TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER CONTENT PAGE NO

INTRODUCTION

1.1 INTRODUCTION ABOUT INTERNSHIP TRAINING

I 1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

1.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

1.4 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

PROFILE OF THE STUDY

II 2.1 INDUSTRY PROFILE

2.2 COMPANY PROFILE

2.3 PRODUCT PROFILE

2.4 ORGANISATION CHART

FUNCTIONS OF DEPARTMENT

3.1 PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT

III 3.2 HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT

3.3 FINANCE DEPARTMENT

3.4 MARKETING DEPARTMENT

AREA OF TRAINING

IV 4.1 SWOT ANALYSIS

4.2 FINDINGS

4.3 SUGGESTIONS

4.4 CONCLUSION

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 CHAPTER – I

1.1 INTRODUCTION ABOUT INTERNSHIP TRAINING

A Plant Training will provide an industrial exposure to the students as well as to

develop their career in the high tech industrial requirements. Reputed companies are
providing in-plant training to Students. Here students are initially get counselled in order to
emerge out their interest in various streams and what are all the basic concepts they know on
that domain.

After the successful completion of studies students has to face this competitive world
with this knowledge to face many problems and to find the right solutions which is to be
solved in the minimum duration of time. The in-plant training is get totally different from the
class environments.

The garments industry is highly dependent on labour both skilled and unskilled. The
production process involves technology and competition also forces the mills to produce
products so as to withstand the customer changing demands. The researcher brings out the
overview of garments industry both the global and Indian situation. This will help the
researcher to understand and relate the situations prevailing in the study unit, of Balaji
Garments.

The organizational characteristics; production processes and HRM practices of

BALAJI Garments Pvt. Ltd are also reviewed and presented in this chapter which forms the
basis for studying the impact of prevailing HRM practices as demanded by the employees,
organizational and production process. This chapter presents the details /in three sections viz.,
Section 1) Overview of garments Industry and Section 2) Profile of Production and
Organizational characteristics of Balaji Garments and Section 3) Profile of HRM Practices in
Balaji Garments
1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

➢ To analyse the effectiveness of Balaji Garments and give there commendation to

improve existing sales and production.

➢ To study the students efforts how to attend the customers by the company.

➢ To study and analyse the production performance of Balaji Garments.

➢ To study the swot analysis of organization function and departments.

`1.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

❖ The study in mainly based on the details collected from each department.
❖ It provides a better understanding at functional level of each department i.e. purchase,
materials, production, marketing, finance, Human resource management and store
department.
❖ Each and every activities of the company is studied very carefully with the data
available.
❖ Apart from that, I gained knowledge of the functioning of different departments and
their interrelationship with each other.
❖ This study helped me to familiarize myself with the textile segment.
1.4 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

❖ The training period is not convenient because its shortly.

❖ The data does not covered all functions of departments.
❖ The complete details are not available from the firm and therefore scientific method
could not be employed.
❖ The information is collected from the different departments from the firm, because the
organization research cannot be collect primary information.
 CHAPTER-II

2. PROFILE OF THE STUDY

2.1 INDUSTRY PROFILE

The Indian garments industry is one of the largest in the world with a massive raw
material and garments manufacturing base. Our economy is largely dependent on the
garments manufacturing and trade in addition to other major industries. About 27% of the
foreign exchange earnings are on account of export of garments and clothing alone. The
garments and clothing sector contributes about 14% to the industrial production and 3% to
the gross domestic product of the country. Around 8% of the total excise revenue collection is
contributed by the garments industry. So much so, the garments industry accounts for as large
as 21% of the total employment generated in the economy. Around 35 million people are
directly employed in the garments manufacturing activities. Indirect employment including
the manpower engaged in agricultural based raw-material production like cotton and related
trade and handling could be stated to be around another 60 million.

A garments is the largest single industry in India (and amongst the biggest in the
world), accounting for about 20% of the total industrial production. It provides direct
employment to around 20 million people. Garments and clothing exports account for one-
third of the total value of exports from the country. There are 1,227 garments mills with a
clothing capacity of about 29 million spindles. While yarn is mostly produced in the mills,
fabrics are produced in the power loom and handloom sectors as well. The Indian garments
industry continues to be predominantly based on cotton, with about 65% of raw materials
consumed being cotton. The yearly output of cotton cloth was about 12.8 billion m (about 42
billion ft).

The manufacture of jute products (1.1 million metric tons) ranks next in importance to
cotton weaving. Garments is one of India’s oldest industries and has a formidable presence in
the national economy inasmuch as it contributes to about 14 per cent of manufacturing value-
addition, accounts for around one-third of our gross export earnings and provides gainful
employment to millions of people.
INDIAN GARMENTS INDUSTRY STRUCTURE AND GROWTH

India’s garments industry is one of the economies largest. In 2000/01, the garments
and garment industries accounted for about 4 percent of GDP, 14 percent of industrial output,
18 percent of industrial employment, and 27 percent of export earnings (Hashim). India’s
garments industry is also significant in a global context, ranking second to China in the
production of both cotton yarn and fabric and fifth in the production of synthetic fibers and
yarns.

In contrast to other major garments-producing countries, mostly small-scale,

nonintegrated clothing, weaving, cloth finishing, and apparel enterprises, many of which use
outdated technology, characterize India’s garments sector. Some, mostly larger, firms operate
in the “organized” sector where firms must comply with numerous government labor and tax
regulations. Most firms, however, operate in the small-scale “unorganized” sector where
regulations are less stringent and more easily evaded.

The unique structure of the Indian garments industry is due to the legacy of tax, labor,
and other regulatory policies that have favored small-scale, labor-intensive enterprises, while
discriminating against larger scale, more capital-intensive operations. The structure is also
due to the historical orientation towards meeting the needs of India’s predominately low-
income domestic consumers, rather than the world market. Policy reforms, which began in
the 1980s and continued into the 1990s, have led to significant gains in technical efficiency
and international competitiveness, particularly in the clothing sector. However, broad scope
remains for additional reforms that could enhance the efficiency and competitiveness of
India’s weaving, fabric finishing, and apparel sectors.

Structure Of India’s Garments Industry

Unlike other major garments-producing countries, India’s garments industry is

comprised mostly of small-scale, nonintegrated clothing, weaving, finishing, and apparel-
making enterprises.
 • Composite Mills. Relatively large-scale mills that integrate clothing, weaving and,
sometimes, fabric finishing are common in other major garments-producing countries.

In India, however, these types of mills now account for about only 3 percent of output
in the garments sector. About 276 composite mills are now operating in India, most owned by
the public sector and many deemed financially “sick.”

• Clothing is the process of converting cotton or manmade fiber into yarn to be used
for weaving and knitting. Largely due to deregulation beginning in the mid-1980s, clothing is
the most consolidated and technically efficient sector in India’s garments industry. In
2002/03, India’s clothing sector consisted of about 1,146 small-scale independent firms and
1,599 larger scale independent units.

• Weaving and Knitting. Weaving and knitting converts cotton, manmade, or

blended yarns into woven or knitted fabrics. India’s weaving and knitting sector remains
highly fragmented, small-scale, and labor-intensive. This sector consists of about 3.9 million
handlooms, 380,000 “power loom” enterprises that operate about 1.7 million looms, and just
137,000 looms in the various composite mills. “Power looms” are small firms, with an
average loom capacity of four to five owned by independent entrepreneurs or weavers.
Modern shuttle less looms account for less than 1 percent of loom capacity

• Fabric Finishing. Fabric finishing (also referred to as processing), which includes

dyeing, printing, and other cloth preparation prior to the manufacture of clothing, is also
dominated by a large number of independent, small scale enterprises. Overall, about 2,300
processors are operating in India, including about 2,100 independent units and 200 units that
are integrated with clothing, weaving, or knitting units.

• Clothing Apparel is produced by about 77,000 small-scale units classified as

domestic manufacturers, manufacturer exporters, and fabricators (subcontractors).

Growth of Garments Industry

India has already completed more than 50 years of its independence. The analysis of
the growth pattern of different segment of the industry during the last five decades of post-
independence era reveals that the growth of the industry during the first two decades after the
independence had been gradual, though lower and growth had been considerably slower
during the third decade.

The growth thereafter picked up significantly during the fourth decade in each and
every segment of the industry. The peak level of its growth has however been reached during
the fifth decade i.e., the last ten years and more particularly in the 90s. The Garments Policy
of 1985 and Economic Policy of 1991 focusing in the direction of liberalization of economy
and trade had in fact accelerated the growth in 1990s. The clothing spearheaded the growth
during this period and man-made fiber industry in the organized sector and decentralized
weaving sector.

ROLE OF INDIAN GARMENTS INDUSTRY IN THE ECONOMY

Garments industry plays a significant role in the economy. The Indian garments
industry is one of the largest and most important sectors in the economy in terms of output,
foreign exchange earnings and employment in India.

It contributes 20 per cent of industrial production, 9 percent of excise collections, 18

percent of employment in industrial sector, nearly 20 percent to the country’s total export
earnings and 4 percent ton the GDP. The sector employs nearly 35 million people and is the
highest employer in the country.

The garments sector also has a direct link with the rural economy and performance of
major fiber crops and crafts such as cotton, wool, silk, handicrafts and handlooms, which
employ millions of farmers and crafts persons in rural and semi-urban areas. It has been
estimated that one out of every six households in the country depends directly or indirectly on
this sector.

India has several advantages in the garments sector, including abundant availability of
raw material and labour. It is the second largest player in the world cotton trade. It has the
largest cotton acreage, of about nine million hectares and is the third largest producer of
cotton fiber in the world.

It ranks fourth in terms of staple fibre production and fourth in polyester yarn
production. The garments industry is also labour intensive, thus India has an advantage.
INDIAN GARMENTS INDUSTRY

Garments Overview

Indian Garments Industry contributes about 11 percent to industrial production, 14 per

cent to the manufacturing sector, 4 percent to the GDP and 12 per cent to the country's total
export earnings.

It provides direct employment to over 35 million people, the second largest provider
of employment after agriculture. Besides, another 54.85 million people are engaged in its
allied activities.

The fundamental strength of this industry flows from its strong production base of
wide range of fibres / yarns from natural fibres like cotton, jute, silk and wool to synthetic
/man-made fibres like polyester, viscose, nylon and acrylic.

We can just track the strong multi-fibre strong base by highlighting the following
important positions reckon by this industry across globe are:

• Cotton – Second largest cotton and cellulosic fibres producing country in the world.
• Silk – India is the second largest producer of silk and contributes about 18% to the total
world raw silk production.
• Wool –India has 3rd largest sheep population in the world, having 6.15 crores sheep,
producing 45 million kg of raw wool, and accounting for 3.1% of total world wool
production. India ranks 6th amongst clean wool producer countries and 9th amongst
greasy wool producers.
• Man-Made Fibres- the fourth largest in synthetic fibres/yarns globally.
• Jute – India is the largest producer and second largest exporter of the jute goods.

In garments Scenario

In exports Cotton yarns, fabric, made ups etc. made largest chunk with US$ 3.33
Billion or 26.5% in garments category, and Ready Made garments (RMG)-cotton
including accessories made largest chunk with 4.67 Billion US $ or 37.1 % of total
exports.
 Whereas, manmade yarn and fabrics in garments group and RMG–Manmade fibres
constituted second position in the two categories, respectively. Carpets and woollen
garments are other items exported from India.

In global scenario

Developed countries' exports declined from 52.2% share in 1990 to 37.8 % in 2002.
And that of developing countries increased from 47.8% to 62.2 % in the same period.
In2003 the exports figures in percentage of the world trade in Garments Group (for select
countries) were:

Production

India is the second largest producer of fibre in the world and the major fibre produced
is cotton. Other fibres produced in India include silk, jute, wool, and man-made fibers. 60%
of the Indian garments Industry is cotton based.

The strong domestic demand and the revival of the Economic markets by 2009 has
led to huge growth of the Indian garments industry. In December 2010, the domestic cotton
price was up by 50% as compared to the December 2009 prices. The causes behind high
cotton price are due to the floods in Pakistan and China.
 India projected a high production of garments (325 lakh bales for 2010 -11). There
has been increase in India's share of global garments trading to seven percent in five years.
The rising prices are the major concern of the domestic producers of the country.

• Man Made Fibbers: These include manufacturing of clothes using fibre or filament
synthetic yarns. It is produced in the large power loom factories. They account for the
largest sector of the garments production in India. This sector has a share of 62% of
the India's total production and provides employment to about 4.8 million people.
• The Cotton Sector: It is the second most developed sector in the Indian Garments
industries. It provides employment to huge amount of people but its productions and
employment is seasonal depending upon the seasonal nature of the production.
• The Handloom Sector: It is well developed and is mainly dependent on the SHGs for
their funds. Its market share is 13% of the total cloth produced in India.
• The Woollen Sector: India is the 7th largest producer. of the wool in the world. India
also produces 1.8% of the world's total wool.
• The Jute Sector: The jute or the golden fibre in India is mainly produced in the
Eastern states of India like Assam and West Bengal. India is the largest producer of
jute in the world.
• The Sericulture and Silk Sector: India is the 2nd largest producer of silk in the
world. India produces 18% of the world's total silk. Mulberry, Eri, Tasar, and Muga
are the main types of silk produced in the country. It is a labour-intensive sector.

India’s Garments Industry Structure

• Cotton garments continue to form the predominant base of the Indian garments
industry, though other types of fabric have gained share in recent years. In 1995-96,
the share of cotton and manmade fabric was 60% and 27% respectively.
• More recently, cotton fabrics accounted for 46% of the total fabric produced in 2005-
06, while man-made fibres held a share of 41%. This represents a clear shift in
consumer preferences towards man-made fabric.
• The fibre and yarn-specific configuration of the garments industry includes almost all
types of garments fibres, encompassing natural fibres such as cotton, jute, silk and
wool; synthetic / man-made fibres such as polyester, viscose, nylon, acrylic and
polypropylene (PP) as well as multiple blends of such fibres and filament yarns such
 as partially oriented yarn (POY). The type of yarn used is dictated by the end product
being manufactured.
• The Man-made garments industry comprises fibre and filament yarn manufacturing
units of cellulosic and non-cellulosic origin.

The Garments and Apparel supply chain

 The industry structure is fully vertically integrated across the value chain, extending
from fibre to fabric to garments. At the same time, it is a highly fragmented sector, and
comprises small-scale, non-integrated clothing, weaving, finishing, and apparel-making
enterprises.

• The unorganised sector forms the bulk of the industry, comprising handlooms, power
looms, hosiery and knitting, and also readymade garments, khadi and carpet
manufacturing units.
• The organised mill sector consists of clothing mills involved only in clothing
activities and composite mills where clothing, weaving and processing activities are
carried out under a single roof.
• As in January 2006, there were 1779 cotton/man-made fibre garments mills in the
organised sector, with an installed capacity of 34.1 million spindles and 395,000
rotors.
• Of these, 218 were composite mills which accounted for just 3% of total fabric
production, with 97% of fabric production happening in the unorganised segment.
Cloth production in the mill sector has fallen from 1,714 million sq mtrs in 1999-2000
to a projected 1,493 million sq mtrs in 2005-06, declining at a rate of 2% per annum.
As a result, the number of sick units in the organised segment has also been growing
rapidly.
 • The competitiveness of composite mills has declined in comparison to the power
looms in the decentralised segment.
• Policy restrictions relating to labour laws and the fiscal advantages enjoyed by the
handloom and power loom sectors have been identified as two of the major
constraints responsible for the declining scenario of the mill sector.
• Nonetheless, overall cloth production in the country has been growing at 3.5% per
annum since 2000, with growth driven largely by the power loom sector. Being the
largest manufacturer of fabric in the country, the power loom sector produces a wide
variety of cloth, both grey as well as processed.
• According to the Ministry of Garments, there are 1.923 mn power looms in the
country distributed over 430,000 units. The sector accounts for 63% of the total cloth
production in the country and provides employment to 4.815 mn people.
• The handloom sector is the second-highest employer in the country after agriculture.
The sector accounts for 13% of the total cloth produced in the country, not including
wool, silk and hand spun yarn.
2.2 COMPANY PROFILE

Balaji Garments is a Private Company incorporated on 20 May 2005. It is classified

as Indian Non-Government Company and is registered at Registrar of Companies,
Coimbatore. Its authorized share capital is Rs. 55,000,000 and its paid up capital is Rs.
50,308,072.Balaji Garments Annual General Meeting (AGM) was last held on 30 September
2013 and as per records from Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), its balance sheet was last
filed on 31 March 2013.

The Town of Export Excellence. This is how the Export Import Policy of 2002-2007
pays tribute to the enterprising town of Salem, South India. One of the largest foreign
exchange earning towns, it forms the major chunk of total knitwear exports from India (56%).
With an export turnover grossing more than Rs.5000 crore (Rs.50 billion) in the last financial
year, it provides employment opportunities to close to one million people.
In this burgeoning town of exports, balaji Garments (P) LTD., is weaving a special place for
itself, with its extensive range of garments for men, women and children, of all ages.

Indubitably it's the dynamic entrepreneurial spirit, found in the hosiery town of Salem
that has pushed it to a prominent position on the export map of India. BALAJI Garments (P)
LTD., situated in this quintessential town of Salem, started operations in 1987 and later began
the export of garments in 1992. In the last decade and a half, BALAJI has become a leading
player in the export of knitted garments.

What started in a small scale is today a Government Recognized Export House

producing nearly 500,000 pieces per month with the latest imported machineries. At present
the company has touched a group turnover of around $ 18 million and by 2006 it is expected
to touch $ 25 million.

Undoubtedly the world of apparels is a very exciting and challenging one given the
economic factors at play and the dynamic fashion scenario of a global market.

The people
The growth of balaji can be attributed to keep the commitment towards high standards
of quality, both in the production process and the end products. Undoubtedly the management
and the employees are a well-knit team dedicated to deliver quality.
The result of devote hard work and acumen in selecting the right person to the right
job has capitulated good results. The scrupulous planning for expansion and improvement
demands an equally meticulous implementation by the personnel. The HR Department of
balaji Garments takes every care to keep all employed in the best morale. Training is a
continuous process to keep productivity, in sync with changing market demands

Infrastructure

The quest for perfection and quality starts right from the raw material stage and
continues to the finished product. The entire production is managed in-house, to ensure that
all specifications and quality requirements are met promptly and accurately. All production
facilities available at balaji come under the strict supervision of the Quality Assurance
Department. An elaborate system to control and monitor all orders is done through an Order
Management System, which tracks the status of each order in production.

Quality
 Various parameters are constantly checked, monitored and controlled in the
production process. All recommended tests are conducted for ascertaining Quality standards
specified by various statutory agencies of the relevant countries, as per buyers' requirements.
Critical focus is kept on Cotton, Yarn and Knitted Cloth Quality.

Several tests are done to maintain quality of yarn such as

1. The black board test for yarn appearance.

2. The wrap block - for sliver testing
3. The wrap reel- for yarn count testing.
4. The Lea strength tester for yarn strength & CSP.

Fabric

The fabric undergoes quality control test at the Quality Control Laboratory that has
all facilities, to ensure that our garments meet the requirements and specifications. Tests are
done as per international standards.

The tests include

1. Colour fastness to mechanical wash

2. Colour fastness to rubbing
3. Perspiration test
4. Testing dimensional shrinkage stability
5. Garment Twist checking

Exports
 Understanding the needs of clients, Quality and Timely delivery makes balaji
garments success story in various countries. Serving to the latest trends with up gradation in
technology, caters to a variety of clientele in U.S, Canada, Europe and Australia.

Wind Power

The need to generate “green power” motivated balaji garments to set up its own Wind
Mills to produce Electric Power for internal consumption.

Knitting

The very latest 16, 20, 24 & 28 Gauge Circular Knitting Machines are engaged in the
production floor like Mayer & Cie from Germany, Italian Orizio Paulo A variety of knitted
fabrics are produced starting from the basic jersey, pique to the trendiest jacquards to texture
knits of all kinds.

The 14, 16 Gauge Flat Knitting Machines from Taiwanese “Kauo-Heng” and
Japanese Matsuya flat knitting machines are engaged in the production floor for
manufacturing all kinds of basic and fashion collars in various designs.
Dyeing & Compacting

Dyeing
Dilmenler yarn dyeing machines are used for an uniform, best and reproducible
shades. This is supported further by Mesdan-Italy wet splicing for a smooth knotless knitted
stripes and checks. The yarn dyeing capacity at present is 5 tons with added scope for
expansion. Dilmenler fabric dyeing machines are used for fabric of high handle, retaining all
the natural characteristics.

Eco friendly dyes ensure social accountability. The plant capacity at present is 10 tons
with more scope for expansion due to the fore-thought infrastructure. Yarn and fabric dyeing
facilities are fully supported by a most modern lab with Infra-Red dyeing machines and
automatic tubeless dispensers with testing procedures.

Compacting:
The washed and laundered cloth is sent through the latest Tube-tex USA compacting
machine to control shrinkage. All processed fabric is pre-shrunk, so that the garments always
retain shape.

Garment Production

balaji has in its production line the best and truly sophisticated machinery capable of
producing productivity and quality. To minimize the wastage in fabric, the planning of cut
layout is done with the help of CAD Invest to utilize resources of men & machinery machine
more efficiently; the Production Monitoring is done with Barcode systems.
ADDRESS
5/498-B, Narayana Pillai Thottam,
Erumapalayam Main Rd, Vaarkaran Kuttai,
Kalarampatti, Erumapalayam, Salem, Tamil Nadu 636015

2.3 PRODUCT PROFILE

Kids Wear

The diverse collection of garments is focused on not just men & women, but children as well.
The Kids Wear comes in the most attractive of colours & designs for children of all ages
Casual Wear

The casual collection guarantees a cool and trendy look that will surely make a
Fashion Statement.

Sports Wear

The spectacular Sports Wear will definitely make one stand out from the crowd. The
distinct sweatshirts are winners all the way. Assorted collections, for both men & women

Golf Wear

The range of Golf-Wear is designed to suit to the ‘Tee'. The collections are in solids
stripes, prints and jacqards for both men and women.
2.4 ORGANIZATION CHART

CHAIRMAN
Mr N. BALAJI

MANAGING DIRECTOR
Mr Surendren

DIRECTOR
Mrs Revathi
 EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
Mr Shabhari

Production Marketing Finance HR Manager

Manager Manager Manager V.Raja
K.kalai G.S.Naveen D.Niranjan
V.Palani Sami

Assistant Assistant Secretary Assistant Manager

Manager Manager financial M.Kannan
K.Mani A.Karthik R.S.nirmal
R.Manimurugan
R.Dinesh kumar
Executive Sales man Accountant HR Executive
M.Anbu S.Senthil
Assistant S.Dhina A.Ragu
Manager

Production Assistant A.Parthipan

Employees
officer Manager Auditor
R.Sakthi K.Sakthi

Helpers

CHAPTER – III

3.1 PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT

KNITTING QUALITY

All production facilities available at come under the strict supervision of the Quality
Assurance Department. An elaborate system to control and monitor all orders is done through
an ERP System, which tracks the status of each order in production.
FABRIC DYEING

The Very latest 16,20,24 & 28 Gauge Circular Knitting machine are engaged in the
production floor like “ Mayer & Cie” from Germany, Italian “ Orizio Paulo” A variety of
knitted fabrics are produced starting from the basic jersey, Interlock, Pique, Rib, Auto striper
With 70 Color + Lycra, Jacquard + Wrapper with 72 color + Lycra. Collar: - 16 & 114 –
Plain + Platted jacquard.
YARN DYEING

“Dilmenler” yarn dyeing machines are used for an uniform, best and reproducible shades.
This is supported further by Mesdan-Italy wet splicing for a smooth knotless knitted stripes
and check.

COLOUR LAB

Fully automated Lab dispenser / Colour matching SPECTRO-SF 600 and I.R Lab dyeing
machines helps 100% accuracy
COMPACTING

The washed and laundered cloth is sent through the latest “Tube-tex” USA compacting
machine to control shrinkage. All processed fabric is pre-shrunk, so that the garments always
retain shaped.
FABRIC MERCERIZING

The balaji fabrics undergo value addition by its additional special mercerizing process. the
mercerizing is done by the only world’s best “dornier” Germany mercerizing machine. the
specialty with our latest machine is also due to its circular expandable four tower washing
facility which is also fully automated, yielding high lustre, and intense colour depth leaving a
very good hand feel.

PPRODUCTION

The production line for finishing has high-tech machines like pegasus, juki, siruba and
brother. The well trained and skilled workforce engaged in production floor. And finishing all
garments is steam- ironed and machine pressed meticulously. All the garments are hand
packed with care and stored for subsequent transportation to various destinations.
EMBROIDERY

This department has the world’s best Japanese “Barudan” automatic high-speed embroidery
Machines, they are capable of rendering multi colors of embroidery and appliqué, an art
which enhance the value of the garments. Capacity 1.5 Billion Stitches per day.
WASHING

All Types of Garment washes like Stone wash, Enzyme Wash, Acid Wash and many more.

• Gassing

Main articles: Singe § Garments and Gassing (garments process)

Gassing is the process of passing yarn, as distinct from fabric very rapidly through a
series of Bunsen gas flames in a gassing frame, in order to burn off the projecting fibres and
make the thread round and smooth and also brighter. darker in shade afterwards, but should
not be scorched.
3.2 HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT

JOB DESCRIPTION

Domestic Readymade Garment Retailer requires Production Manager to handle the

mfg unit. In charge of the unit handling production & administrative function of the unit
reporting to the Director Garment Export House requires Production Manager for their
Readymade Garment. Responsible for independent handling of the unit, achieving the targets
assigned, ensuring quality for timely shipments, etc.

OBJECTIVES OF H.R DEPARTMENT

❖ Manpower Planning
❖ Recruitment
❖ Training and Development
❖ Induction
❖ Wages and salary administration’
❖ Statutory compliances
❖ Leave administration
❖ Grievance Redresser
❖ Personal counselling
❖ Compensations and Benefits
❖ Welfare
❖ Performance evaluation

Sources of recruitment
Recruitment is the process of filling the vacancies. It is the first steps in selection
process. In Cotton Mill direct recruitment method is used frequently for recruitment. The firm
places job advertisement in newspapers. And in TV, media and tries to attract as much as
calibre people from the outside.
The company also have internal recruitment for filling the post by efficient and skilled
workers from the rank , promotion and Corporation have preferred local candidates who
belongs to surroundings. There will be notice displayed on the notice board of the company
and outside of the company and like that workers will be recruited.

Methods of selection
The basic requirement for a employees is 10th pass and other office staffs and all will
be according to the Govt norms. The General Manager will conduct the interview, and from
that he will appoint the employee. While selection they will try to avoid very sick person and
old persons-
Training & Development for employees
There will be regular training & development programmes for all levels of employees,
i.e. Senior Management to lowest level workers regularly Training need analysis. How the
training need is analysed for present employee, based on their performance or while
technology advances.
To improve the quality of production or to reduce the cost factor or avoiding
accidents. Training need analysis is mainly done when a new worker joins the company or
when a new machine is placed then for the machinery handling and maintenance.
Training Analysis (sometimes called Training Needs Analysis (TNA)) is the formal
process of identifying the training gap and its related training need.
This is being followed in Malabar Cotton Mills This approach also used information
regarding recorded critical incidents to review proposed training and to provide traceability
between hazards and training.

In addition the job structure of the personnel operationally involved with modern
systems has diversified in direct proportion to the complexity of the technology. This has
fuelled the need for a formal approach. The task of training can be broken down into a
number of discrete components, each addressing a different part of the overall learning
process.
This breakdown is as follows:-Psycho-motor Skills Procedural Skills Knowledge
Transfer Communication Skills Colossal Thinking Attitude Learning Performance training.
The role of training analysis is to build a formal bridge between the available design
data and the training media and training objectives, in order to facilitate the transfer of
training elements into the operational environment.
It is necessary to determine the most suitable and cost-effective training media for the
different areas. There have been many different approaches defined however the system
approach to training has been the most successful. Training Needs Analysis (TNA) is defined
as the ―Identification of training requirements and the most cost effective means of meeting
those requirements.

Role of HR (HRM) in Garments

HRM includes the very Interesting phenomena that is HRD. Human resource
development (HRD) is phenomenal for the manufacturing and service industry. HRD deals
with up gradation of skills for labours and executives, planning and allocation of work,
monitoring and assessment of performance.

One of the most important tasks is upgrading the skills and knowledge of the human
resource from time to time in tandem with the development of technology and trade. This up
gradation is done through training and workshop/seminars.

Collectively, HRD activities result in increased productivity, reduced cost and

wastage, rightsizing of labor and staffs at the organization, organizational stability and
flexibility to adapt to future changes.

Culture

HR manager have responsibility under HRD to make OCTAPACE culture climate in

the organization.

O-Openness

C-Confrontation

T- Trust

A-Autonomy

P- Reactiveness

A- Authenticity

C- Collaboration

E- Experimentation
HRM in garments:

Garments are industry oriented field where lots of processes are there to carry out raw
material\fibers to finished garment. In this we have required technical skillful and motivated
peoples. For garments, a little bit differences in the scope, approach in HR concept, because
here peoples think differently, expect differently.

In garments, environment is different as compare to other origination or industry, here

more interaction to be carryout around 80% manager spend time in handling of human
resources. A very common problem always exist in every garments oriented that is conflict (
grievance) in intra department or in worker and management, so this HR(HRM) play as a tool
to resoles this problem efficiently.

The basic concept of HRM is to attract and retain the right person at right place in
right time with right remuneration. In garments HRM should appoint the skillful employ at
the right ,appropriate, correct place where HR express his capabilities ,because if we place
sensitive people at clothing production then he will face so many problems.

The garments industry had gone through a tough phase, but now garments industries
want to capture the global market, so they are thinking on overall improvement. Many issues
such as better productivity and production, infrastructure up gradation, social compliance,
and labor problems, coordination, customer relationship are still grappling the industry and
efforts at small levels towards the betterment of the existing scenario are on However, amidst
realization and solutions to all these problems, one necessary aspect - human resource
management ,which includes the human resource development - that can definitely help the
industry go a long way, has been left out.

Unloading
The raw cottons will be coming in bail forms weighing from 180Kgs to 200Kgs. The
raw cotton will be coming from Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh etc. The raw cotton will be carried
out carefully out to the god owns and from their each bail will be taken for cotton mixing and
for the production of yarn.
Scheduling Production department functions around a clock by day and night shifts. The
three shifts are
7:30AM
3:30PM - 3:30PM
11.30PM - 11:30PM
07:30AM Shifts constitutes of 8 hours including 1 hour break. So the industry works around
the clock day and night.

3.3 MARKETING DEPARTMENT

Marketing functions
The main function of the company is that to provide the best standard yarn to the
companies who needs, and so by that a better quality cloth can be produced. If better quality
yarn is produced then soon there will be a high demand and likewise there will be external
demand increased. And so the export also takes place.
By this huge revenue also will be got for the Government. The other main aim of the
marketing department is that if there is an order then soon without any delay the product
should be reached at hands of the customers.
✓ Developing marketing strategies
✓ Capturing marketing insights
✓ Connecting with customers
✓ Building strong brand image
✓ Delivering value to customers

Marketing Strategies of balaji Garments Industry

The readymade garments industry has been chosen for various reasons. Firstly it plays
an important role for its directly concerned to one of the basic needs of every citizen. The
garments industry operates in a highly complex environment.
Indian garments industries has been creating in a rapidly changing environment
particularly since mid-seventies.
It is therefore important to examine what the modern trend are being introduced by
the companies in their marketing strategies and cope with the changing environment because
this is a fashion age and everyone is concerned about the new fashion and wants the new test
specially the young generation.
Second reason to choose the ready-made garments industry is that the contribution of
the garments sector in the sphere of production, earning of foreign exchange and investment
in the Indian economy has been quite significant. Third, the functional performance of
majority of the garments sector that is in the private sector deserves a significant
consideration.
The profitability trends, working of garment units’ dependence of garments industries
on imports are some of the areas which have also been touched upon and lastly the leadership
role of garments sector in India as this is the second employment providing sector after
agriculture. The garments industry alone provides the major employment to the Indian citizen
as this sector is concerned to small scale industries sector.
Marketing is the process of developing and communicating value to your prospects and
customers.
Think about every step you take to sell service and manage your customers:
o Your knowledge of the market and your strategy to penetrate it
o The distribution channels you use to connect with your customers
o Your pricing strategy
o The messages you deliver to your market
o The look and feel of your marketing materials
o The experience you deliver to your market and customers
o The actions of your sales and service reps
o All of the planning, preparation, forecasting and measurement of your investments

From the diagram, the main components of a marketing plan can be summarized as:

Component of the plan Description

Mission statement A meaningful statement of the purpose and direction of the

business

Corporate objectives The overall business objectives that shape the marketing plan

Marketing audit The way the information for marketing planning is organised.
Assesses the situation of marketing in the business – the
products, resources, distribution methods, market shares,
competitors etc

Market analysis The markets the business is in (and targeting) – size , structure,
growth etc

SWOT analysis An assessment of the firm’s current position, showing the

strengths & weaknesses (internal factors) and opportunities and
threats (external factors)

Marketing objectives What the marketing function wants to achieve (consistent with
and strategies corporate objectives) and how it intends to do it (e.g. Ans off,
 Porter)

Marketing budget Usually a detailed budget for the next year and an outline budget
for the next 2-3 years

Action plan The detailed implementation plan

The Strategic Marketing Process organizes 29 marketing subjects into three categories:
 Observing how people shop, when they shop and where they purchase from is crucial
for determining future marketing strategies. In 2005, only half of the American populace
shopped online. By 2008, that number grew to 65 percent and continued to jump each
subsequent year.

This reality forced many retailers to expand their Internet presence by purchasing
more online advertising and not just advertising in fashion magazines. In addition, companies
were forced to improve or establish their e-stores to allow for convenient shopping.
Companies increasingly partner with member-only communities and other merchants to sell
product.

3.4 FINANCE DEPARTMENT

CAPITAL DETAILS

Authorized capital Paid-up Capital

5500000.00 5030800.00

balaji garments is Limited Liability Company with authorized capital Rs.5500000.00;

shareholders of balaji garments cannot sell or transfer their shares without offering them first
to other shareholders for purchase in company.

Inventory management
The main inventories in the company were raw cotton or cotton bales, spares and
loose tools. There is a chance of damages when the cotton rolls when stored for a long period
so they are carefully stored without getting wet and all.

TYPES OF ASSET & LIABILITY

ASSETS
✓ Free hold
✓ Lease hold
✓ Building
✓ Plant & machinery
✓ Electrical
✓ Furniture
✓ Office equipment’s
 ✓ Computers
✓ Vehicles
✓ Canteen
✓ Library

LIABILILITIES
✓ Current account
✓ Inter unit dues1.
✓ Loan from exporters
✓ Loan from bank
Liquidation, Merger & Acquisition

Fibre2fashion’s Liquidation, Merger & Acquisition service is to serve the balaji

Garments & Apparel Industry and financial institutions with strategic advisory services to
Buy & Sell Used Machinery and Plants (entire unit) in any part of the world at the best
prices.

For a manufacturing company, capacity expansion, asset liquidation and mergers

plays an important role for its growth and development. Our strong connectivity with the
entire garments & apparel value chain globally gives us an edge over others in delivering the
best of the services. We are closely associated with banks, financial institutions, assets
liquidation companies and other agencies to realize their dues by liquidation of their Non-
Performing Assets (NPAs). We have a team of experts and dedicated professionals
exclusively handling following services.

OUR SERVICE

Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) team of fibre2fashion delivers strategic advisory

services to companies in the global Garments/Apparel domain.

▪ Acquisitions
▪ Asset restructuring
▪ Institutional placement
▪ Leveraged buyouts & exclusive sales.

Asset Liquidation:
 • Buying or Selling of Used Garments Machinery: single equipment, entire unit or
complete facility with land, building etc. in India or any country of the world.
• Appraisal & Evaluation of assets as per the current market rate by experts.
• Online and offline marketing service for the exclusive mandate through display of
banners, mailers to target audience, print media and customized services.

CHAPTER – IV

4.1 SWOT ANALYSIS

Balaji Garments industry adds 14% to the industrial production and 8% to the GDP of
India. It provides employment to 38 million people and thus, is the second largest
employment provider after agriculture. This Garments Industry is one of the largest sources
of foreign exchange flow into the country with the apparel exports accounting for almost 21%
of the total exports of the country. A systematic swot analysis of the garments and apparel
industry indicates the following:-

Strength

➢ Skilled workforce
➢ Existing distribution and sales networks
➢ Reduced labor costs
➢ High growth rate
➢ Barriers of market entry

WEAKNESS

➢ Competitive market
➢ High loan rates are possible
OPPORTUNITIES

➢ New acquisitions
➢ Growth rates and profitability
➢ Global markets
➢ Income level is at a constant increase

THREATS

➢ Increasing rates of interest

➢ Tax changes
➢ Increase in labor costs
➢ Price changes

4.2 FINDINGS

❖ From the production department extends that the what types of product productivity
for this clothing mills.
❖ The research find out the marketing areas, Marketable goods sales, packing, cost level
etc.,
❖ From the personnel department explain that workers welfare and safety to the
Siddeswara clothing Mill.
❖ To findout the store level and stock position of the clothing mill.
❖ To know about the overall performance in this clothing mills.

4.3 SUGGESTIONS:

➢ Company should have a good generator or other power receiving options.

➢ Company should include some more young people.

➢ Each employee working in the company should know more about how to operate the

machineries and all in the company.

➢ The company provide flexible level of principles to the employees.

 ➢ The company maintain proper production inventory method.

➢ The training advantages assistants to every month of the employees.

4.4 CONCLUSION:-
From the Study of this company I understood the functions and features of the

company. This company is improving their quality, goodwill, market value and they are

giving job opportunity so many people. They are the strength of the company’s growth. In

fact we can see that the company has modernised its machineries and all and it’s the big

cotton mill industry in whole Salem. With all most modern facilities

The institutional training at balaji garments helped to have a good knowledge about

how a company operates and the consequent focuses relating to the business activities. In the

short span of training the company management provides me a good exposure to the working

and management work out in the detail run. It enhanced about plants production process in

details, which paved way for rich experience in plant supervision it also provide with

information regards the exports financial and human resources activities and documentation

in the balaji garments, which was new area entrance for me.

The training has helped to know the various delegation s that is found in the

organization and responds ability each delegates have the training has given a deep sense

of understanding how an organization takes efforts in bringing in product as an effective one

and how it can be good in competing with its competitors. The organizations growth decides

their tireless effort in bringing it up. The expansion and establishment of the organizations in

various places and in various forms denotes their financial efficiency and capabilities

BIBLIOGRAPHY

TEXT BOOKS
1. Research Methodology by C.R Kothari
2. Human Resource Management by Shashi K. Gupta
 3. SONTAKKI.C.N “Marketing Management” Kalian Publishers Reprint Edition
2009
4. Finance Management by Neethi Gupta

Website

www.garmentsindustries.in

www.balajiclothingindustries.com