ASSIGNMENT#1

Uzma Nisar | CIIT/sp21-Rcs-033/ISB

MS Computer Science (Fall-21) | Theory of Programming Languages
Dr. Manzoor Illahi Tamimy
18-03-2021
 Department of Computer Science – Comsats University Islamabad

1. Amicable numbers are found in pairs. A given pair of numbers is Amicable if the sum of the
proper divisors (not including itself) of one number is equal to the other number and vice – versa.

For example, 220 & 284 are amicable numbers first we find the proper divisors of 220:

220:1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 11, 20, 22, 44, 55, 110

1+ 2 + 4 + 5 + 10 + 11 + 20 + 22 + 44 + 55 + 110 = 284

Now, 284: 1, 2, 4, 71, 142

1 + 2 + 4 + 71 + 142 = 220

Write a C program to check that the input pair of numbers is amicable

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
int N1, N2;
int sum1 = 0;
int sum2 = 0;
cout<<"please enter the first number: ";
cin>>N1;
cout<<"please enter the second number: ";
cin>>N2;
for(int i = 1; i <= N1/2; i++){
if(N1 % i == 0){
sum1 = sum1+i;
}
}
for(int i = 1; i <= N2/2; i++){
if(N2 % i == 0){
sum2 = sum2+i;
}
}
if(N1 == sum2 && sum1 == N2){
cout<<"This is Amicable";
}
else

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cout<<"Not Amicable";
}
return 0;
}

2. Write a C program to check if a number has three consecutive 5s. If yes, print YES, else print
NO.
Example:
Number: 1353554
Result: NO
Number: 345559
Result: YES
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){

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int input[10], count, i, num;

cout << "Enter Number of Elements in Array\n";
cin >> count;
cout << "Enter " << count << " numbers \n";
for(i = 0; i < count; i++){
cin >> input[i];
}
cout << "Enter a number to serach in Array\n";
cin >> num;
for(i = 0; i < count; i++){
if(input[i] == num && input[i+1] == num && input[i+2] == num){
cout << "Element found 3 times consecutively from index " << i <<" TO "<<i+2;
break;
}
}
if(i == count){
cout << "Element Not Present in Input Array\n";
}
return 0;
}

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3. Write a C++ program to roll a six-sided die 100 times.

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include<ctime>
#include <stdlib.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
srand((unsigned) time (NULL));
int arr[6]= {0,0,0,0,0,0};
for(int i=0;i<100;i++)
{

arr[rand()%6] +=1;

}
for(int i=0;i<6;i++)
{
cout<<(i+1)<<" rolled "<<arr[i]<<" times "<<endl;
}
return 0;
}

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4. Write a c program which reads a paragraph from user and count number of words in a
paragraph.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int count=0;
cout<<"Please write a paragraph which you want to count"<<"\n";
string paragraph;
getline(cin,paragraph);
cout<<paragraph<<"\n";
cout<<"Length of the paragraph is: " <<paragraph.length();
return 0;
}

5. Write a c program which reads values of array and print array in reverse order.
include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
int array[8]={1,5,4,8,9,2,3,7};
int i;
cout<<"The array in the original order is: ";
for(i=0;i<8;i++){

cout<<array[i];

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cout<<"\n";
cout<<"The Array in the Reverse order is:";
for(i=7;i>=0;i--){

cout<<array[i];
}
return 0;
}.

6. Write a C program to find the missing character in an array.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int n, i, j, c, t, b;

cout<<"Enter size of array : ";

cin>>n;
int array[n - 1]; /* array size-1 */

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cout<<"Enter elements into array : \n";

for (i = 0; i < n - 1; i++)
cin>>array[i];
b = array[0];
for (i = 1; i < n - 1; i++)
b = b ^ array[i];
for (i = 2, c = 1; i <= n; i++)
c = c ^ i;
c = c ^ b;
cout<<"Missing element is : \n" << c <<endl;
return 0;
}

7. Write a program in C to find the sumof (productsof) lower and upper triangular elements
of a matrix.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int num[20][20], i,j,n,matrixproduct=1, matrixproduct1=1;
cout << "Enter number of rows and columns of Matrix: ";

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cin >> n;
cout << "\nEnter Matrix Elements! ";
for(i=0; i<n; i++)
{
for(j=0; j<n; j++)
{
cout << "\nEnter elements in matrix: ", i,j;
cin >> num[i][j];
}
}
cout << "Matrix is as follows \n";

for(i=0; i<n; i++)

{
for(j=0; j<n; j++)
{
cout << num[i][j] << " ";
}
cout << endl;}cout << endl;
// product of upper triangular
for(i=0; i<n; i++){
for(j=0; j<n; j++){
if(i<j)
{
matrixproduct*=num[i][j];
}}}
cout << "product of upper triangular matrix " << matrixproduct;
cout << endl;
// product of lower triangular
for(i=0; i<n; i++)
{
for(j=0; j<n; j++)
{
if(i>j)

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{
matrixproduct1*=num[i][j];
}
}
}
cout << "product of lower triangular matrix " << matrixproduct1 << endl;
int res= matrixproduct+matrixproduct1;
cout << "Sum of upper and lower triangular matrices are : "<< res;
return 0;
}

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8. Determine the size, minimum and maximum value following data types. Please specify if
your machine is 32 bit or 64 bits in the answer.

a) Char
b) Short
c) Unsigned char
d) Unsigned int
e) Int
f) Unsigned long
g) Float
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int i,value;
char c;
float f;
short s;
unsigned int ui;
unsigned char uch;
unsigned long unl;
value = 9816253748586;
cout<<"size of int" <<sizeof(i)<<endl;
cout<<"size of char" <<sizeof(c)<<endl;
cout<<"size of float" <<sizeof(f)<<endl;
cout<<"size of short" <<sizeof(s)<<endl;
cout<<"size of unsigned int" <<sizeof(ui)<<endl;
cout<<"size of unsigned char" <<sizeof(uch)<<endl;
cout<<"size of unsigned long" <<sizeof(unl)<<endl;

cout<<value;
return 0;
}

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9. Swap two numbers in C using addition, subtraction, and assignment operators:

Logic.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int x = 10, y = 5;
x = x + y;
y = x - y;
x = x - y;
cout << "After Swapping: x =" << x << ", y=" << y;
return 0;
}

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10. Write a C program to compare two numbers without IF statement.

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{

int firstNo;
int secondNo;
int compare;

cout<<"Enter first number : ";

cin>>firstNo;
cout<<"Enter second number : ";
cin>>secondNo;
compare=(firstNo>secondNo)?firstNo:secondNo;
cout<<"greater value is "<<compare<<endl;
compare=(firstNo<secondNo)?firstNo:secondNo;
cout<<"smaller value is "<<compare<<endl;
return 0;

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11. Write a C program to find all roots of a quadratic equation.

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;

int main() {

float a, b, c, x1, x2, discriminant, realPart, imaginaryPart;

cout << "Enter coefficients a, b and c: ";
cin >> a >> b >> c;
discriminant = b*b - 4*a*c; //formula of quadratic euqation

if (discriminant > 0) {
x1 = (-b + sqrt(discriminant)) / (2*a);
x2 = (-b - sqrt(discriminant)) / (2*a);
cout << "Roots are real and different." << endl;
cout << "x1 = " << x1 << endl;
cout << "x2 = " << x2 << endl;

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else if (discriminant == 0) {
cout << "Roots are real and same." << endl;
x1 = -b/(2*a);
cout << "x1 = x2 =" << x1 << endl;
}

else {
realPart = -b/(2*a);
imaginaryPart =sqrt(-discriminant)/(2*a);
cout << "Roots are complex and different." << endl;
cout << "x1 = " << realPart << "+" << imaginaryPart << "i" << endl;
cout << "x2 = " << realPart << "-" << imaginaryPart << "i" << endl;
}

return 0;
}

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12. Write a C program to check whether a character is an alphabet, digit, or special character.

#include <iostream>
int isAlphabet(char l)
{
int ascii=l;
if(( l>=65 && l<=90) || (l>=97 && l<=122))
{

return 1;

}
return 0;
}
int isDigit(char l)
{
int ascii=l;
if((l>=48 && l<=57))
{

return 1;

}
return 0;
}
int isSpecialChar(char l)
{

if(isDigit(l) || isAlphabet(l))
{
return 0;

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return 1;
}
int main()
{
char letter;
printf("Enter a Character :");
scanf("%c",&letter);
printf("is Alphabet:%d\n",isAlphabet(letter));
printf("is Digit:%d\n",isDigit(letter));
printf("is Special Character:%d\n",isSpecialChar(letter));
return 0; }

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13. Display Armstrong number between intervals

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
int number,i,digit,sum=0;
cout<<"Arm Strong Number from 1 to 999 are :";
for(i=1;i<1000;i++)
{ number=i;
while(number>0)
{
digit = number%10;
sum+=digit*digit*digit;
number=number/10; }
if(sum==i)
cout<<"\n"<<i;
sum=0;
}
}

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14. Write a C program to find the eligibility of admission for a professional course based on
the following criteria:

Eligibility Criteria : Marks in Maths >=65 and Marks in Phy >=55 and Marks in
Chem>=50 and Total in all three subject >=190 or Total in Maths and Physics >=140 -------
------------------------------ Input the marks obtained in Physics :65 Input the marks obtained
in Chemistry :51 Input the marks obtained in Mathematics :72 Total marks of Maths,
Physics and Chemistry : 188 Total marks of Maths and Physics : 137 The candidate is not
eligible.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int maths,physics,chemistry;
cout<<"please enter the marks in Maths :";
cin>>maths;
cout<<"please enter the marks in Physics :";
cin>>physics;
cout<<"please enter the marks in Chemistry :";
cin>>chemistry;

if(maths>=65 && physics>=55 && chemistry>=50 && (maths+physics+chemistry)>=180)

cout<<"Congrats! you are eligible for admission";
else if (maths+physics>=140)
cout<<"Congrats! you are eligible for admission";
else
cout<<"Oops sorry you are not eligible for admission";
return 0;
}

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15. Using precedence rules, evaluate the following expressions and determine the value of the
variables (without running the code). Also rewrite them using parenthesis to make the order
explicit.
a) Assume (x=0xFF33,MASK=0xFF00).Expression: c=x & MASK ==0;

The operator precedence is ‘= =’ >’&’>’=’. Thus, the expression is equivalent to c= (x &

(MASK == 0)). Therefore x= 0xFF33, c=0.

b) Assume (x=10,y=2,z=2;).Expression: z=y=x++ + ++y∗2;

The operator precedence is ‘= =’>’&’>’=’.thus, the expression is equivalent to z= (x++) +

((++y)*2). Therefore x = 11, y=3, z=10+3*2=16

c) Assume (x=10,y=4,z=1;).Expression: y>>= x&0x2 && z

The operator precedence is ‘&’>’&&’>’>>=’.thus the expression is equivalent to y>>=(x&

0x2) && z. therefore x=10,y=2,z=1.

16. Determine the hierarchy of operations and evaluate the following expression:

𝟑+𝟒𝒙 𝟏𝟎(𝒚−𝟓)(𝒂+𝒃+𝒄) 𝟒 𝟗+𝒙

a) − + 𝟗( + )
𝟓 𝒙 𝒙 𝒚

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𝒇𝒊𝒓𝒔𝒕 𝒘𝒆 𝒆𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒅
(3 + 4 * x)/5 – 10 * (y - 5)*(a + b + c)/x + 9 *(4 / x + (9 + x)/y)
• Operators contained within pairs of parentheses are evaluated first.
• Parentheses can be nested, in which case the expression in the inner parentheses is evaluated
first.
• Multiplication, division, and remainder operators are applied next.
Order of operation is applied from left to right.
Addition and subtraction are applied last.

b) 𝟓.5* ((𝒓 + 𝟐. 𝟓)𝟐.𝟓+𝒕 )

5.5 * Math.pow(r + 2.5, 2.5 + t)

𝟒 𝟑+𝒅(𝟐+𝒂)
c) − 𝟗(𝒂 + 𝒃𝒄) +
𝟑(𝒕+𝟑𝟒) 𝒂+𝒃𝒅

4.0 / (3 * (t+ 34)) - 9.0 * (a + b * c) + (3 + d * (2 + a))/ (a + b * d)

17. Write a program in C to merge one sorted array into another sorted array.
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
int arr[5] = {0 , 1, 6, 6,9};
int arr1[6] = {2, 3,7,9,11,12};
int sorted[11];
int i=0,j=0;
cout<<"My sorted Array is: "<<endl;
for(int k = 0; k<11; k++){

if(arr[i] < arr1[j] && i<5){

sorted[k] = arr[i];
i++;
}else{
sorted[k] = arr1[j];

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j++;
}
}

for(int k = 0; k<11; k++){

cout<<sorted[k];}
return 0;
}

18. Write a C program to find and remove duplicate elements of array

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
int arr[16] = {1 , 2, 4, 6,8,2,2,3,4,6,7,8,9,1,12};
for(int i = 0; i<16; i++){
int Val = arr[i];
for(int j=i+1;j<16;j++){

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if(Val == arr[j]){
arr[j] = 0;
}
}
}
for(int k = 0;k<16;k++){
cout<<arr[k];
}
return 0;
}

19. Write a C program, that reads list of n integer and print sum of product of consecutive
numbers.
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
int n,sum=0;

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cout<<"Enter size of the list which you want to read:";

cin>>n;
int list[n];
cout<<"Enter Numbers in Array: "<<endl;
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
{

cout<<"LIST OF ARRAY IS [" <<i<<"] " ;

cin>>list[i];
}
for(int i=0;i<n-1;i++)
{

sum+=(list[i] * list [i+1]);

}
cout<<"Sum of Product of value is : " <<sum;
return 0;
}

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20. Write a C program to find the sum of First, Third and Last element of array and then replace
the zero index with sum. Then find the product of second and fourth element and place it at index
1 of array. Then sort the values of array in descending order to print array. Also show stack trace
for this program.
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
int n, m, sum;
cout<<"please enter the size of array you want to make: ";
cin>>n;
int array[n];
cout<<"array initialization: "<<endl;
for(int i = 0; i <n; i++){
cout<<"please enter the "<<m<<" value: ";
cin>>array[i];
m++;
}
sum = array[0]+ array[2]+ array[n-1];
array[0] = sum;
array[1] = array[1]*array[3];
int temp;
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(int j=i+1;j<n;j++)
{
if(array[i]<array[j])
{
temp =array[i];
array[i]=array[j];
array[j]=temp;
}

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}
}

for(int i= 0 ;i<n; i++){

cout<<array[i]<<" ";
}return 0;}

21. Write a program in C++ to check overflow/underflow during various arithmetical operation

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
cout << "\n\n Check overflow/underflow during various arithmetical operation :\n";
cout << " Range of int is [-2147483648, 2147483647]"<< endl;
cout << "---------------------------------------------------------------------\n";
int n1 = 2147483647; // maximum range of integer
cout <<" Overflow the integer range and set in minimum range : " << n1 + 1 << endl;
cout <<" Increasing from its minimum range : " << n1 + 2 << endl;

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cout <<" Product is :" << n1 * n1 << endl;

int n2 = -2147483648; // minimum range of integer

cout <<" Underflow the range and set in maximum range : " << n2 - 1 << endl;
cout <<" Decreasing from its maximum range : " << n2 - 2 << endl;
cout <<" Product is : " << n2 * n2 << endl;
cout << endl;
return 0;
}

22. Write a program in C to find the pivot element of a sorted and rotated array using binary
search
#include <stdio.h>
int findPivotElem(int *arr1, int left_elem, int right_elem)
{
if (right_elem < left_elem)
return -1;
if (right_elem == left_elem)
return left_elem;
int mid_elem = (left_elem + right_elem)/2;
if (mid_elem < right_elem && arr1[mid_elem] > arr1[mid_elem + 1])

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return mid_elem;
if (mid_elem > left_elem && arr1[mid_elem] < arr1[mid_elem - 1])
return mid_elem-1;
if (arr1[left_elem] >= arr1[mid_elem])
{
return findPivotElem(arr1, left_elem, mid_elem-1);
} else
{
return findPivotElem(arr1, mid_elem + 1, right_elem);
}
}
int main()
{
int i;
int arr1[] = {14, 23, 7, 9, 3, 6, 18, 22, 16, 36};
int ctr = sizeof(arr1)/sizeof(arr1[0]);
printf("The given array is : ");
for(i = 0; i < ctr; i++)
{
printf("%d ", arr1[i]);
}
printf("\n");
printf("The Pivot Element in the array is : %d \n", arr1[findPivotElem(arr1, 0, ctr-1) + 1]);
return 0;
}

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23. Write a C program which read an upper-case character array from user and replace each
character with lower case ascii value of same character.
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
using namespace std;
void populateArray(char arr[], int arrSize)
{
for(int i=0; i<arrSize;i++)
{
cin>>arr[i];
}
}
void displayArray(char arr[], int arrSize)
{
for(int i=0; i<arrSize;i++)
{
cout<<arr[i]<<" ";
}
}

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void lowerCase(char arr[], int arrSize)

{
for (int i=0; i<arrSize; i++)
{
arr[i]=arr[i]+32;
}
}

void multiplyOp(int arr[], int arrSize)

{
arr[1] =arr[1]*arr[3];
}
void sortArray(int arr[], int arrSize)
{
for(int i=0; i<arrSize; i++)
{
for(int j=0; j<arrSize; j++)
if(arr[i]>arr[j])
{
arr[i]=(arr[j]+arr[i])-(arr[j]=arr[i]);
}
}
}
int main()
{
int arrSize;
cout<<"Enter size of array \n";
cin>>arrSize;
char arr[arrSize];
cout<<"Enter Capital Characters \n";
populateArray(arr, arrSize);

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cout<<"input Array :";

displayArray(arr, arrSize);
cout<<"\nLower case array : ";
lowerCase(arr, arrSize);
displayArray(arr, arrSize);

return 0;
}

24. Write a C program that prints pyramid and half pyramid.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int n;

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cout << "Enter number of lines: ";

cin >> n;

cout << endl;

// loop for line number of lines

for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
{
// loop to print leading spaces in each line
for(int space = 0; space <= n - i; space++)
{
cout << " ";
}

// loop to print *
for(int j = 1; j <= i * 2 - 1; j++)
{
cout << " * ";
}

cout << endl;

}

cout << endl;

cout << endl;

// half pyramid
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
{
for(int j = 1; j <= i; j++)

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{
cout << " * ";
}
cout << endl;
}

return 0;
}

25. Write a C program to find whether one array is subset of other array or both arrays are
mirror image of one another.
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
bool isSubset(int arr1[], int arr2[],
int m, int n)
{
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {

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for (j = 0; j < m; j++) {

if (arr2[i] == arr1[j])
break;
}
if (j == m)
return 0;
}

return 1;
}

int main()
{
int n,m;
cout<<"\nEnter the size of Array 1 : "<<endl;
cin>>m;
cout<<"\nEnter the size of Array 2 : "<<endl;
cin>>n;
int arr1[m],arr2[n];
int i;
cout<<"\nInput the Array 1 elements : "<<endl;
for(i = 0; i < m; i++)
{
cin>>arr1[i];
}
cout<<"\nInput the Array 2 elements : "<<endl;
for(i = 0;i<n;i++)
{
cin>>arr2[i];
}

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m = sizeof(arr1) / sizeof(arr1[0]);
n = sizeof(arr2) / sizeof(arr2[0]);

if (isSubset(arr1, arr2, m, n))

printf("arr2[] is subset of arr1[] ");
else
printf("arr2[] is not a subset of arr1[]");

getchar();
return 0;
}

26. Write a program in C to find the ceil & floor of any element in an array.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int FindCeil(int arr1[], int n, int x)
{
int low = 0, high = n - 1, mid;

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int ceil = -1;

while (low <= high)
{
mid = (low + high) / 2;
if (arr1[mid] == x)
return arr1[mid];
else if (x < arr1[mid])
{
ceil = arr1[mid];
high = mid - 1;
}
else
low = mid + 1;
}
return ceil;
}

int FindFloor(int arr1[], int n, int x)

{
int low = 0, high = n - 1, mid;
int floor = -1;
while (low <= high)
{
mid = (low + high) / 2;
if (arr1[mid] == x)
return arr1[mid];
else if (x < arr1[mid])
high = mid - 1;
else
{
floor = arr1[mid];

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low = mid + 1;
}
} return floor;
}
int main()
{
int n;
cout<< "\nEnter the size of Array : " << endl;
cin>>n;
int arr1[n],i;
cout<<"\nInput the Array 1 elements : "<< endl;
for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
cin>>arr1[i];
}
int ctr = sizeof(arr1) / sizeof(arr1[0]);
cout<<"The given array is : "<<endl;
for(i = 0; i < ctr; i++)
{
cout<<arr1[i];
}
cout<<"\n";

for (int i = 0; i <= 10; i++)

{
cout<<"\n\n number: "<< i;
cout<<"\nceiling is: " <<FindCeil(arr1, ctr, i);
cout<<"\nfloor is: " << FindFloor(arr1, ctr, i);
}
return 0;
}

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27. Write a C program to reverse the sum of consecutive numbers

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int reversDigits(int num)
{
int rev_num = 0;
while (num > 0) {
rev_num = rev_num * 10 + num % 10;
num = num / 10;
}
return rev_num;
}
int main() {
int num, sum = 0;

cout << "Enter a positive integer: ";

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cin >> num;

for (int i = 1; i <= num; ++i) {

sum += i;
}
cout << "Sum = " << sum;
cout << "\nReverse the sum of: " << reversDigits(sum);
}

28. Write a C++ program to isolate rightmost zero bit of a number.

Output:
original number before isolating rightmost 0 bit: 11
new number after isolating rightmost 0 bit: 4

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int isolate_rightmost_zerobit(int n)
{
int mask1=n+1; //add 1 to original number

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int mask2=~(n); // bitwise complement of original number

return (mask1&mask2); // new number after isolating rightmost 0 bit
}

//driver program to check the code

int main()
{
int num;

cout<<"Enter number: ";

cin>>num;
cout<<"original number before isolating rightmost 0 bit: "<<num<<endl;

int new_number= isolate_rightmost_zerobit(num);

cout<<"new number after isolating rightmost 0 bit: "<<new_number<<endl;

return 0;
}

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29. Write a program to determine color of chess square.

#include<cctype>

using namespace std;

int main()

char string[10], x;

cout << "Enter the coordinates of the square, \

\n the first coordinate A to H and second coordinate 1 to 8: ";

cin.getline(string, 10);

x = string[0];

x = tolower(x);

string[0] = x;

if (string[0] == 'a' || string[0] == 'c' || string[0] == 'e' || string[0] == 'g')

if (string[1] == '1' || string[1] == '3' || string[1] == '5' || string[1] == '7')

cout << "Black square";

else

cout << "White square";

else

if (string[1] == '1' || string[1] == '3' || string[1] == '5' || string[1] == '7')

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cout << "white square";

else

cout << "Black square";

return 0;

30. Write a program in C which is a Menu-Driven Program to compute the area of the various
geometrical shape.

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()

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int choice,r,l,w,b,h;

float area;

cout<<"Input 1 for area of Circle\n";

cout<<"Input 2 for area of Triangle\n";

cout<<"Input 3 for area of Rectangle\n";

cout<<"Input your choice : ";

cin>>choice;

switch(choice)

case 1:

cout<<"\nInput radius of the circle : ";

cin>>r;

area=3.14*r*r;

break;

case 2:

cout<<"\nInput the base and hight of the triangle :";

cin>>b;

cin>>h;

area=.5*b*h;

break;

case 3:

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cout<<"\nInput length and width of the rectangle : ";

cin>>l;

cin>>w;

area=l*w;

break;

cout<<"The area is : \n"<< area <<endl;

31. Write a program in C which is a Menu-Driven Program to do all arithmetic operations. Make
sure there is different function for each individual arithmetic operation. Values for arithmetic
operations should be read from the user. Program will only exit from the last available choice of
menu available in your program (exit). Your program must contain data validation checks on
every input from the keyboard.

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#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

void showChoices();
float add(float, float);
float subtract(float, float);
float multiply(float, float);
float divide(float, float);

int main()
{
float x, y;
int choice;
do
{
showChoices();
cin >> choice;
switch (choice)
{
case 1:
cout << "Enter two numbers: ";
cin >> x >> y;
cout << "Sum " << add(x,y) <<endl;
break;
case 2:
cout << "Enter two numbers: ";
cin >> x >> y;
cout << "Difference " << subtract(x,y) <<endl;
break;
case 3:

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cout << "Enter two numbers: ";

cin >> x >> y;
cout << "Product " << multiply(x,y) <<endl;
break;
case 4:
cout << "Enter two numbers: ";
cin >> x >> y;
cout << "Quotient " << divide(x,y) <<endl;
break;
case 5:
break;
default:
cout << "Invalid input" << endl;
}
}while (choice != 5);

return 0;
}

void showChoices()
{
cout << "MENU" << endl;
cout << "1: Add " << endl;
cout << "2: Subtract" << endl;
cout << "3: Multiply " << endl;
cout << "4: Divide " << endl;
cout << "5: Exit " << endl;
cout << "Enter your choice :";
}

float add(float a, float b)

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{
return a + b;
}

float subtract(float a, float b)

{
return a - b;
}

float multiply(float a, float b)

{
return a * b;
}

float divide(float a, float b)

{
return a / b;
}

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32. Fix the errors and write output of following statements:

a) printf ("TRUE %nOR %nFALSE");

b) printf ("10 %% 4 = 2");
c) println("Hello! \f How are you all? ");
d) println("\\- this is a backslash. ");
e) println("Good Morning\t Geeks! ");
f) println("Hi Learners, welcome to \"CUI\".");
g) printf( "%s\n%s\n%s\n", "*", "***", "*****" );
h) printf(“%+d”, 2502);
i) printf ("|%-20.4f|", 1234.1234);
j) printf ("10 %% 4 = 2");
k) printf ( "%E", 123.1234);
l) e= 123.1234;
println("UpperCase Scientific Notation" + " using %E: " + e);
m) Int x=1245;
printf("Number: %o\n", x);
n) Long n= 461012;

printf ("%+8d%n", n);

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o) Double pi= 3.142;

printf ("%.3f%n", pi);
printf ("%10.3f%n", pi);
p) int x=6, y =12, z;

z=x*y;
s=x+y;
println("Product= " + z + “and” +" Sum= "+ s +".");
q) Int i=88;
printf ("%010d", i);
println ("value in 10 digits: + i);
r) println (%.10s", "12345678901234567890");
s) String firstname= Sara;
String lastname= Khan;
println("First Name: " + firstname + " Last Name: "+ lastname +".");
println ("First Name: %s", firstname);
println ("Last Name: %s", lastname);
t) printf("%s\n%s\n”, “Welcome to” , “ C programming”);
u) int a=6, b=12, c=12;
sum= a+b+c;
printf(“Sum is %d\n”, sum);
v) int num1=5;
int num2=6;
if (num1 !=num2)
printf(“%d != %d \n”, num1, num2 );
w) char str[] = "cprogrammingexercise";

printf("%20s\n", str);
printf("%-20s\n", str);
printf("%20.5s\n", str);
printf("%-20.5s\n", str);

x) int a = 0;

scanf("%d", &a); // input is 45

printf("%d\n", a);

y) int a = 0;
scanf("%i", &a);
printf("%d\n", a);
scanf("%i", &a);
printf("%d\n", a);

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z) char name[20] = "Bob";

int age = 21;
printf("Hello %s, you are %d years old\n", name, age);

a) True
b) 2
c) Hello! How are you all?
d) \- this is a backslash.
e) Good Morning Geeks!
f) Hi Learners, welcome to "CUI".
g) *
*
***
h) 2504
i) |1234.1234 |
j) 10 % 4 = 2
k) 1.231234E+002
l) UpperCase Scientific Notation using 1.231234E+002:
m) Number: 2335
n) +461012
o) 3.142 3.142
p) Product= 72 and Sum =18.
q) value in 10 digits: 0000000088
r) 1234567890
s) First Name: Sara Last Name: Khan. First Name: Sara Last Name: Khan
t) Welcome to
C programming
u) Sum is 30
v) 5 != 6
w) cprogrammingexercise
cprogrammingexercise
cprog
cprog
x) 45
y) if I input value 4 in a then output is also 4
z) Hello Bob, you are 21 years old

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