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    Unit V - Human Biocultural Evolution

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    Joseph Tolentino Manook
    This document discusses the evolution of humans from early hominids to modern Homo sapiens. It describes several early hominid species such as Ramapithecus, Sahelanthropus, Ardipithecus, Australopithecus, Homo habilis, and Homo erectus. It notes traits of each such as brain size, ability to walk upright, and tool use. The document then discusses Homo sapiens and Homo sapiens sapiens, noting the development of larger brains, smaller teeth and jaws, and more sophisticated culture and tools in modern humans.

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    Unit V - Human Biocultural Evolution

    Uploaded by

    Joseph Tolentino Manook
    83 views20 pages
    This document discusses the evolution of humans from early hominids to modern Homo sapiens. It describes several early hominid species such as Ramapithecus, Sahelanthropus, Ardipithecus, Australopithecus, Homo habilis, and Homo erectus. It notes traits of each such as brain size, ability to walk upright, and tool use. The document then discusses Homo sapiens and Homo sapiens sapiens, noting the development of larger brains, smaller teeth and jaws, and more sophisticated culture and tools in modern humans.

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    UNIT V - HUMAN BIOCULTURAL EVOLUTION

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    This document discusses the evolution of humans from early hominids to modern Homo sapiens. It describes several early hominid species such as Ramapithecus, Sahelanthropus, Ardipithecus, Australopithecus, Homo habilis, and Homo erectus. It notes traits of each such as brain size, ability to walk upright, and tool use. The document then discusses Homo sapiens and Homo sapiens sapiens, noting the development of larger brains, smaller teeth and jaws, and more sophisticated culture and tools in modern humans.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    83 views20 pages

    Unit V - Human Biocultural Evolution

    Uploaded by

    Joseph Tolentino Manook
    This document discusses the evolution of humans from early hominids to modern Homo sapiens. It describes several early hominid species such as Ramapithecus, Sahelanthropus, Ardipithecus, Australopithecus, Homo habilis, and Homo erectus. It notes traits of each such as brain size, ability to walk upright, and tool use. The document then discusses Homo sapiens and Homo sapiens sapiens, noting the development of larger brains, smaller teeth and jaws, and more sophisticated culture and tools in modern humans.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 20

    HUMAN

    BIOCULTURAL
    EVOLUTION
    UNIT V
    UNDERSTANDING CULTURE, SOCIETY AND
    POLITICS
    MR. JOSEPH TOLENTINO – MANOOK
    CULTURAL
    EVOLUTION
    • It refers to the changes or
    development in culture from a simple
    form to a more complex form of
    human culture.
    • Scientists study the cultural
    evolution of human by analyzing the
    changes in the latter’s way of life.
    • Material
    • Non-material
    BIOLOGICAL
    EVOLUTION
    • It refers to the changes ,
    modifications and variations
    in the genetics and inherited
    traits of biological
    populations from one
    generation to another.
    • Scientists study the
    changes in the physical body
    of human, the changes in the
    shape and size of their bones.
    • Evolution of Man
    Different Theories and
    Concepts about the
    Evolution of Man

    Mythological
    Concepts
    • Part of culture
    • To answer the questions of
    people about the evolution
    of different things
    • Imaginative and creative
    stories
    • Passes through generations
    Different Theories and
    Concepts about the
    Evolution of Man

    Biblical Concepts
    • God created Adam and
    Eve on the sixth day of
    creation
    • Genesis
    • Assigned man to
    manage the world
    Different
    Theories and Scientific Concepts:
    • Natural Selection
    Concepts
    • Overproduction
    about the • Inheritance
    Evolution of • Variation
    Man
    NATURAL SELECTION
    THEORY
    UNIT V
    UCSP
    NATURAL
    SELECTION
    THEORY
    • Evolution of man
    • Occurrence of
    evolution
    • The outcome processes
    that the frequencies of
    traits in a particular
    environment. Traits that
    enhance survival and
    reproductive success
    increase in frequency
    over time.
    PRINCIPLES OF NATURAL UNIT V

    SELECTION UCSP
    PRINCIPLES OF
    NATURAL SELECTION
    VARIATIONS
    • Every species is made up of a variety of
    individuals wherein some are adopted to
    their environments compared to others.
    HEREDITABILITY
    • Organisms produce progeny with different
    sets of traits that can be inherited.
    DIFFERENT REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS
    • Organisms that have traits most suitable to
    their environment will survive and transfers
    these variations to their offspring subsequent
    generations.
    EVOLUTION OF MAN
    UNIT V
    UCSP
    HOMINIDS
    • The general term used to categorize the
    group of early humans and human-like
    creatures that can walk erect during the
    prehistoric period.
    • Lived before the existence of the new
    image of man.
    • Ramapithecus (Africa)
    • 14-12 million years
    • Sahelanthropus Tchandesis (Tau Mai-
    “Hope of Life”)
    • 6-7 million years
    RAMAPITHECUS
    • An extinct primate (member of the major
    group of mammals that includes humans,
    apes, and others), Ramapithecus is known
    only from a few fossil fragments that have
    been dated to about 14 million years ago.
    • Until the early 1980s, many
    anthropologists believed Ramapithecus to be
    an early direct ancestor of humans. Now it is
    believed to be a direct ancestor of the modern
    orangutan.
    • The first Ramapithecus fossils—fragments
    of an upper jaw and some teeth—were
    discovered in 1932 in the Siwalik hills of
    northern India.
    SAHELANTHROPUS
    TCHANDESIS

    • 6-7 million years ago.


    • it had both apelike and
    humanlike characteristics.
    • A skull similar to
    Australopithecus and modern
    human.
    • Height almost similar with the
    chimpanzee
    • Brain size: 320-380 cc
    • Small teeth
    • Had the ability to walk upright.
    ARDIPITHECHUS
    • ape on the ground
    • 5.6 million years ago.
    • Height about 4 feet
    • Weight about 120 pounds
    • Skull size similar to an ape
    • Small brain
    • Bipedal
    • lived in jungles and forest
    like chimpanzees
    AUSTRALOPITHECUS
    • Australis- South
    • Pithecus- Gorilla
    • “The Southern Ape”
    • 4 million years ago
    • Large teeth, small brains, long arms, short
    legs, bipedal.
    • Brain size: 500 cc or 1/3 size of the
    modern human brain.
    • Tools user not tool makers
    • Food scavengers
    HOMO HABILIS
    • ”Skillful Man”
    • 2.3-1,4 million years ago
    (Pleistocene Period)
    • Brain size: 700 cc
    • Uses hands and tools in order to
    get food.
    • Scratching and Sharpening
    • Zijanthropus (East Africa Man)
    • Lake Turkana Man (Kenya)
    HOMO ERECTUS
    • Straight Man
    • 2.3-1,4 million years ago.
    • Can stand and walk straight
    • Uses fire tools made of stones
    • Hunting, Fishing, Searching for
    Food
    • Java Man- Pithecanthropus Erectus
    (Indonesia)
    • Peking Man- Sinanthropus
    Pekinensis (China)
    HOMO SAPIENS
    • Wise Man
    • Large brains, small teeth, can walk and stand
    straight
    • Creates tools , simple culture and established
    system of living
    • Neanderthal Man
    • Cro-Magnon Man
    • Tabon Man
    • Carnivores
    • Hunter
    • they lived in a group and hunted and gathered
    food
    HOMO SAPIENS
    SAPIENS
    • “Wise Man”
    • ”Modern day man”
    • Brain sized reduced to 1300 cc
    • reduction in the size of the jaw,
    rounding the skull and chin
    • skillful hands
    • Developed the power of thinking,
    producing art and more
    sophisticated tools and sentiments.

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