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    Granite Greisen & VMS Mineralization - 14112014

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    Schorl, also known as black tourmaline, is summarized as follows: 1. Schorl is a translucent to opaque black or charcoal-gray mineral variety belonging to the tourmaline group. 2. It was first identified in the early 1500s by a German physician based on its description in mining literature. 3. Schorl crystals are trigonal with parallel elongated and striated habit, commonly terminating asymmetrically. It has a hardness of 7.0-7.5 and is brittle with an irregular fracture.

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    Granite Greisen & VMS Mineralization - 14112014

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    LIA
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    Schorl, also known as black tourmaline, is summarized as follows: 1. Schorl is a translucent to opaque black or charcoal-gray mineral variety belonging to the tourmaline group. 2. It was first identified in the early 1500s by a German physician based on its description in mining literature. 3. Schorl crystals are trigonal with parallel elongated and striated habit, commonly terminating asymmetrically. It has a hardness of 7.0-7.5 and is brittle with an irregular fracture.

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    Granite Greisen & VMS Mineralization_14112014

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    Schorl, also known as black tourmaline, is summarized as follows: 1. Schorl is a translucent to opaque black or charcoal-gray mineral variety belonging to the tourmaline group. 2. It was first identified in the early 1500s by a German physician based on its description in mining literature. 3. Schorl crystals are trigonal with parallel elongated and striated habit, commonly terminating asymmetrically. It has a hardness of 7.0-7.5 and is brittle with an irregular fracture.

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    25 views59 pages

    Granite Greisen & VMS Mineralization - 14112014

    Uploaded by

    LIA
    Schorl, also known as black tourmaline, is summarized as follows: 1. Schorl is a translucent to opaque black or charcoal-gray mineral variety belonging to the tourmaline group. 2. It was first identified in the early 1500s by a German physician based on its description in mining literature. 3. Schorl crystals are trigonal with parallel elongated and striated habit, commonly terminating asymmetrically. It has a hardness of 7.0-7.5 and is brittle with an irregular fracture.

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    S-type Granite

    S-typeGranite

    I-type Granite
    Source: Brazil, England (Cornwall), Germany
    (Saxony), Namibia, Pakistan, USA

    The semi-precious gemstone known as "schorl" (aks


    schšrle, schurel, schŸrl, schurl German, afrisite
    Spanish) is a translucent to opaque mineral variety that
    belongs to the tourmaline group of minerals. Schorl is
    typically black or charcoal-gray in color.

    The mineral was first identified in the early 1500s, by a German physician
    named Ulrich RŸlein von Calw (1465-1523) of Freiberg, who wrote about
    schŸrl in his book on mining entitled BergbŸchlein [2]. It was also mentioned
    in the book Sarepta oder Bergpostill, written in 1562 by a German minister
    named Johannes Mathesius, who lived in the mining town of J‡chymov, in
    the St. Joachim's valley.
    Crystal System trigonal
    Crystal Habit parallel elongated, striated - asymmetrically terminated
    Specific gravity (SG) 3.03 - 3.25
    Mohs Hardness Scale 7.0 to 7.5
    Toughness fair, brittle
    Fracture irregular, uneven, small conchoidal
    Cleavage indistinct, poor
    Streak gray
    Chemical Composition NaFe2+3Al6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4

    Optical Properties double refractive, uniaxial negative


    Refractive Index 1.61- 1.65
    Birefringence -0.018 to -0.040
    Pleochroism moderate to strong
    Surface Luster vitreous to resinous
    Diaphaneity translucent to opaque
    Gem Color black, bluish-black, brownish-black, charcoal gray
    Chemical and boron isotopic variations of tourmaline in the Hnilec granite-related hydrothermal syst
    Constraints on magmatic and metamorphic fluid evolution
    •Shao-Yong Jianga, Martin Radvanecb, Eizo Nakamurac, Martin Palmerd, Katsura Kobayashic, Hai-Xiang Zh
    •Kui-Dong Zhaoa
    •a State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research, Department of Earth Sciences, Nanjing University, N
    PR China
    •b Dionýz Štúr Institute of Geology, Geological Survey of Slovak Republic, Spišská Nová Ves, Slovakia
    •c The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Study of the Earth
    Okayama University at Misasa, Tottori-ken 682-0193, Japan
    •d School of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Southampton, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH
    •Received 30 August 2007. Accepted 22 April 2008. Available online 3 May 2008.

    Abstract
    Multi-stage formation of tourmaline occurs in the Hnilec granite-related
    hydrothermal tin mineralisation system from the Western Carpathians,
    Slovakia. The tourmalines belong to the schorl–dravite series and have two
    major stages of formation: the majority crystallized during the first stage
    (defined as M-stage), forming zoned tourmaline crystals with the cores being
    generally more Fe, Al, and Mn rich than the rims. During the second stage
    (defined as L-stage), tourmaline formed as small veins or irregular patches
    along fractures and cracks in the M-stage tourmaline grains. In the contact
    metapelites near the granite body, the L-stage tourmalines are more Mg-rich
    and Fe, Al, Mn depleted than the M-stage tourmalines. In the granites, the L-
    stage tourmalines have generally similar compositions to those of the M-
    stage tourmaline rims. The boron isotopic compositions of the M-stage
    tourmalines vary from − 10.3‰ to − 15.4‰; with no clear variation between
    the cores and the rims, however, some of the tourmaline grains from the
    contact metapelites show a slightly higher δ11B in the cores than in the rims.
    The L-stage tourmalines have lower δ11B value of − 16.0‰ to − 17.1‰. We
    suggest that these trends reflect a changing fluid source from a dominant
    magmatic–hydrothermal fluid derived from the granites to a late-stage
    metamorphic fluid derived from the regional metamorphism (chlorite and
    biotite zone) in the metapelites. The significantly higher Fe3+ in the L-stage
    than the M-stage tourmalines reflect changing redox conditions towards a
    more oxidising environment. This redox condition change may have
    important implications for the hydrothermal tin mineralisation in the area.
    TOURMALINE

    CHRYSOBERYL
    AQUAMARINE
    BERYL & MICROCLINE
    Volcanic
    Massive
    Sulfide (VMS)
    217.8 carats One of the World's
    Biggest Emeralds - Mogul
    Emerald, late 1690's. Photo
    courtesy : Christie's.
    Quartz and feldspars, Elongated microcline, Fluorite
    octahedron,
    size about 10cm. size 15,5 cm. from Zimnik quarry,
    size 5.1 cm.

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