IEC61850 in the general context

„ Technical Approach
„ Engineering Concept
„ Benefits
„ Device Portfolio
2004-03-22
© ABB - 67

ABB
IEC61850 ABB in May 2005 FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY

IEC61850/SPA Gateway MicroSCADA Pro

SPA-ZC 400 No GOOSE
No GOOSE in 2005 (monitoring planed)
(R&D: Beta mit >100ms)
COM581
IEC61850/SPA Gateway No GOOSE
SPA-ZC 402 (possible but no plans)
No GOOSE

Bay to Bay
“Goose”

RE.670 (Step one) RE.650 (common

plattform)
REF 543 REx 5xx REF 542+ REL 316 REC 316
(instead of Gateway –
Integrated solution RE.316 RE.670 RE.650
Planed) GOOSE possible GOOSE possible GOOSE possible
2004-03-22
© ABB - 68

ABB
IEC61850 ABB in May 2005 FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY

Device Redundant GOOSE Sampled GOOSE GOOSE Device

communicati available values Performance communicati released for
on available on failure Goose
detection concepts
REC No Yes No >20ms (to be To be verified No. Insufficient
316*4 verified in in SVC performance of
PCC03 card
SVC)

REC670 No. Yes No. Unknown To be verified To be verified

Planned Planned in SVC in SVC
1Q/06 4Q/05

REF543 No No. No R&D version n.a. No

Planned in next exists with
release. No
confirmed
>100ms
release schedule

REF542 No No. n.a. n.a. n.a. No

COM581 No. No. n.a. n.a. n.a. No

Planned ?

Micro No. No. n.a. n.a. To be verified No

SCADA Planned ? Monitoring in SVC
planed, no
Pro
2004-03-22

confirmed
© ABB - 69

ABB
release schedule

In general the time critical GOOSE performance in systems with more than >3 devices is unknown.
© ABB - 70
2004-03-22
IEC61850

ABB