Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION IV-A CALABARZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF QUEZON
QUEZON NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
M.L. TAGARAO STREET, IBABANG IYAM, LUCENA CITY

HUMSS 11 - PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE

First Semester/ Second Quarter
MODULE 12
MODULE 12: Citizenship
WEEK 7 Citizenship
(Week 7)

LEARNING COMPETENCY
It enables the student to explain the importance of active citizenship.

CONCEPT NOTE
What is CITIZENSHIP? countries have applied for naturalization
- Citizenship is a in accordance with law in a certain state
membership in a in order to become a citizen of that
political community country.
which is personal and
more or less permanent in character. Citizenship by Birth
There are 2 general principles applicable to this
There are basically two types of person living mode. They are:
within the jurisdiction of the republic of the
Philippines: 1. JUS SANGUINIS- literally means “law of
1) Citizens blood”.
2) Aliens 2. JUS SOLI- literally means “law of the soil”.
(place of
Aliens are people who live birth)
within the territory of the Philippines
but owe permanent allegiance to a
country. They are not entitled to vote
or to run for elections, they have
limited capabilities, and they cannot
engage in professions like law and medicine,
amongst others restriction. But the state provides Distinction between natural-born citizen and
them protection by extending civil rights naturalized Citizen.
guaranteed by the constitution, provide that they
also obey the laws of the land and pay taxes. - A natural-born citizen is one who is
(Ramirez 1969) already a citizen of the state at the time
of birth. He does not perform an act to
Who are the Citizens of the Philippines? acquire or perfect his citizenship.
Section 1, Article IV of the 1987 Philippine - A naturalized citizen is one who is a
Constitution identified the citizens of the citizen of one country and who through
Philippines as: an intervening act which is
naturalization, becomes a citizen of
1. Those who are citizens of the Philippines at another country.
the time of the adoption of this Constitution;
2. Those whose fathers and mothers are citizens Loss and Reacquisition of Philippine
of the Philippines; Citizenship
3. Those born before January 17, 1973, of (Sec. 3, Article IV of the Philippine Constitution
Filipino mothers, who elect Philippine
citizenship upon reaching the age of majority a. Expatriation- an act when a citizen gives up
which is 21 years old; and or loses his citizenship
4. Those who are naturalized in accordance with a. Repatriation- an act of reacquiring or
law. returning to one’s original citizenship (Nebres,
2007)
There are two kinds of citizen based on the
manner by which citizenship is acquired REMEMBER: A Filipino citizen who marrieds
1. Natural-born Citizen an alien or foreigner retains his/her Filipino
2. Naturalized Citizen Citizenship unless circumstances will prove that
he/she renounces his/her Filipino citizenship.
Who are the Natural-Born Citizens?
- Natural-born citizens are those who are *While aliens have limited rights, a citizen of a
citizens of the Philippines from birth country enjoys all rights and privileges under
without having to perform any act to the law. One of the important rights enjoyed by
acquire or perfect their citizenship (Sec. the citizens is the right of suffrage or the right to
2, Article IV) vote and run for elections (provided that the
citizens is qualified to participate in the elections
Modes of acquiring citizenship provided by law)
By birth
Other rights are incorporated in other laws but
By naturalization for the purpose of this discussion, this leson will
refer to constitution.
What is NATURALIZATION?
- It is a legal process which those persons
who are formerly citizens of other
The 1987 Constitution of the Philippines notwithstanding the absence of the accused provided that he has been
duly notified and his failure to appear is unjustifiable.
provide some rights especially the Bill of Rights
stated in Article 3. Section 15. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be
suspended except in cases of invasion or rebellion when the public
safety requires it.
BILL OF RIGHTS

Section 16. All persons shall have the right to a speedy disposition of
Section 1. No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property their cases before all judicial, quasi-judicial, or administrative bodies.
without due process of law, nor shall any person be denied the equal
protection of the laws.
Section 17. No person shall be compelled to be a witness against
himself.
Section 2. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses,
papers, and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures of
whatever nature and for any purpose shall be inviolable, and no search Section 18. (1) No person shall be detained solely by reason of his
warrant or warrant of arrest shall issue except upon probable cause to political beliefs and aspirations.
be determined personally by the judge after examination under oath or
affirmation of the complainant and the witnesses he may produce, and (2) No involuntary servitude in any form shall exist except as a
particularly describing the place to be searched and the persons or punishment for a crime whereof the party shall have been duly
things to be seized. convicted.

Section 3. (1) The privacy of communication and correspondence Section 19. (1) Excessive fines shall not be imposed, nor cruel,
shall be inviolable except upon lawful order of the court, or when degrading or inhuman punishment inflicted. Neither shall the death
public safety or order requires otherwise, as prescribed by law. penalty be imposed, unless, for compelling reasons involving heinous
crimes, the Congress hereafter provides for it. Any death penalty
(2) Any evidence obtained in violation of this or the preceding section already imposed shall be reduced to reclusion perpetua.
shall be inadmissible for any purpose in any proceeding.
(2) The employment of physical, psychological, or degrading
Section 4. No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech, of punishment against any prisoner or detainee or the use of substandard
expression, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to or inadequate penal facilities under subhuman conditions shall be
assemble and petition the government for redress of grievances. dealt with by law.

Section 5. No law shall be made respecting an establishment of Section 20. No person shall be imprisoned for debt or non-payment of
religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof. The free exercise and a poll tax.
enjoyment of religious profession and worship, without discrimination
or preference, shall forever be allowed. No religious test shall be Section 21. No person shall be twice put in jeopardy of punishment
required for the exercise of civil or political rights. for the same offense. If an act is punished by a law and an
ordinance, conviction or acquittal under either shall constitute a bar
Section 6. The liberty of abode and of changing the to another prosecution for the same act.
same within the limits prescribed by law shall not be
impaired except upon lawful order of the court. Section 22. No ex post facto law or bill of attainder shall be
Neither shall the right to travel be impaired except in enacted.
the interest of national security, public safety, or
public health, as may be provided by law.
Another general law of the country is the Civil
Section 7. The right of the people to information on matters of public Code of the Philippines. For the purpose of this
concern shall be recognized. Access to official records, and to lesson, we will efere to the
documents and papers pertaining to official acts, transactions, or
decisions, as well as to government research data used as basis for Preliminary Title Part the
policy development, shall be afforded the citizen, subject to such Civil Code.
limitations as may be provided by law.
PRELIMINARY TITLE
Section 8. The right of the people, including those employed in the CHAPTER 1
public and private sectors, to form unions, associations, or societies Effect and Application of Laws
for purposes not contrary to law shall not be abridged. ARTICLE 3. Ignorance of the law excuses no one from compliance
therewith. (2)
Section 9. Private property shall not be taken for public use without
just compensation. ARTICLE 4. Laws shall have no retroactive effect, unless the contrary
is provided. (3)
Section 10. No law impairing the obligation of contracts shall be
passed. ARTICLE 9. No judge or court shall decline to render judgment by
reason of the silence, obscurity or insufficiency of the laws. (6)
Section 11. Free access to the courts and quasi-judicial bodies and
adequate legal assistance shall not be denied to any person by reason ARTICLE 11. Customs which are contrary to law, public order or
of poverty. public policy shall not be countenanced. (n)

Section 12. (1) Any person under investigation for the commission of ARTICLE 15. Laws relating to family rights and duties, or to the
an offense shall have the right to be informed of his right to remain status, condition and legal capacity of persons are binding upon
silent and to have competent and independent counsel preferably of citizens of the Philippines, even though living abroad. (9a)
his own choice. If the person cannot afford the services of counsel, he
must be provided with one. These rights cannot be waived except in
ARTICLE 16. Real property as well as personal property is subject to
writing and in the presence of counsel.
the law of the country where it is situated.

(2) No torture, force, violence, threat, intimidation, or any other means CHAPTER 2
which vitiate the free will shall be used against him. Secret detention Human Relations (n)
places, solitary, incommunicado, or other similar forms of detention ARTICLE 19. Every person must, in the exercise of his rights and in
are prohibited. the performance of his duties, act with justice, give everyone his due,
and observe honesty and good faith.
(3) Any confession or admission obtained in violation of this or
Section 17 hereof shall be inadmissible in evidence against him. ARTICLE 20. Every person who, contrary to law, wilfully or
negligently causes damage to another, shall indemnify the latter for
the same.
(4) The law shall provide for penal and civil sanctions for violations of
this section as well as compensation to and rehabilitation of victims of
torture or similar practices, and their families. ARTICLE 21. Any person who wilfully causes loss or injury to
another in a manner that is contrary to morals, good customs or public
policy shall compensate the latter for the damage.
Section 13. All persons, except those charged with offenses
punishable by reclusion perpetua when evidence of guilt is strong,
shall, before conviction, be bailable by sufficient sureties, or be ARTICLE 22. Every person who through an act of performance by
released on recognizance as may be provided by law. The right to bail another, or any other means, acquires or comes into possession of
shall not be impaired even when the privilege of the writ of habeas something at the expense of the latter without just or legal ground,
corpus is suspended. Excessive bail shall not be required. shall return the same to him.

Section 14. (1) No person shall be held to answer for a criminal ARTICLE 23. Even when an act or event causing damage to another’s
offense without due process of law. property was not due to the fault or negligence of the defendant, the
latter shall be liable for indemnity if through the act or event he was
benefited.
(2) In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall be presumed
innocent until the contrary is proved, and shall enjoy the right to be
heard by himself and counsel, to be informed of the nature and cause ARTICLE 26. Every person shall respect the dignity, personality,
of the accusation against him, to have a speedy, impartial, and public privacy and peace of mind of his neighbors and other persons. The
trial, to meet the witnesses face to face, and to have compulsory following and similar acts, though they may not constitute a criminal
process to secure the attendance of witnesses and the production of offense, shall produce a cause of action for damages, prevention and
evidence in his behalf. However, after arraignment, trial may proceed other relief:
(1) Prying into the privacy of another’s residence; Books:
 Pawilen, R.A. (2017). Philippine Politics
(2) Meddling with or disturbing the private life or family relations of
another; dumrrI
and Goivernance. Rex Bookstore Inc.
Internet:
(3) Intriguing to cause another to be alienated from his friends;  https://www.slideshare.net/aybipolidario/
citizenship-180032519
(4) Vexing or humiliating another on account of his religious beliefs, Laws:
lowly station in life, place of birth, physical defect, or other personal
condition.
 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the
Philippines
 New Civil Code of the Philippines
REFFERENCES:

WORK SHEET HUMSS 11- Philippine Politics and Governance

First Semester/Second Quarter
Module 12 - Worksheet 1
Week 7

Name: ____________________________________________ Score: __________________

Grade and Section: __________________________________ Teacher: Carlo Troy Acelott T. Manalo

I. VOCABULARY. Give the definitions of the following. (2 pts each)

1. Citizens

2. Citizenship

3. Alien

4. Natural-born
Citizen

5. Naturalized Citizen

6. Jus Soli

7. Jus Sanguinis

8. Expatriation

9. Repatriation

10. Rights

II. THE FAVORITES. Based on the rights that you have learned in this module. List down
your (3) three favorite Rights of A citizen and give your thoughts about these rights. (10
pts each)

Rights Your Thoughts

III. ESSAY. Give your thoughts on the certain issues in the Philippines. Answer the question in
clear, concrete and concise manner. (5 pts each)

Death penalty

Extra-judicial killings
Children’s rights

Sexual and reproductive rights

Rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual,

transgender, and intersex (LGBTI) people

PREPARED BY: CARLO TROY ACELOTT T. MANALO

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