Cell Outage Detection and Compensation

Cell Outage Detection and Compensation

 Cell unavailability faults greatly affect user experience. To ensure the reliability of cell
outage detection, the cell unavailability event and ALM-29240 Cell Unavailable are
reported independently. This way, if this alarm is manually inappropriately masked or
goes unnoticed due to an alarm storm, the event is still reported to the MAE-Access
for cell outage detection. This setting helps you obtain outage cell data and restore
services in cases where ALM-29240 Cell Unavailable is masked. Therefore, you are
advised to select the Generate alarm on cell outage check box on the MAE-Access.
 When the monitoring duration and threshold of the duration of cells in the no-traffic
state are calculated:
The duration of cells in the non-idle and no-traffic state X is calculated based on
the parameter settings and traffic volumes in the previous three weeks. X is from
2 to 168 hours, which depends on historical traffic volumes. A high historical
traffic volume indicates a small X.
 X is the duration (2 to 168 hours) of the no-traffic state of a cell, determined based on
the traffic volume over the last three weeks. A higher traffic volume leads to a smaller
value of X, and a lower traffic volume leads to a larger value of X. The interval for
updating X is determined based on Cell traffic model update period set on the GUI.
 The measurement period for a cell is determined based on the traffic volume over the
last three weeks.
 When sleeping cell detection is enabled, the eNodeB automatically performs the
following operations:
 Starts the no-traffic detection timer when the no-traffic detection time specified
by the CellNoAccessAlmPara.NoAccessStartDetectTimer parameter arrives.
 The no-traffic detection timer specifies the time that the eNodeB
calculates the number of UEs in a cell. The length of the timer can be
set through the CellNoAccessAlmPara.NoAccessDetectTimer
parameter.
 Calculates the number of UEs in the cell.
 The eNodeB calculates the number of UEs in the cell within the time
specified by the CellNoAccessAlmPara.NoAccessDetectTimer
parameter.
 Determines whether the timer has expired.
 The eNodeB determines whether the timer has expired according to the
value of the CellNoAccessAlmPara.NoAccessDetectTimer parameter.
 Determines whether the number of UEs in the cell is 0.
 The MAE-Access lists the KPIs that can be selected on the GUI, and users can select
required KPIs and set KPI rules.
 Cell outage detection based on customized KPI is performed once every hour.
 Scenarios where internal audit counters are abnormal for outage cell detection
Scenario Counter Criteria
When the number of contention-based

• Number of random access preambles exceeds a
contention-based specified threshold, a cell is considered an
Abnormal
random access outage cell if either of the following criteria is
contention-
preambles met:
based random
• Number of random • More than half of the preambles are
access
access requests discarded during inter-layer transmission.
(RARs) • The number of preambles is more than
twice that of RARs.
When the number of RRC Connection

Request messages (retransmitted messages
excluded) exceeds a specified threshold, a
• Number of RRC
cell is considered an outage cell if either of the
Connection
Abnormal RRC following criteria is met:
Request messages
connection • The number of RRC Connection Request
• Number of RRC
setup messages is more than twice that of RRC
Connection Setup
Connection Setup messages.
messages
• At least 10 RRC Connection Setup
messages are transmitted between layers,
and more than half of them are discarded.
 Service adjustment for outage cells is performed in two phases:

 Before outage cells are recovered, the recovery will affect services of
connected-mode UEs in the cells, and therefore services of these UEs must be
adjusted.
 After outage cells are recovered, services in the cells that have not recovered
for a long period following the recovery operations must be adjusted, and the
cells must be isolated to prevent the impacts on the network performance.
 If the MAE-Access determines that a sleeping cell is an outage cell, obtain and
observe the KPIs generated during the most recent 72 or more hours, including the
cell outage period.
 If the historical traffic of a cell changes significantly (from service access to
non-service access) at the time around cell outage, the cell is probably a
sleeping cell. In this situation, you are advised to recover the cell.
 If the historical traffic of a cell fluctuates sharply, you are advised to delay
recovering the cell. About 2 to 3 hours later, confirm the cell status again. If the
cell outage persists, you are advised to recover the cell.
 The cell outage detection and compensation function is used as an example.

 Different types of cell outage detection and compensation functions can be activated
as follows:
 Perform 1 through 3 for the cell outage detection functions implemented on the
following basis:
 A cell unavailability alarm
 Sleeping state of cells
 Preset KPIs
 An internal audit
 Perform 1, 2, 4, and 5 for the cell outage detection function implemented
based on abnormal customized KPIs.
 Important notes for selecting the outage cell recovery mode:

 The system performs outage cell recovery using the selected recovery mode.
 Outage cell recovery impacts are significant. Ensure that an appropriate mode
is selected based on the setting notes. To prevent the impacts of cell restart on
online UEs, select Recover after Manual Acknowledgement. To ignore the
impacts and reduce required manpower, select Automatically Recover.
 Important notes for enabling automatic outage cell isolation:
 After an outage cell is isolated, UEs cannot access or be handed over to the
outage cell, causing great impacts. Therefore, enable this function only when
the impacts can be ignored.
 An automatically isolated outage cell can exit from the isolated state after it is
removed from the outage cell list.
 Enable preset KPI detection: If this option is selected, outage cells can be detected
based on abnormal preset KPIs.
 Enable internal audit: If this option is specified, cell outage can be detected and
recovered based on eNodeB audit results.
 Enable incoming handover anomaly judgment: If this option is selected, sleeping cells
can be considered outage cells based on abnormal incoming handovers. It is
recommended that this option be selected.
 Enable cell unavailability fault detection: If this option is selected, outage cells can be
detected based on cell unavailability.
 Enable long-time no-traffic judgment: If this option is selected, a sleeping cell can be
considered an outage cell when it stays in the no-traffic state for a long time. It is
recommended that this option be selected.
 Cell traffic model update period: Frequency at which the system updates the sleeping
cell (SLC) algorithm parameters (including the detection period and minimum no-
traffic duration)
 Minimum no-traffic period (h): Minimum no-traffic duration of a cell. If the no-traffic
duration calculated by the SLC algorithm is longer than the duration specified by this
parameter, the no-traffic duration calculated by the SLC algorithm is used as a
threshold. Otherwise, the duration specified by this parameter is used as a threshold.
 No-traffic period (h): Used for determining outage cells. If the cumulative no-traffic
duration of a cell exceeds this threshold, the cell is considered an outage cell. Value
range: 1 to 720; default value: 96
 Monitoring period(s): Hours during which KPIs are monitored. Default value: 8 to 20
(indicating 8:00 to 20:00)
 Generate alarm on cell outage: If this option is selected, the MAE-Access generates
cell outage alarms after determining that a cell is an outage cell based on the
monitored KPIs of the cell, such as the no-traffic duration, RRC setup success rate, E-
RAB setup success rate, and service drop rate, as well as the cell outage notification
reported by the eNodeB.
 Outage cell recovery mode:
Three recovery modes are available:
 Recover after Manual Acknowledgement: The system waits for manual
selection of a recovery method before recovering an outage cell. Six recovery
methods are involved: Reactive Cell, Reset Base Station, Reset RRU, Reset
RRU Through Powering-off, Reset BBP, and Reset BBP Through
Powering-off.
 Automatically Recover: The system automatically attempts to recover an
outage cell. Only one recovery method is available: Restart Cell. If an outage
cell is detected based on an alarm, Automatically Recover does not take
effect.
 No Recover: The system does not recover outage cells.
 Auto isolate outage cells: This option determines whether the eNodeB isolates an
outage cell when Outage cell recovery mode is set to No Recover; or when it is set
to Recover after Manual Acknowledgement or Automatically Recover but the cell
does not recover within the duration specified by Estimated recovery duration (h)
after the eNodeB attempts to recover it. After the eNodeB isolates an outage cell, UEs
cannot access or be handed over to this cell.
 Estimated recovery duration (h): If a cell cannot be recovered within the duration
specified by this parameter after reactivation, operations for isolating outage cells are
performed again for this cell.
 RRC setup number: Used for the eNodeB to detect outage cells based on abnormal
preset KPIs. Value range: 1 to 4294967295; default value: 20
 RRC setup success rate (%): RRC setup success rate = Number of successful RRC
setup attempts/Number of RRC setup attempts; Used for the eNodeB to detect outage
cells based on abnormal preset KPIs. Value range: 1 to 100; default value: 5
 E-RAB setup number: Used for the eNodeB to detect outage cells based on abnormal
preset KPIs. Value range: 1 to 4294967295; default value: 20
 E-RAB setup success rate (%): E-RAB setup success rate = Number of successful E-
RAB setup attempts/Number of E-RAB setup attempts; Used for the eNodeB to detect
outage cells based on abnormal preset KPIs. Value range: 1 to 100; default value: 5
 Service release number: Used for the eNodeB to detect outage cells based on
abnormal preset KPIs. Value range: 1 to 4294967295; default value: 20
 Abnormal release rate (%): Used for the eNodeB to detect outage cells based on
abnormal preset KPIs. Value range: 1 to 100; default value: 95
 The cell outage detection and compensation function is used as an example.

 To verify the activation of this function, query the outage cell list, cell outage alarms,
or self-organizing network (SON) logs. In this example, the outage cell list is used.
 If a cell served by the selected eNodeB is considered a cell with an excessively low
traffic volume, it is displayed on the Ultra-low Traffic Cells tab page in the LTE Cell
Outage and Recovery window.
 Using the Reset RRU or Reset RRU Through Power-off method will reset all the
RRUs that serve an outage SFN cell.
 Using the Reset BBP or Reset BBP Through Power-off method will reset all the
BBPs that serve an outage SFN cell.
 Using the Reset BBP and Reset BBP Through Power-off methods may affect
normal cells because a BBP may also serve a normal cell while serving an outage cell
or after deactivation of the outage cell.
 Answer to question 1: Cell outage is a phenomenon that a UE cannot access cell

services or there is significant key performance indicator (KPI) deterioration due to
faults, alarms, or other reasons. Cell outage significantly affects network performance
and user experience, especially on single-frequency single-RAT networks.
 Answer to question 2:
 NE software and hardware are faulty, which will trigger alarms.
 In a macro eNodeB, a fault may reside in a Remote Radio Unit (RRU),
Radio Frequency Unit (RFU), baseband board, Common Public Radio
Interface (CPRI) port, feeder, transmission link, or others.
 In a micro eNodeB, a fault may reside in a BRU, board, feeder,
transmission link or others.
 There are unknown software and hardware faults.
These faults cannot be detected by an eNodeB and occur on common or
physical channels. Alarms are not reported for this type of fault.
 Answer to question 3: There are four types of cell outage detection: Cell outage
detection based on alarms, cell outage detection based on sleeping cells, cell outage
detection based on abnormal KPIs, and cell outage detection based on internal audit.

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Cell Outage Detection and Compensation

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Cell Outage Detection and Compensation

Cell Outage Detection and Compensation

Scenario Counter Criteria

When the number of contention-based

When the number of RRC Connection

 Service adjustment for outage cells is performed in two phases:

 The cell outage detection and compensation function is used as an example.

 Important notes for selecting the outage cell recovery mode:

 The cell outage detection and compensation function is used as an example.

 Answer to question 1: Cell outage is a phenomenon that a UE cannot access cell

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