SULIT

Name: ................................................

Class: ……………………………….
SMJK CHUNG LING BUTTERWORTH
( Sekolah Kluster Kecemerlangan)

SPM TRIAL EXAMINATION 2021

PHYSICS 4531/2
PAPER 2
FORM 5

2 hours and 30 minutes

_____________________________________________________________________

DO NOT OPEN UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

INFORMATION FOR STUDENT:

1. This question paper consists of three For Examiner’s Use Only
section: Section A, Section B and Section C.
2. Answer all questions. Total Marks
Section Question
3. Write your answer for Section A in the marks obtained
spaces provided. 1 8
4. Write your answer for Section B and
2 5
Section C on the paper provided by
3 6
Invigilators.
4 4
5. The diagrams in the question provided are A
5 8
not drawn to scale unless stated.
6. You may use a non-programmable scientific 6 8
calculator. 7 10
7. A list of formulae is provided on next page. 8 11
8. Attach all your answers together and hand B 9 20
in at the end of examination. C 10 20
Total

__________________________________________________________________________________

Prepared by, Checked by, Verified by,

……………….......… …………….................. ………………………

(Mr. Lim Boon Leong) (Mdm. Khu Shin Hui) (Mdm.Tan Soo Ling)

__________________________________________________________________________________

This paper consists of 20 printed pages included front page

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The following information may be useful. The symbols have their usual meaning.
1 v−u 16 l − l 0
a= Temperature,  =  100
t l100 − l 0
2 v2 = u2 + 2as 17 Heat, Q = mc
1 2 18 Heat, Q = mℓ
3 s = ut + at
2
19 PV
4 Momentum = mv = constant
T
5 F = ma 20 E = mc2
1
6 Kinetic Energy = mv2 21 v = f
2
Energy
7 Gravitational Potential Energy = mgh 22 Power, P =
Time
1
8 Elastic Potential Energy = Fx 23 1 1 1
2 = +
f u v
GMm
9 Gravitational force, F = ax
r2 24 Wavelength,  =
D
sin i
10 Gravitational acceleration, g =
GM 25 Refractive index,  =
r2 sin r
26 real depth
2
Refractive index,  =
mv apparent depth
11 Centripetal force, F = -2
r 27 g = 9.81 ms

4 2 r 3 28 c = 3 x 10 8 m s −1
12 Mass of the Earth, M =
GT 2
29 E = hf
13 Kepler’s Third Law, T  r2 3

30 E = hc/ λ
GM
14 Linear speed of satellite, v = 31 P = nhf
r
32
2GM
15 Escape velocity, v = 33
r
34

35

36
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Section A
[60 marks]
Answer all questions in this section.

1 Diagram 1 shows the Earth rotating on its own axis. Spheres P, Q and R of mass 5.0
kg each are placed at different locations on the surface of the Earth. Consider the
Earth as a perfect sphere so that the gravitational force is the same for P, Q and R.
[Mass of Earth, M = 6.0 x 1024 kg, Radius of Earth, R = 6.4 x 106 m,

G = 6.67 x 10 −11 N m² kgˉ² ]

Diagram 1

(a) Calculate the gravitational force on P, Q and R.

[2 marks]
(b) Draw on diagram 1,1 the centripetal force on P.
[1 mark]

(c) Explain why there is no centripetal force on R.

…...............................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(d) (i) Calculate the speed of P around the Earth’s axis.

[2 marks]

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(ii) Hence, find the centripetal force on P. Given the mass of P is 5.00 kg.

[2 marks]

2 Diagram 2 shows ice melting in a glass. The initial mass of the ice is 0.20 kg.

Thermometer

Ice /

Diagram 2

(a) Explain in terms of energy why the reading of the thermometer,

(i) remains constant for the first 20 minutes.

kekal malar untuk 20 minit yang pertama.

…......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) increases after 20 minutes.

…......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(b) Calculate the heat absorbed by the ice during the first 20 minutes.
[Specific latent heat of fusion of ice = 3.36 x 105 J kg-1]

[2 marks]

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(c) Which statement correctly describes the water in the glass after it is left for a few
hours. Mark ( ) in the correct box.
There is no transfer of energy between the water and the surroundings

There is no net transfer of energy between the water and the

surroundings
[1 mark]

3 Diagram 3 shows a block of concrete being lowered to the bottom of a lake. The
volume of the block is 2.5 m3 and its weight is 125 000 N. The density of the water in
the lake is 1 010 kg m–3.

Water Concrete block

Diagram 3

(a) State the SI unit for pressure.

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(b) State one factor that affects the pressure at a point below the surface of a
liquid.

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(c) (i) Calculate the weight of the water displaced by the block.

[2 marks]

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(ii) Calculate the tension, T, in the cable.

[2 marks]

4 Diagram 4.1 shows a transistor circuit for an alarm which is activated by heat.

T
1 kΩ IB 6V

Diagram4.1

(a) Name the component T.

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(b) Complete the following sentences by underlining the correct word.
When T is heated up, its resistance ( decreases / increases ).
The base current, IB ( decreases / increases ) to switch on the transistor and light
up the bulb.
. [2 marks]
(c) Give the function of resistor 1 KΩ.

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

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5 Diagram 5.1 shows a ray of light entering from air into water.
Diagram 5.2 shows a ray of light entering from air into glass.

Water Glass
.

Diagram 5.1 Diagram 5.2

(a) (i) Compare the speed of light in water with the speed of light in air.

…......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(ii) Compare the speed of light in glass with the speed of light in air.

…......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(iii) State the relationship between the speed of light in a medium and the
direction of bending of light in that medium.

…......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(iii) Name the phenomenon shown in Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2.

…......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(b) Diagram 5.3 shows a point P at the bottom of a swimming pool appears to be at
the point Q to the observer.

Observer

1.2 m
1.6 m
Q

Diagram 5.3
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(i) Complete Diagram 5.3 by drawing light rays to show how the image of
the point P is seen at Q.
[2 marks]

(ii) Calculate the refractive index of the water in the swimming pool.

[2 marks]

6 Diagram 6.1 shows the activity of a radioactive substance X and a radioactive substance
Y being measured by a Geiger-Muller tube connected to a ratemeter.

Radioactive substance X

Radioactive substance Y

Diagram 6.1

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Diagram 6.2 shows the decay curves obtained for radioactive substance X and radioactive
substance Y.

Activity / Counts per minute

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Time / minutes
Diagram 6.2

(a) What is the meaning of half-life?

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(b) Based on the decay curves in Diagram 6.2,

(i) State the half-life of radioactive substance X and radioactive substance Y.

X : .................................

Y : .................................
[2 marks]

(ii) For radioactive substance X and radioactive substance Y, what percentage

remains undecayed after 10 minutes?

X : .................................

Y : .................................
[2 marks]

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(c) Based on the answers to 6(b)(i) and 6(b)(ii), compare the decay rates of radioactive
substance X and radioactive substance Y. Hence state the relationship between
decay rate and half-life.

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………

[2 marks]

(d) Give a reason why the readings of the ratemeters did not drop to zero after
radioactive substance X and radioactive substance Y were removed.

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

7 Diagram 7 shows an electric motor lifting a 2.0 kg load. When the motor is switched on,
the load moved through a height of 1.5 m in 2.5 s with constant speed. The current flowing
in the circuit is 1.7 A and the potential difference across the motor is 10.0 V.

Motor

Axle

Diagram 7

(a) State the changes in energy that occur when the motor is switched on.

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(b) Calculate,

(i) the electrical power supplied when the motor is lifting the load.

[2 marks]

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(ii) the output power of the motor when the load moved through a height of

[2 marks]

(iii) the efficiency of the electric motor.

[2 marks]

(c) If some of the load is removed while the motor is still lifting the load, what
change is observed on the ammeter? Explain your answer.

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]

(d) Suggest one way to increase the efficiency of the motor.

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

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100

80

60

40

20

Diagram 8

(a) (i) A law states that the extension of a spring is directly proportional to the force
applied if the elastic limit of the spring is not exceeded. Name this law.

…......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(ii) On the graph in Diagram 8, mark ' X ' at the elastic limit for spring P.
[1 mark]

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(b) The spring stores energy when it is extended.

(i) Name the energy stored in the spring when it is extended.

…......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Calculate the energy stored in spring R when its extension is 8.0 cm.

[3 marks]

(c) The springs are to be used in a Newton balance to measure a maximum load of
mass 8 kg.
(i) What is the maximum weight of the load?

…......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(ii) Based on Diagram 8, choose two springs which are suitable to be used in the
Newton balance specified above.

…......................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

(iii) Which spring is the most suitable to be used in the Newton balance? Explain
your answer.

…......................................................................................................................

…......................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

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Section B

[20 marks]
Answer any one question from this section.

9 Diagram 9.1 shows the basic components and four processes in a refrigerator.

Process 4
The coolant absorbs heat from
the interior of the refrigerator
Process 1
The compressor compresses
the coolant gasses
Process 3
The coolant expands and
changes from liquid to a gas

Heat is removed and the gas

changes into a liquid

Diagram 9.1

(a) (i) Explain, using the kinetic theory, how the coolant changes from a gas to a
liquid in Process 2.
[3 marks]

(ii) Explain, in terms of latent heat, how the coolant removes heat in Process 3
and Process 4.
[2 marks]

(b) Table 9.1 and Table 9.2 show some characteristics of the coolants and the pipes
that carry the coolant in the refrigerator.

Coolant Specific latent heat of vaporization Boiling point

J kg-1 ⁰C
P 1.5 × 105 35
Q 7.6 × 105 10
R 4.5 × 105 -10
Table 9.1

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Pipe Specific heat capacity Diameter

X 220 Big
Y 350 Small
Z 180 Big
Table 9.2

Explain the suitability of each characteristic of the coolant and that of the pipe so
that the refrigerator can work efficiently.
State which coolant and which pipe should be chosen.
[10 marks]
(c) 500 g of water at 30 oC is placed in the freezer of a refrigerator.
[Specific latent heat of fusion of ice = 3.34 × 105 J kg–1,

Specific heat capacity of water = 4 200 J kg–1 oC–1]

(i) Explain the meaning “specific heat capacity of water is 4 200 J kg–1 oC–1”
[1 mark]
(ii) Calculate the heat removed when the water is cooled to 0 oC.
[2 marks]
(iii) Calculate the heat removed when the water at 0 oC is frozen into ice at 0 oC.
[2 marks]

10 (a) Diagram 10.1 shows a magnet being used to induce a current in a coil.

X N Magnet moved towards coil

G
Diagram 10.1
(i) State Lenz's law.
[1 mark]
(ii) Explain how current is induced in the coil. State the pole at X.
[4 marks]

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(b) Diagram 10.2 shows an alternating current generator which will be used to supply
a large direct current to an electrical component R.

Rotation

Rectification circuit
R

Diagram 10.2

Table 10.1 shows the characteristics of four alternating current generators, W, X,

Y and Z.

Generator Number of turns of coil Strength of magnets

W 6 000 High

X 10 000 Medium

Y 9 000 High

Z 5000 Medium
Table 10.1

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Table 10.2 shows the characteristics of four rectification circuits, A, B, C and D to

be used with one of the generators.

Rectification Arrangement of components Capacitance of C

circuit

One diode

A C Large
R

One diode

B C Small
R

Four diodes

Large
C
C R

Four diodes

D Small
C R

Table 10.2

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You are asked to investigate the characteristics of the four generators shown in
Table 10.1 and the four rectification circuits shown in Table 10.2.
Study the specifications of all the four generators and four rectification circuits from
the following aspects:
– Number of turns of coil in the generator
– Strength of the magnets in the generator
– Arrangement of components in the rectification circuit – Capacitance of the
capacitor in the rectification circuit.
Explain the suitability of the aspects.
State the most suitable generator and the most suitable rectification circuit to be
used.
[10 marks]
(c) Diagram 10.3 shows a transformer with a bulb at its output terminals. The bulb
lights up at normal brightness.

IP =0.125 A

240 V 12 V24W

NP NS =150

Diagram 10.3

(i) State the type of transformer.

[1 mark]
(ii) Determine the value of NP.
[2 marks]
(iii) Calculate the efficiency of the transformer.
[2 marks]

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Section C
[20 marks]
Answer all question from this section.

11 Diagram 11.1 shows a stationary pistol on a smooth surface.

Diagram 11.2 shows the pistol and bullet after the pistol has been fired by remote
control.

Stationary pistol

Diagram 11.1

Pistol recoils at lower Bullet moves at high speed

speed

Diagram 11.2

(a) (i) What is the meaning of momentum?

[1 mark]

(ii) State the total momentum of the pistol and bullet in Diagram 11.1
Using Diagram 11.1 and Diagram 11.2, compare the total momentum before
and after the bullet is fired.
Using Diagram 11.2, compare the magnitude and direction of the
momentum of the bullet and pistol.
Name the physics principle that can be applied to the motion of the bullet
and pistol.
[5 marks]

(b) Describe, in terms of momentum, the propulsion of a rocket engine.

[4 marks]

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(c) Diagram 11.3 shows the structure of a jet engine for a small jet plane.
Combustion chamber

Compression blades
Turbine blades

Nozzle

Fuel injector

Diagram 11.3

You are required to give some suggestions to improve the design of the jet engine
so that it can be used on a larger jet plane that travels at a higher speed. Using the
knowledge on forces and motion and the properties of materials, explain the
suggestions based on the aspects labelled on Diagram 11.3
[10 marks]

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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