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    Laboratory 1 GENETICS

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    Rica Mae Garcia Obero
    This document contains information about a laboratory activity on the physical basis of inheritance. It begins with background information on cells, including that all living organisms are made of cells, and that cells are the basic unit of structure and function. It describes the two main types of cells - prokaryotic and eukaryotic - noting their differences in membrane-bound structures and chromosome composition. The document then focuses on eukaryotic cell structure, describing the main parts of a cell including the cell membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm. It provides an exercise outline to identify organelle structures in plant and animal cells under a microscope.

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    Laboratory 1 GENETICS

    Uploaded by

    Rica Mae Garcia Obero
    24 views4 pages
    This document contains information about a laboratory activity on the physical basis of inheritance. It begins with background information on cells, including that all living organisms are made of cells, and that cells are the basic unit of structure and function. It describes the two main types of cells - prokaryotic and eukaryotic - noting their differences in membrane-bound structures and chromosome composition. The document then focuses on eukaryotic cell structure, describing the main parts of a cell including the cell membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm. It provides an exercise outline to identify organelle structures in plant and animal cells under a microscope.

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    Laboratory-1-GENETICS

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    This document contains information about a laboratory activity on the physical basis of inheritance. It begins with background information on cells, including that all living organisms are made of cells, and that cells are the basic unit of structure and function. It describes the two main types of cells - prokaryotic and eukaryotic - noting their differences in membrane-bound structures and chromosome composition. The document then focuses on eukaryotic cell structure, describing the main parts of a cell including the cell membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm. It provides an exercise outline to identify organelle structures in plant and animal cells under a microscope.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    24 views4 pages

    Laboratory 1 GENETICS

    Uploaded by

    Rica Mae Garcia Obero
    This document contains information about a laboratory activity on the physical basis of inheritance. It begins with background information on cells, including that all living organisms are made of cells, and that cells are the basic unit of structure and function. It describes the two main types of cells - prokaryotic and eukaryotic - noting their differences in membrane-bound structures and chromosome composition. The document then focuses on eukaryotic cell structure, describing the main parts of a cell including the cell membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm. It provides an exercise outline to identify organelle structures in plant and animal cells under a microscope.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    Republic of the Philippines

    CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE


    San Jose, Pili, Camarines Sur 4418
    Website: www.cbsua.edu.ph
    Email Address: op@cbsua.edu.ph
    Trunkline: (054) 871-5531-33 local 101

    Name: ____________________________ Date: ________________

    Course and Section: __________________ Score: _______________

    LABORATORY ACTIVITY #1

    THE PHYSICAL BASIS OF INHERITANCE

    All living organisms are composed of one or more cells. A single-celled


    organism is called a unicellular organism; and a multi-celled organism, a multicellular
    organism.
    Among living organisms, the cell is considered as the basic unit of structure
    and function because all the characteristics and processes associated with life, like
    growth and reproduction, are first encountered and manifested at the cellular level of
    biological organization.
    Based on the structure, there are two fundamental types of cells, namely
    prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Two main differences between two types of cells
    are the following:
    1. Other than the cell membrane, prokaryotic cells do not have membrane-
    bounded structures which eukaryotic cells generally have.
    2. The chromosomes of prokaryotic cells are chemically composed of DNA
    only (naked DNA), unlike the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells which are
    chemically composed of DNA and proteins.
    Bacteria and blue algae have the prokaryotic type of cell, whereas all other
    living organisms have the eukaryotic type of cell.
    Structure of Eukaryotic Cells
    A cell consists of three parts: the cell membrane, the nucleus, and, between
    the two, the cytoplasm. Plant and animal cells have many of the same organelles.
    But in some cases, the organelles in cells are different. For example, in plant cells,
    there are more types of organelles than are found in animal cells. And fungal cells
    have organelles not found in any other cell type.
    Exercise 1
    CELL
    I. OBJECTIVE
    - to be able to identify the different parts of cell that is visible under
    microscope.
    - to be able to know the functions of each organelle of the cell.
    II. MATERIALS
    Compound microscope, glass sides, cover slip, distilled water, methylene blue,
    toothpick and blade, pencil eraser. If prepared slide is available much better. 1
    prepared slide of onion for plant cell and 1 prepared slide of cheek skin for animal
    cell.
    III. PROCEDURES
    A. Plant Cell
    1. Carefully peel off a portion of the outmost layers of the cells (epidermis) of
    the fleshy leaf base of an onion bulb. Prepare a temporary mount of the
    specimen with methylene blue solution.
    2. Examine under LPO and HPO. Under LPO draw several cell to show the
    general arrangement of the cells.
    3. Under HPO, draw a cell and label the following parts that is visible.
    B. Animal Cell
    1. Scrape gently the inside of one’s own cheek by using the flattened end of
    the toothpick.
    2. Swirl the scaping in a drip of water on a slide before placing a cover slip.
    3. Examine the preparation under the LPO of the compound microscope.
    4. Draw and label the parts
    IV. DRAWING

    A. Plant Cell

    B. Animal Cell
    V. QUESTION

    1. What are the different parts of the cell and give their functions?

    2, What are the difference between plant cell and animal cell?

    CHARACTERISTICS PLANT CELL ANIMAL CELL

    Cell shape

    Cell’s outer covering

    Size of the vacuole

    Chloroplast

    centrioles

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