The Secret of The Moon
The Secret of The Moon
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There are ideas that are not within the same box that we have been thinking about before,
and we should entertain these possibilities;
and we should only rule them out, one by one, on additional data or evidence.
Prof Abraham Loeb, Professor of Astrophysics, Harvard University
We have the ability to project and hypothesize, factually or fancifully, great scenarios from tiny
scraps of evidence. The exploration of the Moon by the Apollo missions of the late 1960s and
early 1970s gave rise to a scientific concept known generally as The Late Heavy Bombardment
382 kilograms of melt-rock samples brought back from the Moon by the astronauts.
Scientists determined the ages of these Moon rocks to be between 4.1 and 3.8 billion years old
and the ancient melting of the rocks was ascribed to the enormous energy release from massive
at the bottom providing scale. The LHB was called “late” because it happened about 700 million
years after the formation of the Solar System. The most popular theory as to the cause is that
monster asteroids were disturbed from their orbits in the asteroid belt by ‘orbital migrations’ of
the giant gas planet Jupiter and were thereby scattered into the inner Solar System, smashing
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These assumptions however are challenged by the hard evidence which tells an entirely different
For virtually the entire existence of the human race we have only ever seen the familiar face of
the Moon that has looked down unwaveringly on Earth for the past 4 billion years. It is only in
the last 60 years or so that we contrived to get a look-see at the other side when in October 1959
the Soviet robotic space probe, Luna 3, became the first explorer from Earth to pass around
behind the Moon and send back a few indistinct grainy images of the far side. Nine years later,
the American Apollo 8 spacecraft carried three intrepid astronauts - Jim Lovell, Frank Borman
and Bill Anders - around the Moon making them the first humans ever, not only to leave planet
Earth, but to travel to another body in the cosmos and see firsthand and close up, the far side of
the Moon. Since then scientists have been faced with a disturbing anomaly:
The familiar Earth-facing side of the Moon and the newly revealed far side do not match.
In the beginning
In the very distant past, the familiar face of the Moon was the victim of a brutal bombardment of
massive projectiles creating 23 huge impact basins. The sheer magnitude and energy of the
impacts shook the Moon to its foundations, crushed the crust and disturbed the interior, causing
volcanic magma to well up to the surface and flood the basins with hot molten lava.
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Over time the lava cooled, leaving the basins with a relatively smooth floor, which from Earth
had the appearance of seas - or maria in Latin. In the billions of years that followed new, very
much smaller meteorites, have struck these lava seas, impressing in them craters magnitudes
smaller than the massive basins caused by the heavy bombardment near 3.9 billion years ago.
Inexplicably, the far side of the Moon, which significantly never faces Earth, has no massive
lava-filled impact basins, only a pebble rash of conventional craters. Current theories are unable
to explain how, for 300 million years, the far side somehow did a Houdini and escaped the
bombardment. In addition, the crust of the Moon on the far side is nearly twice as thick as on
the near side and the highlands of the far side also have the highest mountains on the Moon,
It is implausible that the 23 impacts on the Earth-facing side were random hits over an extended
period of 300 million years, all originating from the asteroid belt 200 million kilometers away as
assumed. Statistically that would be only one direct hit every 13 million years, randomly striking
an impossibly small target just 3474 kilometers in diameter - 23 strikes overlapping each other
in a tight grouping, on one side of the Moon only! Ballistically, the marksman-like grouping of
these hits indicates that it all happened suddenly, all together in a cataclysmic storm - possibly
within the space of a few hours - like a single blast from a shotgun at close range.
The Earth, Moon and the inner planets are surrounded by the asteroid belt, a gigantic circle
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some two-and-a-half billion kilometers in circumference. If this indeed was the source of the
Lunar Cataclysm, the missiles would have come at the Moon from every direction. The fact that
only one side of the Moon was hit means, logically, they all came from the same direction. Since
the Moon orbits Earth at a speed of nearly 3700 kilometers per hour, it was only in the path of
the monster missiles for a relatively short period of time before moving out of the cross-hairs.
So fourteen days later, when the far side swung into the
had come - nothing happened. It was all over - nothing to see here, and the far side escaped
unharmed. Facing the danger zone every two weeks for 300 million years - if indeed these were
random strikes over that extraordinarily long period of time - it is impossible that the far side
could have escaped being bombarded while the other side got so badly beaten up over and over
again! Work it out, over that period of time the far side, like the near side, would have faced
the danger zone, head-on, nearly 8 billion times - and nary a hit!
The hard evidence for the whole Late Heavy Bombardment theory comprises only of these 23
impact basins, all on the near side, while the planets Mercury and Mars suffered one and three
hits respectively – making a total of 27 known major impacts in the whole of the Solar System in
those 300 million years - according to the popular hypothesis. Paradoxically, no such impact
sites have been identified on Earth or Venus, the remaining two members of the inner Solar
System. Yet to justify the hypothesis, scientists reason that Earth, due to its size and very close
proximity to the Moon, statistically must have been hit at least four times more than the Moon -
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that would be almost one hundred massive hits like those on the Moon! But there is not a single
trace of any such massive impacts on land or in the sea; they are all hypothetical. This line of
reasoning then forces the question: Why then did the smallest victim, the Moon, get hit eight
times more than Mars which is twice its size - and 78 million kilometers closer to the asteroid
The widely-accepted source of the Late Heavy Bombardment, informed by the prevailing
paradigm, is the main asteroid belt, located on average 230 million kilometers away from Earth.
This zone is imagined as an enormous tube or doughnut, 150 million kilometers wide, 150
million kilometers thick, with a circumference of 2.54 billion kilometers through its middle. It is
the same width as the zone between the Earth and the Sun occupied by the three planets, Earth,
Venus and Mercury. NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft flew right through the ‘asteroid belt’ en
route to Pluto - that’s a transit of 150 million kilometers in four months - without encountering a
single asteroid!
Popular representations of the asteroid belt are misleading. Fully one-third of the mass of
everything in the entire asteroid belt is accounted for by a single tiny planet named Ceres. Just a
quarter the size of the Moon it would not fill the space between Johannesburg and Cape Town.
The remaining bits of dust and rocks from 100km to 1km in diameter populating this enormous
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space – all-together amounting to only 2.7% the mass of the Moon - are widely scattered around
the vast cosmic doughnut, on average a million kilometers apart. In reality, 99.9% of the
asteroid belt is empty space owned by the dwarf planet Ceres. Any notion that this was the
While most asteroids are composed of rock, some of them contain metals such as iron and
nickel. The remaining asteroids are made up of a mix of these, along with carbon-rich materials.
Some of the more distant asteroids tend to contain more volatile elements, which include water
ice and magnesium. These significant chemical differences between the asteroids do not point
towards a common origin, like perhaps the remains of an exploded planet - and one only half the
There exist numerous more or less compatible hypotheses as to how water may
have accumulated on the Earth’s surface over the past 4.6 billion years in
sufficient quantity to form oceans.
Harvard University course: “Origins of water on Earth”
Earth is the only planet in the entire Solar System with liquid surface water; indeed water covers
more than 70% of its surface which is another anomaly for science. Scientific reasoning is that
when Earth formed, it was way too hot to hold on to liquid water and so therefore it “must have
arrived later, splashing down from comets after the planet was formed” (Alvin Powell: The
Harvard Gazette).
Over millions of years, dust grains coalesced to form comets. These comets we
believe became a contributing source of water for the planets.”
Michiel Hogerheijde, Leiden University, Netherlands
The first question is - how did tiny grains of dust transform to become water?
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Then there are the four rocky inner planets, plus the planet-sized Moon. So the next question is -
why only Earth? Such a deluge of water from more than five billion kilometers away, over
millions or even billions of years, could not have been so selective; the other three planets and
the Moon must have been affected in equal measure. Which then raises a conundrum: When did
this cometary-express water delivery take place – before the Late Heavy Bombardment, or after?
If before, then why did Earth, despite supposedly being heavily bombarded by asteroids like all
the rest, retain its water while all the others lost theirs? If after the LHB, then why do none of
the other planets and the Moon still have water-from-comets, like Earth?
Then according to another school of thought, measurements of the ratio of the hydrogen
isotopes deuterium and protium (called the D/H ratio), point instead to asteroids rather than
comets being the bearers of water, since similar percentage impurities in carbon-rich chondrites
– that is, stony meteorites that hit Earth – are also contained in Earth’s oceanic water, while the
measurements of these isotopic concentrations in most comets don’t match the water on Earth.
Accordingly, A. Morbidelli et al, (Meteoritics & Planetary Science 2000) postulate that the
largest part of today’s water came from protoplanets formed in the outer asteroid belt that
plunged towards Earth. The difficulty here is how, in spite of being bombarded by 23 massive
asteroids (as supposed), did the Moon at the same time escape being hit by any of the millions of
water-bearing asteroids?
The Harvard course points to mechanisms that have been proposed by H. Genda, M. Ikoma:
Origin of the Ocean on the Earth: Early Evolution of Water D/H in a Hydrogen-rich
Atmosphere, which suggest that the D/H ratio of oceanic water may have increased significantly
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throughout Earth’s history. “Such a proposal is consistent with the possibility that a significant
amount of the water was already present during the planet’s early evolution.”
Magnetism at the Carnegie Institution for Science, the problem with the water-from-comets
theory is that evidence has emerged that water was present on Earth far earlier than previously
thought. Whereas Earth’s oldest rocks date back 4.03 billion years, there is material older than
rocks called detrital zircons - lighter elements which tend to be more buoyant than heavier rocks
like basalt - that formed some 4.4 billion years ag0 - less than 200 million years after the first
solids began to form out of the protoplanetary disk - and some of these zircons show evidence of
having been created in contact with water, significantly sooner than the LHB 3.9 billion years
ago.
According to the Smithsonian Institution, a mere 150 million years after the formation of the
Clearly, there is far from consensus in the scientific community as to why seventy percent of the
Earth’s surface is covered with water, or indeed why it is the only planet with surface water at
all. A new hypothesis which will be presented here, in which the origin of the matching waters
on Earth and in the Apollo rock samples from the Moon’s impact basins, will tie up all the loose
ends, not only of the source of water on Earth but also the cause of the so-called Late Heavy
The findings of Morbidelli et al largely disqualify implausible theories that water was delivered
to an otherwise dry Earth by billions of comets flying in from hundreds of billions of kilometers
away in the Kuiper Belt. Had that been the case then all of the inner rocky planets and the Moon
would, like Earth, also be blessed with water. The entire asteroid belt with a mass of just 0.0005
times that of Earth is too sparse to have been the reservoir for all the Earth’s water, and indeed
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for the water of the Moon and the other three inner rocky planets as well (as will be proposed
here). The reason that the solution eludes scientists is that, although most LHB hypotheses are
founded on good science, they all try to make the evidence fit the prevailing paradigm. However,
information from a surprising source, which will be presented later, suggests that before the
Late Heavy Bombardment, an infant watery Earth and the Moon were not where they are now.
A paradigm shift is an important change that happens when the usual way of
thinking about something is replaced by a new and different way.
Derived from “The Structure of Scientific Revolutions” by Thomas Kuhn 1962
No matter how wild or unusual your idea may be, if it has sufficiently strong
explanatory power to account for what we observe, it might just be the necessary
idea to solve whatever puzzle it is that you’re considering.
Dr Ethan Siegal, theoretical astrophysicist and author of “Starts with a Bang”
No less plausible, no more far-fetched than current scientific theories, this new hypothesis is
developed from the same evidence, but viewed through the perspective of a new paradigm.
I am a forensic historian and theorist and this hypothesis is accordingly crude in astrophysical
terms but, it offers a new model to fit the evidence which astrophysicists can evaluate, measure,
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There was a conspicuous gap in the early Solar System’s protoplanetary disk,
between where Mars and Jupiter are now, and where the modern-day
asteroid belt sits. What exactly caused the gap is a mystery, but astronomers
think it’s a sign of the processes that governed planet formation.
Summary by Universe Today of: "Paleomagnetic evidence for a disk substructure in
the early solar system" by Cauê S. Borlina et al
Contrary to this article, in the approximately 700 million years before the Late Heavy
Bombardment, there was not a gap between Mars and Jupiter. That place was occupied by three
newly formed, independent, protoplanets – Earth, the Moon - properly named Luna, and the
much smaller Ceres. All were in the orbital space that has become known today as the asteroid
belt, which at the time was no more congested than other regions of the Solar System. This is
supported, in part, by the speculation of A. Morbidelli et al, as mentioned above, that watery
protoplanets formed in the outer asteroid belt. At that time Earth, at a range of 2.3 AU from the
Sun (approximately 346 million kilometers), was one of those protoplanets and had an orbital
period of 1315 modern earth days, which will be explained later. Further out, Ceres orbited the
Sun in 1682 days, as it still does, while planet Luna orbited the Sun between Earth and Ceres.
Just as Luna was 27% the size of Earth, so tiny Ceres was 27% the size of Luna. Next closer to
the Sun from Earth was Mars, while Mercury orbited in the zone presently occupied by Earth
and the Moon, 150 million kilometers out from the Sun. Venus at that time was the closest
planet to the Sun in roughly the same orbit it still occupies today. This comprised the original
suite of six rocky planets of the early inner Solar System, prior to the Late Heavy Bombardment,
all of them endowed with surface water. The source of this water was not from tiny comets
billions of kilometers away in the coldest depths of the Solar System, it was from the hottest
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“The Fourth State of Matter: If we continue to add heat to steam, eventually the
water molecules will begin to break apart into individual atoms of hydrogen and
oxygen and then, as more heat is added, into ions and electrons. It is this super-
heated mixture of electrons and ions that we call plasma”
University of Wisconsin-Madison: Wisconsin Plasma Experience
The Sun is a hot ball of plasma. About 4.6 billion years ago, the young Sun was surrounded by a
created.
This hypothesis proposes that interplanetary coronal mass ejections of plasma, energised by
strong magnetic fields and carried out by the solar wind, were primary elements in the process
that formed the planets of the Solar System 4.6 billion years ago.
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When the asteroid belt was first formed, the temperatures at a distance of
2.7 AU from the Sun formed a “snow line” below the freezing point of water.
Essentially, planetesimals which formed beyond this radius were able to
accumulate ice. Universe Today
Ceres is located right on this boundary and the six rocky planets were all inside of the “snow
line”, all ending up with abundant liquid surface water while the plasma on rocky bodies which
became satellites of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune beyond the “snow line” became ice.
Musical Chairs
The positions the planets in the Solar System are in today haven’t always been
that way, so the place that a planet formed isn’t necessarily the place it ended up.
Dr Becky Smethurst, Astrophysicist, Oxford University
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At some point, when Earth, much larger and faster - orbiting at some 19.1 kilometers per second
on the inside track - overtook Luna. As it passed, its much stronger gravity, assisted by the
slingshot effect of its orbital momentum, dragged Luna from its independent orbit into a new
destiny, to orbit Earth as a moon forevermore, forming a binary planet system (Mirth?). The
various ratios of the two proto-planets caused them to become tidally-locked such that while
Earth’s rotation slowed from around 9 hours to twenty four, Luna’s rate of rotation about its
axis, 27.322 days, exactly matched its rate of revolution around Earth, also 27.322 days, so that
the same face of Luna has since always faced Earth. At the time Luna, “the Moon”, was much
closer - just 236,200 kilometers from Earth. Now, creeping at the rate of just 3.8 centimetres
per year, it has since moved a further 148,200 kilometers away - which gives some idea of
how freaking long ago four billion years was! Had Earth not laid first claim, Luna in time might
have captured Ceres as a satellite in the same ratio as Moon is to Earth to become the only
planet in the inner Solar System, not Earth, with a legitimate moon and the outcomes for Earth
Conventional science, locked into the current paradigm, has developed a theory for the origin of
the Moon from the evidence of the 382-kilogram collection of lunar melt rocks which, because
they had been suddenly melted, correctly provided proof of a massive impact event.
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Earth and Moon. The research by Simon and Gargano is adding support that
further confirms this theory. NASA TV
As crazy as it sounded when it was proposed in the 1970s, this has come to be the
accepted theory – verified by many observable phenomena that match
predictions – over the past 40 years. Prof Ethan Siegal, theoretical
astrophysicist and author of “Starts with a Bang”
The theory has several significant challenges, main among which is the statement that there is a
“huge difference between the modern elemental makeup of the Earth and Moon”. This
contradicts totally the speculation that the hypothetical planet Theia and Earth “splatter(ed)
apart into (uniform) globs of gas, magma and chemical elements before reforming into the
bodies we know today to be the Earth and Moon” – in which case their elemental makeups,
made from the same elemental soup, would be identical, which is not the case! Only a
microscopic sample of rocks from mega lava-filled impact craters on the near side of the Moon
match the geophysics of Earth. This enigma will be explained by this hypothesis.
The big news is that Planet Theia is still intact and present in the Solar System.
The Late Heavy Bombardment was in fact the compound of a sudden primary cataclysmic event
near 3.9 billion years ago followed immediately by a domino sequence of secondary events. This
was some time after the orbital shifts of Jupiter, which was therefore not the trigger. The
primary instigator was an alien rogue planet from elsewhere in the galaxy passing contra-flow
through the Solar System and which, as a result, was captured into a permanent retro orbit by
the Sun and is the mysterious ninth planet. With highly elliptical orbital characteristics of the
long-period comets, the Neptune-sized planet is currently located slightly past its point of
aphelion - its furthest point from the Sun (meaning it has just commenced its return), in an
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We started getting these hints that there really is something else out there —
a really giant planet that we think is still now lurking well beyond Neptune,
waiting to be found. Planet Nine is really out there, and we really will find it.
Dr Mike Brown, Professor of Planetary Science in the Division of Geological
and Planetary Sciences at Caltech (California Institute of Technology)
The thing is, if it is a planet, it is not lurking nor waiting to be found. Planets are constantly on
the move around their orbits of the Sun, from the closest to the furthest. It’s just that the
furthest move very, very slowly - in this case taking 3600 years, or 50 lifetimes, to complete a
But even without technology, slow-moving Planet Nine will be rediscovered by mankind in
about 1,390 years time – that is in about another 19 human lifetimes - when it again approaches
perihelion, its closest point to the Sun - and the Earth. Over a period of years it will slowly begin
to manifest as a point of light among the stars of the Taurus constellation, gradually becoming
visible to the naked eye for a few hundred years looking somewhat like Jupiter, as it last did
around 100 CE when it was part of the night sky during the lifetime of Jesus Christ, and circa
3500 BCE before that. This will be the start of a roughly 576-year arc through perihelion as it
crosses into the planetary zone, until it reaches perihelion and then slowly fades again from
man’s consciousness in the south-eastern sky as it crosses back and disappears into the Kuiper
Belt. This is a span of some eight human lifetimes which would explain why there is no historical
record of a sudden, dramatic appearance of a new planet in the sky, like a comet. For those alive
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during that time, it was always there, for their entire lives; it was always part of the night sky.
But then, for the next 3000 years it is absent from our sky – that is 42 lifetimes - and easily
fades from our collective memory. Until one day, our advanced science detects some anomalies
that cause us to suspect that something is lurking way out there – Planet Nine. The last time
Planet Nine was at its present location along its orbit was around the time of the Exodus of the
In January 2020, Robert Finch and Mattia Galiazzo published a paper titled
The Orbit of Planet Nine Derived from Engineering Physics. Founded on an extensive set of
mathematical equations they had developed, their calculations inferred the presence of a large
unknown planet currently hidden somewhere in the vastness of the Kuiper Belt. Their
conclusion: Planet Nine exists, is 233 AU from the Sun and has an orbit of 3556 years. The
Sun’s entire planetary system, 60 AU in diameter, would fit about four times into the space
To add some colour and context, geneticists have traced the origin of homo sapiens sapiens back
for a span of just 60 Planet Nine orbits to a single female progenitor they named Mitochondrial
Eve. Remember the dinosaurs? Probably not. Consider this - the dinosaurs suddenly became
extinct when they were suddenly annihilated in a cataclysmic event 18 thousand Planet Nine
orbits ago after dominating the Earth for 45,000 orbits of Planet Nine. Since the Late Heavy
Bombardment, Planet Nine has completed just over a million orbits - 1,080,000 - which, times
3600 years, is 3,888,oo0,000 or 3.9 billion years. It was known to the ancient Egyptians as “the
The ancient Egyptian and Sumerian civilizations appeared around 75 lifetimes ago. This was
when the entire history of human civilization started, and was when the ancient Sumerian and
Jewish calendars both commenced in “the year dot” - 5782 years ago. In that entire time Planet
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Nine has not even completed 2 orbits of the Sun, one and-a-half to be exact - testimony perhaps
Most current hypotheses on the LHB hold that Earth, in very close proximity to the Moon and
being four times larger than the Moon, could not have avoided the hypothetical asteroid storm
and must therefore have been impacted several times more than the Moon. However the
evidence does not support this conclusion. The oldest and largest known impact basin on Earth
is the nearly 300 kilometer wide Vredefort Dome in South Africa. It is a UNESCO Heritage Site
[ID: 1162] and is the site of the world’s greatest ever energy release event, creating the famous
goldfields of the Witwatersrand. The age of this impact crater has been determined to be two
billion years after the Late Heavy Bombardment. The next two ranked impact basins on Earth
are:
Sudbury, Canada: Dated to 2.2 billion years after the LHB and is 250 kilometers wide.
Chicxulub, Mexico: A mere 66 million years ago and 170 kilometers wide, to which is attributed
the extinction of the dinosaurs. Ergo: No evidence of any mega impacts on the Earth around 3.9
billion years ago during the Late Heavy Bombardment – except for one which has been hidden
The anomaly of the evidence is this. During the LHB there were 23 massive impacts on the side
of the Moon that has always faced the Earth as it moves in a complete circle around it every 27
days. The far side of the Moon, which obviously also moves around 360 degrees every 27 days
but facing in the opposite relative direction - away from Earth, in 3.9 billion years has had no
hits. It is free of the massive lava filled impact basins such as those on the near side.
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Earth, a target four times bigger than the Moon, is a rotating sphere open to all points of the
compass but had no hits. Vredefort, the largest and oldest impact crater on Earth, 2 billion years
AFTER the LHB, is half the average size of any of the 23 mega-impact basins on the Moon and
come.
Earth!
The secret of the Moon is that the vast lava-filled impact basins on the near side, including the
Sea of Tranquillity where Neil Armstrong was the first man to set foot, are the burial sites of
chunks of the Pacific Basin on Earth. This explains the matching characteristics of the rock
of the Moon, unaffected by the LHB, are taken one day and analysed, they will likely tell a
different story. The match of the rock samples with the silicate on Earth is simply because the
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water on Earth. The findings suggest a common source of water for both objects.
Harvard University, Origin of water on Earth
If Earth was born with its water already present, as suggested earlier, then the common source
must be Earth.
When the fiery primordial rogue planet headed into the Solar System against the traffic, it was
not on the same plane as the established family of planets. Coming in at an angle, and already
being pulled inwards by the Sun’s gravity, it crossed the planetary orbital plane at a point close
to where a watery Earth and its tethered partner, Luna, were orbiting 196 million kilometers
further out from the Sun than they are now. During this close encounter, bolts of electro-
magnetic energy were discharged in passing from the intruder triggering a commotion of
earthquakes and volcanic eruptions on proto-Earth. Soon after Planet Nine had moved past, one
of its seven small satellites collided head-on with Earth resulting in further chaos – tsunamis,
cyclones and earthquakes. Earth was cloaked in a mantle of volcanic ash, but worse was yet to
come.
Captured by the Sun, the rogue then passed by and commenced its very first highly elliptical,
mere tick in the tock of the cosmic clock. By this time the
adopted orphan had been tugged in closer by the Sun since its
first approach and this time, Earth ran out of space. Approaching from opposite directions, the
two planets brushed each other and the offset impact, aided by the force of Earth’s counter-
clockwise spin, scraped the crust from one side of Earth sending hundreds of thousands, if not
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millions, of huge chunks of debris flying out into space. Earth’s waters rushed to fill the giant
cavity, which today is called the Pacific Basin, sending a monstrous tsunami racing around the
globe. The symbiotic gravitational relationship between Earth and the Moon ensured that
Earth’s water and atmosphere were not blasted off the surface by the massive energy release.
Just hours after the planetary collision, twenty three massive chunks slammed into Luna as it
hour first into, and then out of, the path of the
massive energy of the virtually simultaneous impacts Graphic assembled by Ken W Parsons
sent huge shock waves through the body of the Moon thrusting up the highlands and high
The familiar dark patches on the near side are the cemetery for 23 chunks of the Pacific Basin.
This accounts for but a tiny fraction of all the debris blasted off the surface of Earth. The impact
basins account for only about 17% of the Moon’s surface, while the entire Moon would fit into
the Pacific Basin three times over. Most of Earth’s crust flew past the Moon to other
destinations.
Earth was already reeling from the impact when very shortly afterwards another of slow-
moving Planet Nine’s own satellites collided obliquely with Earth delivering the coup de grâce,
adding the impetus to shove an already unstable Earth from its orbit in an inward spiral,
together with its now-dead, tethered satellite, crossing the orbit of Mars until eventually, due to
the opposing gravities of the Sun and Jupiter it settled into a new orbit 149.6 million kilometers
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from the Sun - which had just been vacated by Mercury. The evidence of this secondary impact
could arguably be the Marianas Trough in the Pacific Ocean, which sizewise would extend down
the length of Australia or across almost half the face of the Moon. It could be the skid mark of
the satellite’s offset collision with Earth, tearing apart the Marianas Trench, and igniting the
Hypothetically, eighty days later after accelerating across 106 million kilometers of space, three
chunks of Earth’s crust slammed into the southern hemisphere of Mars with a force greater than
prominences known as the Tarsus Bulge and the Elysium Bulge with such force that the top of
Olympus Mons reaches above the remaining atmosphere of Mars - literally into outer space. The
sudden need for Mars to absorb the simultaneous mass and kinetic energy of the three
impactors caused the planet to burst its seams along fully one quarter of its circumference,
forming the gash known as the Valles Marineris. All the water on Mars was also blown off into
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Mercury, also known as the Iron Planet, is the smallest planet with a diameter of 4880
kilometers. Its close proximity to the Sun makes it super-difficult to explore close-up. Only two
missions from Earth have thus far been to Mercury and a third is currently en route having left
In 1973 NASA’s Mariner-10 robotic space probe was launched to perform flybys of Venus and
Mercury. The probe sent back images and scientific data captured during three passes of
Mercury six months apart in March 1974, September 1974 and March 1975 as it looped around
the Sun and Mercury before it ran out of fuel and was decommissioned. During this time,
2011 – 2015: After a journey of six-and-a-half years, the NASA robotic spacecraft, MESSENGER,
spent fully four years in orbit around Mercury scanning and gathering data about the planet. For
several decades before that, it had been incredulously suspected by scientists that bright patches
observed by Mariner -10 on the surface of Mercury might be ice despite the planet being a mere
cosmic stone’s throw from the blazing Sun. MESSENGER confirmed this suspicion and sent
back images and spectroscopic data of large volumes of water-ice in impact craters at the
planet’s North Pole. How is it possible, the scientists mused, for there to be ice on the surface of
a planet that is so close to the Sun that temperatures get up to a broiling 450 degrees C?
The answer, it turns out, is that Mercury has virtually no atmosphere, so the furnace-like heat
the ultra-cold temperatures of outer space and so ice in the shadow never melts. MESSENGER
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detected surface water-ice in areas of craters at the North Pole which are in permanent shadow
subject to temperatures of down to minus 193 degrees C while the part of the crater in direct
Mercury is freakish. It’s a big ball of metal surrounded by a tiny bit of rock.
It is a virtual cannonball with a metal core that makes up about 85% of the planet. Although
Mercury is only 38% the size of Earth, its core is 59% the size of Earth’s core while its density is
98.4% that of Earth, signalling that something is missing. Hypothetically, therefore, it could be
argued that way back in its distant past, Mercury’s original diameter was up to 7400 kilometers
– 1½ times its present size - with a respectable covering of crust and mantle.
A clue was found in Mercury’s chemistry. Volatiles are the group of chemical elements that can
readily be turned by heat into a gas or vapour.They include: water, potassium, magnesium,
sodium, sulphur, chlorine and carbon. Astrogeologists investigate volatiles in the crust or
atmosphere of a planet. Almost as soon MESSENGER got into orbit, it started sending back
confusing data from Mercury. The tiny probe detected unexpected volatile elements in
concentrations that no one had thought possible this close to the Sun!
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So the evidence shows that a few million years after Mercury’s formation, a crust developed rich
with volatile elements. If Mercury had been as close to the Sun as it is now when these elements
formed on the surface, they would have evaporated and disappeared before the formative
molten rock hardened. Yet paradoxically, there is an abundance of these volatiles in the rocky
crust.
The evidence of the volatiles on Mercury’s surface and of the unusual size of its core, points to
the unavoidable conclusion that Mercury began life as much as 100 million kilometers further
from the Sun than it is today – in fact, in the region where Earth is now located, right between
Then something drastic happened to send it spiralling a hundred million kilometers inwards
towards the Sun. It is evident that Mercury was originally larger than it is now, but that some
violent, catastrophic event caused a significant amount of its outer surface to be shattered and
blasted away into space. A hundred and seventy days after the primary collision between Earth
and Planet Nine, Mercury - 78 million kilometers away from Mars - stepped into the path of
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Caloris, another flying chunk of the Pacific Basin. At this time Mercury was one-and-a-half
The Caloris impactor smashed into Mercury near 3.9 billion years ago leaving an ancient crater
known as Caloris Planitia. Over 1500 kilometers wide, the distance from Johannesburg to Cape
Town, it is one of the largest craters in the Solar System. Ceres, the dwarf planet in the asteroid
belt, would comfortably fit into this impact basin - with room to spare.
The massive kinetic energy of the Caloris impact sent shock waves resonating through the dense
iron core to the opposite side as well as reverberating around the sides, stripping the planet of
most of its outer crust and mantle leaving Mercury skinnier than it previously was, and leaving
the iron core to account for 85% of the planet’s makeup, compared with Earth where the core
accounts for only about 53%. The Caloris impact triggered massive volcanic activity resulting in
As with Earth, the massive Caloris impact jolted Mercury out of its orbital path and it began to
spiral inwards toward the Sun. Without colliding, it moved across the orbit of its inner
neighbour, Venus. Both were rotating nominally counter-clockwise and the effect of the
gravitational interaction and orbital momentum between the two put a brake on Mercury’s spin
about its axis to slow it almost to a stop, and caused the counter-clockwise rotation of Venus to
slow, stop and reverse so that today Venus spins slowly in the opposite direction to all the other
planets. Mercury’s own rotational speed slowed almost to a standstill so much so that, as it
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finally settled into a new 88 day-long orbit just 58 million kilometers out from the Sun, whereas
Earth makes 365 rotations about its axis (days) during one orbit of the Sun (a year), Mercury
Mercury died 3.9 billion years before present when Caloris, the deadly missile from Earth,
blasted its water and atmosphere out into space, just like the fate of its planetary kin, Mars and
Luna. Little more than an iron core, barely rotating, Mercury ended up as the closest planet to
the Sun in the peculiar elliptical orbit we see today. If Mercury had formed and remained near
Earth at a more comfortable distance from the Sun, it definitely could have been very different.
What of Venus? Venus is wrapped in a toxic blanket of sulphuric acid cloud and exploration of
the planet has thus far been all but impossible. It is therefore not known whether Venus too was
a victim of the Late Heavy Bombardment but the odds are favourable that it could have escaped
scot free.
The big question is, why is it that, of all the inner rocky planets, Earth alone retained its water?
The answer is that Earth is the only one that has a satellite (the two tiny bits of rock orbiting
Mars are of no consequence – the larger, Phobos is just 22.5 kilometers across and Deimos even
smaller at 12.4 kilometers). The Moon is a captured planet nearly the size of Mercury. Its
gravity, as it circles the Earth every 27 days exerts a constant force on the water and atmosphere
Asteroid Belt
In the cataclysmic collision between Earth and the oncoming Planet Nine, the crust of Earth was
pulverised and blasted into space leaving a massive cavity so vast that all the continents on
Earth would fit into it area-wise – with room to spare. As the larger, heavier, Planet Nine was
moving in the opposite direction to Earth, the force of the impact left chunks of debris trailing in
the space behind Earth. Like an insect flying around inside a car travelling at 100 kilometers per
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hour can fly from the front to the back, it will nevertheless move at the same speed and direction
as the car, so the net motion of the debris trailing out behind was in the same direction as Earth.
The combined debris from the crusts of the Pacific Basin, the northern hemisphere of Mars and
much of the crust of Mercury, was blasted into space to orbit the Sun as the main component of
the asteroid belt. We will have to wait until we re-discover Planet Nine to find out what damage
it may have sustained and whether it too contributed to the body of the asteroid belt.
This rendering of the wounded northern hemisphere of Mars highlights how much lower it is
without its crust than the southern hemisphere, similar to the disfigurement of Earth.
Before changing its orbit, Mercury was reduced to two-thirds of its original size when the Caloris
impact blasted much of its crust and mantle out into space, much, if not all, of which also ended
up orbiting in the zone of Ceres. All together this conglomeration of impact debris from the
three planets recently became known as the asteroid belt and could explain the fact that
geologically, there are three main classifications of asteroids. Conditions have thus far prevented
The asteroid belt was not the source of the Late Heavy Bombardment randomly ejecting
asteroids into the inner Solar System over a span of 300 million years.
The asteroid belt was created by the Late Heavy Bombardment over a brief period of less than a
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For inquire, I pray you, of bygone ages, and consider what the fathers have
found. Will they not teach you, and tell you, and utter words out of their
understanding
Job 8: 8, 10 - The Old Testament
It will be surprising to most to discover that 400 years after this was written, the Book of
Revelation in the Bible was written, including exact data as to the orbital periods of both Earth
and Planet Nine as they were before the Late Heavy Bombardment, expressed exactly in days
and months as well as years. How did its author come to know the unknowable?
The discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls in 1947 was the catalyst for finally understanding the
highly imaginative and provocative Book of Revelation. The scrolls were quite literally the link
between Revelation - written circa 95 CE - and the ancient Sumerian text known as the Enuma
Elish from circa 2300 BCE, which was what Job, circa 550 BCE, was alluding to in the
quotation above.
On display in the British Museum are seven clay tablets which are probably nearly 4000 years
old. The cuneiform writing on them tells the story of creation which is popularly known as the
Enuma Elish, being the opening words in the Akkadian language meaning “When on high ....”
Discovered in the library of the Assyrian king, Ashurbanipal, in Nineveh the Enuma Elish was a
Babylonian adaptation of the original Sumerian account known as The Epic of Creation, written
at least 500 years before that. The Churchillian quote “History is written by the victors” is well
demonstrated by the Babylonian adaptation. In this, a “celestial battle” takes place where an
invader planet defeats the “watery monster”, the mother of the planet gods of the solar system,
which are represented as the celestial counterparts of the highest-ranking gods in the Sumerian
pantheon. Enlil was the highest ranking god, but three hundred years later in Babylon, followers
of Enlil’s rival for supremacy among the gods, his nephew Marduk, claimed that Marduk had
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risen to become the supreme god. To assert this claim, they rewrote the Epic of Creation making
Marduk the heroic conqueror of the “watery monster” and accordingly the supreme planet god -
the Lord of Creation, the Lord of Lords. In Babylon this version of the epic became
institutionalized as a 12-day long New Year festival play, enacted in worship of Marduk. In this
The Book of Revelation, written some 2300 years later, contains an account of a final “War in
Heaven” which is drawn from the story in the Enuma Elish called “The Celestial Battle”. In this
the invader planet, Marduk, reverts to being the villain of the piece, represented as an evil
seven-headed red dragon seeking to destroy a pregnant woman in heaven and the cult city of
The history-changing exile of the elite Jews from Jerusalem to Babylon in the 6th century BCE
brought them full circle, face-to-face with their ancient cultural heritage. They were of the
bloodline of “Abram the Hebrew” (Genesis 14:13), a Sumerian nobleman from the 21st century
BCE (Genesis 15:7; 23:6), while neo-Babylon, the city of their exile, was the successor to the
Sumerian culture in Mesopotamia. During the Exile the Biblical icon, Daniel, was one of a group
of young Jewish intellectuals who were selected by the Babylonian king, Nebuchadnezzar, to
undergo a three-year study of Babylonian culture and literature (Daniel 1: 3-6). Daniel soon
became aware that what he was studying was in fact the culture and knowledge of the Jewish
patriarch, Abraham - whose name had been changed from the Sumerian Abram (Genesis 17:5) -
and was moved to capture as much of it as he could to pass on to future generations of Jews.
Prime amongst the study material was the corrupted Enuma Elish, the foremost religious and
cultural text of the Babylonians, and The Eridu Genesis – which incorporated the epic of
creation and the account of the global flood. There was also other related scientific and
mathematical material. Daniel was greatly impressed by all these and translated them into
Hebrew. As the Jewish scriptures contained neither an account of The Creation nor the Flood,
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he wrote a version, further redacted to conform to the emerging Jewish monotheistic theology,
and appended it to the beginning of the first book of the Bible, Genesis, starting with the words:
“In the beginning ...” which mirrors the opening words and narrative of the Enuma Elish,
“When on high...” These became cultural treasures of Jewish heritage and after the return of
some of the Jews to their homeland in 538 BCE the texts were safeguarded in the library of the
Four hundred years later a dynasty of priests called the Sons of Zadok, dating back to the
inauguration of the original Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem, rebelled against the Hellenization
of Temple worship following the death of Alexander the Great. The Zadokites relocated to
Qumran, a site some 35 kilometers east of Jerusalem overlooking the Dead Sea, taking with
them for custodianship, an extensive library of all the books of the Old Testament and other
the Babylonian texts. At Qumran, shunning the Temple of Jerusalem, they established a new
spiritual centre of pure Judaism, a monastery with a library and a scriptorium where over the
next 200 years many new manuscripts were written and added to the library, all-together to
The Roman- Jewish War which erupted in 66 CE threatened the existence of the monastery
together with the irreplaceable manuscripts in its custody. The Zadokite priests, under oath to
protect the holy writings, hastily concealed them in pottery jars which they hid in inaccessible
caves in the cliffs below the monastery and fled to Pella across the Jordan River in the hills to
the northeast. In their haste, the holy scriptures (the Old Testament) had to be prioritized for
preservation and they possibly left behind in the library, the Babylonian literature which, as a
result, was destroyed by the Roman army along with the monastery.
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Before its destruction by the Romans, the monastery at Qumran with its library became a
seminary of learning for the widespread lay following of the Zadokite priests. During its latter
years it attracted several iconic students such as Jesus of Nazareth, his cousin John the Baptist,
James, the brother of Jesus and leader of the lay community called the Jerusalem Church, and
the Apostle John who, by default after the deaths of Peter and James (Galatians 2:9), became
the spiritual leader, or pillar, of the lay community. John subsequently authored the final book
of the Bible titled “Revelation to John (The Apocalypse)”. The Apostle Paul also studied here for
three years (Galatians 1:17-18). NOTE: “Damascus” in this passage is a misconstruction of the
Hebrew phrase, dama’chos, meaning “cup of blood” which has misled history and religion for
two thousand years. One of the Dead Sea Scrolls makes repeated reference to the “the Land of
Dama’chos” as being where the Zadokites and their movement, which they called “The Way”,
was located. It refers not the city of Damascus in Syria, but to the basin low lying basin east of
Jerusalem stretching about 40 kilometers northwards from the Dead Sea to the Jordan River
Valley, including Qumran and the city of Jericho, the lowest area of dry land on Earth and is
where Jesus was baptised by John the Baptist in the Jordan River. The last journey of his
lifetime was with his disciples from Galilee from where he “entered the region of Judea beyond
the Jordan” and passed through Jericho on his way “up to Jerusalem” for the last time (Matthew
19:1; 20:29; 21:1). As a zealous young man, Paul was hunting and persecuting members of “The
Way” on the road to the Land of Dama’chos (Acts 9:1). Some years later he confessed that during
this vendetta, he himself had become an adherent of “The Way” (Acts 24:14).
Jesus, John the Baptist, James, the Apostle John and Paul all studied at the Zadokite seminary
in the Land of Dama’chos for two to three years. It was here that they encountered the
Babylonian texts and, like Daniel before them, were all profoundly influenced by them, which is
evident in the preaching of Jesus, the theology of Paul and the drama of the Book of Revelation.
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Ancient civilizations were less clinical and more romantic in the way they preserved and
presented knowledge to the citizenry who were scientifically less sophisticated than we are
today. The Bible is the most enduring of these caches of knowledge and has been passed down
the generations for almost three-and-a-half thousand years where it is claimed to be the most
widely read book in the world today with 3.9 billion copies sold in the last 50 years. In Genesis,
the first book of the Bible, Planet Nine is represented in Daniel’s addendum as the creator god of
In the final book of the Bible, Planet Nine switches roles and is cast by the Apostle John as the
And a great portent appeared in heaven; behold a great red dragon with seven
heads ... Now war arose in heaven, Michael and his angels fighting against the
dragon and his angels
Revelation 12: 3, 7 written 1927 years ago
The alpha and the omega. Both passages are drawn from the same, more ancient,
Mesopotamian source and both refer to the Late Heavy Bombardment. Let me explain.
In the 4300 year old Sumerian “Epic of Creation” is preserved an account of the birth of the
Solar System, identifying all eight major planets, plus Pluto, as planet gods named, in order
from the Sun: Mummu (Mercury), Lahamu (Venus); Tiamat (Earth) and Kingu (Moon); Lahmu
(Mars); Kishar (Jupiter); Anshar (Saturn); Anu (Uranus); Ea (Neptune); and Gaga (Pluto).
It describes:
The creation of the solar system: demiurge Tiamat (proto-Earth) gave birth to them all
(the planets);
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the mingling of the waters of the Sun: They (Tiamat and the Sun) had mingled their
the orbital migrations of Kishar (Jupiter) and Anshar (Saturn) before the arrival of a
the arrival, contraflow, of the interstellar rogue planet, Marduk (Planet Nine) from “the
deep”;
Triton; Anu (Uranus) causing the radical tilting its orbit; “kissing the lips” (the rings) of
Anshar (Saturn);
There is no mention of direct interaction with Kishar (Jupiter) which suggests that it, at
The creation of eleven more, much smaller, satellites that orbited proto-Earth;
Marduk’s first encounter with Earth as it was captured into orbit by the Sun, making it
the tenth planet – until it was promoted to Planet Nine when Pluto was demoted by the
The collision with Earth as it returned, now in full orbit of the Sun;
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The concomitant death of the Moon: now Kingu he bound and reckoned him with the
Dead Gods;
The creation of the asteroid belt from the debris of Earth’s crust (her skull) from the
collision: He placed his feet on the lower parts of Tiamat and with his merciless club
smashed her skull, one half of her he set up and stretched out as the heavens, as a
screen for the skies, locking them together; as watchmen he stationed them. He bent
The re-set of Earth’s orbit as a result of the collision with Planet Nine: He severed her
arteries (orbit) and let the “North Wind” (one of Planet Nine’s seven satellites) bear her
The preservation of Earth’s water and atmosphere by its guardian, the Moon: He
stretched the skin (atmosphere) and appointed a watch (the Moon) with instructions
The Babylonian influence of the Marduk-centric Enuma Elish is indisputable in many exilic and
I consider the days of old, I remember the years of long ago. Psalm 77
(cf Job 8:8 - For inquire, I pray you, of bygone ages)
God (Marduk the rogue planet) has taken his place in the divine council; in the midst of the
gods (the planets of the solar system) he holds judgement. Psalm 82
There is none like thee among the gods (the planets), O Lord (Marduk) Psalm 86
When the waters saw thee, O God, when the waters (Tiamat the watery monster) saw thee,
they were afraid, yea, the deep trembled. Psalm 77
Thou didst divide the sea by thy might (the asteroid belt “where the waters had been”); thou
didst break the heads of the dragons on the waters (the original satellites of proto-Earth).
Thou didst crush the heads of Leviathan (Tiamat - proto-Earth). Psalm 74
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For who in the skies can be compared to the Lord (Marduk)? Who among the heavenly
beings (the planets) is like the Lord, God (Planet Nine) feared in the council of the holy
ones (the solar system), great and terrible above all that are round about him? Thou didst
crush Rahab (Tiamat) like a carcass (the collision between Planet Nine and proto-Earth)
Psalm 89
He (the Lord Marduk) is to be feared above all gods (planets); for thou, O Lord (Marduk)
art most high over all the earth; thou art exalted far above all gods. Psalm 96
These verses are in accord with the Babylonian 12-day New Year celebration worshipping
Marduk.
The mystery of how mankind’s first civilization came by this incredible knowledge over four
thousand years ago matters not in this context; what matters is that it exists, and is in total
accord with our emerging “new” scientific knowledge over the past two hundred and fifty years.
Job was a contemporary of Daniel’s. They possibly studied together in the academies of Babylon
and, like Daniel, he would thus also have studied the Enuma Elish and other Sumerian
scientific, astronomical and mathematical texts. Job was not a Jew but was a wealthy landowner
in the Land of Uz - which the Dead Sea Scrolls identify as being between the Euphrates and
Tigris Rivers, the location of Babylon. Nevertheless, the Book of Job is included in the Old
Testament of the Bible. In the text quoted above, Job is arguably referring to the ancient
Sumerian texts he and Daniel studied, written in “bygone ages” - some 1700 years before his
time. Revelation was written about 650 years after Job and Daniel, and today we are removed
Chapter 12 of Revelation is the myth of a pregnant maiden in distress in heaven fleeing from a
fierce, evil, seven-headed dragon - a re-telling of the story of Earth and Planet Nine.
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“A great portent appeared in heaven, a woman clothed with the sun, with the
moon at her feet, and on her head a crown of twelve stars; (and) she was with
child ... And another portent appeared in heaven; behold a great red dragon, with
seven heads”.
That the Sumerian creation narrative in the Enuma Elish called “the Celestial Battle” was
converted into a doomsday prophesy of the end of the world in Revelation 3000 years later is
obvious. In Revelation the drama is called “a War in Heaven”. The “woman in heaven” is clearly
a planet, indicated by her relationships to the Sun and the Moon. “Clothed with the Sun”
metaphorically describes a planet orbiting the Sun, therefore continuously bathed in its light.
“The moon at her feet” describes Tiamat’s large satellite, Kingu, orbiting at close distance
around her. “On her head, a crown of twelve stars” corresponds to the twelve satellites specified
in the Sumerian text orbiting Tiamat, chief among which was Kingu. And finally, in both the
Enuma Elish and Revelation she is described as being a child-bearer – “There was the Sun, the
first in order - their (the planets’) begetter; and demiurge Tiamat - who gave birth to them all”.
In the Mesopotamian text, the other planet in the conflict is described as an intruder from “the
deep”, or outer space - a rogue planet: “The great planet, at his appearance, dark red” - with
seven satellites. The second portent “seen” in Revelation, a great red dragon with seven heads, is
The astrophysical data relating to Earth and Planet Nine in Revelation is encrypted in this riddle:
The dragon was seized and bound for a thousand years and thrown into the
bottomless pit till the thousand years were ended. After that he must be loosed for
a little while
Revelation, Chapter 20, verses 2-3
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At first glance there appears to be a mismatch between the 1000 years in the biblical text and the
3600 years in our decryption of the riddle – which is why it’s a riddle! The key is found in earlier
passages in Revelation where vivid metaphors borrowed from the ancient Babylonian texts are
used to describe the cataclysmic collision between the two planets - the Late Heavy
Bombardment.
So here’s the solution. An analogue clock has the numbers 1 to 12 inscribed around its face. The
short hand points to one of those numbers to tell the hour. The long hand indicates how many
minutes have passed since the hour. But here we find a mismatch. When the long hand points for
example to the number 2 it actually means it is 10 minutes past the hour, but from early
childhood we have been taught the code and with just a glance we immediately know that
2 means 10. Similarly we must crack the code in Revelation to figure out what 1000 years really
means. The orbital period of one of the planets involved in the collision, referred to in Revelation
as the “woman in heaven”, is given three times – first as one thousand two hundred and sixty
days, then as forty two months and again as a time, times and half a time, that is three-and-a-half.
It is easy to see that these are three expressions of the same data -
1260 days is 42 months; 42 months equals 3-and-a-half years, so we may conclude that
a time is a year.
Planet Earth makes one orbit of the Sun in 365.25 days. We call this a year. So instead of saying
that you are 45 years old, you could say you have completed 45 orbits of the Sun!
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Similarly, one orbit of the Sun by any other planet is counted as one of its years, which will be
different in length from an Earth year. Now Earth makes 12 orbits of the Sun for every one orbit
of the giant planet Jupiter, thus 12 Earth years equal 1 year on Jupiter. This is a ratio of 12:1.
In Revelation, one orbit of the woman in heaven planet is expressed as three-and-a-half Earth
years, which is equal to one year of the woman in heaven planet, giving us the orbital
relationship between Earth and the woman planet – 3.5:1 But in describing the orbit of the
second planet in the cosmic drama, referring to it as a “great red dragon”, the orbital relationship
between it and the woman in heaven is expressed as 1000 years, meaning a thousand orbits of the
woman are equal to one orbit of the dragon. This converts back to 3500 in Earth years (1000
orbits x 3.5) which solves the riddle “The dragon was seized and bound for a thousand years”:
So there is a slight difference between the 3500 years of Revelation and the 3600 years of the
Babylonian texts. For a perfect correlation the writer of Revelation, borrowing from the ancient
writings, would have to write “and bound him for one thousand and twenty eight point five seven
years” – poetically clumsy! Also “a time, times and half a time” would have been an equally
inelegant “a time, times and point seven nine of a time”. Forty two months would have been
So the poetical 42 months in Revelation, adjusted to the accurate 43.2 months in the original
Mesopotamian texts, translates into an orbital year of 3.6 Earth years, or 1315 days for the
“woman in heaven”, which places it in the asteroid belt, and 3600 Earth years (1000 x 3.6) for
the planet named “great red dragon” which matches almost exactly the latest scientific
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The Sumerians were the predecessors of the Babylonians. The Mesopotamian texts, which the
Jewish exiles would have studied, and were protected by the Zadokites at the time of John, the
author of Revelation, dramatically describe a cataclysmic collision between two planets. The
one named Tiamat was the mother of the solar system who, in liaison with the Sun, gave birth to
the other planets by mingling their waters. In Revelation it is the portent of the woman which
appeared in heaven. The other planet is described as “The great planet, at his appearance, dark
red”. The Sumerian narrative describes this great red planet as having seven satellites, each with
its own name. There can be no doubt that this is the portent Revelation describes as the “great
The Sumerian civilization appeared rather suddenly about 5800 years ago. It is the starting
point of the civilization of mankind. Both the ancient Sumerian and the present-day Hebrew
calendars start counting time at this starting point 5783 years ago - “the year dot”. The
magnificent Sumerian empire thrived for 1738 years until it was annihilated in 2023 BCE as
The Sumerians possessed astronomical and mathematical knowledge far superior to that of later
cultures but which appears to have disappeared with the desolation of Sumer and civilized
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knowledge regressed to a more primitive level. The Sumerians had a sophisticated heliocentric
perspective of the universe whereas later civilizations such as the Egypt of Ptolomy, the Greece
of Aristotle and the Roman Empire held the geocentric view of the cosmos. Science finally
caught up with the Sumerians 3500 years later when Nicholas Copernicus published his book
“On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Bodies” in 1543 CE and re-established the heliocentric view
we hold today. The Sumerians astronomers calculated the relationships between the movements
of the Sun, Earth and Moon and were able to predict eclipses. They developed a complex
“The earth was taken to be a sphere with an equator and poles. The heavens,
too, were divided by imaginary equatorial and polar lines. The passage of
celestial bodies was related to the elliptic, the projection of the plane of Earth’s
orbit around the Sun upon the celestial sphere; the equinoxes (the points and
the times at which the Sun in its apparent annual movement north and south
crosses the celestial equator); and the solstices (the time when the Sun during
its apparent annual movement along the elliptic is at its greatest declination
north or south).”
Extract from Zecharia Sitchin: “The 12 th Planet”
It would be 3900 years later, in 1848 CE, that hundreds of thousands of cuneiform clay tablets,
discovered in the deserts of Iraq, brought back to life a scientific culture displaying a knowledge
of astronomy well in advance of modern astronomy of the day. We are only now beginning to
discover secrets of the cosmos that were known to the Sumerians over 5000 years ago.
The decimal system widely used today stems from the Latin word decimus meaning tenth. The
sexagesimal system, from sexagesimus meaning sixtieth, and also called “base-60”, originated
with the ancient Sumerians 5000 years ago and was passed down to the Babylonians. It is still
used today for measuring time – 60 minutes in an hour, 60 seconds in a minute; angles e.g. 60
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degrees, 90 degrees etc; and geographic coordinates from the 360 degrees of a circle. They were
using the theorem of Pythagoras long before Pythagoras was born, as in the 90 degree right-angle
triangle. It is more likely that Pythagoras, who was born in Greece shortly before the fall of
Babylon, learned it from the Babylonians and was the one who then taught it to the world. The
Babylonian sexagesimal system incorporated elements of the decimal system such that (6 times
10) is 60, and (6 times 60 times 10) is 3600. Sixty squared is also 3600, and 60 is one sixtieth of
They worked with advanced mathematical principles and tables such as:
Reciprocal of integers
Arithmetical and geometric progression
Squares and cubes
Square roots and cube roots
Quadratic and simultaneous equations
Calculation of interest and period for annuities
(6 to the power of 4) times (ten to the power of 4) i.e. (6^4) x (10^4) = 12,960,000
Expressed as base-60: 60^4 = 12,960,000.
A Sumerian clay tablet was discovered recently giving a calculation table of sexagesimal
[base-#60] progression to the apex number 12,960,000. Some examples:
3600 x 3600 =12,960,000
500 = 12,960,000/25920 6000 = 12,960,000/2160
1000 = 12,960,000/12960 12960= 12,960,000/1000
3600 = 12,960,000/3600 43200 = 12,960,000/300
4000 = 12,960,000/3240 216000 = 12,960,000/ 60
The apex number 12,960,000 x 300 = 3,888,000,000 or 3.9 billion,
the estimated time of the Late Heavy Bombardment – or 1,080,000 orbits of Planet Nine!
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Sumeriologist, Zecharia Sitchin, in “The Twelfth Planet”, writes that in ancient Sumer “the
number 3,600 was written as a large circle. The epithet for the planet, ‘supreme ruler’, also
meant ‘perfect circle’ or ‘completed cycle’. It also meant the number 3,600. The common
identity of the three terms - planet/orbit/3,600 – could not be a mere coincidence”. The
Sumerians named this planet of 3600 years, Nibiru, meaning “planet of the crossing”,
referencing the location where its tilted orbit cut across the planetary plane in the zone of the
In the 1st century BC, Alexander Polyhistor, commenting on the writings of the Babylonian priest
Berossus about ten rulers upon Earth before the Deluge, observed that the period covered by this
was a hundred and twenty shars. To explain, Abydenus, a disciple of Aristotle, added “Now a
Suppression by paradigm
A paradigm is a mindset about something being fact or necessary truth, endorsed by trusted
influencers and thought leaders and accepted without question, as the point of departure that
Geocentrism was the paradigm held by some of the most brilliant minds in history asserting that
the Earth is at the centre of the universe with the Sun, Moon, stars and planets all orbiting around
it. This was the predominant model of the cosmos in the civilizations that followed the sudden
earthbound observer that the earth seems to be unmoving, it feels solid, stable and stationary, and
from anywhere on Earth the Sun, Moon and the planets all appear to revolve around the Earth
once a day, and the stars appear to be fixed relative to one another on a celestial sphere rotating
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K EN W PARSONS THE SECRET OF THE M OON
once every day about an axis through the geocentric poles of Earth. We now know that any
discussion, perception or theory controlled and steered by this paradigm can never progress, for
example, to successful space travel and exploration. To achieve this ambition, as we have in only
the past century, a paradigm shift from geocentric to heliocentric was necessary, the mindset that
it is the Sun at the centre, with Earth and the other planets all revolving around it. That changes
everything.
Likewise, the mysteries of the Late Heavy Bombardment, the origins of the Moon and asteroid
belt, and the source of the Earth’s water, will remain unknowable without a shift from the current
paradigm that the Earth and Moon have always been where they are now. Until a paradigm shift
is made to one that perceives Earth and the Moon, Luna, originating independently in the zone of
the asteroid belt where there was a cataclysmic encounter with Planet Nine near 3.9 billion years
ago, these mysteries will continue to baffle brilliant minds controlled by the prevailing paradigm.
Planet Nine is the messenger that holds the key to unknowable mysteries, connecting the
beginning of civilization 5800 years ago with the present day. Planet Nine holds the secrets of
the creation of the Solar System, the birth of Earth, the origin of the Moon, the source of the Late
Heavy Bombardment, the origin of the asteroid belt, the deaths of Mars and Mercury and the
quirkiness of Venus. Let us not throw the baby out with the bathwater by disregarding this
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