Philippine-Literature in Eng - Module Midterm and Final

UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY
COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS AND SCIENCES

COMMUNICATION DEPARTMENT
ONLINE/MODULE COURSE GUIDE
PHILLIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
Enecita F. Arlos
Faculty-in-charge
COURSE ANALYSIS
Course Title: PHILLIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
Course Code: Philippine Literature in English (LIT 001)
Course Unit: 3 units
COURSE DESCRIPTION:
This course stresses the historical transition of Philippine Literature across various ethnic cultures from Pre-colonial times to present through representative compositions
of different genres ---- short stories, poetry, plays and essays for literary absorption. It employs reading strategies that will help students draw out insights and values and
appreciate the relevance of studying literature and culture to their lives and to the nation.
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
• Discover and dig into the richness of Philippine Literature that
contributes to the identity of Filipino people.
• Value the profusion of Philippine Literature prior to Colonization and analyze its inner values.
• Appreciate the creativity and influence of the contributions of local writers to the development of regional literary traditions. •
Apply Filipino values in communicating and dealing with different people in school and in the community.
• Read and analyze the political and national message of the writers from Colonization Period to the contemporary. • Practice Patriotism
and Love for the country through participating in the campaign advocacy that shows the attributes of Filipino people. • Choose an
appropriate multimedia format in interpreting a literary text.
Impart this knowledge to future students including the strategies in teaching Literature to the young technology-driven generation today.
COURSE OUTLINE:
Module 1: Definition, Importance and Kinds of Literature
Module 2: History of Philippine Literature
Module 3: Philippine Folk Literature: Folk Narratives, Folktale, Folk Speech, Folk Songs
Module 4: Colonial period
Module 5: Drama: Elements, Classification, Techniques in Reading Drama
Module 6: Non-Fiction: Narrative Non-Fiction
Module 7: Literature under the Spanish Colonial Period
Module 8 : Rizal and His Contemporaries (Jose Rizal ,Marcelo Del Pilar, Andres Bonifacio)
Module 9: Literature under the American Colonial Period: The Beginning of Philippine Literature in English
Module 10: Contemporary Literature- Regional Literature: Contemporary Poetry.

Module 11: 21st Century Philippine Literature: 21st Century Filipino authors and Their works.
Module 12: Modern Theater Play

DESIRED COURSE TEXTBOOK TEACHING AND ASSESSME RESOURCE MATERIAL TIME TABLE
LEARNING CONTENT/ S/ LEARNING ACTIVITIES NT TASK
OUTCOMES SUBJECT REFERENC (TLAs) (ATs)
MATTER ES
At the end of the

module, the
students can:
WEEK 1 • Course *Lecture • Lecture 3 HOURS

Orientation
A) Define LESSON I • Discussion • Recitatio • Power Point Presentation 3 HOURS

literature in n
their own • Introduction • Oral
perspective to exam
based on the Literature
• Definition of

culture they Literature
have.
A) Identify the LESSON II • Discussion • Recitatio • Power Point Presentation 3 HOURS

first people n
who have • History of • Oral
introduced Philippine exam
literature to Literature.
mankind. • Pre-colonial
Literature
Philippine
Folk
Literature.
A) Appreciate LESSON III • Discussion • Recitatio • Power Point Presentation 3 HOURS

the different n
traditional • Folk • Oral
literature Narratives exam
enriched by its Folklore
origination our (Alamat/
country has
that have Legend)
become part • Folktale
of our cultural (Kuwentong
identity as bayan/ Myth/
Filipinos. Superstitious
beliefs)-
Fable, Fairy
tale
• Folk Speech
Riddle
(Bugtong),

Proverbs
(Salawikain)
• Folk Songs
Folk ballad
A) LESSON IV • Discussion • Recitatio • Power Point Presentation 6 HOURS
• Colonial n
Period • Oral
Poetry - exam
Fiction
• Elements of
Poetry
Techniques in
Reading
Poetry
• Short Story
Elements of a
short story.
A) LESSON V • Discussion • Recitatio • Power Point Presentation 6 HOURS

n
• Drama • Oral
Elements of exam
Drama,
Classification
s of Drama,
Techniques in
Reading

Drama,
Figures of
Speech
• Novels
WEEK 9 - MIDTERM EXAMINATION 3 HOURS

A) LESSON VI • Discussion • Recitatio • Power Point Presentation 6 HOURS
n
• Non-Fiction • Oral
Narrative exam
Non-fiction
• Essay
Elements of
Essay, Types
of Essay
• Biography/
Autobiograph
y
• Speeches
A) LESSON VII • Discussion • Recitatio • Power Point Presentation 3 HOURS

n
• Literature • Oral
under the exam
Spanish
Colonial
Period
A) LESSON VIII • Discussion • Recitatio • Power Point Presentation 3 HOURS

• Rizal and his n
contempor • Oral
ari exam
es- Selected
works of
Rizal,
Selected
works of Del
Pilar,
Selected
works of
Bonifacio.
A) LESSON IX • Discussion • Recitatio • Power Point Presentation 3 HOURS

• Literature n
under the • Oral
American exam
Colonial
Period
• The
Beginning of
Philippine
Literature in
English
A) LESSON X • Discussion • Recitatio • Power Point Presentation 3 HOURS

n
• Contemporar • Oral
y exam
Literature
Regional
Literature

• Contemporar
y Poetry.
A) LESSON XI • • • 3 HOURS
• 21st Century
Philippine
Literature
21st Century
Filipino
authors and
their works
• Poems
Fliptop,
Spoken Word
Poetry
• Transformati
on of
Novels
to Films
A) LESSON XII • • • 3 HOURS
• Modern
Theater Play
FINAL EXAMINATION 3 HOURS
SAMPLE COURSE SUGGESTED TOOLS:

Facebook Closed Group Page
Google Forms
Group Messenger
Reference Links
Facebook Closed Group Page – For discussion forum
MIDTERM:
Module 1: Definition, Importance and Kinds of Literature
The study or appreciation of literature is very interesting and helpful to learners for many reasons.
• Literature in English involves the reading and analysis of written materials of different kinds, including fiction and nonfiction written works in English. • According to
Oxford Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary, “Literature can be defined as ‘pieces of writing that are valued as works of art, especially novels and poems”. • According to
Merriam Webster’s Dictionary and Thesaurus, ‘Literature is the body of written works produced in a language, country, or age, or the body of writings on a subject (scientific,
art, etc.’.
Based on the previous definition, we can generally define the Literature as "Anybody of written works that is written and produced in any country, language, or age for a specific
purpose such as information, education or entertainment to the reader, which can be fictional or non-fictional in nature.”
IMPORTANCE OF LITERATURE (Shimmer Chinodya, 1992:36)

Reading and studying Literature in very important for various reasons as outlined below:
• Literature improves your command of language

• It teaches you about the life, cultures and experiences of people in other parts of the world.
• It gives you information about other parts of the world which you may never be able to visit in your lifetime.
• It entertains you and provides useful occupation in your free time.
• It makes you a wiser and more experienced person by forcing you to judge, sympathize with, or criticize the characters you read about. •
It helps you compare your own experiences with the experiences of other people
• It gives information which may be useful in other subjects, for example, in Geography, Science, History, Social Studies, and so on.
KINDS OF LITERATURE
Generally, Literature is divided into two (2) kinds, namely, Fictional and Non-Fictional Literature.
• Fictional Literature is imaginary composed writing or work of art that is meant to provide information, education and entertainment to the reader. In other words, fictional
literature is based on the writer's imagination rather than reality.
• Non - fictional Literature is factual writing or written work that is gives facts that can be proved as it provides real places, events, characters, times or reality rather than
imaginary things.
Activity 1: Draw some pictures that will connect what literature is all about and write a short description.
Activity 2: Connect words related to kinds of literature

FICTION NON-FICTION
Module 2: HISTORY OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE
Philippine Literature- is literature associated with the Philippines from prehistory, through its colonial legacies, and on to the present.
Pre-Hispanic Philippine literature was epics passed on from generation to generation, originally through an oral tradition. However, wealthy families, especially in Mindanao,
were able to keep transcribed copies of these epics as family heirloom. One such was the Darangen, an epic of the Maranaos.
Francisco Arcellana
• Francisco Arcellana was proclaimed National Artist of the Philippines in Literature on June 23, 1990 by then Philippine President Corazon C. Aquino. In 2009, or seven
years after his death, his family came out with a book to pay tribute to National Artist for Literature Arcellana.
Leona Florentino
• Leona Florentino (born Leona JosefaFlorentina, 19 April 1849 - 4 October 1884) was a Filipino poet in the Spanish and Ilocano languages. She is considered as the "mother
of Philippine women's literature" and the "bridge from oral to literary tradition".
PRE- COLONIAL PERIOD
Consisted of early Filipino literature passed down orally, oral pieces have a communal authorship - it was difficult to trace the original author of the piece since oral literature did
not focus on ownership or copyright, rather on the act of storytelling itself
Many oral pieces became lost in the wave of the new literary influence brought about by the Spanish colonization, however, according to the Philippine Literature: A History &
Anthology, English Edition (Lumbera, B. &Lumbera C.), the pre-colonial period of Philippine literature is considered the longest in the country's history.
Literature in this period is based on tradition, reflecting daily life activities such as housework, farming, fishing, hunting, and taking care of the children as well Oral pieces told
stories which explain heroes and their adventures, they attempted to explain certain natural phenomena, and, at the same time, served as entertainment purposes
Pre-colonial literature showed certain elements that linked the Filipino culture to other Southeast Asian countries (eg, oral pieces which were performed through a tribal dance
have certain similarities to the Malay dance)
This period in Philippine literature history represented the ethos of the people before the arrival of a huge cultural influence - literature as a cultural tradition, then a form of art that
had a set of decorum.
Task 1: Complete the table below and give information about Pre-Colonial Period by searching or reading other references about Philippine
Literature in English
Period Theme Language Literary Type Authors/Works
Module 3: PHILIPINE FOLK LITERATURE: FOLK NARRATIVES, FOLKTALE, FOLK SPEECH, FOLK SONGS
Philippine folk literature- refers to the traditional oral literature of the Filipino people. Thus, the scope of the field covers the ancient folk literature of the Philippines' various
ethnic groups, as well as various pieces of folklore that have evolved since the Philippines became a single ethno-political unit.
While the difference between Philippine folk literature and Philippine mythology is a fine one, this article distinguishes folk literature as the source from which Philippine
mythology derives.
Folk Narratives- Folklore (Alamat/Legend)

Folk narratives can either be in prose - the alamat (myth), the legend, and the kuwentong bayan (folktale) - or in verse, as in the case of the folk narrative.
It is a story passed by mouth rather that writings.
DamianaLigon Eugenio
• DamianaLigon Eugenio (September 27, 1921 – October 10, 2014) was a Filipino female author and professor who was known as the Mother of Philippine Folklore, a title
she received in 1986.
Legend
• Comes from Latin word Lagenda which means ‘things to be read’.

• It is a narrative of human actions that are perceived both teller and listeners to take place within human history and to possess certain qualities that give the tale
verisimilitude.
• Legends are used as a source of folklore providing historical information regarding the culture and views of a specific legend’s native civilization.
One of the greatest legends in the Phillipines is the story of Maria Makiling. Maria Makiling is a diwata or lambana (goddess, fairy or forest nymph) Maria Makiling is the
guardian spirit of the Mount Makiling,responsible for protecting its bounty and thus, is also a benefactor for the townspeople who depend on the mountain's resources.
Folktale
• Is a tale or legend originating and traditional among a people or folk, especially one forming part of the oral tradition of the common people. Any belief or story passed on
traditionally, especially one considered to be false or based on superstition.
Example author: E. Arsenio Manuel

• He was a Philippine academic, historian, and anthropologist best known for his contributions to Philippine anthropology, history, literature, and linguistics. He is sometimes
referred to as the "Dean of Filipino Anthropology" and "Father of Philippine Folklore."
Myth
• is a folklore genre consisting of narratives or stories that play a fundamental role in a society, such as foundational tales or origin myths? The main characters in myths are
usually gods, demigods or supernatural humans.
• The word myth comes from Ancient Greek (mythos), meaning ‘speech, narrative, fiction, myth, plot'.
There are two significant sources of Philippine mythologies, namely: oral literature and written literature.
• Oral literature (also known as folk literature) are stories that have been or still are being passed down from one generation to another through oral means such as verbal
communication.
• Written literature is oral literature that have been put in physical record such as manuscripts or publications.
The famous example of Myth in Philippine Literature is the story of Malakas and Maganda.
Fable
• is a narrative form, usually featuring animals that behave and speak as human beings, told in order to highlight human follies and weaknesses? A moral—or lesson for
behaviour—is woven into the story and often explicitly formulated at the end.
Characteristics of a Fable
• Fables are fiction.

• Fables are short and have few characters.
• Characters are often animals with human attributes. They have strengths and weaknesses and are in some sort of conflict.
• Fables are just one story.
• The setting can be anywhere.
• A lesson or moral is taught and is sometimes stated at the end of the story.
The famous Fable in Philippine Literature is the story of The Monkey and the Turtle.
Folk Speech
Folk speech includes the bugtong (riddle) and the salawikain (proverbs).
• refers to the dialect, or style of speaking, unique to people living within ageographic area. The folk speech of an area may be differentiated from other regions by variation
in grammatical, phonetic (pronunciation and lexical word usage features.
Folk Speech: Proverbs
• are traditional sayings or maxims used by Filipinos based on local culture, wisdom, and philosophies of Filipino life. The word proverb corresponds to be Tagalog words
salawikain kasabihan (saying) and sawikain.
• . Filipino proverbs echoes the Filipino values, even though they have been retold and passed from one generation to another, the values and the lessons they impart to us
still holds truth to these days.
Folk Speech: Riddles
• The riddle (bugtong) is a form of guessing game that has been a part of the folklore of most cultures from ancient times.
• a mystifying, misleading, or puzzling question posed as a problem to be solved or guessed.
• These are made up of one or more measured lines with rhymes and may consist of four to 12 syllables.
• When told in the native Tagalong language, the riddles employ many poetic devices. They usually rhyme and they often rely on simile and metaphor to offer clues. The
riddles tend to be one or two lines and refer to a specific object.
Folk Songs
• Folk songs are becoming widespread in the Philippines. Each region had its national song from the lowlands to the mountains of Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao. •
Folk songs truly manifest the artistic feelings of the Filipinos. They show the Filipinos’ innate appreciation for love and beauty.
• The examples are: Leron-leronsinta, Pamulinawen, Dandansoy, Sarong Banggi and Atin Cu Pungsingsing.
Activity 3. 1: Complete the table below based on Lesson 3

Authors/Bibliography Writings Language Literary Type Theme
Activity 2: Follow the instructions carefully
• Form into 4 groups and give an example of the following: Legend, Folktale, Folk Speech and Folk Songs. • Each
group must perform their chosen pieces after the lesson in class or submit using messenger or in Facebook. • The
performance must not exceed at least 5-10 minutes
• Ready for a quiz next meeting:
3.2 Test
Direction: Write the correct answer in your answer sheet and write the letter only.
A. Multiple Choice
• Legend comes from a Latin word Lagenda which means?

A. Things to be read
B. Things to be kept
C. Things to narrate
D. Things to do
• She was a Filipino female author and professor who was known as the Mother of Philippine Folklore?
A. Gabriela Silang
B. Leona Florentino
C. Damiana Ligon Eugenio
• It refers to the traditional oral literature of the Filipino people.
A. Arts and Literature
B. Philippine folk literature
C. Philippine Literature
• It is a narrative of human actions that are perceived both teller and listeners to take place within human history and to possess certain qualities that give the tale verisimilitude. A.
Noble
B. Myth
C. Epic
D. Legend
• Folk Speech includes ____ and _____
A. Prose and poem
B. Riddles and speech
D. Proverbs and Prose
D. Riddles and Proverb
6. Is a form of guessing game that has been a part of the folklore of most cultures from ancient times.
A. Legend
B. Riddle
C. Guessing game
D. Fiction
7. Are traditional sayings or maxims used by Filipinos based on local culture, wisdom, and philosophies of Filipino life.
A. Proverbs
B. Phrase
C. Riddle
D. Fable
8. He is sometimes referred to as the "Dean of Filipino Anthropology" and "Father of Philippine Folklore."
A. Francisco Balagtas
B. Bob Ong
C. E. Arsenio Manuel
D. Jose Rizal
9. Give the significant sources of Philippine Mythologies.
A. Oral Literature & Written Literature

B. Oral Literature & Speak Literature
C. Written Literature & Narrative
D. Narrative and Oral Literature
B. Enumeration
10-15Give at least 5 characteristics of Fable
Module 4: Colonial period

• It is an accepted belief that the Spanish colonization of the Philippines started in 1565 during the time of Miguel Lopez de Legazpi, the first Spanish governor general in the
Philippines. Literature started to flourish during this time.
• Due to the long period of colonization of the Philippines by the Spaniards, they have exerted a strong influence on our literature.
• Literature in this period may be classified as religious prose and poetry and secular prose and poetry.
Spanish influences on the Philippine Literature
• The first Filipino alphabet called “Alibata” was replaced by the Roman Alphabet.
• The teaching of Christian Doctrine became the basis of religious practices.
• The Spanish language which became the literary language during this time lent many of its words to our language.
• European legends and traditions brought here became assimilated in our songs, corridos and moro moros
• Ancient literature was collected and translated to Tagalog and other dialects.
• Many grammar books were printed in Filipinos, like Tagalog,Ilocano and Visayan.
• Our periodicals during these times gained a religious tone.
Fiction
• It comes from Latin word fictiō, which means “the act of making, fashioning, or molding”.
• In literature, Fiction is created from the imagination, not presented as fact, though it may be based on a true story or situation. Types of literature in the fiction genre include
the novel, short story, and novella.
ELEMENTS OF FICTION
• Generally, fiction is any form of literature that tells about imaginary invented, made up or unreal people, places, or events. Short stories, novels, and folk tales are kinds of
fiction.
• A short story is a short fictional prose narrative built on a plot that includes the basic situation, complications, climax, and resolution.
• In contrast, a Novel is a long fictional story that uses all the elements of storytelling, namely, plot, character, setting, theme, and point of view. • Oral or traditional
literature has some form of stories often told by word of mouth from generation to generation such as folk tales, legends, and myths which have now been written down as
stories for us to read.
Poetry
• A type of literature based on the interplay of words and rhythm. It often employs rhyme and meter (a set of rules governing the number and arrangement of syllables in
each line). In poetry, words are strung together to form sounds, images, and ideas that might be too complex or abstract to describe directly. • Poetry can be defined as
'literature in a metrical form' or 'a composition forming rhythmic lines'.
• a poem is something that follows a flow of rhythm and meter.
• Compared to prose, where there is no such restriction, and the content of the piece flows according to story, a poem may or may not have a story, but has a structured
method of writing
Elements of Poetry
• Rhythm- This is the music made by the statements of the poem, which includes the syllables in the lines. The best method of understanding this is to read the poem aloud
and understand the stressed and unstressed syllables.
• Meter- This is the basic structural make-up of the poem. Every line in the poem must adhere to this structure. A poem is made up of blocks of lines, which convey a single
strand of thought. Within those blocks, a structure of syllables which follow the rhythm must be included. This is the meter or the metrical form of poetry. • Stanza: Stanza in
poetry is defined as a smaller unit or group of lines or a paragraph in a poem. A stanza has a specific meter, rhyme scheme, etc. Based on the number of lines, stanzas are
named as couplet (2 lines), Tercet (3 lines), Quatrain (4 lines), Cinquain (5 lines), Sestet (6 lines), Septet (7 lines), Octave (8 lines). • Rhyme: A poem may or may not have a
rhyme. When you write poetry that has rhyme, it means that the last words or sounds of the lines match with each other in some form. Rhyme is basically similar sounding
words like 'cat' and 'hat', 'close' and 'shows', 'house' and 'mouse', etc. Free verse poetry, though, does not follow this system.
• Theme- This is what the poem is all about. The theme of the poem is the central idea that the poet wants to convey. It can be a story, or a thought, or a description of
something or someone; anything that the poem is about.
• Imagery- is also one of the important elements of a poem. This device is used by the poet for readers to create an image in their imagination. Imagery appeals to all the five
senses. For e.g., when the poet describes, the flower is bright red', an image of a red flower is immediately created in the reader's mind.
Techniques for Reading Poetry Aloud
• Understand the Language- There is nothing worse than listening to a Poetry performance where the reader lacks conviction of the piece. Belief in the message alone is not
enough. Understanding the very words of the poem is crucial. How can a performer properly interpret and express the needed emotion without fully grasping what the text
means? And if there is any doubt or confusion there is also the chance of it appearing on the performer's face. Thus, if there are any words which are confusing or not
understood, grab a dictionary and figure out the definition.
• Read Slowly- People often rush through a speech when in front of others due to nervousness. This is a flaw that should never enter into a Poetry piece. A competitor should
constantly remember to breath, relax, and remind themselves that what is often considered an average pace while speaking is typically too fast. This is particularly true
when speaking in verse. Be vigilant and listen to the verse being delivered and ask, “is this too quick?” The best way to get timing regulated is to practice with a coach, or
another set of ears, and ask for criticism.
• Find a Rhythm Through Punctuation- Every poem has a specific meter which the poet has instilled with every foot, through every line, and in every stanza of the piece.
There is a rhythm embedded within the poem that becomes unleashed when read aloud. Poets understand the musicality of language. Give appropriate weight, or non
weight, to the punctuation (such as a comma having a longer pause than perhaps an ellipsis or colon) and rhythm will become apparent.
• Interpretation- Understanding what a poem means is critical for understanding how to read it aloud. Look at the language, style, diction, punctuation, author’s intent,
historical context and more to decipher what the poem means. No interpretation means a shallow presentation of poetry.
• Avoid Being Monotonously Melodic- Though poetry comes with a built-in rhythm, this does not mean a reader is exempt from being trapped in the mode of reciting in a
sing-song style. Meaning: the vocal interpretation of the piece can become predictable and void of feeling.
Short Story: Definition and Elements

Short Story
• is a work of short, narrative prose that is usually centered around one single event. It is limited in scope and has an introduction, body and conclusion. Although a short
story has much in common with a novel, it is written with much greater precision.
• A short story is a short work of fiction. Fiction, as you know, is prose writing about imagined events and characters. Prose writing differs from poetry in that it does not
depend on verses, meters or rhymes for its organization and presentation.
Elements of a Short Story:
• Characters- A character is a person, or sometimes even an animal, who takes part in the action of a short story or other literary works. • Setting-The setting of a short story
is the time and place in which it happens. Authors often use descriptions of landscape, scenery, buildings, seasons or weather to provide a strong sense of setting.
• Plot- is a series of events and character actions that relate to the central conflict.
• Conflict- The conflict is a struggle between two people or things in a short story. The main character is usually on one side of the central conflict. On the other side,
the main character may struggle against another important character, against the forces of nature, against society, or even against something inside himself or herself
(feelings, emotions, illness).
• Theme- is the central idea or belief in a short story.
Activity 1: Follow the instructions carefully:
• Form into 5 groups. Each group will be given a piece to read.

• Each group must select their representative to present the piece in front of the class, it depends in your techniques on how to deliver it properly , example poetry. •
The groups will decide on how they are going to be creative for their representative.
• After each performance, each group must grade the performer based on the given criteria:
Creativity: 25
Delivery: 25
Interpretation: 25
Audience impact: 25
Total: 100
Here is the piece “ I Am a Filipino “ By Dali Soriano
I Am a Filipino
Dali Soriano
I am a Filipino I am proud to be one.
My black hair and brown skin perfectly baked by sun.
I live happily with my parents.
Brothers, sisters - we are one.
Lolo, lola, uncles, and aunts.
On fiestas we have fun.
I play Filipino games - Sipa, taguan,
palosebo. I love Filipino food; my favorite is
adobo.
I kiss the hand of my elders, to say goodbye or
hello. This makes me a Filipino.
Polite, respectful, and true.
Who is the Filipino/child in the poem?
What is the color of the child's hair?
What is the color of the child's skin?
Who is living with the child?
What does the child like to play?
What is the child's favorite food?
How does the child show respect to the
elders? What can you say about the child?
How do Filipinos show respect to their elders?
LESSON 4
Direction: Write the correct answer by writing the letter only.

A. Multiple Choice
1. When did the Spanish Colonization started in the Philippines?
A. 1556
B.1565
C. 1656
D. 1500
2. What is the first Filipino alphabet that was replaced by the Roman Alphabet?
A. Baybayin
B. Sculpture
C.Alibata
D.Sinakulo
3. It comes from Latin word fiction, which means?
A. To do what is required to do.

B. The act of telling something the truth.
C. The act of making, fashioning, or molding.
4. It Is a type of literature based on the interplay of words and rhythm. It often employs rhyme and meter.
A. Poetry
B. Prose
C. Poem
D. Text
5.It is a work of short, narrative prose that is usually centered around one single event.
A. Parable
B. Fable
C. Novel
D. Short Story
B. Enumeration. Enumerate by choosing the letter of the correct answer at the box.
6-10. Give the Elements of a Short Story
11-17. Give the elements of a Poetry
A. Figurative E. Conflict I. Symbol M. Patience

Language
B. Style F. Meter J. Setting N. Theme
C. Plot G. Character K. Attitude O. Action
D. Imagery H. Theme L. Rhyme and Rhythm P. Posture
Module 5: DRAMA: Elements, Classification, Techniques in Reading Drama

Drama
• is a mode of fictional representation through dialogue and performance. It is one of the literary genres, which is an imitation of some action. Drama is also a type of a play
written for theater, television, radio, and film.
• a composition in verse or prose presenting a story in pantomime or dialogue. It contains conflict of characters, particularly the ones who perform in front of audience on the
stage.
• The person who writes drama for stage directions is known as a “dramatist” or “playwright.”
Elements of Drama
The elements of drama, by which dramatic works can be analyzed and evaluated, can be categorized into three major areas:
• LITERARY ELEMENTS
-Literary elements include story line (plot), character, story organization (beginning, middle, end), plot structures (rising action, turning point, falling action), conflict,
suspense, theme, language, style, dialogue, monologue.
• TECHNICAL ELEMENTS
-Technical elements include scenery(set), costumes, props, lights, sound, music, makeup.
• PERFORMANCE ELEMENTS
-Performance elements include acting (e.g., character motivation and analysis, empathy), speaking (breath control, vocal expression and inflection, projection, speaking
style, diction), and nonverbal expression (gestures, body alignment, facial expression, character blocking, movement).
Types of drama in literature
There are four main forms of drama. They are comedy, tragedy, tragicomedy and melodrama. All these types have the common characteristics of drama genre; they are, plot,
characters, conflict, music and dialogue.
• Comedy- is a type of drama that aims to make the audience laugh. Its tone is light, and it mostly has a happy ending. Such tradition came from the Ancient Greek theatre,
where comedy first emerged as a form of drama. Comedy could be further divided into subcategories, for example, dramatic irony, farce, sarcasm, black comedy, etc. Each
type of comedy has its own audience. Interestingly, such preferences may also depend on the cultural background of people.
• Tragedy- Murders, deaths, insanity, and pain are among the most common ideas in tragedies. Main characters usually have weakness or defect that causes their downfall.
Tragedy first appeared in the theatre of Ancient Greece. Like comedy, it lived through Roman Empire, Medieval times, Renaissance and other eras. Aristotle believed that
the main characteristic of tragedy was the change of fortunes of the main character because of his flaws. The philosopher also believed that such drama has to implant a
feeling of fear and pity in the audience.
• Tragicomedy- is a special kind of drama that combines the features of tragedy and comedy. It means that such play may be sad but will have a happy ending, or it may be
serious with some elements of humor emerging throughout the whole play.
Unlike comedy and tragedy, tragicomedy emerged a bit later, in the times of Roman Empire. Roman dramatist Plautus was the first to write a tragicomedy and to use the
term. In his play Amphitryon, he used the lightheartedness of comedy but chose gods and kings as the main characters. This was quite revolutionary of him. • Melodrama-
is the last one of the four types of drama. It is a kind of drama in which everything is hyperbolized. Usually, themes depicted in melodramas are simple and without any
unpredictable plot twists. There are quite a lot of stereotypes in such dramas. However, the main point of a melodrama is not to tell a story but to awaken feelings in the
audience. They are mostly love stories with beautiful heroines, charming heroes and scary villains.
Melodrama originated much later than comedy, tragedy, and tragicomedy. It first appeared in France at the end of the 18th century. Later, it reached Britain and became one of the
most popular types of drama in the 19th century.
Particularly, the 19th century was the period when theatre was the most popular kind of entertainment and was visited by vast number of people. This is since in those times,
theaters became available for common people. As melodrama was aimed at this layer of society, it became immensely popular. The influence of melodrama on society was so great
that it lived to our days and even penetrated other areas of literature and entertainment.
Techniques in Reading the Drama
• Preview the drama by reading the title, characters and narrator. Read any background information provided.
• Read drama once for overall meaning.
• Visualize the characters. What does the person look like? How do they sound? How do they deliver each line?
• Contemplate the setting to have a clear understanding of the story's time and place. Try to imagine the sets (scenery and props) as costumes. •
Clarify words and phrases about which you are unsure about by looking for context clues.
• Sit in the Director’s Chair to visualize the play. You need to think like the director to truly appreciate the dramatic literature, the set and the movement. •
Evaluate the drama's theme by asking what message is the play trying to send or help you understand? Does it relate to your life in any way?
NOVEL
• an invented prose narrative of considerable length and a certain complexity that deals imaginatively with human experience, usually through a connected sequence of
events involving a group of persons in a specific setting.
• The novel is a genre of fiction.
• The term novel is a truncation of the Italian word novella (from the plural of Latin novellus, a late variant of novus, meaning “new”). •
The components of novel is similar to the story, it has characters, settings, plot and theme.
• The most popular novel in the Philippines is the El Filibusterismo and Noli Me Tangere which were written by Dr. Jose Rizal during the Spanish Colonial Period.
Activity 1:
• On a whole sheet of paper, the student must write the summary of the drama they have read or watch.
• They must write the summary in accordance to the Literary Elements of the Drama: Characters, Settings, Plot, etc. •
They must also answer the questions below:
• Who were the main characters in the story? Where is the setting of the story?
• What is the type of drama that you have read?

• What is the most important lesson that this drama taught you?
LESSON 5: EXAMINATION
A. Multiple Choice
1. An invented prose narrative of considerable length and a certain complexity that deals imaginatively with human experience, usually through a connected sequence of events
involving a group of persons in a specific setting.
A. Novel
B. Essay
C. Drama
D. Poem
2. It is a type of drama that aims to make the audience laugh. Its tone is light, and it mostly has a happy ending.
A. Tragedy
B. Tragicomedy
C. Comedy
D. Drama
3. It is a mode of fictional representation through dialogue and performance. It is one of the literary genres, which is an imitation of some action.
A. Novel
B. Drama
C. Comedy
D. Theatre
4.The person who writes drama for stage directions is known as?
A. Writer
B. Director
C. Author
D. Playwright or Dramatist
5-8. What are the 3 Elements of Drama?
8-10. Give the 4 types of Drama
FINAL TERM:
Module 6 : Non-Fiction: Narrative Non-Fiction

Non-fiction
• is any document or content that purports in good faith to represent truth and accuracy regarding information, events, or people. •
Nonfiction content may be presented either objectively or subjectively and may sometimes take the form of a story.
• Common literary examples of nonfiction include expository, argumentative, functional, and opinion pieces; essays on art or literature; biographies; memoirs;
journalism; and historical, scientific, technical, or economic writings (including electronic ones), Journals, photographs, textbooks, travel books, blueprints,
and diagrams.
Types of Non-Fiction
When you think of nonfiction, the new biography on sale or a story you have read in the daily newspaper might come to mind. Nonfiction can take the shape
of essays, documentaries, encyclopedias, textbooks, and many more formats. Even though the way in which nonfiction is presented may differ, it normally gets
grouped into four types.
• Narrative Writing- This type of nonfiction tells a true story about a person, event, or place. Sometimes this kind of nonfiction can be written in the first
person, but it always involves some research on the writer’s part.
-It is often called Creative Non-Fiction. One of the best examples of this is the Autobiography.
• Expository Writing- The purpose of this type of nonfiction writing is to explain or inform a reader about a certain topic. With expository writing, the reader
may or may not have prior knowledge about the topic being discussed, so research is central to successfully executing expository nonfiction. - It is
sometimes called Academic Writing. Example of this is newspaper and manuals, etc.
• Persuasive Writing- With persuasive writing, the writer takes a position on an issue and argues for his or her side or against an opposing side. The writer
will use facts and information to support his or her own argument while trying to influence his readers’ opinions. Normally, this kind of writing takes the form
of an op-ed piece or editorial in the newspaper.
• Descriptive Writing- Descriptive nonfiction employs all five senses to help the reader get a visual of what the writer is trying to describe. Sensory language,
rich details, and figurative language are methods used to achieve good descriptive nonfiction.
Narrative Non-Fiction
Narrative nonfiction, also known as creative nonfiction or literary nonfiction, is a true story written in the style of a fiction novel. The narrative nonfiction
genre contains factual prose that is written in a compelling way—facts told as a story. While the emphasis is on the storytelling itself, narrative nonfiction must
remain as accurate to the truth as possible.
The primary goal of the narrative nonfiction writer is to communicate information, like a reporter, but to shape it in a way that reads like fiction.
Some iconic narrative nonfiction stories include:
• In Cold Blood by Truman Capote.

• Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas by Hunter S. Thompson.
• Slouching Toward Bethlehem by Joan Didion.
• Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil by John Berendt.
• The Right Stuff by Tom Wolfe.
ESSAY: Elements and Types
Essay
• The word ‘essay’ is derived from a Latin word ‘exagium’, which roughly translates to presenting one’s case.
• An essay is generally a short piece of writing outlining the writer’s perspective or story. It is often considered synonymous with a story or a paper or an
article. Essays can be formal as well as informal.
Elements of an Essay
• Introduction
This is the first paragraph of your essay. This is where the writer introduces his topic for the very first time. You can give a very brief synopsis of your essay
in the introductory paragraph. Some paragraph writing skills can be a help here. Generally, it is not very long, about 4-6 lines. There is plenty of scopes to
get creative in the introduction of essays. This will ensure that you hook the reader, i.e. draw and keep his attention. So, to do so you can start with a quote
or a proverb. Sometimes you can even start with a definition. Another interesting strategy to engage with your reader is to start with a question.
• Body
This is the main crux of your essays. The body is the meat of your essay sandwiched between the introduction and the conclusion. So, the most vital and
important content of the essay will be here. This need not be confined to one paragraph. It can extend to two or more paragraphs according to the content.
Usually, we have a lot of information to provide in the body. And the mistakes writers generally make is to go about it in a haphazard manner which leaves
the reader confused. So it is important to organize your thoughts and content. Write the information in a systematic flow so that the reader can comprehend.
So, for example, you were narrating an incident. The best manner to do this would be to go in a chronological order.
• Conclusion
This is the last paragraph of the essay. Sometimes a conclusion will just mirror the introductory paragraph but make sure the words and syntax are different.
A conclusion is also a great place to sum up a story or an argument. You can round up your essay by providing some moral or wrapping up a story. Make
sure you complete your essays with the conclusion, leave no hanging threads.
Types of Essays
The type of essay will depend on what the writer wants to convey to his reader. There are broadly four types of essays:
• Narrative Essays: This is when the writer is narrating an incident or story through the essay. These are in the first person. The aim when writing narrative
essays is to involve the reader in them as if they were right there when it was happening. Make them as vivid and real as possible. One way to make this
possible is to follow the principle of ‘show, don’t tell’. You must involve the reader in the story.
• Descriptive Essays: Here the writer will describe a place, an object, an event or maybe even a memory. But it is not just plainly describing things. The writer
must paint a picture through his words. One clever way to do that is to evoke the senses of the reader. Do not only rely on sight but also involve the other
senses of smell, touch, sound etc. A descriptive essay when done well will make the reader feel the emotions the writer was feeling now.
• Expository Essays: In such an essay a writer presents a balanced study of a topic. To write such an essay, the writer must have real and extensive knowledge
about the subject. There is no scope for the writer’s feelings or emotions in an expository essay. It is completely based on facts, statistics, examples etc. There
are sub-types here like contrast essays, cause and effect essays etc.
• Persuasive Essays: Here the purpose of the essay is to get the reader to your side of the argument. A persuasive essay is not just a presentation of facts but
an attempt to convince the reader of the writer’s point of view. Both sides of the argument must presented in these essays. But the ultimate aim is to persuade
the readers that the writer’s argument carries more weight.
Tips for Essay Writing

• Give your essays an interesting and appropriate title. It will help draw the attention of the reader and pique their curiosity •
Keep it between 300-500 words. This is the ideal length; you can take creative license to increase or decrease it.
• Keep your language simple and crisp. Unnecessary complicated and difficult words break the flow of the sentence.
• Do not make grammar mistakes, use correct punctuation and spellings. If this is not done it will distract the reader from the content • Before beginning
the essay organize your thought and plot a rough draft. This way you can ensure the story will flow and not be an unorganized mess.
Biography Autobiography
• the story of a person’s life • the story of one’s own life

• generally written by a person who • generally written by (or with the help
did an in-depth of) the subject matter
• study of someone else’s life • usually written in first person
• Can be written with or without the • based on facts about the subject’s
consent of the subject life
• based on facts about the subject’s • Can also include the subject’s
life is usually written in third thoughts and feelings about the
person's objective events in their life
• Has the purpose of informing the • subjective
audience • Has the purpose of informing and
explaining the motivation behind
the subject’s actions
Biography
• A biography, or simply bio, is a detailed description of a person's life. It involves more than just the basic facts like education, work, relationships, and death •
It portrays a person's experience of these life events.
• Unlike a profile or curriculum vitae (résumé), a biography presents a subject's life story, highlighting various aspects of his or her life, including intimate
details of experience, and may include an analysis of the subject's personality.
The 10 Elements in writing Biography:
• Birth date and place

• Family Members
• Childhood and School Life Hobbies, Interests, and Activities
• Anecdotes
• Career
• Reason for Fame
• Later Life/Old Age
• Death
• Photos and Likenesses
Autobiography
An autobiography is the true story of a person's life written by that same person. Writers reveal the effects of certain events on their lives.
Elements in writing Autobiography:
• CHARACTERS are well developed in detail and are true-to-life.

• SETTING is described vividly.
• DETAILS are interesting. Writers of autobiographies use objective and subjective details and anecdotes to tell their life stories.
Objective details can be proved.
Subjective details are based on personal feelings and opinions and cannot be proved.
Anecdotes are short, often humorous, stories that enliven writing and illustrate a point.
Tips in writing anecdotes are the following:
• CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER is the order in which real-life events occur and the order in which most writers of autobiographies tell their stories. Often
events are arranged from childhood to adulthood.
• POINT OF VIEW is the perspective from which an autobiography is written. Since autobiographies are written by their subjects, they are told from the first
person point of view and use the pronouns I, me, and mine. Readers experience events through the writer's eye-- knowing only what they think and feel
about any given experience.
• AUTHOR'S PURPOSE- is the author's reason for writing. Authors of autobiographies often want to make sense of events in their lives and to communicate
an important personal statement about life. They may also want to give credit to people who influence them. Controversial individuals often write
autobiographies to explain or justify their actions.
Activity 1: Direction: Follow the instructions carefully

Write an Autobiography on the space provided for:
LESSON 6: EXAMINATION
A. Multiple Choice
1. The word ‘essay’ is derived from a Latin word ______, which roughly translates to presenting one’s case.
A. Exagium
B. Fictio
C. Excalliber
D.Excalibur
2.It is the true story of a person's life written by that same person. Writers reveal the effects of certain events on their lives.
A. Biography
B. Autobiography
C. Anecdote
D. Story
3.It is the order in which real-life events occur and the order in which most writers of autobiographies tell their stories.
A. Time Frame
B. Timeline
C. Chronological Order
D. Timeliness
4. Is generally a short piece of writing outlining the writer’s perspective or story. It is often considered synonymous with a story or a paper or an article.
A. Short story
B. Essay
C. Article
D. Autobiography
5. Also known as creative nonfiction or literary nonfiction

A. Narrative writing
B. Literal works
C. Narrative Non-Fiction
D. Fiction
II. Enumeration.
1-3. Elements of an Essay
4-7. Types of Non-Fiction and write one example only.
8-11. Types of Essay and write one example only
B. Direction: Fill in the blanks, write your correct answer by choosing the term/words on the box below: 1. Give your
essays an interesting and appropriate _____. It will help draw the attention of the reader and pique their curiosity.
2. Keep it between _____-_____ words. This is the ideal length; you can take creative license to increase or decrease it. 3. Keep your language
______ and crisp. Unnecessary complicated and difficult words break the flow of the sentence. 4. Before beginning the essay organize your
thought and _________. This way you can ensure the story will flow and not be an unorganized mess.
Module 7: Literature under the Spanish Colonial Period
Philippine Literature under Spanish Colonial period
Spaniards occupied Philippines in early 15th century. The First Filipino alphabet that had been used was Alibata-, but when they colonized the Philippines,
they changed Alibata into Roman alphabet.
Spaniards banned the use of Alibata because they believed that it is a work of evil.They fully introduced the Spanish literary language using many Spanish
terms.
The European literature was brought by the Spaniards and are assimilated in Filipino songs and indigenous themes. The early printing press in the
Philippine was run and monopolized by the Spaniards friars.
During Spanish colonization Filipinos felt that they were being harassed by the Spaniards. That was the Birth of the Propaganda movement and La
Solidaridad. The Filipino fought and introduced Tagalog to be the language of revolution of the nationalist movement,
Literature under Spanish Colonial period
ORAL LITERATURE (SONGS, RELIGIOUS DRAMA)
SONG -
A song is a composition for voice or voices, performed by singing. A choral or vocal song maybe accompanied by musical instruments, or it may be
unaccompanied, as in the case of a cappella songs. The lyrics (words) of songs are typically of a poetic, rhyming nature, though they maybe religious verses or
free prose.
• LERON LERON SINTA -- This song depicts humbleness. It's the story of a man who tries to show what he got to win the heart of his beloved one. • SARUM
BANGGI-a Kundiman which means "one night" or "one evening in Bicol. A kundiman is a Filipino love song traditionally sung by a man wooing the woman of
his dreams
RELIGIOUS DRAMA - The religious drama, as setting forth events recorded in the Bible or moral lessons to be drawn from religious teaching, is distinctively
medieval in character, and in ongin is closely connected with the services of the Church
• Panunuluyan (Tagalog for asking for lodgings" is a Philippine Christmas dramatic ritual narrating the Holy Family search for a place to stay in Bethlehem
for Jesus Christs birth through song
DRAMA - is the specific mode of fiction represented in performance. The enactment of drama in theatre, performed by actors on a stage before an audience,
presupposes collaborative modes of production and a collective form of reception
• Why Women Wash the Dishes" (Bakit Babae ang Naghuhugas ng Pingga) is a play that depicts a betting game between couple whom either one would not
like to wash the dishes. The play is filled with humor and antiques
WRITTEN LITERATURE (SHORT STORIES, POETRY)
POETRY - is an imaginative awareness of experience expressed through meaning, sound, and rhythmic language choices so as to evoke an emotional response.
Poetry has been known to employ meter and rhyme, but this is by no means necessary. The very nature of poetry as an authentic and individual mode of
expression makes it nearly impossible to define.
• FLORANTE AT LAURA The story is about the love and determination of the Duke Florante and the Princess Laura of Albania while being pursued by the
usurper Count Adolfo
SHORT STORY.
A short story is a brief work of literature, usually written in narrative prose. A classic definition of a short story is that one should be able to read it in one sitting
• CONVICT'S TWILIGHT - The short story revolves around one thing -Freedom. Or more clearly, it seeks to define what is freedom, and what sense it makes
to those who are not free, slaves for the atonement of their sins.
THE FIRST BOOKS:
• Nuestra Señora del Rosario- It contains the biographies of saints, novenas, and questions and answers on religion.
• ANG DOCTRINA CRISTIANA (THE CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE)- This was the first book printed in the Philippines in 1593 in xylography. • Ang
Barlaan at Josephat Biblical Story printed in the Philippines First Tagalog novel printed in the Philippines even though it is only a translation. • Libro
de los Cuatro Postrimerías del Hombre- First written book in typography
• The Pasion- This is the book about the life and sufferings of Jesus Christ.
KARAGATAN
• A poetic vehicle of socio-religious nature celebrated during the death of a person.

• It is a ritual based on a legend about a princess who dropped her ring into the middle of the sea and offered her hand in marriage in anyone who can
retrieve it.
RECREATIONAL PLAYS are the following:
1. Tibag – the word tibag means to excavate. This ritual was brought here by the Spaniard to remind the people about the search of St. Helena for the Cross on
which Jesus died through a dramatic performance
2. Lagaylay – this is a special occasion for the Pilareños of Sorsogon during Maytime to get together. This also shows praise, respct and offering love to the
Blessed Cross by St. Helena and the mound she dug in.
3. The Cenaculo – this is a dramatic performance to commemorate the passion and death of Jesus Christ.
4. Panunuluyan – this is presented before 12:00 on Christmas Eve. This is a presentation of the search of the Virgin Mary and St. Joseph for an inn wherein to
deliver the baby Jesus.
5. Salubong – an Easter play that dramatizes the meeting of the Risen Christ and his Mother.
6. Carillo (Shadow Play) – this is a form of dramatic entertainment performed on a moonless night during a town fiesta or on dark nights after a harvest. This
shadow play is made by projecting cardboard figures before a lamp against a white sheet. The figures are moved like marionettes whose dialogues are produced
by some experts.
7. The Zarzuela – considered the father of the drama; it is a musical comedy or melodrama three acts which dealt with man’s passions and emotions like love,
hate, revenge, cruelty, avarice or some social or political proble.
8. Sainete – a short musical comedy that were exagerrated and shown between long plays.
9. The Moro-Moro – a play that depicts a Christian princess who is captured by the Mohammedans. The father organizes a rescue party where fighting between
the Moros and Christians ensues.
LITERARY COMPOSITIONS
• Vocabulario de la Lengua Pampanga (Pampanga vocabulary) the first book written in Pampango written by Fr. Diego in 1732 •
Vocabulario de la Lengua Bisaya (Bisayan Vocabulary)
• Best Visayan language book Written by Mataeo Sanchez in 1711
• Arte de la Lengua Ilokana (The Art of the Ilocano Language) First Ilocano grammar book by Francisco Lopez
• Arte de la Lengua Bicolana (The Art of the Bicol Language) First book in the Bicol Language by Fr. Marcos Libson in 1754
FOLK SONGS
Folk songs became widespread in the Philippines. Each region had its national song from the lowlands to the mountains of Luzon, Visayas and
Mindanao. • Ang Mga Dalit kay Maria (Psalms for Mary)
Collection of songs praising the Virgin Mary embraced the Catholic religion changed their names and were baptized. Activity 1: At the end of the
discussion, the students will ask to form into groups and will perform the following folk songs:(any online social media)
• Pamulinawen
• Magtanim ay di biro
• Leron Leron Sinta
• Atin Ku Pung Singsing
• Ang Pipit
• The students must follow the criteria below:
Creativity 25
Teamwork 25
Audience Impact 25
Production 25
Total Points 100
Module 7: Examination
Direction: Match column a with column b by writing the correct letter only.
Column A Column B
1. Song A. Why women wash the dishes
2. Cenaculo B. Convict's Twilight
3. Drama C. Panunuluyan
4. Panunuluyan D. Ang Doctrina Cristiana
5. Literary Composition. E. Leron Leron Sinta
6. Short Story F. Birth of Christ
7. Religious drama G. Ang mga Dalit kay Maria
8. First Book H. Passion and Death of Christ
9. Poetry I. Vocabulario De La Lengua Visaya
10. Religious Song J. Florante at Laura
K. Cenaculo
B: Modified true or false: Write T if the underlined word is correct, F if false. If the underlined word is False supply the correct word to make it correct.
1. During Spanish colonization Filipinos felt that they are being harassed by the Spaniards.
2. Passion contains the biographies of saints, novenas, and questions and answers on religion.
3. Salubong an Easter play that dramatizes the meeting of the Risen Christ and his Mother.
4. Ang Mga Dalit kay Maria (Psalms for Mary) is a collection of songs praising the Virgin Mary embraced the Catholic religion changed their names and were
baptized. 5. Zarzuela is a dramatic performance to commemorate the passion and death of Jesus Christ.
Module 8: RIZAL AND HIS CONTEMPORARIES (JOSE RIZAL, MARCELO DEL PILAR, ANDRES
BONIFACIO) SELECTED WORKS OF DR. JOSE RIZAL
JOSE RIZAL -- He is considered one of the national heroes of the Philippines. Studying in Europe, he was the most prominent advocate for reform in the
Philippines during the Spanish colonial era. He was wrongly implicated as the leader of the Katipunan Revolution, and that led to his execution on December 30,
1896, now celebrated as Rizal Day, a national holiday in the country
• ULTIMO ADIOS - A poem written by Philippine national hero Dr Jose Rizal on the eve of his execution on 30 December 1896.This poem was one of the
last notes he wrote before his death: another that he had written was found in his shoe but because the text was illegible, its contents remains a mystery
SELECTED WORKS OF MARCELO H.DEL PILAR
MARCELO H.DEL PILAR - He was a celebrated figure in the Philippine Revolution and a leading propagandist for reforms in the Philippines. Popularly known as
Plaridel, he was the editor and co-publisher of La Solidaridad (The Solidarity)
• DASALAN AT TOCSOHAN - This is a satire on the friar’s hypocrisy, licentiousness and greed, which consists of parodies of the Sign of the Cross, the
Act of Contrition, the Lord’s Prayer, the Hail Mary, and the catechism. Rizal considers this as a model of classical prose and an excellent example of
Tagalog humor, wit, and DASALAN AT TOCSOHAN
SELECTED WORKS OF ANDRES BONIFACIO "Father of the Philippine Revolution,"
• PAG-IBIG SA TINUBUANG LUPA- This poem which was first published in the Diariong Tagalog.
As the title indicates, the theme is directed to the Filipinos in order to arouse their spirit of nationalism and self-dependence.
Activity: Write your reaction about the “Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa”
Module 8: QUIZ/ACTIVITY
A. Direction: Answer the following questions on your assignment notebook, about “ULTIMO ADIOS”
1. Who is the author of the poem” ULTIMO ADIOS”?
2. How did the author described his love for his country?
3. Where can you compare the love that the author feels for his land?
4. How can you instill this to you as a student?
5. How can you impart this to your family and love ones?
B. Group into two groups and dramatize by submitting online using messenger or Facebook apps.
Module 9: Literature under the American Colonial Period: The Beginning of Philippine Literature in English
PHILIPPINE LITERATURE UNDER AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
Romantic Poetry Tagalog Novel Beginning of Phil Lit in English
TAGALOG NOVEL
• A novel is along prose narrative that describes fictional characters and events in the form of a sequential story, usually. A Tagalog novel is a novel written in
of course, Tagalog
• TAGALOG NOVEL is one of the first literary novels written by Filipino author Lope K. Santos in the Tagalog language in 1906. As a book that was
considered as the Bible of working-class Filipinos", the pages of the novel revolve around the life of Delfin, his love for a daughter of a rich landlord, while
Lope K. Banaag at Sikat
ROMANTIC POETRY The dominant theme of Romantic poetry: the filtering of natural emotion through the human mind in order to create art, coupled with an
awareness of the duality created by such a process
• PAG-IBIG - José Corazón de Jesús, was a Filipino poet who used Tagalog poetry to express the Filipinos desire for independence during the American
occupation of the Philippines, a period that lasted from 1901 to 1946.He is best known for being the lyricist of the Filipino song Bayan Ко.
SHORT STORY -A short story is a brief work of literature, usually written in narrative prose. A classic definition of a short story is that one should be able to read it
in one sitting
• We Filipinos Are Mild Drinkers - This is a short story written by Alejandro Roces during his freshman year in Arizona State University. He was well known for
his humorous stories and whit in writing. "We Filipinos are Mild Drinkers is dated back to the 1940s.
Beginning of Philippine Literature in English Philippine literature in English By 1901, public education was institutionalized in the Philippines, with English serving
as the medium of instruction. That year around 600 educators in the S.S. Thomas to replace the soldiers who had been serving as the first teachers
• "How My Brother Leon Brought Home a Wife" - A story about an occasion that would be a big day in the life of any family, the day one of the sons of the
family brings hope the woman he intends to marry. The story is told in the first person by Leons younger brother.
Activity:
Give your reaction about “WE FILIPINOS ARE MILD DRINKERS “and tell the moral
lesson of the story.
WE FILIPINOS ARE MILD DRINKERS
By: Alejandro R. Roces
We Filipinos are mild drinkers. We drink only for three good reasons.
We drink when we are sad.
We drink when we are very happy.
And we drink for any other reason.
In 1945, the Liberation Forces landed in the Philippines. We Filipinos were very glad to see the Americans back, not so much because they were Americans but
because they were not Japanese.
In our barrio, drunk Americans became a common site. A favorite story in the barrio then was that of a Yank soldier who stumbled with a bottle of whiskey in his
pocket. According to the story, the first thing the G.I. did was to feel his pocket. Finding it was wet, he alarmingly looked at his hands: then, with a sigh of relief, he
exclaimed: "Thank God, it is blood! I thought it was my whiskey!"
My first acquaintance with groggy GIs began one late afternoon. I was plowing our rice field with our carabao named Carpio. Disabled tanks and shot-down planes
still cluttered the fields. I was barefooted and stripped to the waist. My hempen trousers were rolled up to my knees. My bolo was at my side.
An American soldier was walking on the highway. When he saw me, he headed toward me? I stopped plowing and waited for him. I noticed he was carrying a half
pint bottle of whiskey. Whiskey bottles seemed part of the American uniform.
"Hello, Joe" I said
"Any bars in this town?" he asked.
That was usually the first question American soldiers asked when they visited our barrio.
"I'm sorry, Joe," I replied. "There are no bars in this barrio."
"Oh well! You know where I could buy more whiskey?"
"No Joe, I am sorry. We do not drink whiskey."
"Here has a swig. You have been working too hard." he said, offering me his half-filled bottle.
"No, thank you, Joe." I said. "We Filipinos are mild drinkers."
“Well, don’t you drink at all?"
"Yes, Joe, I drink but not whiskey."

"What the hell do you drink?"
"I drink lambanog"
"Jungle juice, eh?"
"I guess that is what the GIs call it."
"You know where I could buy some?"
"I have some you could have, but I do not think you will like it."
"I'll like it all right. Do not worry about that. I have drunk everything -- whiskey, rum, brandy, tequila, gin, champagne, saki,
vodka." He mentioned many more that I cannot spell.
"Say, you sure drink a lot, don’t you?"
"I not only drink a lot, I drink anything. I drank Channel no. 5 when I was in France. In New Guinea, I got soused on William's Shaving Lotion. When I was laid up in
a hospital, I got pie-eyed with medical alcohol. On my way here in a transport I got soused on torpedo juice. You aren’t kidding when you say I drink a lot. So, let's
have some of that jungle juice, eh?"
I unhitched Carpio from the plow and massaged the back of his neck.
"You sure loved that animal, don't you?" Joe remarked.
"I should." I said. "It does half of my work."
"Why don’t you get two of them?"
I made no answer.
After kneading the neck of the bull. I led him to the mud hole. Joe followed me. The beast lay in the mud and was going: "Whoooooooosh! Whooooooosh!"
Flies and other insects flew from its back and hovered in the air. A warm miasmic smell rose from the mire. When the first American troops invaded the Philippines
in 1898, carabaos used to chase the Yankee soldiers off the fields. Now even the lowly water buffalo recognizes the American as a friend.
I scooped the turbid water and splashed it on his back. He rolled over and was soon covered with slime. An expression of perfect contentment came into his eyes.
Then he swished his tail and Joe and I had to move back to keep from getting spattered. Presently I turned to Joe and said: "Let us go."
We then left Carpio in the plash and proceeded toward my house. Joe was curiously looking around.
"This place is full of coconut palms." he said.
"Don’t you have coconut trees in America
"No." he replied. "Back in God's country we have the pine tree."
"What is it like?"
"Oh, it is tall and stately. It goes straight up to the sky like a skyscraper. It symbolizes the States."
"Well." I said, "the coconut tree represents the Philippines. It stands up to the sky, but then its leaves sway down to earth as if remembering the land that gave it
life."
In a short while we arrived in my nipa hut. I took the bamboo ladder and leaned it against a spiny tree. Then I climbed the ladder and picked some
kalamansi. "What is that?" Joe asked.
"Philippine lemon," I answered. "We will need this for our drinks."
"Oh chasers."
"That is it Joe. That is what the soldiers called it."
I filled my pockets with kalamansi and then went down. I went to the garden well and washed the mud from my legs. Then we climbed up into my hut. The
rubescent sun was fast sinking against a roseate sky. Dusk came with the setting of the sun. So I filled a coconut shell with oil, dipped a timsin wick in the fluid,
then lighted the wick. It produced a wavering, dull yellow light. I unstrapped my bolo and hung it on the wall.
"Please sit-down Joe." I said.
"Where? " Joe asked looking around.
"Right there." I said, pointing to the floor.
Joe sat down on the floor. I sliced the kalamansi in halves, took some rough salt and laid it on the foot-high table. Then I took my bottle of lambanog from the
kitchen and handed it to Joe. Joe removed the dalino stopper from the bottle, sniffed the contents, and then said:
"It smells OK. What is the stuff made of?"
"That is from the coco palm, Joe." I said.

"Oh, is this jungle juice?"
"No Joe, that drink is not from the fruit. That is tapped from the tree itself."
"I see." Joe said.
Lambanog is a potation procured from the coconut bud, with pulverizes mangrove bark thrown in to forefend spontaneous combination. It has many uses. We use
it as a remedy for snake bites, as a counter-active for malaria chills, as an insecticide and for tanning carabao hide. If you imbibe enough of it, your senses
amalgamate, and you get to hear three-dimensional rondalla music in color.
"Would you like some water to mix with your drink?" I asked Joe.
"Nope" Joe said, holding his palm before me. "There are two things that all red-blooded Americans love naked. One of them is his
drink." Joe punctuated this statement with a knowing look.
I poured some lambanog into two polished coconut shells and gave one of the shells to Joe. I diluted my drink with some of Joe's whiskey. It became milky. We
were both seated on the floor. I poured some of my drink on the bamboo floor. It went through the slits to the ground below.
"Hey what are you doing?" Joe asked. "Throwing good liquor away?"
"No Joe" I said. "It is the custom here always to give back to the earth a little of what we have taken from the earth.
"Well" he said, raising his shell, "here's to the end of the war!"
"Here is to the end of the war" I said, also lifting my drink.
I quaffed my drink down and followed it with a slice of kalamansi dipped in unrefined salt. It made my stomach all sunshine. Joe lushed his drink but reacted in a
peculiar way. His eyes popped out like a frog and his hand clutched his throat. He looked as if he swallowed a centipede.
"Quick, a chaser!" he said.
I gave him a slice of kalamansi dipped in coarse salt. He squirted it to his mouth. But it was too late. The kalamansi did not help him. I don’t think even a fire
extinguisher could have helped him.
"What is wrong Joe?" I asked.
"Nothing." he said. "The first shot always affects me this way." He was panting hard and tears were rolling down his
cheeks. "Well the first drink always acts like a mine sweeper," I said. "but this second one will be smooth.
I filled his shell for the second time. Again, I attenuated my drink with Joe's whiskey. I gave Joe his bowl. I noticed that he was beaded with perspiration. He had
unbuttoned his collar and loosened his tie. Joe took his stuff but did not seem very anxious. I lifted my shell and said:
"Here is to America!"
I was trying to be a perfect host.
"Here is to America!" Joe said.
We both consumed our cordials. Joe again reacted in a funny way.
His neck stretched out like a turtle's. And now he was panting like a carabao gone amok. He grasped his tie, threw it to one side, and
said: "Oh Christ, for a while i thought it was my tongue!"
After this he started to tinker with his teeth.
"What is wrong Joe?" I asked, still trying to be the host of hosts.
"Plenty! This damned stuff has loosened my bridgework."
As Joe exhaled, a moth flying around the thickening flame fell dead. He stared at the dead moth and said:
"And they talk of DDT."
"Well, how about another draw?" I asked. "It is what we came here for."
"No thanks." he said, "I'm through."
"Surely, you will not refuse my hospitality?"
"OK. Just one more."
I poured the juice in the shells and again thinned mine with whiskey. I handed Joe his drink.
"Here's to the Philippines!" he said.
Joe sipped his drink. I could not see very clearly in the quivering light, but I could have sworn that I saw smoke come out of his
ears. "This stuff must be radioactive!" he said.
He threw the remains of his toddy on the wall and yelled:

"Blaze goddamn you, blaze!"
Then just as I was beginning to get thirsty, Joe began to act in a very unaccountable manner. He fell into the delusion that I was a Japanese. Warning me not to try
to escape, he demanded my unconditional surrender. He wanted to know why I had bombed Pearl Harbor and committed so many atrocities when Americans had
never done them any harm. I had a difficult time trying to convince him that I was anything but a Nipponese and that I had never dropped bombs on Pearl Harbor
or anywhere else, for that matter. In short, that I was what I was - Just a poor Filipino boy trying to get along.
I tried offering him another drink. He declined, saying that he could not be bribed with sake but that he was going to make things easy for me at the War Crimes
Commission if I fixed him up with some geisha. He said he was privy to all the war atrocities that I had perpetrated, but he was a personal friend of General
Douglas MacArthur, I need not worry. He had no racial prejudice, he said, and insisted on proving this point with a Japanese Josan.
Then, desperately impatient for his kimono girl, he grabbed my arm, pulled me toward him, and offered me black market goods in exchange -- cigarettes,
chocolates, canned goods and jeeps.
It was at this stage that Mother walked into the house.
Mother was ten years older than the century. And even in the glimmer, she bore no resemblance to a geisha. Nevertheless, Joe mistook her for
one. With great effort he got up on his feet and wobbled toward Mother.
Mother ran out of the house screaming with Joe in hot pursuit. She unofficially broke several Olympic records that evening. They located her twenty minutes later.
Some say she was still running amain when they found her.
Her screams alarmed the entire barrio. Everyone came out armed with rifles, pistols, spears, bolos and knives. They all thought that Japanese interlopers had
penetrated the village.
Joe narrowly escaped being shot for a straggler. He staggered from side to side then his legs turned to noodles and he collapsed on the ground -- flat as a
starfish. Our wassail was over. It just goes to show you that one man's drink is another man's poison.
I knew that the soldiers had to be back in their garrison at a given hour. And since Joe had been a compotator, I felt it my obligation to take him back to camp. Our
drinking together was like a bloodless compact.
I tried to lift him; it was like hefting a carabao.
Four friends had to help me carry Joe. The white man had become the brown man's burden! IN VINO VERITAS! We placed him on a carabao-drawn sled. I took
my bolo from the house, strapped it on my waist, and proceeded to take Joe back.
After two hours, I arrived at the plane field. I found out which tent he belonged to and took him there. His friends helped me to take him to his cot. They were glad
to see their bottle-fatigued buddy back.
Everyone thanked me for taking him home. As I was leaving, one of his friends called me and said: "Hey you! How about a can of beer before you
go?" "No thanks." I said, "We Filipinos are mild drinkers."
Module 10: Contemporary Literature- Regional Literature: Contemporary Poetry.
THE REBIRTH OF FREEDOM 1946-1970
• The Americans returned in 1945. Filipinos rejoiced and Guerrillas who fled to the mountain joined the liberating American Army. •
On July 4, 1946, the Philippines gained is freedom and the Filipino flag waved joyously alone. The chains were broken.
THE STATE OF LITERATURE DURING THIS PERIOD
• The early post-liberation period was marked by a kind of "struggle of mind and spirit" posed by the sudden emancipation from the enemy, and the wild
desire to see print.
1. HEART OF THE ISLANDS (1947) -a collection of poems by Manuel Viray
2. PHILIPPINES CROSS SECTION (1950) -a collection of prose and poetry by Maximo Ramos and Florentino Valeros
3. PROSE AND POEMS (1952) - by Nick Joaquin
4. PHILIPPINE WRITING (1953) -by T.D. Agcaoili
5. PHILIPPINE HARVEST -by Amador Daguio
6. HORIZONS LEAST (1967) -a collection of works by the professors of UE, mostly in English (short stories, essays, research papers, poem and drama) by
Artemio Patacsil and Silverio Baltazar. The themes of most poems dealt with the usual love of nature, and of social and political problems. Toribia Mano poems
showed deep emotional intensity
7. WHO SPOKE OF COURAGE IN HIS SLEEP-by NVM Gonzales
8. SPEAK NOT, SPEAK ALSO -by Conrado V. Pedroche

9. Other poets were Toribia Maño and Edith L Tiempo, Jose Garcia Villas HAVE COME, AM HERE won acclaim both here and
abroad THE NEW PHILIPPINE LITERATURE DURING THIS PERIOD
• Philippines literature in Tagalog was revived during this period. Most themes in the writings dealt with Japanese brutalities, of the poverty of life under the
Japanese government and the brave guerilla exploits.
PERIOD OF ACTIVISM 1970-1972
• Many young people became activists to ask for changes in the government. In the expression of this desire for change, keen were the writings of some
youth who were fired with nationalism in order to emphasize the importance of their petitions.
THE LITERARY REVOLUTION
• The youth became completely rebellious during this period. This was proven not only in the bloody demonstrations and in the sidewalk expressions but also
in literature. Campus newspapers showed rebellious emotions. The once aristocratic writers developed awareness for society. They held pens and wrote on
placards in red paint the equivalent of the word MAKIBAKA (To dare!).
WRITING DURING THE PERIOD OF ACTIVISM
• The irreverence for the poor reached its peak during this period of the mass revolution. It was also during this period that Bomba films that discredit our
ways as Filipinos started to come out.
PALANCA AWARDEES FOR LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
• Established in 1950, the Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature had been giving cash prizes for short story, poetry and one-act play writing as an incentive
to Filipino writers. The prizes come from La Tondena, Inc., the firm founded by the late Carlos Palanca Sr.
PERIOD OF THE NEW SOCIETY (1972-1980)
• The period of the New Society started on September 21, 1972. The Carlos Palanca Awards continued to give annual awards.
• Almost all themes in most writings dealt with the development or progress of the country-like the Green Revolution, family planning, proper nutrition,
environment, drug addiction and pollution. The New Society tried to stop pornography or those writings giving bad influences on the morals of the people.
All school newspapers were temporarily stopped and so with school organizations.
FILIPINO POETRY DURING THE PERIOD OF THE NEW SOCIETY

• Themes of most poems dealt with patience, regard for native culture, customs and beauties of nature and surroundings.
THE PLAY UNDER THE NEW SOCIETY
• The Government led in reviving old plays and dramas like the Tagalog Zarzuela, Cenakulo and Embayoka of the Muslims which were presented in the
rebuilt Metropolitan Theater, the Folk Arts Theater and the Cultural Center of the Philippines.
RADIO AND TELEVISION
• Radio continued to be patronized during this period. The play series like SI MATAR, DAHLIA, ITO AND PALAD KO, and MR. LONELY were the forms of
recreation of those without television.
FILIPINO FILMS
• A yearly Pista ng mga Pelikulang Pilipino (Yearly Filipino Film Festival) was held during this time. During the festival which lasted usually for a month, only
Filipino films were shown in all theaters in Metro Manila.
1. MAYNILA.SA MGA KUKO NG LIWANAG written by Edgardo Reyes and filmed under the direction of Lino Brocka. Bembol Roco was the lead
role. 2. MINSA'Y ISANG GAMU-GAMO; Nora Aunor was the principal performer here.
3. GANITO KAMI NOON...PAANO KAYO NGAYON: led by Christopher de Leon and Gloria Diaz.
4. INSIANG: by Hilda Koronel
5. AGUILA: led by Fernando Poe Jr., Jay Ilagan and Christopher de Leon
COMICS, MAGAZINES AND OTHER PUBLICATIONS
• During this period of the New Society, newspapers donned new forms. News on economic progress, discipline, culture, tourism and the like were favored
more than the sensationalized reporting of killings, rape and robberies.
OVERVIEW OF THE LITERATURE DURING THE NEW SOCIETY
• Bilingual education which was initiated by the Board of National Education as early as 1958 and continued up to the period of Martial Rule in September 21,
1972, resulted in the deterioration of English in the different levels of education. The focus of education and culture was on problems of national identity, on
reorientation, renewed vigor and a firm resolves to carry out plans and programs.
PERIOD OF THE THIRD REPUBLIC (1981-1985)
• After ten years of Military rule and some changes in the lives of the Filipino which started under the New Society, Martial Rule was at last lifted on January
2,1981.
FILIPINO POETRY
• Poems during this period of the Third Republic were romantic and revolutionary.
• Writers wrote openly of their criticism against the government. The supplications of the people were coached in fiery, colorful, violent, profane and insulting
language.
FILIPINO SONGS
Many Filipino song dealt with themes that were true to life like those of grief, poverty, aspiration for freedoms, love of God of country and of fellowmen.
PHILIPPINE FILMS DURING THE PERIOD
• The yearly Festival of Filipino Films continued to be held during this period. The people's love for sex films also was unabated.
PERIODS (1986-1999)
• History took another twist. Once more, the Filipino people regained their independence which they lost twenty years ago. • In the span of four days form
February 21-25, 1986, the so-called People Power (Lakas ng Bayan) prevailed. Together, the people barricaded the streets petitioning the government for
changes and reforms.
ON NEWSPAPER AND OTHER PUBLICATIONS
• Newspapers, which were once branded crony newspaper, became instant opposition papers overnight. This was true of BULLETIN TODAY which became
the opposition paper.
ON BOOKS
• The Philippine revolution of 1986 and the fire of its spirit that will carry the Filipinos through another epoch in Philippine history is still being documented just
as they have been in the countless millions who participated in body and spirit in its realization.
Activity:
• Students will ask to form into 5 groups.
• Each group will going to have a random pick for the assigned
Filipino Films
• Students must discuss the elements of the story in assigned
Filipino Films (characters, settings, plot, etc.)
• Here are the Filipino Films:
MODULE 10: EXAMINATION:
A. Fill in the blanks. Choose the correct answer in the table.
1. Poems during this period of the Third Republic were _______ and revolutionary.
• Romantic
2. Established in 1950, the _________ for Literature had been giving cash prizes for short story, poetry and one-act play writing as an incentive to Filipino writers.
• Palanca Memorial Awards
3. Many Filipino song dealt with themes that were really true to life like those of ____, _____, _____, ____, _____, ______.
• grief, poverty, aspiration for freedoms, love of God, of country and of fellowmen.
4. ________ which was initiated by the Board of National Education as early as 1958 and continued up to the period of Martial Rule in September 21, 1972, resulted in the deterioration of
English in the different levels of education.
• Bilingual education
5. Themes of most poems dealt with _____, regard for native culture, customs and beauties of nature and surroundings.
• Patience
Patience Palanca Grief Aspiration of country
Memorial freedom
Awards
Bilingual Poverty Romantic Love of God Fellowmen

Education
Module 11: 21st Century Philippine Literature: 21st Century Filipino Authors and their Works
21st Century Philippine Literature
The 21" Century Philippine Literature covers the new range of developments in digital writings, creative writings and genres.
Poetry in the Philippines has indeed come a long way - evolving and taking on dramatic turns as it journeys with history — from the ancient times, the monarchic
rule of Spain, U.S. colonialism, the birth of the Republic, martial law, to Edsa and present.
Unfortunately, there are now fewer avenues for poets to present their works (although there are still poetry readings), with prose writers dominating the market.
Gone, too, are the days when poetry was a regular reading fare, published in regional magazines like Liwarway and Bannawag, although several exemplary works
in the vernacular have managed to land in the mainstream. But what is really popular or what sells today is lyric poetry (read: Parokya ni Edgar, Brownman
Revival. Eraserheads etc.).
These days, poets- especially the younger ones - still tend to write about a variety of things, from urban concerns to romance to gender issues.
But in the end, whatever one may write about, in whatever theme or format it may take, the poem, to borrow the words of National Artist for Literature Edith L.
Tiempo,"thus liberated" remains firmly, undeniably poetry."
The 21st Filipino Authors are the following:
• Rio Alma
One of the most notable Filipino writers is Virgilio Almario aka Rio Alma. He is a National Artist for Literature and has won several awards for his
works. Rio Alma came from a family of peasant farmers in the province of Bulacan, near Manila.
His collection of criticism Ang Makata sa Panahon ng Makina (The Poet in the Age of Machines) is one of the founding works of modernist criticism in
Tagalog. Professor Emeritus in the Department of Filipino and Philippine Literature, he is well known as a scholar in the national language and a promoter
of literature in it. His poetry covers a broad range of forms and is often exuberant in expression and passionate in its sympathy for the poor and the working
class. His earlier works ranged from expansive free verse to sonnets. but his more recent work emphasizes formal convention. He founded the Children's
Communication Center (publisher of Adarna Books), conducts the long-running poetry clinic. Linangan sa Imahen, Retorika, at Arte (Lira), has been
executive director of the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA), and is currently dean of the college of liberal arts at UP. He was conferred
the Order of National Artist for Literature in 2003.
• PAOLO MANALO
Aa poet born in Manila and an assistant professor of English, literature and creative writing at the University of the Philippines, Diliman. Until recently, he
was the literary editor of the Philippines Free Press. His first book of poems. Jolography (University of the Philippines Press, 2003) received the Don Carlos
Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature (2002) and the UP Gawad Chancellor (2004). He was a student at the 15th New York State Summer Writers
Institute (2001), a fellow of the UP ICW National Writers' Workshop when it was revamped (2006) and an artist-in- residence at The MacDowell Colony
(2006). At took his postgraduate studies at the University of St. Andrews in Scotland
Critics say that poetry is as alive as ever, albeit with reduced readership. with contemporary writers taking on varied experimental approaches. Thus works
like Jolography (from the word jolog, which originally referred to Pinoy hip-hop), where poems by Paolo Manalo are in "textese" or Taglish (Tagalog plus
English), written in the premise that, in Manalo's words, the language that we're using is flawed, damaged, corrupted, sold out, negotiated... and yet it's still
beautiful."
Jolography, which won First Prize in the 2002 Palanca Awards, has apparently sparked interest, where other young writers even attempted to follow
suit. • Frank Rivera: Makata sa cell phone
Frank Rivera was born on 29 February 1948 in Paete, Laguna. He received his AB English-Filipino degree from the University of the Philippines. His books
include Tuhog-tuhog (2005): Jose Rizal: Iba't ibang Pananaw (2005); Halik sa Kampilan (2005); Makata sa Cellphone (2005): TAO: Isang Tagulaylay Sa
Ikadalawampu't Isang Siglo (2004); Oyayi, Ang Zarzuela (2004); Darna, Etc.(2003); Sining Kambayoka's Mga Kuwentong Maranao (2003); Ambon. Ulan.
Baha Sarsuwelang Pinoy (2003); Gothic Telemovies (2002); MULAT: Mga Isyung Panlipunan sa mga Dulang Pantelebisyon (2002); Mga Dula sa
Magkakaibang Midyum (1982): Ama at iba pa. Sari-saring Dula (1982)
His awards include Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino honors: Paete Outstanding Citizen Award: Aliw Awards: Dalitext: Global Filipino Literary Award: Palanca:
National Book Award: UP National Fellow: MSU Kambayoka Gador Award: CCP and NCCA Awards Urian: Philippine Centennial Literary Award: Patnubay
ng Sining, Manila: People's Journal Award: Bahag-Hari Televised: Catholic Mass Media Award: Manila Film Festival: Film Academy of the Philippines: Star
Awards: and the Famas. Also known as "makata sa cell phone with his popular textula" series, Rivera has, to date, authored 21 books of plays for stage,
radio, TV and film; plus short stories, essays and four books of poetry published by the UST Publishing House. He has received four National Book Awards
while his poems and textula" are read in political rallies, passed around as text messages. read on radio, posted on social media, print in tabloid and
newspaper columns, recited in school programs and utilized as material in oratorical and declamation contests.
• Cirilo F. Bautista
A National Artist for Literature, a poet, fictionist, critic, and writer of nonfiction was born in 1941. He received his degrees in AB Literature from the University
of Santo Tomas (magna cum laude, 1963). MA Literature from St. Louis University. Baguio City (magna cum laude, 1968), and Doctor of Arts in Language
and Literature from De La Salle University-Manila (1990). He received a fellowship to attend the International Writing Program at the University of lowa
19681969 and was awarded an honorary degree--the only Filipino to have been so honored there.
He is a poet, fictionist and essayist with exceptional achievements and significant contributions to the development of the country's literary arts. He is
acknowledged by peers and critics, and the nation at large as the foremost writer of his generation
Throughout his career that spans more than four decades, he has established a reputation for fine and profound artistry; his books, lectures, poetry
readings and creative writing workshops continue to influence his peers and generations of young writers.
As a way of bringing poetry and fiction closer to the people who otherwise would not have the opportunity to develop their creative talent, Bautista has been
holding regular funded and unfunded workshops throughout the country. In his campus lecture circuits, Bautista has updated students and student-writers
on literary developments and techniques.

Philippine-Literature in Eng - Module Midterm and Final

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Philippine-Literature in Eng - Module Midterm and Final

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Philippine-Literature in Eng - Module Midterm and Final

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY

COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS AND SCIENCES

ONLINE/MODULE COURSE GUIDE

PHILLIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

Course Code: Philippine Literature in English (LIT 001)

Course Unit: 3 units

Module 2: History of Philippine Literature

Module 4: Colonial period

Module 5: Drama: Elements, Classification, Techniques in Reading Drama

Module 6: Non-Fiction: Narrative Non-Fiction

Module 7: Literature under the Spanish Colonial Period

Module 10: Contemporary Literature- Regional Literature: Contemporary Poetry.

UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY

Module 12: Modern Theater Play

At the end of the

WEEK 1 • Course *Lecture • Lecture 3 HOURS

A) Define LESSON I • Discussion • Recitatio • Power Point Presentation 3 HOURS

UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY

A) Identify the LESSON II • Discussion • Recitatio • Power Point Presentation 3 HOURS

A) Appreciate LESSON III • Discussion • Recitatio • Power Point Presentation 3 HOURS

UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY

A) LESSON V • Discussion • Recitatio • Power Point Presentation 6 HOURS

UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY

WEEK 9 - MIDTERM EXAMINATION 3 HOURS

A) LESSON VII • Discussion • Recitatio • Power Point Presentation 3 HOURS

A) LESSON VIII • Discussion • Recitatio • Power Point Presentation 3 HOURS

UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY

A) LESSON IX • Discussion • Recitatio • Power Point Presentation 3 HOURS

A) LESSON X • Discussion • Recitatio • Power Point Presentation 3 HOURS

UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY

A) LESSON XII • • • 3 HOURS

FINAL EXAMINATION 3 HOURS

SAMPLE COURSE SUGGESTED TOOLS:

IMPORTANCE OF LITERATURE (Shimmer Chinodya, 1992:36)

• Literature improves your command of language

Activity 2: Connect words related to kinds of literature

Module 2: HISTORY OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE

PRE- COLONIAL PERIOD

Folk Narratives- Folklore (Alamat/Legend)

It is a story passed by mouth rather that writings.

• Comes from Latin word Lagenda which means ‘things to be read’.

Example author: E. Arsenio Manuel

• Fables are fiction.

Folk Speech: Proverbs

Folk Speech: Riddles

Activity 3. 1: Complete the table below based on Lesson 3

• Legend comes from a Latin word Lagenda which means?

9. Give the significant sources of Philippine Mythologies.

A. Oral Literature & Written Literature

10-15Give at least 5 characteristics of Fable

Module 4: Colonial period

Spanish influences on the Philippine Literature

Techniques for Reading Poetry Aloud

Short Story: Definition and Elements

Elements of a Short Story:

Activity 1: Follow the instructions carefully:

• Form into 5 groups. Each group will be given a piece to read.

Here is the piece “ I Am a Filipino “ By Dali Soriano

Direction: Write the correct answer by writing the letter only.