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The Secret of The Moon

The document discusses the Late Heavy Bombardment period and challenges the prevailing theories about its cause. It notes that the near side of the Moon shows evidence of massive impacts during this period while the far side does not. It argues that the impacts came from a single direction, not randomly from the asteroid belt as usually believed, and that the evidence does not support the theory that the bombardment occurred over 300 million years. It suggests reexamining the evidence with a new perspective.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
459 views44 pages

The Secret of The Moon

The document discusses the Late Heavy Bombardment period and challenges the prevailing theories about its cause. It notes that the near side of the Moon shows evidence of massive impacts during this period while the far side does not. It argues that the impacts came from a single direction, not randomly from the asteroid belt as usually believed, and that the evidence does not support the theory that the bombardment occurred over 300 million years. It suggests reexamining the evidence with a new perspective.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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K EN W PARSONS THE SECRET OF THE M OON

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K EN W PARSONS THE SECRET OF THE M OON

There are ideas that are not within the same box that we have been thinking about before,
and we should entertain these possibilities;
and we should only rule them out, one by one, on additional data or evidence.
Prof Abraham Loeb, Professor of Astrophysics, Harvard University

Our innate curiosity drives us to know the unknowable.

We have the ability to project and hypothesize, factually or fancifully, great scenarios from tiny

scraps of evidence. The exploration of the Moon by the Apollo missions of the late 1960s and

early 1970s gave rise to a scientific concept known generally as The Late Heavy Bombardment

(LHB) - or Lunar Cataclysm. Described by some as “somewhat controversial”, it is derived from

382 kilograms of melt-rock samples brought back from the Moon by the astronauts.

Scientists determined the ages of these Moon rocks to be between 4.1 and 3.8 billion years old

and the ancient melting of the rocks was ascribed to the enormous energy release from massive

impacts on the surface of the Moon, all leading to the

conclusion that the gigantic lava-filled basins, visible

to the naked eye from Earth, were caused by random

asteroid impacts over an extended period of 300

million years. The impact basin pictured here,

Mare Imbrium, is on a par with the Gulf of Mexico

with the whitish 100 kilometer-wide Copernicus crater

at the bottom providing scale. The LHB was called “late” because it happened about 700 million

years after the formation of the Solar System. The most popular theory as to the cause is that

monster asteroids were disturbed from their orbits in the asteroid belt by ‘orbital migrations’ of

the giant gas planet Jupiter and were thereby scattered into the inner Solar System, smashing

catastrophically into the Moon and the four inner planets.

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These assumptions however are challenged by the hard evidence which tells an entirely different

story. That is the purpose of this chapter.

For virtually the entire existence of the human race we have only ever seen the familiar face of

the Moon that has looked down unwaveringly on Earth for the past 4 billion years. It is only in

the last 60 years or so that we contrived to get a look-see at the other side when in October 1959

the Soviet robotic space probe, Luna 3, became the first explorer from Earth to pass around

behind the Moon and send back a few indistinct grainy images of the far side. Nine years later,

the American Apollo 8 spacecraft carried three intrepid astronauts - Jim Lovell, Frank Borman

and Bill Anders - around the Moon making them the first humans ever, not only to leave planet

Earth, but to travel to another body in the cosmos and see firsthand and close up, the far side of

the Moon. Since then scientists have been faced with a disturbing anomaly:

The familiar Earth-facing side of the Moon and the newly revealed far side do not match.

In the beginning

In the very distant past, the familiar face of the Moon was the victim of a brutal bombardment of

massive projectiles creating 23 huge impact basins. The sheer magnitude and energy of the

impacts shook the Moon to its foundations, crushed the crust and disturbed the interior, causing

volcanic magma to well up to the surface and flood the basins with hot molten lava.

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Over time the lava cooled, leaving the basins with a relatively smooth floor, which from Earth

had the appearance of seas - or maria in Latin. In the billions of years that followed new, very

much smaller meteorites, have struck these lava seas, impressing in them craters magnitudes

smaller than the massive basins caused by the heavy bombardment near 3.9 billion years ago.

Inexplicably, the far side of the Moon, which significantly never faces Earth, has no massive

lava-filled impact basins, only a pebble rash of conventional craters. Current theories are unable

to explain how, for 300 million years, the far side somehow did a Houdini and escaped the

bombardment. In addition, the crust of the Moon on the far side is nearly twice as thick as on

the near side and the highlands of the far side also have the highest mountains on the Moon,

thrust up by the shock waves of the impacts.

It is implausible that the 23 impacts on the Earth-facing side were random hits over an extended

period of 300 million years, all originating from the asteroid belt 200 million kilometers away as

assumed. Statistically that would be only one direct hit every 13 million years, randomly striking

an impossibly small target just 3474 kilometers in diameter - 23 strikes overlapping each other

in a tight grouping, on one side of the Moon only! Ballistically, the marksman-like grouping of

these hits indicates that it all happened suddenly, all together in a cataclysmic storm - possibly

within the space of a few hours - like a single blast from a shotgun at close range.

The Earth, Moon and the inner planets are surrounded by the asteroid belt, a gigantic circle

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some two-and-a-half billion kilometers in circumference. If this indeed was the source of the

Lunar Cataclysm, the missiles would have come at the Moon from every direction. The fact that

only one side of the Moon was hit means, logically, they all came from the same direction. Since

the Moon orbits Earth at a speed of nearly 3700 kilometers per hour, it was only in the path of

the monster missiles for a relatively short period of time before moving out of the cross-hairs.

Orbiting Earth once every 27 days the Moon also rotates

once around its own axis in 27 days. As a result the same

side always faces in towards Earth while the opposite side

always faces outwards. If you lived on the far side,

constantly facing away, you would never even be aware of

the existence of Earth just three days journey away.

So fourteen days later, when the far side swung into the

line of fire - facing the direction from which the impacts

had come - nothing happened. It was all over - nothing to see here, and the far side escaped

unharmed. Facing the danger zone every two weeks for 300 million years - if indeed these were

random strikes over that extraordinarily long period of time - it is impossible that the far side

could have escaped being bombarded while the other side got so badly beaten up over and over

again! Work it out, over that period of time the far side, like the near side, would have faced

the danger zone, head-on, nearly 8 billion times - and nary a hit!

The hard evidence for the whole Late Heavy Bombardment theory comprises only of these 23

impact basins, all on the near side, while the planets Mercury and Mars suffered one and three

hits respectively – making a total of 27 known major impacts in the whole of the Solar System in

those 300 million years - according to the popular hypothesis. Paradoxically, no such impact

sites have been identified on Earth or Venus, the remaining two members of the inner Solar

System. Yet to justify the hypothesis, scientists reason that Earth, due to its size and very close

proximity to the Moon, statistically must have been hit at least four times more than the Moon -

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that would be almost one hundred massive hits like those on the Moon! But there is not a single

trace of any such massive impacts on land or in the sea; they are all hypothetical. This line of

reasoning then forces the question: Why then did the smallest victim, the Moon, get hit eight

times more than Mars which is twice its size - and 78 million kilometers closer to the asteroid

belt? A new evidence-based perspective is called for.

The Big Doughnut

The widely-accepted source of the Late Heavy Bombardment, informed by the prevailing

paradigm, is the main asteroid belt, located on average 230 million kilometers away from Earth.

This zone is imagined as an enormous tube or doughnut, 150 million kilometers wide, 150

million kilometers thick, with a circumference of 2.54 billion kilometers through its middle. It is

the same width as the zone between the Earth and the Sun occupied by the three planets, Earth,

Venus and Mercury. NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft flew right through the ‘asteroid belt’ en

route to Pluto - that’s a transit of 150 million kilometers in four months - without encountering a

single asteroid!

Fortunately, the asteroid


belt is so huge that, despite
its large population of small
bodies, the chance of
running into one of them is
almost vanishingly small –
far less than one in a billion.
Alan Stern, New Horizons
Principal Investigator

Popular representations of the asteroid belt are misleading. Fully one-third of the mass of

everything in the entire asteroid belt is accounted for by a single tiny planet named Ceres. Just a

quarter the size of the Moon it would not fill the space between Johannesburg and Cape Town.

The remaining bits of dust and rocks from 100km to 1km in diameter populating this enormous

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space – all-together amounting to only 2.7% the mass of the Moon - are widely scattered around

the vast cosmic doughnut, on average a million kilometers apart. In reality, 99.9% of the

asteroid belt is empty space owned by the dwarf planet Ceres. Any notion that this was the

source of a massive bombardment, sustained over 300 million years, is implausible.

While most asteroids are composed of rock, some of them contain metals such as iron and

nickel. The remaining asteroids are made up of a mix of these, along with carbon-rich materials.

Some of the more distant asteroids tend to contain more volatile elements, which include water

ice and magnesium. These significant chemical differences between the asteroids do not point

towards a common origin, like perhaps the remains of an exploded planet - and one only half the

size of the Moon at that.

Water, water everywhere


An associated debate regards the question of where Earth’s water came from.

There exist numerous more or less compatible hypotheses as to how water may
have accumulated on the Earth’s surface over the past 4.6 billion years in
sufficient quantity to form oceans.
Harvard University course: “Origins of water on Earth”

Earth is the only planet in the entire Solar System with liquid surface water; indeed water covers

more than 70% of its surface which is another anomaly for science. Scientific reasoning is that

when Earth formed, it was way too hot to hold on to liquid water and so therefore it “must have

arrived later, splashing down from comets after the planet was formed” (Alvin Powell: The

Harvard Gazette).

Over millions of years, dust grains coalesced to form comets. These comets we
believe became a contributing source of water for the planets.”
Michiel Hogerheijde, Leiden University, Netherlands

The first question is - how did tiny grains of dust transform to become water?

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Then there are the four rocky inner planets, plus the planet-sized Moon. So the next question is -

why only Earth? Such a deluge of water from more than five billion kilometers away, over

millions or even billions of years, could not have been so selective; the other three planets and

the Moon must have been affected in equal measure. Which then raises a conundrum: When did

this cometary-express water delivery take place – before the Late Heavy Bombardment, or after?

If before, then why did Earth, despite supposedly being heavily bombarded by asteroids like all

the rest, retain its water while all the others lost theirs? If after the LHB, then why do none of

the other planets and the Moon still have water-from-comets, like Earth?

Then according to another school of thought, measurements of the ratio of the hydrogen

isotopes deuterium and protium (called the D/H ratio), point instead to asteroids rather than

comets being the bearers of water, since similar percentage impurities in carbon-rich chondrites

– that is, stony meteorites that hit Earth – are also contained in Earth’s oceanic water, while the

measurements of these isotopic concentrations in most comets don’t match the water on Earth.

Accordingly, A. Morbidelli et al, (Meteoritics & Planetary Science 2000) postulate that the

largest part of today’s water came from protoplanets formed in the outer asteroid belt that

plunged towards Earth. The difficulty here is how, in spite of being bombarded by 23 massive

asteroids (as supposed), did the Moon at the same time escape being hit by any of the millions of

water-bearing asteroids?

Yet another take on the mystery:

Recent measurements of the chemical composition of Moon rocks suggest that


Earth was born with its water already present.
Harvard University: Origin of water on Earth

The Harvard course points to mechanisms that have been proposed by H. Genda, M. Ikoma:

Origin of the Ocean on the Earth: Early Evolution of Water D/H in a Hydrogen-rich

Atmosphere, which suggest that the D/H ratio of oceanic water may have increased significantly

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throughout Earth’s history. “Such a proposal is consistent with the possibility that a significant

amount of the water was already present during the planet’s early evolution.”

Supporting this, according to Linda Elkins-Tanton, Director of the Dept of Terrestrial

Magnetism at the Carnegie Institution for Science, the problem with the water-from-comets

theory is that evidence has emerged that water was present on Earth far earlier than previously

thought. Whereas Earth’s oldest rocks date back 4.03 billion years, there is material older than

rocks called detrital zircons - lighter elements which tend to be more buoyant than heavier rocks

like basalt - that formed some 4.4 billion years ag0 - less than 200 million years after the first

solids began to form out of the protoplanetary disk - and some of these zircons show evidence of

having been created in contact with water, significantly sooner than the LHB 3.9 billion years

ago.

According to the Smithsonian Institution, a mere 150 million years after the formation of the

Earth, an unbroken sea covered the planet.

Clearly, there is far from consensus in the scientific community as to why seventy percent of the

Earth’s surface is covered with water, or indeed why it is the only planet with surface water at

all. A new hypothesis which will be presented here, in which the origin of the matching waters

on Earth and in the Apollo rock samples from the Moon’s impact basins, will tie up all the loose

ends, not only of the source of water on Earth but also the cause of the so-called Late Heavy

Bombardment, and the origin of the asteroid belt.

The findings of Morbidelli et al largely disqualify implausible theories that water was delivered

to an otherwise dry Earth by billions of comets flying in from hundreds of billions of kilometers

away in the Kuiper Belt. Had that been the case then all of the inner rocky planets and the Moon

would, like Earth, also be blessed with water. The entire asteroid belt with a mass of just 0.0005

times that of Earth is too sparse to have been the reservoir for all the Earth’s water, and indeed

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for the water of the Moon and the other three inner rocky planets as well (as will be proposed

here). The reason that the solution eludes scientists is that, although most LHB hypotheses are

founded on good science, they all try to make the evidence fit the prevailing paradigm. However,

information from a surprising source, which will be presented later, suggests that before the

Late Heavy Bombardment, an infant watery Earth and the Moon were not where they are now.

And that changes everything!

A paradigm shift is an important change that happens when the usual way of
thinking about something is replaced by a new and different way.
Derived from “The Structure of Scientific Revolutions” by Thomas Kuhn 1962

A New Paradigm, A New Hypothesis

No matter how wild or unusual your idea may be, if it has sufficiently strong
explanatory power to account for what we observe, it might just be the necessary
idea to solve whatever puzzle it is that you’re considering.
Dr Ethan Siegal, theoretical astrophysicist and author of “Starts with a Bang”

No less plausible, no more far-fetched than current scientific theories, this new hypothesis is

developed from the same evidence, but viewed through the perspective of a new paradigm.

And suddenly, the pieces of the puzzle fall into place.

Major advances in science are generally preceded by the discovery of


anomalies. These are phenomena that cannot be explained in terms of what we
already know, and so we have to come up with a hypothesis that extends what
we know.
Dr Abraham (Avi) Loeb, Professor of Astrophysics, Harvard University

I am a forensic historian and theorist and this hypothesis is accordingly crude in astrophysical

terms but, it offers a new model to fit the evidence which astrophysicists can evaluate, measure,

refine and develop.

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There was a conspicuous gap in the early Solar System’s protoplanetary disk,
between where Mars and Jupiter are now, and where the modern-day
asteroid belt sits. What exactly caused the gap is a mystery, but astronomers
think it’s a sign of the processes that governed planet formation.
Summary by Universe Today of: "Paleomagnetic evidence for a disk substructure in
the early solar system" by Cauê S. Borlina et al

Contrary to this article, in the approximately 700 million years before the Late Heavy

Bombardment, there was not a gap between Mars and Jupiter. That place was occupied by three

newly formed, independent, protoplanets – Earth, the Moon - properly named Luna, and the

much smaller Ceres. All were in the orbital space that has become known today as the asteroid

belt, which at the time was no more congested than other regions of the Solar System. This is

supported, in part, by the speculation of A. Morbidelli et al, as mentioned above, that watery

protoplanets formed in the outer asteroid belt. At that time Earth, at a range of 2.3 AU from the

Sun (approximately 346 million kilometers), was one of those protoplanets and had an orbital

period of 1315 modern earth days, which will be explained later. Further out, Ceres orbited the

Sun in 1682 days, as it still does, while planet Luna orbited the Sun between Earth and Ceres.

Just as Luna was 27% the size of Earth, so tiny Ceres was 27% the size of Luna. Next closer to

the Sun from Earth was Mars, while Mercury orbited in the zone presently occupied by Earth

and the Moon, 150 million kilometers out from the Sun. Venus at that time was the closest

planet to the Sun in roughly the same orbit it still occupies today. This comprised the original

suite of six rocky planets of the early inner Solar System, prior to the Late Heavy Bombardment,

all of them endowed with surface water. The source of this water was not from tiny comets

billions of kilometers away in the coldest depths of the Solar System, it was from the hottest

place in the Solar System – the Sun!

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From The Sublime


Plasma is the fourth state of matter: solid – liquid – gas - plasma; ice, water, steam, plasma.

“The Fourth State of Matter: If we continue to add heat to steam, eventually the
water molecules will begin to break apart into individual atoms of hydrogen and
oxygen and then, as more heat is added, into ions and electrons. It is this super-
heated mixture of electrons and ions that we call plasma”
University of Wisconsin-Madison: Wisconsin Plasma Experience

The Sun is a hot ball of plasma. About 4.6 billion years ago, the young Sun was surrounded by a

swirling mass of gas and dust called a proto-

planetary disk from which the planets were

eventually formed. Plasma in vast quantities was

ejected from the Sun on the solar wind and

became a constituent part of the proto-planetary

disk from which the planetary system was

created.

A coronal mass ejection (CME) is a significant release of plasma and


accompanying magnetic field from the Sun’s corona into the solar wind. CMEs
are often associated with solar flares. If a CME enters interplanetary space it is
referred to as an ‘interplanetary coronal mass ejection’ (ICME).
Wikipedia citing: Eric Christian, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Centre
“Coronal Mass Ejections” 2012

This hypothesis proposes that interplanetary coronal mass ejections of plasma, energised by

strong magnetic fields and carried out by the solar wind, were primary elements in the process

that formed the planets of the Solar System 4.6 billion years ago.

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When plasma cools down it tends to recombine


into bound states and the plasma will eventually
become a gas.
Dr Dwight R Nicholson: Introduction to
Plasma Theory

Planets which formed from the protoplanetary disc


began to cool down over the next 200 million years.
The vast amounts of super-hot primordial plasma which
surrounded the planetary surfaces, cooled and
recombined first to gas and then condensed to provide
abundant water on the six rocky inner planets, at the right temperatures.

When the asteroid belt was first formed, the temperatures at a distance of
2.7 AU from the Sun formed a “snow line” below the freezing point of water.
Essentially, planetesimals which formed beyond this radius were able to
accumulate ice. Universe Today

Ceres is located right on this boundary and the six rocky planets were all inside of the “snow

line”, all ending up with abundant liquid surface water while the plasma on rocky bodies which

became satellites of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune beyond the “snow line” became ice.

The discovery of water vapour out-gassing from Ceres provides related


information on water-ice content of the asteroid belt.
Harvard University, citing the European Space Agency 2014: “Herschel Space
Observatory discovers water vapour around dwarf planet Ceres”

Musical Chairs

The positions the planets in the Solar System are in today haven’t always been
that way, so the place that a planet formed isn’t necessarily the place it ended up.
Dr Becky Smethurst, Astrophysicist, Oxford University

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At some point, when Earth, much larger and faster - orbiting at some 19.1 kilometers per second

on the inside track - overtook Luna. As it passed, its much stronger gravity, assisted by the

slingshot effect of its orbital momentum, dragged Luna from its independent orbit into a new

destiny, to orbit Earth as a moon forevermore, forming a binary planet system (Mirth?). The

various ratios of the two proto-planets caused them to become tidally-locked such that while

Earth’s rotation slowed from around 9 hours to twenty four, Luna’s rate of rotation about its

axis, 27.322 days, exactly matched its rate of revolution around Earth, also 27.322 days, so that

the same face of Luna has since always faced Earth. At the time Luna, “the Moon”, was much

closer - just 236,200 kilometers from Earth. Now, creeping at the rate of just 3.8 centimetres

per year, it has since moved a further 148,200 kilometers away - which gives some idea of

how freaking long ago four billion years was! Had Earth not laid first claim, Luna in time might

have captured Ceres as a satellite in the same ratio as Moon is to Earth to become the only

planet in the inner Solar System, not Earth, with a legitimate moon and the outcomes for Earth

would be an entirely different conversation.

Conventional science, locked into the current paradigm, has developed a theory for the origin of

the Moon from the evidence of the 382-kilogram collection of lunar melt rocks which, because

they had been suddenly melted, correctly provided proof of a massive impact event.

The Moon Theory


The findings from a new NASA lunar rock study provide evidence for a theory the
Moon was created after another planet smashed into a young molten Earth
billions of years ago. “There’s a huge difference between the modern
elemental makeup of the Earth and Moon” said NASA Planetary scientist
Justin Simon. “We now know that the Moon was very different from the start and
it’s probably because of the ‘Giant Impact’ theory”. The Giant Impact theory
speculates that when Earth was a young planet and just beginning to form, it was
hit by another emerging planet named Theia, located nearby. The collision caused
both planets to temporarily splatter apart into globs of gas, magma and
chemical elements before reforming into the bodies we know today to be the

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Earth and Moon. The research by Simon and Gargano is adding support that
further confirms this theory. NASA TV

As crazy as it sounded when it was proposed in the 1970s, this has come to be the
accepted theory – verified by many observable phenomena that match
predictions – over the past 40 years. Prof Ethan Siegal, theoretical
astrophysicist and author of “Starts with a Bang”

The theory has several significant challenges, main among which is the statement that there is a

“huge difference between the modern elemental makeup of the Earth and Moon”. This

contradicts totally the speculation that the hypothetical planet Theia and Earth “splatter(ed)

apart into (uniform) globs of gas, magma and chemical elements before reforming into the

bodies we know today to be the Earth and Moon” – in which case their elemental makeups,

made from the same elemental soup, would be identical, which is not the case! Only a

microscopic sample of rocks from mega lava-filled impact craters on the near side of the Moon

match the geophysics of Earth. This enigma will be explained by this hypothesis.

The big news is that Planet Theia is still intact and present in the Solar System.

The Planet of a Million Years

The Late Heavy Bombardment was in fact the compound of a sudden primary cataclysmic event

near 3.9 billion years ago followed immediately by a domino sequence of secondary events. This

was some time after the orbital shifts of Jupiter, which was therefore not the trigger. The

primary instigator was an alien rogue planet from elsewhere in the galaxy passing contra-flow

through the Solar System and which, as a result, was captured into a permanent retro orbit by

the Sun and is the mysterious ninth planet. With highly elliptical orbital characteristics of the

long-period comets, the Neptune-sized planet is currently located slightly past its point of

aphelion - its furthest point from the Sun (meaning it has just commenced its return), in an

eccentric tilted orbit, eluding astronomers hunting it today.

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We started getting these hints that there really is something else out there —
a really giant planet that we think is still now lurking well beyond Neptune,
waiting to be found. Planet Nine is really out there, and we really will find it.
Dr Mike Brown, Professor of Planetary Science in the Division of Geological
and Planetary Sciences at Caltech (California Institute of Technology)

The thing is, if it is a planet, it is not lurking nor waiting to be found. Planets are constantly on

the move around their orbits of the Sun, from the closest to the furthest. It’s just that the

furthest move very, very slowly - in this case taking 3600 years, or 50 lifetimes, to complete a

single orbit, where a human lifetime is a stylized 72 years.

But even without technology, slow-moving Planet Nine will be rediscovered by mankind in

about 1,390 years time – that is in about another 19 human lifetimes - when it again approaches

perihelion, its closest point to the Sun - and the Earth. Over a period of years it will slowly begin

to manifest as a point of light among the stars of the Taurus constellation, gradually becoming

visible to the naked eye for a few hundred years looking somewhat like Jupiter, as it last did

around 100 CE when it was part of the night sky during the lifetime of Jesus Christ, and circa

3500 BCE before that. This will be the start of a roughly 576-year arc through perihelion as it

crosses into the planetary zone, until it reaches perihelion and then slowly fades again from

man’s consciousness in the south-eastern sky as it crosses back and disappears into the Kuiper

Belt. This is a span of some eight human lifetimes which would explain why there is no historical

record of a sudden, dramatic appearance of a new planet in the sky, like a comet. For those alive

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during that time, it was always there, for their entire lives; it was always part of the night sky.

But then, for the next 3000 years it is absent from our sky – that is 42 lifetimes - and easily

fades from our collective memory. Until one day, our advanced science detects some anomalies

that cause us to suspect that something is lurking way out there – Planet Nine. The last time

Planet Nine was at its present location along its orbit was around the time of the Exodus of the

Israelites from ancient Egypt, fifty lifetimes ago.

In January 2020, Robert Finch and Mattia Galiazzo published a paper titled

The Orbit of Planet Nine Derived from Engineering Physics. Founded on an extensive set of

mathematical equations they had developed, their calculations inferred the presence of a large

unknown planet currently hidden somewhere in the vastness of the Kuiper Belt. Their

conclusion: Planet Nine exists, is 233 AU from the Sun and has an orbit of 3556 years. The

Sun’s entire planetary system, 60 AU in diameter, would fit about four times into the space

between the Sun and Planet Nine’s furthest point away!

To add some colour and context, geneticists have traced the origin of homo sapiens sapiens back

for a span of just 60 Planet Nine orbits to a single female progenitor they named Mitochondrial

Eve. Remember the dinosaurs? Probably not. Consider this - the dinosaurs suddenly became

extinct when they were suddenly annihilated in a cataclysmic event 18 thousand Planet Nine

orbits ago after dominating the Earth for 45,000 orbits of Planet Nine. Since the Late Heavy

Bombardment, Planet Nine has completed just over a million orbits - 1,080,000 - which, times

3600 years, is 3,888,oo0,000 or 3.9 billion years. It was known to the ancient Egyptians as “the

planet of a million years” – a planet’s year being one of its orbits.

The ancient Egyptian and Sumerian civilizations appeared around 75 lifetimes ago. This was

when the entire history of human civilization started, and was when the ancient Sumerian and

Jewish calendars both commenced in “the year dot” - 5782 years ago. In that entire time Planet

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Nine has not even completed 2 orbits of the Sun, one and-a-half to be exact - testimony perhaps

to the precocious audacity of mankind.

The Secret of the Moon

Most current hypotheses on the LHB hold that Earth, in very close proximity to the Moon and

being four times larger than the Moon, could not have avoided the hypothetical asteroid storm

and must therefore have been impacted several times more than the Moon. However the

evidence does not support this conclusion. The oldest and largest known impact basin on Earth

is the nearly 300 kilometer wide Vredefort Dome in South Africa. It is a UNESCO Heritage Site

[ID: 1162] and is the site of the world’s greatest ever energy release event, creating the famous

goldfields of the Witwatersrand. The age of this impact crater has been determined to be two

billion years after the Late Heavy Bombardment. The next two ranked impact basins on Earth

are:

Sudbury, Canada: Dated to 2.2 billion years after the LHB and is 250 kilometers wide.

Chicxulub, Mexico: A mere 66 million years ago and 170 kilometers wide, to which is attributed

the extinction of the dinosaurs. Ergo: No evidence of any mega impacts on the Earth around 3.9

billion years ago during the Late Heavy Bombardment – except for one which has been hidden

in plain sight for 3.9 billion years. We’ll get to that.

The anomaly of the evidence is this. During the LHB there were 23 massive impacts on the side

of the Moon that has always faced the Earth as it moves in a complete circle around it every 27

days. The far side of the Moon, which obviously also moves around 360 degrees every 27 days

but facing in the opposite relative direction - away from Earth, in 3.9 billion years has had no

hits. It is free of the massive lava filled impact basins such as those on the near side.

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Earth, a target four times bigger than the Moon, is a rotating sphere open to all points of the

compass but had no hits. Vredefort, the largest and oldest impact crater on Earth, 2 billion years

AFTER the LHB, is half the average size of any of the 23 mega-impact basins on the Moon and

less than 20% the size of the three on Mars

or the one on Mercury.

Ballistically, there is only one place from

where the heavy bombardment could have

come.

Earth!

Graphic assembled by Ken W Parsons

The secret of the Moon is that the vast lava-filled impact basins on the near side, including the

Sea of Tranquillity where Neil Armstrong was the first man to set foot, are the burial sites of

chunks of the Pacific Basin on Earth. This explains the matching characteristics of the rock

samples brought back from the Moon with

ocean water of Earth. The rock samples were

taken from these impact basins and there is

thus a high chance that they are more likely

to represent the characteristics of the

impactors than the original substance of the

Moon itself. When samples from the far side

of the Moon, unaffected by the LHB, are taken one day and analysed, they will likely tell a

different story. The match of the rock samples with the silicate on Earth is simply because the

LHB impactors came from Earth – a new paradigm.

Investigation of the lunar samples carried to Earth by the Apollo 15 and 17


missions found a deuterium-to-hydrogen ratio that matched the isotopic ratio in
carbonaceous chondrites (meteorites). The ratio is also similar to that found in

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water on Earth. The findings suggest a common source of water for both objects.
Harvard University, Origin of water on Earth

If Earth was born with its water already present, as suggested earlier, then the common source
must be Earth.

Alpha and Omega

When the fiery primordial rogue planet headed into the Solar System against the traffic, it was

not on the same plane as the established family of planets. Coming in at an angle, and already

being pulled inwards by the Sun’s gravity, it crossed the planetary orbital plane at a point close

to where a watery Earth and its tethered partner, Luna, were orbiting 196 million kilometers

further out from the Sun than they are now. During this close encounter, bolts of electro-

magnetic energy were discharged in passing from the intruder triggering a commotion of

earthquakes and volcanic eruptions on proto-Earth. Soon after Planet Nine had moved past, one

of its seven small satellites collided head-on with Earth resulting in further chaos – tsunamis,

cyclones and earthquakes. Earth was cloaked in a mantle of volcanic ash, but worse was yet to

come.

Captured by the Sun, the rogue then passed by and commenced its very first highly elliptical,

tilted orbit lasting 3600 years. It would not be until it had

completed seven such orbits that it would again meet up with

Earth at the same location, the latter by then having completed

7000 more orbits of 3.6 years each, or 25,200 years later - a

mere tick in the tock of the cosmic clock. By this time the

adopted orphan had been tugged in closer by the Sun since its

first approach and this time, Earth ran out of space. Approaching from opposite directions, the

two planets brushed each other and the offset impact, aided by the force of Earth’s counter-

clockwise spin, scraped the crust from one side of Earth sending hundreds of thousands, if not

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millions, of huge chunks of debris flying out into space. Earth’s waters rushed to fill the giant

cavity, which today is called the Pacific Basin, sending a monstrous tsunami racing around the

globe. The symbiotic gravitational relationship between Earth and the Moon ensured that

Earth’s water and atmosphere were not blasted off the surface by the massive energy release.

Luna had earned its keep.

Just hours after the planetary collision, twenty three massive chunks slammed into Luna as it

moved around its orbit at nearly 3700 kilometers per

hour first into, and then out of, the path of the

shrapnel. Apart from the disfigurement to the Earth-

facing side, the virtually simultaneous impacts

blasted Luna’s atmosphere and its surface water into

space effectively killing the smaller planet. The

massive energy of the virtually simultaneous impacts Graphic assembled by Ken W Parsons

sent huge shock waves through the body of the Moon thrusting up the highlands and high

mountains of the far side.

The familiar dark patches on the near side are the cemetery for 23 chunks of the Pacific Basin.

This accounts for but a tiny fraction of all the debris blasted off the surface of Earth. The impact

basins account for only about 17% of the Moon’s surface, while the entire Moon would fit into

the Pacific Basin three times over. Most of Earth’s crust flew past the Moon to other

destinations.

Earth was already reeling from the impact when very shortly afterwards another of slow-

moving Planet Nine’s own satellites collided obliquely with Earth delivering the coup de grâce,

adding the impetus to shove an already unstable Earth from its orbit in an inward spiral,

together with its now-dead, tethered satellite, crossing the orbit of Mars until eventually, due to

the opposing gravities of the Sun and Jupiter it settled into a new orbit 149.6 million kilometers

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from the Sun - which had just been vacated by Mercury. The evidence of this secondary impact

could arguably be the Marianas Trough in the Pacific Ocean, which sizewise would extend down

the length of Australia or across almost half the face of the Moon. It could be the skid mark of

the satellite’s offset collision with Earth, tearing apart the Marianas Trench, and igniting the

Earth’s major volcanic force, the Pacific “Ring of Fire”.

The Domino Assassin


Matters became worse as two more planets lined up for execution.

Hypothetically, eighty days later after accelerating across 106 million kilometers of space, three

chunks of Earth’s crust slammed into the southern hemisphere of Mars with a force greater than

those that slammed into the Moon due to the gravitational

attraction of Mars, creating the largest impact basins in the

Solar System – Hellas, Argyre and Isidis. According to

Donald Patten and Samuel Windsor (The Mars-Earth

Wars), the magnitude of the impacts released gigantic

pressure waves rushing upwards to the opposite northern

surface, blasting the upper layer of the crust of the planet

into space, and thrusting up the antipodal volcanic

prominences known as the Tarsus Bulge and the Elysium Bulge with such force that the top of

Olympus Mons reaches above the remaining atmosphere of Mars - literally into outer space. The

sudden need for Mars to absorb the simultaneous mass and kinetic energy of the three

impactors caused the planet to burst its seams along fully one quarter of its circumference,

forming the gash known as the Valles Marineris. All the water on Mars was also blown off into

space by the cataclysm.

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The Secret of Mercury

Mercury, also known as the Iron Planet, is the smallest planet with a diameter of 4880

kilometers. Its close proximity to the Sun makes it super-difficult to explore close-up. Only two

missions from Earth have thus far been to Mercury and a third is currently en route having left

in 2018 and is expected to sneak up on Mercury in late 2025.

In 1973 NASA’s Mariner-10 robotic space probe was launched to perform flybys of Venus and

Mercury. The probe sent back images and scientific data captured during three passes of

Mercury six months apart in March 1974, September 1974 and March 1975 as it looped around

the Sun and Mercury before it ran out of fuel and was decommissioned. During this time,

Mercury had raced six times around the Sun.

2011 – 2015: After a journey of six-and-a-half years, the NASA robotic spacecraft, MESSENGER,

spent fully four years in orbit around Mercury scanning and gathering data about the planet. For

several decades before that, it had been incredulously suspected by scientists that bright patches

observed by Mariner -10 on the surface of Mercury might be ice despite the planet being a mere

cosmic stone’s throw from the blazing Sun. MESSENGER confirmed this suspicion and sent

back images and spectroscopic data of large volumes of water-ice in impact craters at the

planet’s North Pole. How is it possible, the scientists mused, for there to be ice on the surface of

a planet that is so close to the Sun that temperatures get up to a broiling 450 degrees C?

The answer, it turns out, is that Mercury has virtually no atmosphere, so the furnace-like heat

from the Sun is not retained but is

immediately radiated back out to space.

This means that the night side of the planet

and shaded areas inside craters are exposed to

the ultra-cold temperatures of outer space and so ice in the shadow never melts. MESSENGER

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detected surface water-ice in areas of craters at the North Pole which are in permanent shadow

subject to temperatures of down to minus 193 degrees C while the part of the crater in direct

sunlight, just meters away, experiences temperatures up to 77 degrees C.

Mercury is freakish. It’s a big ball of metal surrounded by a tiny bit of rock.

It is a virtual cannonball with a metal core that makes up about 85% of the planet. Although

Mercury is only 38% the size of Earth, its core is 59% the size of Earth’s core while its density is

98.4% that of Earth, signalling that something is missing. Hypothetically, therefore, it could be

argued that way back in its distant past, Mercury’s original diameter was up to 7400 kilometers

– 1½ times its present size - with a respectable covering of crust and mantle.

What happened to the missing crust?

Elementary, my dear Watson

A clue was found in Mercury’s chemistry. Volatiles are the group of chemical elements that can

readily be turned by heat into a gas or vapour.They include: water, potassium, magnesium,

sodium, sulphur, chlorine and carbon. Astrogeologists investigate volatiles in the crust or

atmosphere of a planet. Almost as soon MESSENGER got into orbit, it started sending back

confusing data from Mercury. The tiny probe detected unexpected volatile elements in

concentrations that no one had thought possible this close to the Sun!

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In addition to water ice, MESSENGER’s spectrograph also detected


unexpectedly high levels of volatiles such as potassium, sodium, sulphur and
chlorine in the surface rock. These are elements that go into rocks - but that
happens only at relatively low temperatures! Like water and ice, these other
volatile elements cannot remain intact under the direct heat of the Sun on the
surface of Mercury – the intense heat would dissipate them instantly. This
immediately told us that some of the older ideas of how Mercury formed could
not be correct.
Dr Larry Nittler, Deputy Principal Investigator on NASA’s MESSENGER
mission

So the evidence shows that a few million years after Mercury’s formation, a crust developed rich

with volatile elements. If Mercury had been as close to the Sun as it is now when these elements

formed on the surface, they would have evaporated and disappeared before the formative

molten rock hardened. Yet paradoxically, there is an abundance of these volatiles in the rocky

crust.

The surprising conclusion is that Mercury didn’t form where it is today!


It formed much further from the Sun – maybe even beyond Venus or Earth, or
somewhere in between.
Dr Larry Nittler

The evidence of the volatiles on Mercury’s surface and of the unusual size of its core, points to

the unavoidable conclusion that Mercury began life as much as 100 million kilometers further

from the Sun than it is today – in fact, in the region where Earth is now located, right between

Mars and Venus.

Then something drastic happened to send it spiralling a hundred million kilometers inwards

towards the Sun. It is evident that Mercury was originally larger than it is now, but that some

violent, catastrophic event caused a significant amount of its outer surface to be shattered and

blasted away into space. A hundred and seventy days after the primary collision between Earth

and Planet Nine, Mercury - 78 million kilometers away from Mars - stepped into the path of

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Caloris, another flying chunk of the Pacific Basin. At this time Mercury was one-and-a-half

times its present size.

The Caloris impactor smashed into Mercury near 3.9 billion years ago leaving an ancient crater

known as Caloris Planitia. Over 1500 kilometers wide, the distance from Johannesburg to Cape

Town, it is one of the largest craters in the Solar System. Ceres, the dwarf planet in the asteroid

belt, would comfortably fit into this impact basin - with room to spare.

The massive kinetic energy of the Caloris impact sent shock waves resonating through the dense

iron core to the opposite side as well as reverberating around the sides, stripping the planet of

most of its outer crust and mantle leaving Mercury skinnier than it previously was, and leaving

the iron core to account for 85% of the planet’s makeup, compared with Earth where the core

accounts for only about 53%. The Caloris impact triggered massive volcanic activity resulting in

lava flooding the crater, leaving it covered with a smooth surface.

As with Earth, the massive Caloris impact jolted Mercury out of its orbital path and it began to

spiral inwards toward the Sun. Without colliding, it moved across the orbit of its inner

neighbour, Venus. Both were rotating nominally counter-clockwise and the effect of the

gravitational interaction and orbital momentum between the two put a brake on Mercury’s spin

about its axis to slow it almost to a stop, and caused the counter-clockwise rotation of Venus to

slow, stop and reverse so that today Venus spins slowly in the opposite direction to all the other

planets. Mercury’s own rotational speed slowed almost to a standstill so much so that, as it

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finally settled into a new 88 day-long orbit just 58 million kilometers out from the Sun, whereas

Earth makes 365 rotations about its axis (days) during one orbit of the Sun (a year), Mercury

makes only 3 rotations every 2 orbits of the Sun.

Mercury died 3.9 billion years before present when Caloris, the deadly missile from Earth,

blasted its water and atmosphere out into space, just like the fate of its planetary kin, Mars and

Luna. Little more than an iron core, barely rotating, Mercury ended up as the closest planet to

the Sun in the peculiar elliptical orbit we see today. If Mercury had formed and remained near

Earth at a more comfortable distance from the Sun, it definitely could have been very different.

What of Venus? Venus is wrapped in a toxic blanket of sulphuric acid cloud and exploration of

the planet has thus far been all but impossible. It is therefore not known whether Venus too was

a victim of the Late Heavy Bombardment but the odds are favourable that it could have escaped

scot free.

The big question is, why is it that, of all the inner rocky planets, Earth alone retained its water?

The answer is that Earth is the only one that has a satellite (the two tiny bits of rock orbiting

Mars are of no consequence – the larger, Phobos is just 22.5 kilometers across and Deimos even

smaller at 12.4 kilometers). The Moon is a captured planet nearly the size of Mercury. Its

gravity, as it circles the Earth every 27 days exerts a constant force on the water and atmosphere

of Earth ensuring that they remain in place attached to Earth.

Asteroid Belt

In the cataclysmic collision between Earth and the oncoming Planet Nine, the crust of Earth was

pulverised and blasted into space leaving a massive cavity so vast that all the continents on

Earth would fit into it area-wise – with room to spare. As the larger, heavier, Planet Nine was

moving in the opposite direction to Earth, the force of the impact left chunks of debris trailing in

the space behind Earth. Like an insect flying around inside a car travelling at 100 kilometers per

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hour can fly from the front to the back, it will nevertheless move at the same speed and direction

as the car, so the net motion of the debris trailing out behind was in the same direction as Earth.

The combined debris from the crusts of the Pacific Basin, the northern hemisphere of Mars and

much of the crust of Mercury, was blasted into space to orbit the Sun as the main component of

the asteroid belt. We will have to wait until we re-discover Planet Nine to find out what damage

it may have sustained and whether it too contributed to the body of the asteroid belt.

This rendering of the wounded northern hemisphere of Mars highlights how much lower it is

without its crust than the southern hemisphere, similar to the disfigurement of Earth.

Before changing its orbit, Mercury was reduced to two-thirds of its original size when the Caloris

impact blasted much of its crust and mantle out into space, much, if not all, of which also ended

up orbiting in the zone of Ceres. All together this conglomeration of impact debris from the

three planets recently became known as the asteroid belt and could explain the fact that

geologically, there are three main classifications of asteroids. Conditions have thus far prevented

us from examining Venus to determine if it too was a victim of the bombardment.

The asteroid belt was not the source of the Late Heavy Bombardment randomly ejecting

asteroids into the inner Solar System over a span of 300 million years.

The asteroid belt was created by the Late Heavy Bombardment over a brief period of less than a

year, 3.9 billion years ago.

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Knowing the Unknowable

For inquire, I pray you, of bygone ages, and consider what the fathers have
found. Will they not teach you, and tell you, and utter words out of their
understanding
Job 8: 8, 10 - The Old Testament

It will be surprising to most to discover that 400 years after this was written, the Book of

Revelation in the Bible was written, including exact data as to the orbital periods of both Earth

and Planet Nine as they were before the Late Heavy Bombardment, expressed exactly in days

and months as well as years. How did its author come to know the unknowable?

The discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls in 1947 was the catalyst for finally understanding the

highly imaginative and provocative Book of Revelation. The scrolls were quite literally the link

between Revelation - written circa 95 CE - and the ancient Sumerian text known as the Enuma

Elish from circa 2300 BCE, which was what Job, circa 550 BCE, was alluding to in the

quotation above.

On display in the British Museum are seven clay tablets which are probably nearly 4000 years

old. The cuneiform writing on them tells the story of creation which is popularly known as the

Enuma Elish, being the opening words in the Akkadian language meaning “When on high ....”

Discovered in the library of the Assyrian king, Ashurbanipal, in Nineveh the Enuma Elish was a

Babylonian adaptation of the original Sumerian account known as The Epic of Creation, written

at least 500 years before that. The Churchillian quote “History is written by the victors” is well

demonstrated by the Babylonian adaptation. In this, a “celestial battle” takes place where an

invader planet defeats the “watery monster”, the mother of the planet gods of the solar system,

which are represented as the celestial counterparts of the highest-ranking gods in the Sumerian

pantheon. Enlil was the highest ranking god, but three hundred years later in Babylon, followers

of Enlil’s rival for supremacy among the gods, his nephew Marduk, claimed that Marduk had

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risen to become the supreme god. To assert this claim, they rewrote the Epic of Creation making

Marduk the heroic conqueror of the “watery monster” and accordingly the supreme planet god -

the Lord of Creation, the Lord of Lords. In Babylon this version of the epic became

institutionalized as a 12-day long New Year festival play, enacted in worship of Marduk. In this

version, the villain of the original is portrayed as the hero.

The Book of Revelation, written some 2300 years later, contains an account of a final “War in

Heaven” which is drawn from the story in the Enuma Elish called “The Celestial Battle”. In this

the invader planet, Marduk, reverts to being the villain of the piece, represented as an evil

seven-headed red dragon seeking to destroy a pregnant woman in heaven and the cult city of

Marduk is cast in Revelation as Babylon, the wicked whore of nations.

The history-changing exile of the elite Jews from Jerusalem to Babylon in the 6th century BCE

brought them full circle, face-to-face with their ancient cultural heritage. They were of the

bloodline of “Abram the Hebrew” (Genesis 14:13), a Sumerian nobleman from the 21st century

BCE (Genesis 15:7; 23:6), while neo-Babylon, the city of their exile, was the successor to the

Sumerian culture in Mesopotamia. During the Exile the Biblical icon, Daniel, was one of a group

of young Jewish intellectuals who were selected by the Babylonian king, Nebuchadnezzar, to

undergo a three-year study of Babylonian culture and literature (Daniel 1: 3-6). Daniel soon

became aware that what he was studying was in fact the culture and knowledge of the Jewish

patriarch, Abraham - whose name had been changed from the Sumerian Abram (Genesis 17:5) -

and was moved to capture as much of it as he could to pass on to future generations of Jews.

Prime amongst the study material was the corrupted Enuma Elish, the foremost religious and

cultural text of the Babylonians, and The Eridu Genesis – which incorporated the epic of

creation and the account of the global flood. There was also other related scientific and

mathematical material. Daniel was greatly impressed by all these and translated them into

Hebrew. As the Jewish scriptures contained neither an account of The Creation nor the Flood,

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he wrote a version, further redacted to conform to the emerging Jewish monotheistic theology,

and appended it to the beginning of the first book of the Bible, Genesis, starting with the words:

“In the beginning ...” which mirrors the opening words and narrative of the Enuma Elish,

“When on high...” These became cultural treasures of Jewish heritage and after the return of

some of the Jews to their homeland in 538 BCE the texts were safeguarded in the library of the

Temple in Jerusalem after it was rebuilt in 516 BCE.

The Exile is the watershed.


With exile, the religion of Israel comes to an end and Judaism begins
Israeli biblical scholar and author, Yehezkel Kaufmann

Four hundred years later a dynasty of priests called the Sons of Zadok, dating back to the

inauguration of the original Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem, rebelled against the Hellenization

of Temple worship following the death of Alexander the Great. The Zadokites relocated to

Qumran, a site some 35 kilometers east of Jerusalem overlooking the Dead Sea, taking with

them for custodianship, an extensive library of all the books of the Old Testament and other

historical manuscripts of religious and cultural significance, including Daniel’s translations of

the Babylonian texts. At Qumran, shunning the Temple of Jerusalem, they established a new

spiritual centre of pure Judaism, a monastery with a library and a scriptorium where over the

next 200 years many new manuscripts were written and added to the library, all-together to

become known 2000 years later as The Dead Sea Scrolls.

The Roman- Jewish War which erupted in 66 CE threatened the existence of the monastery

together with the irreplaceable manuscripts in its custody. The Zadokite priests, under oath to

protect the holy writings, hastily concealed them in pottery jars which they hid in inaccessible

caves in the cliffs below the monastery and fled to Pella across the Jordan River in the hills to

the northeast. In their haste, the holy scriptures (the Old Testament) had to be prioritized for

preservation and they possibly left behind in the library, the Babylonian literature which, as a

result, was destroyed by the Roman army along with the monastery.

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The Road to Damascus

Before its destruction by the Romans, the monastery at Qumran with its library became a

seminary of learning for the widespread lay following of the Zadokite priests. During its latter

years it attracted several iconic students such as Jesus of Nazareth, his cousin John the Baptist,

James, the brother of Jesus and leader of the lay community called the Jerusalem Church, and

the Apostle John who, by default after the deaths of Peter and James (Galatians 2:9), became

the spiritual leader, or pillar, of the lay community. John subsequently authored the final book

of the Bible titled “Revelation to John (The Apocalypse)”. The Apostle Paul also studied here for

three years (Galatians 1:17-18). NOTE: “Damascus” in this passage is a misconstruction of the

Hebrew phrase, dama’chos, meaning “cup of blood” which has misled history and religion for

two thousand years. One of the Dead Sea Scrolls makes repeated reference to the “the Land of

Dama’chos” as being where the Zadokites and their movement, which they called “The Way”,

was located. It refers not the city of Damascus in Syria, but to the basin low lying basin east of

Jerusalem stretching about 40 kilometers northwards from the Dead Sea to the Jordan River

Valley, including Qumran and the city of Jericho, the lowest area of dry land on Earth and is

where Jesus was baptised by John the Baptist in the Jordan River. The last journey of his

lifetime was with his disciples from Galilee from where he “entered the region of Judea beyond

the Jordan” and passed through Jericho on his way “up to Jerusalem” for the last time (Matthew

19:1; 20:29; 21:1). As a zealous young man, Paul was hunting and persecuting members of “The

Way” on the road to the Land of Dama’chos (Acts 9:1). Some years later he confessed that during

this vendetta, he himself had become an adherent of “The Way” (Acts 24:14).

Jesus, John the Baptist, James, the Apostle John and Paul all studied at the Zadokite seminary

in the Land of Dama’chos for two to three years. It was here that they encountered the

Babylonian texts and, like Daniel before them, were all profoundly influenced by them, which is

evident in the preaching of Jesus, the theology of Paul and the drama of the Book of Revelation.

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Ancient civilizations were less clinical and more romantic in the way they preserved and

presented knowledge to the citizenry who were scientifically less sophisticated than we are

today. The Bible is the most enduring of these caches of knowledge and has been passed down

the generations for almost three-and-a-half thousand years where it is claimed to be the most

widely read book in the world today with 3.9 billion copies sold in the last 50 years. In Genesis,

the first book of the Bible, Planet Nine is represented in Daniel’s addendum as the creator god of

the heavens and the Earth.

In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth


Genesis 1:1 written about 2600 years ago

In the final book of the Bible, Planet Nine switches roles and is cast by the Apostle John as the

evil destroyer of the world and mankind.

And a great portent appeared in heaven; behold a great red dragon with seven
heads ... Now war arose in heaven, Michael and his angels fighting against the
dragon and his angels
Revelation 12: 3, 7 written 1927 years ago

The alpha and the omega. Both passages are drawn from the same, more ancient,

Mesopotamian source and both refer to the Late Heavy Bombardment. Let me explain.

In the 4300 year old Sumerian “Epic of Creation” is preserved an account of the birth of the

Solar System, identifying all eight major planets, plus Pluto, as planet gods named, in order

from the Sun: Mummu (Mercury), Lahamu (Venus); Tiamat (Earth) and Kingu (Moon); Lahmu

(Mars); Kishar (Jupiter); Anshar (Saturn); Anu (Uranus); Ea (Neptune); and Gaga (Pluto).

It describes:

 The creation of the solar system: demiurge Tiamat (proto-Earth) gave birth to them all

(the planets);

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 the mingling of the waters of the Sun: They (Tiamat and the Sun) had mingled their

waters (plasma) together;

 the orbital migrations of Kishar (Jupiter) and Anshar (Saturn) before the arrival of a

rogue planet from “the deep”;

 the capture of Kingu (the Moon) as Earth’s satellite;

 the arrival, contraflow, of the interstellar rogue planet, Marduk (Planet Nine) from “the

deep”;

 Marduk’s interactions with Ea (Neptune) resulting in the creation of Neptune’s moon,

Triton; Anu (Uranus) causing the radical tilting its orbit; “kissing the lips” (the rings) of

Anshar (Saturn);

 There is no mention of direct interaction with Kishar (Jupiter) which suggests that it, at

the time of passing, was on the opposite side of the Sun;

 The creation of eleven more, much smaller, satellites that orbited proto-Earth;

 Marduk’s first encounter with Earth as it was captured into orbit by the Sun, making it

the tenth planet – until it was promoted to Planet Nine when Pluto was demoted by the

Astronomical Union in August 2006

 The collision with Earth as it returned, now in full orbit of the Sun;

 The commencement of the Late Heavy Bombardment;

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 The concomitant death of the Moon: now Kingu he bound and reckoned him with the

Dead Gods;

 The creation of the asteroid belt from the debris of Earth’s crust (her skull) from the

collision: He placed his feet on the lower parts of Tiamat and with his merciless club

smashed her skull, one half of her he set up and stretched out as the heavens, as a

screen for the skies, locking them together; as watchmen he stationed them. He bent

Tiamat’s tail to form the Great Band as a bracelet;

 The re-set of Earth’s orbit as a result of the collision with Planet Nine: He severed her

arteries (orbit) and let the “North Wind” (one of Planet Nine’s seven satellites) bear her

up (shift her to a new orbit;

 The preservation of Earth’s water and atmosphere by its guardian, the Moon: He

stretched the skin (atmosphere) and appointed a watch (the Moon) with instructions

not to let her waters escape.

The Babylonian influence of the Marduk-centric Enuma Elish is indisputable in many exilic and

post-exilic Psalms such as:

I consider the days of old, I remember the years of long ago. Psalm 77
(cf Job 8:8 - For inquire, I pray you, of bygone ages)

God (Marduk the rogue planet) has taken his place in the divine council; in the midst of the
gods (the planets of the solar system) he holds judgement. Psalm 82

There is none like thee among the gods (the planets), O Lord (Marduk) Psalm 86

When the waters saw thee, O God, when the waters (Tiamat the watery monster) saw thee,
they were afraid, yea, the deep trembled. Psalm 77

Thou didst divide the sea by thy might (the asteroid belt “where the waters had been”); thou
didst break the heads of the dragons on the waters (the original satellites of proto-Earth).
Thou didst crush the heads of Leviathan (Tiamat - proto-Earth). Psalm 74

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For who in the skies can be compared to the Lord (Marduk)? Who among the heavenly
beings (the planets) is like the Lord, God (Planet Nine) feared in the council of the holy
ones (the solar system), great and terrible above all that are round about him? Thou didst
crush Rahab (Tiamat) like a carcass (the collision between Planet Nine and proto-Earth)
Psalm 89

He (the Lord Marduk) is to be feared above all gods (planets); for thou, O Lord (Marduk)
art most high over all the earth; thou art exalted far above all gods. Psalm 96

These verses are in accord with the Babylonian 12-day New Year celebration worshipping

Marduk.

The mystery of how mankind’s first civilization came by this incredible knowledge over four

thousand years ago matters not in this context; what matters is that it exists, and is in total

accord with our emerging “new” scientific knowledge over the past two hundred and fifty years.

Job was a contemporary of Daniel’s. They possibly studied together in the academies of Babylon

and, like Daniel, he would thus also have studied the Enuma Elish and other Sumerian

scientific, astronomical and mathematical texts. Job was not a Jew but was a wealthy landowner

in the Land of Uz - which the Dead Sea Scrolls identify as being between the Euphrates and

Tigris Rivers, the location of Babylon. Nevertheless, the Book of Job is included in the Old

Testament of the Bible. In the text quoted above, Job is arguably referring to the ancient

Sumerian texts he and Daniel studied, written in “bygone ages” - some 1700 years before his

time. Revelation was written about 650 years after Job and Daniel, and today we are removed

from Job by a further 2600 years.

The dragon and the Woman in Heaven

Chapter 12 of Revelation is the myth of a pregnant maiden in distress in heaven fleeing from a

fierce, evil, seven-headed dragon - a re-telling of the story of Earth and Planet Nine.

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“A great portent appeared in heaven, a woman clothed with the sun, with the
moon at her feet, and on her head a crown of twelve stars; (and) she was with
child ... And another portent appeared in heaven; behold a great red dragon, with
seven heads”.

That the Sumerian creation narrative in the Enuma Elish called “the Celestial Battle” was

converted into a doomsday prophesy of the end of the world in Revelation 3000 years later is

obvious. In Revelation the drama is called “a War in Heaven”. The “woman in heaven” is clearly

a planet, indicated by her relationships to the Sun and the Moon. “Clothed with the Sun”

metaphorically describes a planet orbiting the Sun, therefore continuously bathed in its light.

“The moon at her feet” describes Tiamat’s large satellite, Kingu, orbiting at close distance

around her. “On her head, a crown of twelve stars” corresponds to the twelve satellites specified

in the Sumerian text orbiting Tiamat, chief among which was Kingu. And finally, in both the

Enuma Elish and Revelation she is described as being a child-bearer – “There was the Sun, the

first in order - their (the planets’) begetter; and demiurge Tiamat - who gave birth to them all”.

In the Mesopotamian text, the other planet in the conflict is described as an intruder from “the

deep”, or outer space - a rogue planet: “The great planet, at his appearance, dark red” - with

seven satellites. The second portent “seen” in Revelation, a great red dragon with seven heads, is

an exact match for Planet Nine (Marduk).

The astrophysical data relating to Earth and Planet Nine in Revelation is encrypted in this riddle:

The dragon was seized and bound for a thousand years and thrown into the
bottomless pit till the thousand years were ended. After that he must be loosed for
a little while
Revelation, Chapter 20, verses 2-3

In the context of our modern knowledge this would translate as:

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The rogue planet/ was /captured by the Sun/


and /locked into an orbit of 3600 years//taking
it deep into the Kuiper Belt//before returning
to perihelion and the vicinity of Earth for
about 600 years/

At first glance there appears to be a mismatch between the 1000 years in the biblical text and the

3600 years in our decryption of the riddle – which is why it’s a riddle! The key is found in earlier

passages in Revelation where vivid metaphors borrowed from the ancient Babylonian texts are

used to describe the cataclysmic collision between the two planets - the Late Heavy

Bombardment.

So here’s the solution. An analogue clock has the numbers 1 to 12 inscribed around its face. The

short hand points to one of those numbers to tell the hour. The long hand indicates how many

minutes have passed since the hour. But here we find a mismatch. When the long hand points for

example to the number 2 it actually means it is 10 minutes past the hour, but from early

childhood we have been taught the code and with just a glance we immediately know that

2 means 10. Similarly we must crack the code in Revelation to figure out what 1000 years really

means. The orbital period of one of the planets involved in the collision, referred to in Revelation

as the “woman in heaven”, is given three times – first as one thousand two hundred and sixty

days, then as forty two months and again as a time, times and half a time, that is three-and-a-half.

It is easy to see that these are three expressions of the same data -

1260 days is 42 months; 42 months equals 3-and-a-half years, so we may conclude that

a time is a year.

Planet Earth makes one orbit of the Sun in 365.25 days. We call this a year. So instead of saying

that you are 45 years old, you could say you have completed 45 orbits of the Sun!

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Similarly, one orbit of the Sun by any other planet is counted as one of its years, which will be

different in length from an Earth year. Now Earth makes 12 orbits of the Sun for every one orbit

of the giant planet Jupiter, thus 12 Earth years equal 1 year on Jupiter. This is a ratio of 12:1.

In Revelation, one orbit of the woman in heaven planet is expressed as three-and-a-half Earth

years, which is equal to one year of the woman in heaven planet, giving us the orbital

relationship between Earth and the woman planet – 3.5:1 But in describing the orbit of the

second planet in the cosmic drama, referring to it as a “great red dragon”, the orbital relationship

between it and the woman in heaven is expressed as 1000 years, meaning a thousand orbits of the

woman are equal to one orbit of the dragon. This converts back to 3500 in Earth years (1000

orbits x 3.5) which solves the riddle “The dragon was seized and bound for a thousand years”:

The dragon planet’s orbit is 3500 years.

So there is a slight difference between the 3500 years of Revelation and the 3600 years of the

Babylonian texts. For a perfect correlation the writer of Revelation, borrowing from the ancient

writings, would have to write “and bound him for one thousand and twenty eight point five seven

years” – poetically clumsy! Also “a time, times and half a time” would have been an equally

inelegant “a time, times and point seven nine of a time”. Forty two months would have been

“forty three point two months”.

So the poetical 42 months in Revelation, adjusted to the accurate 43.2 months in the original

Mesopotamian texts, translates into an orbital year of 3.6 Earth years, or 1315 days for the

“woman in heaven”, which places it in the asteroid belt, and 3600 Earth years (1000 x 3.6) for

the planet named “great red dragon” which matches almost exactly the latest scientific

calculation of 3556 years by Finch and Galiazzo.

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The Sumerians were the predecessors of the Babylonians. The Mesopotamian texts, which the

Jewish exiles would have studied, and were protected by the Zadokites at the time of John, the

author of Revelation, dramatically describe a cataclysmic collision between two planets. The

one named Tiamat was the mother of the solar system who, in liaison with the Sun, gave birth to

the other planets by mingling their waters. In Revelation it is the portent of the woman which

appeared in heaven. The other planet is described as “The great planet, at his appearance, dark

red”. The Sumerian narrative describes this great red planet as having seven satellites, each with

its own name. There can be no doubt that this is the portent Revelation describes as the “great

red dragon, with seven heads”.

The Ancient Intellect

The Sumerian civilization appeared rather suddenly about 5800 years ago. It is the starting

point of the civilization of mankind. Both the ancient Sumerian and the present-day Hebrew

calendars start counting time at this starting point 5783 years ago - “the year dot”. The

magnificent Sumerian empire thrived for 1738 years until it was annihilated in 2023 BCE as

suddenly as it appeared, wiped out by an “evil wind”.

The people, terrified, could hardly breathe;


The Evil Wind clutched them, does not grant them another day,
Mouths were drenched in blood, heads wallowed in blood.
The face was made pale by the Evil Wind,
which roams the street, is let loose in the road;
it stands beside a man – yet none can see it;
When it enters a house, its appearance is unknown.
Sumerian lamentation text

The Sumerians possessed astronomical and mathematical knowledge far superior to that of later

cultures but which appears to have disappeared with the desolation of Sumer and civilized

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knowledge regressed to a more primitive level. The Sumerians had a sophisticated heliocentric

perspective of the universe whereas later civilizations such as the Egypt of Ptolomy, the Greece

of Aristotle and the Roman Empire held the geocentric view of the cosmos. Science finally

caught up with the Sumerians 3500 years later when Nicholas Copernicus published his book

“On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Bodies” in 1543 CE and re-established the heliocentric view

we hold today. The Sumerians astronomers calculated the relationships between the movements

of the Sun, Earth and Moon and were able to predict eclipses. They developed a complex

spherical astronomical model which is once again used in modern times:

“The earth was taken to be a sphere with an equator and poles. The heavens,
too, were divided by imaginary equatorial and polar lines. The passage of
celestial bodies was related to the elliptic, the projection of the plane of Earth’s
orbit around the Sun upon the celestial sphere; the equinoxes (the points and
the times at which the Sun in its apparent annual movement north and south
crosses the celestial equator); and the solstices (the time when the Sun during
its apparent annual movement along the elliptic is at its greatest declination
north or south).”
Extract from Zecharia Sitchin: “The 12 th Planet”

It would be 3900 years later, in 1848 CE, that hundreds of thousands of cuneiform clay tablets,

discovered in the deserts of Iraq, brought back to life a scientific culture displaying a knowledge

of astronomy well in advance of modern astronomy of the day. We are only now beginning to

discover secrets of the cosmos that were known to the Sumerians over 5000 years ago.

“Mathematics, the language of the Universe” ~ Galileo Galilei

The decimal system widely used today stems from the Latin word decimus meaning tenth. The

sexagesimal system, from sexagesimus meaning sixtieth, and also called “base-60”, originated

with the ancient Sumerians 5000 years ago and was passed down to the Babylonians. It is still

used today for measuring time – 60 minutes in an hour, 60 seconds in a minute; angles e.g. 60

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K EN W PARSONS THE SECRET OF THE M OON

degrees, 90 degrees etc; and geographic coordinates from the 360 degrees of a circle. They were

using the theorem of Pythagoras long before Pythagoras was born, as in the 90 degree right-angle

triangle. It is more likely that Pythagoras, who was born in Greece shortly before the fall of

Babylon, learned it from the Babylonians and was the one who then taught it to the world. The

Babylonian sexagesimal system incorporated elements of the decimal system such that (6 times

10) is 60, and (6 times 60 times 10) is 3600. Sixty squared is also 3600, and 60 is one sixtieth of

3600 – the base of the sexagesimal system.

They worked with advanced mathematical principles and tables such as:

 Reciprocal of integers
 Arithmetical and geometric progression
 Squares and cubes
 Square roots and cube roots
 Quadratic and simultaneous equations
 Calculation of interest and period for annuities

(6 to the power of 4) times (ten to the power of 4) i.e. (6^4) x (10^4) = 12,960,000
Expressed as base-60: 60^4 = 12,960,000.

A Sumerian clay tablet was discovered recently giving a calculation table of sexagesimal
[base-#60] progression to the apex number 12,960,000. Some examples:
3600 x 3600 =12,960,000
500 = 12,960,000/25920 6000 = 12,960,000/2160
1000 = 12,960,000/12960 12960= 12,960,000/1000
3600 = 12,960,000/3600 43200 = 12,960,000/300
4000 = 12,960,000/3240 216000 = 12,960,000/ 60
The apex number 12,960,000 x 300 = 3,888,000,000 or 3.9 billion,
the estimated time of the Late Heavy Bombardment – or 1,080,000 orbits of Planet Nine!

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Sumeriologist, Zecharia Sitchin, in “The Twelfth Planet”, writes that in ancient Sumer “the

number 3,600 was written as a large circle. The epithet for the planet, ‘supreme ruler’, also

meant ‘perfect circle’ or ‘completed cycle’. It also meant the number 3,600. The common

identity of the three terms - planet/orbit/3,600 – could not be a mere coincidence”. The

Sumerians named this planet of 3600 years, Nibiru, meaning “planet of the crossing”,

referencing the location where its tilted orbit cut across the planetary plane in the zone of the

asteroid belt – the point where it collided with primordial Earth.

In the 1st century BC, Alexander Polyhistor, commenting on the writings of the Babylonian priest

Berossus about ten rulers upon Earth before the Deluge, observed that the period covered by this

was a hundred and twenty shars. To explain, Abydenus, a disciple of Aristotle, added “Now a

shar is esteemed to be three thousand six hundred years”.

Suppression by paradigm

A paradigm is a mindset about something being fact or necessary truth, endorsed by trusted

influencers and thought leaders and accepted without question, as the point of departure that

controls and steers any discussion, perception or theory on the subject.

Geocentrism was the paradigm held by some of the most brilliant minds in history asserting that

the Earth is at the centre of the universe with the Sun, Moon, stars and planets all orbiting around

it. This was the predominant model of the cosmos in the civilizations that followed the sudden

desolation of the Sumerians. It was scientifically determined from the perspective of an

earthbound observer that the earth seems to be unmoving, it feels solid, stable and stationary, and

from anywhere on Earth the Sun, Moon and the planets all appear to revolve around the Earth

once a day, and the stars appear to be fixed relative to one another on a celestial sphere rotating

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K EN W PARSONS THE SECRET OF THE M OON

once every day about an axis through the geocentric poles of Earth. We now know that any

discussion, perception or theory controlled and steered by this paradigm can never progress, for

example, to successful space travel and exploration. To achieve this ambition, as we have in only

the past century, a paradigm shift from geocentric to heliocentric was necessary, the mindset that

it is the Sun at the centre, with Earth and the other planets all revolving around it. That changes

everything.

Likewise, the mysteries of the Late Heavy Bombardment, the origins of the Moon and asteroid

belt, and the source of the Earth’s water, will remain unknowable without a shift from the current

paradigm that the Earth and Moon have always been where they are now. Until a paradigm shift

is made to one that perceives Earth and the Moon, Luna, originating independently in the zone of

the asteroid belt where there was a cataclysmic encounter with Planet Nine near 3.9 billion years

ago, these mysteries will continue to baffle brilliant minds controlled by the prevailing paradigm.

Planet Nine is the messenger that holds the key to unknowable mysteries, connecting the

beginning of civilization 5800 years ago with the present day. Planet Nine holds the secrets of

the creation of the Solar System, the birth of Earth, the origin of the Moon, the source of the Late

Heavy Bombardment, the origin of the asteroid belt, the deaths of Mars and Mercury and the

quirkiness of Venus. Let us not throw the baby out with the bathwater by disregarding this

unique knowledge because of a biased misunderstanding of mythology.

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