Agriculture Action Plan TamilNadu

National Horticulture Mission Action Plan for Tamil Nadu
Prepared by Rabo India Finance Pvt. Ltd
for Ministry of Agriculture Government of India
September 2005
NHM - Action Plan for Tamil Nadu
Table of Contents
1. Introduction.3 2. Potential of Horticulture in Tamil Nadu ... 5 3. Existing and Potential Market Linkages12 Food Parks AEZs Mandis Processing units Cold storages and pack houses
4. Selection of Crops for intervention and rationale.18 5. Prioritization of crop clusters .21 6. Recommended Action Plan for 2005-06 for Tamil Nadu26 7. Summary plans for three years ..40 Annexure47
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Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Background
Rabo India was appointed by Ministry of Agriculture to review action plan submitted by the state. Ministry of Agriculture circulated operational guidelines to the States detailing Mission objectives, structure, procedures for approval and implementation, ongoing schemes, mission intervention and management and Overall targets under NHM. Based on the guidelines, states have submitted their reports.
The objective of the review is to develop a demand driven approach for horticultural products. The review included the following:
Identification of Market linkages of production areas in each of the states with o o o o o o Agri Export Zones Food Parks Existing processing facilities Terminal Markets Existing mandis Ports
Mapping of production clusters of various horticultural crops with markets Prioritization of crops and clusters Identification of quality and varietal issues as per the market needs Identify missing links between farmers and processors, traders and retailers
1.2 Methodology
Rabo discussed the initial plan with state horticulture department. It was followed by collection of data for mapping market linkages (Food Parks, AEZs, Processing facilities, pack houses, cold storages, mandis). Rabo held discussions with other stakeholders including processors with facilities in the state and traders in mandis. Rabo also used its existing databases and international network.
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1.3 1.3 Guiding Principals under NHM
The horticulture sector has contributed significantly to GDP in agriculture (28.5 per cent from 8.5 per cent area). The objective of the National Horticulture Mission is to double the horticulture production, i.e. to achieve a production of 300 million tonnes by 2011-12.
The
Mission
would
adopt
an
end-to-end
approach
covering
production,
post
harvest
management, processing and marketing to assure appropriate returns to growers/producers; promote Research and Development (R&D) of technologies for production, post-harvest management and processing in potential belts/clusters; Enhance acreage, coverage, and productivity in potential belts/clusters; Adopt a coordinated approach and promote partnership, convergence and synergy among R&D, processing and marketing agencies in public as well as private sectors, at all levels; promote, where appropriate, National Dairy Development Board model of cooperatives to ensure support and adequate returns to farmers; Facilitate capacity-building and Human Resource Development. State and sub-state level structures will be evolved, keeping in view the need for getting adequate returns for the produce of the farmers and eliminating middlemen to the extent possible.
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Chapter 2 Potential of Horticulture in Tamil Nadu

2.1 Background
Tamil Nadu state is situated at the South-eastern extremity of the Indian peninsula and comprises 30 districts (including Chennai) as shown in Exhibit 2.1
DistrictExhibit 2.1 District-wise map of Tamil Nadu
The state can be divided into seven agro climatic zones viz., Western, Southern, North Eastern, North
Western, Delta, High Rainfall, and Hilly and Tribal zones. Tamil Nadu has a rich diversity of horticultural crops viz., tropical, subtropical and temperate crops due to the presence of seven agro ecological regions each having a unique microclimate suitable for select crops. Moreover, there are areas with temperate climate (above 2000m), subtropical climate (1000 2000m), humid tropical climate (5001000m) and tropical climate (upto 500 m) thereby making it possible for the production of various horticultural crops. Nearness to the equator and the presence of long stretch of Western Ghats, discontinous Eastern Ghats and presence of hills and hillocks in the plains help moderation of climate to ensure the required temperature for growing different kinds of horticultural crops.
Agriculture contributes 12% of the State GDP, while the share of Horticulture to State GDP is estimated at 3.5%. The net sown area is 36% of the total Geographic area (National average of 46%). The Gross cropped area is 53.2 lakh ha with a cropping intensity of 119. Irrigation covers 46% of the cropped area and the remaining 54% is rainfed.
The area under Horticulture is 8.24 lakh Ha (15.5% of the total cultivable area in the State), with an annual production of 99.47 lakh tonnes.
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2.2 Production strengths of Tamil Nadu in Horticulture
Tamil Nadu accounts for nearly 6% of the area under fruits and 4% of the area under vegetables in the country. In terms of production, the States share is nearly 10% in fruits and 6% in vegetables. Tamil Nadu is also a leading state in production of flowers. The total production of horticultural crops is 99.47 Lakh ha during 2003-04 (Refer Exhibit 2.2).
Exhibit 2.2 Area, Production and Productivity of Horticultural crops Area (Lakh ha.) Crop 2001-02 Fruits Vegetables Spices Flowers Medicinal & Aromatic Plants Plantation Crops Total 2.29 2.18 1.61 0.19 0.001 2.25 8.53 2002-03 2.23 1.62 1.46 0.18 0.0008 2.28 7.77 2003-04 2.21 1.91 1.54 0.20 0.04 2.34 8.24 2001-02 43.74 57.53 6.37 1.44 0.02 8.01 117.12 2002-03 40.14 35.99 5.65 1.35 0.02 7.44 90.59 2003-04 36.09 46.73 6.93 1.62 0.08 8.02 99.47 2001-02 19.09 26.37 3.96 7.52 20.00 3.56 13.74 2002-03 17.96 22.25 3.86 7.65 20.00 3.27 11.66 2003-04 16.33 24.47 4.49 7.97 19.00 3.43 12.06 Production (Lakh MT) Productivity (MT/Ha.)
Source - Tamil Nadu state horticultural department
The state ranks first in the production of flowers and tapioca, second in the production of mango and third in the production of Sapota.
Exhibit 2.3 - Production strengths of Tamil Nadu Fruit Area (000 Ha) Total Fruit Mango Banana Sapota Vegetables Tapioca Onion Tomato 228 111 85 3 214 102 32 27 Production (000 tonnes) 4342 439 3544 72 5445 3835 282 258 Share of All India Area 6% 7% 18% 5% 4% 43% 6% 6% Prodn 10% 4% 25% 12% 6% 59% 5% 4% All India Rank Area 7 6 1 5 10 2 4 7 Prodn 3 8 2 3 5 1 5 10
Source - NHM Database 2003
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2.3 2.3 Production of various Horticultural crops
A) Fruits Mango and Banana are the leading fruit crops in Tamil Nadu accounting for over 84% of the area under fruit and over 87% of the total fruit production. Off-season production of mango and round the year production of grapes is unique to Tamil Nadu.
2.3 Exhibit 2.3 (A) Fruit (Area and Production)
Area (000 Ha) Total = 221
Production (000 Tonnes) Total = 3609
Guava, 8 Grapes, 2 Others, 19
Sapota, 5
Guava, 58 Grapes, 60 Sapota, 121 Mango, 115 Mango, 615
Others, 240
Banana, 71
Banana, 2515
2.3 (B (Main Exhibit 2.3 (B) Fruit (Main Production areas) FRUIT Banana Mango Sapota Grapes Guava Aonla MAIN PRODUCTION AREAS Thiruchirapalli, Thoothukudi, Thirunelveli, Pudukottai, Thanjavur Krishnagiri, Vellore, Dindigul, Theni, Dharmapuri, Madurai Thirunelveli, Erode, Karur Theni, Coimbatore Madurai, Dindigul, Vellore, Virudhunagar Thirunelveli, Sivagangai, Thoothukudi, Coimbatore, Dindigul, Erode
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B) Vegetables
The main vegetables grown in Tamil Nadu are Tapioca, Tomato, Onion, Brinjal and Drumstick. These account for over 85% of the total area as well as the production of vegetables.
2.3 (C Exhibit 2.3 (C) Vegetables (Area and Production)
Area (000 Ha) Total Area = 191
Production (000 Tonnes) Total Production = 4673

Cabbage, 75 Beans, 70 Bhendi, 38
Potato, 4 Bhendi, 5 Drumstick, 6 Brinjal, 9
Brinjal, 101 Onion, 211 Tomato, 225

Drumstick, 308
Onion, 23 Tapioca, 95 Tomato, 22
Others, 443 Tapioca, 3201
Others, 25
2.3 (D areas) Exhibit 2.3 (D) Vegetables (Main Production areas) VEGETABLE Tapioca Drumstick Tomato Onion Brinjal Cabbage Potato Bhendi MAIN PRODUCTION AREAS Namakkal, Salem, Dharmapuri Thoothukudi, Dindigul, Karur Coimbatore, Dharmapuri, Salem, Krishnagiri Perambalur, Thiruchirapalli, Namakkal, Dindidul Vellore, Kanchipuram, Theni, Coimbatore Nilgiris, Krishnagiri, Dindigul Nilgiris, Dindigul Kancheepuram, Vellore, Dindigul
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C) Spices The main spices grown are Chillies, Coriander, Tamarind, Turmeric and Curry leaves
2.3 (E Exhibit 2.3 (E) Spices (Area and Production)
Area (000 Ha) Total Area = 154

Cardamom, 5 Curry Leaves, 2
Production (000 tonnes) Total Production = 693
Others, 7 Turmeric, 16
Others, 12 Chillies, 40 Tamarind, 66
Coriander, 8
Chillies, 75 Tamarind, 21
Turmeric, 67 Curry Leaves, 499
Coriander, 28
2.3 (F areas) Exhibit 2.3 (F) Spices (Main Production areas) SPICES Curry Leaves Turmeric Coriander Chillies Tamarind MAIN PRODUCTION AREAS Coimbatore, Salem, Thoothukudi Erode, Coimbatore, Salem Cuddalore, Perambalur, Virudhunagar Ramanathapuram, Thoothuukudi Dindigul, Theni, Coimbatore, Madurai
C) Flowers The main flowers grown in Tamil Nadu are Jasmine, Mullai, Chrysanthemum, Marigold and Rose
2.3 (G Exhibit 2.3 (G) Flowers (Area and Production) Area (000 Ha) Total Area = 20 Production (000 tonnes) Total Production = 162
Others, 6.3 Jasmine, 7.8 Others, 44.6 Jasmine, 60.1
Rose, 10.8 Rose, 1.5 Marigold, 0.8 Mullai, 2.2 Chrysanthe mum, 1.7 Marigold, 11.9 Chrysanthe mum, 15.5
Mullai, 18.7
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Exhibit 2.3 (H) Flowers (Main production areas) 2.3 (H) production areas)
FLOWER Jasmine Mullai Marigold Rose Chrysanthemum
MAIN PRODUCTION AREAS Madurai, Thirunelveli, Erode, Dindigul Vellore, Coimbatore, Cuddalore Thiruchirapalli. Theni, Dindigul, Karur Krishnagiri, Dindigul, Dharmapuri Krishnagiri, Dharmapuri, Salem
2.4 Consumption of Horticultural products in Tamil Nadu
The consumption of Fruits and Vegetables is growing at a faster rate as compared to other food products as seen in Exhibit 2.4
1993Exhibit 2.4 - Consumption of Food Products in Tamil Nadu (Rs. Crores) at 1993-94 prices
1996 Cereals, gram Pulses Milk & milk products Edible oil Meat, egg, fish Vegetables Fruits(fresh) Fruits(dry) Sugar Salt Spices Beverage etc. FOOD TOTAL Source NSSO data 6289 1189 1561 1134 1225 1514 466 17 377 57 927 1997 16752
1997 7130 1379 2372 1240 1619 1922 719 40 514 70 1163 2453 20623
1998 6626 1453 2305 1189 1555 1921 621 21 496 62 1092 2556 19900
1999 7243 1868 2727 1379 2068 2771 1047 53 599 90 2512 3604 25962
2000 7293 1720 2728 1306 2246 2501 921 73 609 86 1465 4003 24950
2001 7259 1749 2626 1483 2268 2692 902 82 582 83 1460 4435 25622
2002 7212 1748 2880 1725 2247 2846 994 73 605 88 1493 4364 26274
CAGR (%) 2% 7% 11% 7% 11% 11% 13% 28% 8% 8% 8% 14% 8%
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2.5 SWOT analysis Horticultural Scenario in Tamil Nadu
Strengths
The state is ideally suited for exports given the strategic location of airports and sea ports Prevalence of off-season cropping (e.g. mango, grapes, etc.) is unique to Tamil Nadu. Presence of leading institutions like Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU) and other Research Institutions.
Weaknesses
There is a lack of awareness on Hi-tech horticulture / quality consciousness among growers Lack of Adherance to phyto-sanitary standards hinders acceptance in foreign markets. The presence of small land holdings hampers adoption of best practices. Lack of price discovery mechanism often leads to wide fluctuation in market prices. There is low focus on post harvest management and facilities like cold storage, pre-cooling and waxing centers, processing units etc.
State Government policies facilitate growth of the sector (TANFLORA, AEZs).
The marketing channels are not well developed
Opportunities Opportunities
Large tracts of drylands / rainfed areas / wastelands can be utilized for promotion of horticulture. There is an opportunity to set up processing industries for horticultural crops on the back of improved post harvest practices
Threats
The dwindling water resources could pose a serious issue in the coming years Non-availability of work force for agriculture during season.
There are export opportunities to the Far East which can be tapped (Tamarind, Chillies, Mango etc) There is an increasing demand in developed countries for Green foods / Organic foods.
There is a growing trend in contract farming initiatives which needs to be encouraged through supportive policies.
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Chapter 3 Existing and Potential Market Linkages

Horticultural crops being perishable in nature are subject to post harvest losses. Factors like respiration, ethylene production, evaporation, temperature and relative humidity affects the keeping quality of these products. Post harvest facilities from production linking to the market and consumption points help in the reduction of losses due to wastage. The existing market infrastructure in post harvest facilities like cold storage and the avenues for sale in terms of market and mandi linkages are discussed in detail in this chapter. Agri Export Zones (AEZs) are promoted with the objective of promoting exports of agricultural produce from selected areas of productivity prominence, while food parks provide an opportunity of increasing processing capabilities in the state. The AEZs and the Food Parks are two important linkage points which helps in absorption of Fruits and Vegetables for further value addition.
3.1 Food Parks
Indian Food Park The food park is a private sector unit situated at Palavanatham (Virudhunagar) has an area of 68 acres of land, with a pilot plant for food processing, four cold storage units and a quality control lab. The total cost of the project is Rs 11.1 Cr of which a grant of Rs 4 Crore was received from Ministry of Food Processing Industries. At present, one processing unit is operating in the Food Park. There is potential for processing of Chilli, Coriander, Turmeric and Tamarind which is yet to be exploited.
Nilakottai Food park (Dindigul Dist) - Proposed Facilities like pack house, fruits and vegetables dehydration unit and fruits and vegetables processing unit are proposed
The locations of the above mentioned food parks are shown in Exhibit 3.1
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Exhibit 3.1 Location of Food parks
3.2 AEZs
3.2.1 AEZ for Mango : Theni, Dindigul, Madurai, Virudhunagar, Tirunelveli and Kanyakumari Infrastructure facilities such as refrigeration equipment, insulated panels, washing, treatment and grading line, ripening chambers, pack house, pickle unit have been established. The current exports are 5 tonnes of processed mango and 10 tonnes of fresh mango per year
3.2.2 Cashew AEZ (proposed) : Cuddalore, Thanjavur, Pudukottai and Sivaganga In the AEZ activities like Specialized Nursery, Demonstration plot and Extension Service would be undertaken. A Cashew juice concentration unit, Cashew processing units, Cold Storage, Godown and Lab facilities will also be created
3.2.3 AEZ Cut flowers : Krishnagiri, Dharmapuri 20 cut flower units are currently operating within this AEZ with focus on fresh cut roses, gerbera, carnation etc., Approximately 50 hectares of area is under production of these cut flowers. Nearly 170 lakh stems (Rs 8.5 Cr) are produced for export and it is expected to double in the current year.
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3.2.4 AEZ for Flowers - Nilgiris An AEZ for Flowers at a cost Rs.15.89 crores has been established at the Nilgiris. Facilities such as packhouses, information centres, cold storage, model floriculture units are being set up. The current exports are 0.5 Lakh stems per year from 60 units. The estimated exports in 2005-06 is 5 Lakh stems (300 units)
The location of the various AEZs is shown in Exhibit 3.2
Exhibit 3.2 Location of various AEZs
Cashew AEZ (proposed) Mango AEZ Flowers AEZ
Farmers have organized themselves into crop based associations like Adhiaman Precision Farmers Association, Grape Growers Association, Mango Growers federation etc to take up organized cultivation and marketing of the produce. Similarly the banana growers associations (12 in Tamil Nadu) have formed a federation to link the banana production to the export market. Such farmers associations need to be supported for maximizing the productivity and ensure sanitary and phytosanitary standards. The farmer associations are planning to brand the produce as TAN
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MANGO / TAN BANANA and market the same in the domestic and international markets (on the lines of Mahagrape and Mahabanana in Maharashtra)
Issues with export from the state a) Lack of market intelligence Information of production estimates is required at a district level at a quarterly level.
b) Lack of a transparent price discovery mechanism This has been discussed in detail in Section 6.10 where three Electronic Auction markets have been proposed
c) Lack of adequate post harvest infrastructure There is a clear need to increase the focus on post harvest infrastructure, especially pack houses, cold stores, refrigerated vans and market infrastructure
3.3 Mandis
The major markets for leading horticultural crops as shown in Exhibit 3.3. These are located in the major production areas for each crop.
Exhibit 3.3 Major markets for horticulture produce
Mango, Cut flowers
Mango, Tamarind, Tapioca, Tomato Tapioca Cut flowers Turmeric Curry leaves, Cabbage, Potato Potato, Drumstick, Loose flowers, Onion Mango, Flowers, Garlic Coriander Chilli Loose flowers Chilli Cashew, Vegetables
Banana
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3.4 Processing units
61 fruit processing centres in the state are currently processing approximately 1,50,000 tonnes of fruit per annum, while 25 vegetable processing centres are processing around 20,000 tonnes of vegetables per annum. Mango is the main fruit for processing with 1,20,000 tonnes of the fruit being processed.
Jain Irrigation has established a vegetable dehydration unit at Udumulpet and is undertaking contract farming for production of white onion in about 1500 ha. Similarly Magritta Pvt Limited has established a vegetable processing unit at Nilakottai and has entered into contract arrangement with farmers. There are eleven firms growing gherkins under contract system.
There are 800 sago factories, involved in the processing of cassava tubers in the districts of Salem, Namakkal, Dharmapuri and Villupuram. Approximately 10% of the tubers are used for culinary purpose / chips making and the remaining 90% are used for sago and starch manufacture. A quantity of approximately 29 lakh tonnes of tubers are being processed currently
3.5 Cold storages and pack houses
The State has only one cold storage designated for fruits. This is located in Kancheepuram district and has a capacity of 2500 tonnes. There are about 135 cold storage units in the state with a combined capacity of 2 lakh tonnes, of which 41 cold storages are multi-purpose and have a capacity of 1.44 lakh tonns.
Under the Action plan for 2005-06, 40 Multi-purpose pack houses are proposed to be set up across 27 districts. Similarly, a total of 10 Refrigerated vans are proposed in 8 districts. proposed locations for pack houses and refrigerated vans are shown in Exhibit 3.5. The
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3.5 Exhibit 3.5 Proposed locations for pack houses and refrigerated vans
Pack Houses Refrigerated Vans
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Chapter 4 Selection of Crops for intervention and rationale

The focus crops were selected on the basis of the following parameters Market linkages (existing and potential) Production advantage potential in the domestic market Export potential
Exhibit 4.1 Market linkages and potential for potential crops Products Food Parks Mango Banana Aonla Sapota Grapes Guava Chilli Turmeric Curry leaves Coriander Tamarind Flowers Aromatic Crops Cashew AEZ/ AEZ/ Export Market Linkages Mandis Processing Units Cold Storage / Ref. vans /Pack houses Domestic Market Potential H H H M M M H H M M H H H H H H M M M M H H L M M H H H Export Potential
Focus crops for NHM
Based on the above the following crops were shortlisted as focus crops under NHM:- Mango, Banana, Aonla, Chilli, Turmeric, Flowers, Aromatic Crops, Cashew
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Exhibit 4.2 Focus crops and rationale Focus Crop Banana Share of All India Production (Rank) 25% (Rank 2) Target the export market by improving post harvest practices /thrust on tissue culture Increase focus on processing - banana powder, banana puree, banana chips, banana fibre Mango 4% (Rank 8) Increase exports (fresh and processed) link to AEZs - Leverage early season arrivals (unique to TN) - Introduce varieties such as Alphonso, Jawari and Imampasand for augmenting exports - Reduce dependence on other states for processing varieties Aonla n.a Aonla requires minimal water, ideally suited for fallow land The present production of 30000 tonnes needs to be augmented to meet the growing demand in the food, nutraceutical and ayurvedic sectors. Cashew 9 % (Rank 5) Increase domestic production (reduce dependence on imports) to cater to the increasing demand for the processing industry Link to AEZ - Processed cashew kernels have great demand in international markets Turmeric 13% (Rank 2) Improve post harvest technology and quality upgradation thereby increasing TNs share of exports to Middle East, USA, UK and Japan Consolidate presence in domestic market (linked to food park) Chilli 3% (Rank 7) Potential for export of dried chillies Potential for extraction of oleoresins and other high value derivatives from chillies. Flowers 28% (Rank 1) Increase focus on exports through high value flowers (Link to AEZ) Adopt integrated crop management / thrust on high-tech floriculture Aromatic Crops n.a Focus on select crops (lemon grass, citronella, palmarosa, geranium, patchouli etc) for export of value added products like aromatic oils Rationale
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Exhibit 4.3 Focus crops and districts Mango 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Coimbatore Erode Dindigul Karur Theni Madurai Ramanathapuram Virudhunagar Tirunelveli Thoothukudi Pudukottai Sivagangai Kancheepuram Thiruvallur Vellore Thiruvannamalai Villupuram Cuddalore Dharmapuri Krishnagiri Salem Namakkal Perambalur Tiruchirapalli Thiruvarur Nagapattinam Thanjavur Kanyakumari The Nilgiris Total 6 5 4 6 3 5 4 2 2 1 3 2 4 2 3 3 3 1 Aonla Banana Flowers Turmeric Chilli Aromatic Crops Cashew Total 3 2 6
Focus NHM Districts
As seen in Exhibit 4.3, 13 districts (out of 29) have been shortlisted for under the National Horticulture Mission based on their respective production strengths and potential for further development.
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Chapter 5 Prioritization of crop clusters

5.1 5.1 Focus Crops and Clusters
a) Mango cluster - Krishnagiri, Dharmapuri, Salem, Dindigul, Theni, Madurai
Processing Cluster 2700 Ha
Area Expansion 4500 Ha Focus varieties AEZ Alphonso, Imampasand, Jawari Processing Alphonso, Bangalora, Jawari
Rejuvenation 800 Ha INM / IPM 4500 Ha Organic 750 Ha Contract farming 1000 Ha Marketing infrastructure within cluster (proposed) o 15 Pack houses, 7 Refrigerated vans
AEZ Cluster 1800 Ha
b) Aonla cluster - Coimbatore, Madurai, Dindigul, Virudhunagar, Tirunelveli
Area expansion 3500 Ha Focus varieties - BSR 1, NA 7, Kanchan INM / IPM 3300 Ha Organic 450 Ha Contract farming 2000 Ha Marketing infrastructure within cluster (proposed) o 11 Pack houses
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c) Banana cluster - Dindigul, Theni, Tirunelveli, Tiruchirapalli
Area Expansion 675 Ha Focus varieties - Nendran, G9, Hill Banana, Robusta INM / IPM 675 Ha Organic 100 Ha Marketing infrastructure within cluster (proposed) o 9 Pack houses, 3 Refrigerated vans
d) Cashew cluster - Cuddalore, Sivagangai
Area Expansion 800 Ha Rejuvenation 200 Ha Varieties - VRI 2 AND VRI 3 INM / IPM 800 Ha Marketing infrastructure within cluster (proposed) o 2 Pack houses
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e) Flowers cluster - Dharmapuri, Krishnagiri, Coimbatore, Erode, Dindigul. Salem
Area Expansion o o Cut flowers for exports - 50 Ha Bulbous flowers - 100 Ha (Gladiolus, Tuberose) o High value loose flowers - 700 Ha (Jasmine, Marigold)
Bulbous Loose
Cut
Contract farming - 150 Ha (Loose flowers) Marketing infrastructure within cluster (proposed) o 13 pack houses, 6 Refrigerated vans, 1 Electronic Auction centre
f) Aromatic Crop cluster - Salem, Dindigul, Madurai, Tirunelveli

Lemongrass, Geranium, Rosemary
Area Expansion 150 Ha Additional production of aromatic oil 4250 kg
Palma Rosa
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g) Turmeric cluster - Erode, Dharmapuri, Salem
Area Expansion 400 Ha Varieties BSR 1, BSR 2 INM / IPM 400 Ha Organic farming 100 Ha Marketing infrastructure within cluster (proposed) o 1 Electronic Auction centre (Erode)
h) Chilli cluster - Coimbatore, Dindigul, Virudhunagar, Ramanathapuram, Sivagangai
Area Expansion 400 Ha Varieties K 1, K 2, Co 2, PMK 1 INM / IPM 400 Ha Marketing infrastructure within cluster (proposed) o 8 pack houses
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5.2 Summary of Investments required along the chain

Area Requirement Arrangement IPM of planting material (Nurseries) (Nurseries) Mango 4500 4.5 L* State Horticultural Aonla Banana 3500 675 10.5 L 18.9 L farms Dharmapuri and Hosur TC units (private) Turmeric 400 800 MT TNAU Coimbatore and Chilli 400 800 kg Periyakulam 400 --8 pack houses 400 100 -1 Electronic Auction centre (Erode) Pri Processing 70% Sec processing 20% Dry rhizome export 10% Pri Processing 50% Sec Processing 10% Exports 40% Cashew 800 1.6 Lakh State Horticultural farms Aromatic crops 150 325 kg seed, 17.5 Lakh cuttings State Horticultural farms, TNAU Coimbatore and Periyakulam Cut flowers 50 Private Nurseries ---13 pack houses, 6 Refrigerated vans, 1 Electronic Auction centre (Nilgiris) Loose flowers Bulbous flowers 100 700 450kg seed State & 18.1 Lakh Horticultural plants 120 Lakh carmius rhyzomes farms, TNAU Coimbatore and Periyakulam -----100 Processing 40% Export (Raw) 10% Domestic market 50% Processing 40% Domestic market -60% Domestic market 70% Exports 30% ----Processing - 50% Exports 50% 800 --2 pack houses Domestic market - 60% Exports 40% 3330 675 600 100 2000 -11 pack houses 9 pack houses 3 Ref. vans 4500 600 1000 15 Pack houses, 7 Ref. vans Processing 10% Domestic market -80% Exports (Raw) 10% Processing 90% Domestic market -10% Processing 10% Domestic market -80% Exports (Raw) 10% /INM (Ha) Organic (Ha) Contract farming Post harvest infrastructure within cluster Demand Expansion of planting (Ha) material
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Chapter 6 2005Recommended Action Plan for 2005-06 for Tamil Nadu

infrastructure 6.1 Plantation infrastructure and development
In order to ensure adequate quantity of planting materials, 20 Model and 20 small Nurseries (Public sector), 20 Model and 40 small nurseries (Private sector) are proposed to be set up in 2005-06. In addition rehabilitation of 4 Tissue culture units will be undertaken both in the Public and Private sector. The focus crops are indicated in Exhibit 6.1
Exhibit 6.1 Focus crops for various Nurseries and Tissue Culture units S. No Clusters Model Nursery Public 1 2 3 4 5 6 Mango Banana Aonla Cashew Spices Flowers Total 5 -4 4 4 3 20 Private 5 -4 4 4 3 20 Small Nursery Public 5 -4 4 4 3 20 Private 10 -8 8 8 6 40 Tissue Culture Units Public -3 ----3 Private -4 ----4
Infrastructure facilities like drying yard, storage units, bins, packaging units and equipment are required in order to augment the vegetable and spices seed production. Currently the seed production of vegetables and spices is being promoted in districts such as Pudukottai, Coimbatore, Theni and Nilgiris Districts. The infrastructure facilities, when provided to all such existing areas of seed production, could help enhance seed production by 30% in the first year and 40% in second year.
for The total financial assistance sought for Production and distribution of planting material and seed 2005infrastructure (all components) in 2005-06 is Rs 948 lakhs.
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6.2 Establishment of new gardens
It is proposed to undertake area expansion in 11275 Ha in 2005-06, across 8 horticultural crops in Tamil Nadu. The district wise break up is provided in Exhibit 6.2 (A) and (B). The total financial 2005assistance sought for establishment of new gardens in 2005-06 is Rs 1241 Lakhs
(A) Exhibit 6.2 (A) Summary of Area Expansion (District wise) Aromatic Mango 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Coimbatore Erode Dindigul Theni Madurai Ramanathapuram Tirunelveli Cuddalore Dharmapuri Krishnagiri Salem Tiruchirapalli Sivagangai Total Total 4500 3500 675 850 400 900 900 900 225 150 190 15 75 50 50 400 150 200 800 35 75 1000 150 600 600 600 700 700 700 250 25 600 150 150 25 Aonla 400 Banana Flowers 120 170 205 250 25 65 Turmeric Chilli 25 Crops Cashew Total 545 420 1745 1450 1325 250 1175 600 1125 1090 1025 275 250 1127 11275
Exhibit 6.2 (B) Summary of Area Expansion of Flowers (District wise) Flowers Cut 1 2 3 4 5 6 Coimbatore Erode Dindigul Dharmapuri Krishnagiri Salem Total 50 50 40 15 100 700 45 Bulbous Loose 120 170 160 150 100 Total 120 170 205 150 190 15 850
6.3 Rejuvenation and Replacement of senile plantation
Many of the fruit orchards, especially those in the traditional areas, are more than 40 years of age resulting in low productivity. These senile orchards need to be rejuvenated with latest high yielding varieties by adopting top working method. Considering the total area, 1000 Ha is proposed under rejuvenation as indicated in Exhibit 6.3. The total financial assistance sought for sought 2005Rejuvenation and Replacement of senile gardens in 2005-06 is Rs 150 Lakhs
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Exhibit 6.3 - Rejuvenation of senile plantations plantations District Mango Coimbatore Dindigul Theni Madurai Cuddalore Dharmapuri Krishnagiri Salem TOTAL 100 100 100 800 200 100 100 200 100 200 Rejuvenation (Ha) Cashew Total 100 100 200 100 200 100 100 100 1000
6.4 Creation of water resources
Over 8800 farm ponds are already in existence throughout the state, both in irrigated and rain fed areas. The water source in most districts is predominantly small reservoirs, community tanks, farm ponds with or without plastic lining. Further, micro irrigation methods are followed to economize the water use. The additional provision of community tanks and farm ponds are required in each cluster to augment the water resources so as to sustain the productivity and to enhance the area under horticulture crops. The Community ponds with Diversion Structures are designed to arrest the high velocity run off from the nearest streams. This ensures that the pond is full of water and the water is allowed to remain in the pond for a longer period so that the farmers can utilise the water collected, for irrigation at critical periods. The cost of the each structure is approximately Rs. 10 lakhs and 100 such structures are proposed for 2005-06, as shown in Exhibit 6.4. The total financial assistance sought in 2005-06 is Rs 1000 Lakhs 2005-
Exhibit 6.4 - Creation of water resources District Coimbatore Erode Dindigul Theni Madurai Ramanathapuram Tirunelveli Cuddalore Creation of water resources (Nos.) 8 8 10 10 9 4 10 4
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District Dharmapuri Krishnagiri Salem Tiruchirapalli Sivagangai TOTAL
Creation of water resources (Nos.) 9 8 9 8 3 100
6.5 Protected Cultivation
During recent years, many of the farmers are becoming entrepreneurs and venture into Green House cultivation making use of the existing schemes like TANFLORA, AEZ for Floriculture, programmes of NHB, APEDA in Hosur, Sheveroys, Nilgiris and Kodaikanal. They progressive farmers need to be supported so that they can successfully tap the export market. Hence, there is a proposal to provide nearly 55,000 sqm of Green House and 20,000 ha of Net Houses to sustain the floriculture industry in Tamil Nadu. High value flowers like rose, carnation, gerbera and anthurium, liliums shall be grown. The total financial assistance sought in 2005-06 for all 2005initiatives under protected cultivation is Rs 120.7 Lakhs (Refer Exhibit 6.5)
Exhibit 6.5 Initiatives under protected cultivation Units 1. Green House (a) Small & Marginal farmers i. Cut flowers Hi Tech ii. Cut flowers - Normal (b) Other farmers i. Cut flowers - Hi Tech ii. Cut flowers - Normal Sub Total 2. Mulching 3. Shade net (Flowers) Protected cultivation 35 20000 30000 5000 64.5 3.4 116.9 2.45 1.4 120.7 12000 8000 39 10 Rs Lakhs
6.6 Promotion of IPM /INM The field losses, due to pest, diseases and inadequate nutrient management, is estimated to be around 30 to 40%. The present mind-set of the farmers to go for independent pesticides/ fungicide application in fact aggravates the pest and disease load thereby doubling the number of
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sprays per crop. Further, residual toxic pollution occurs in the soil, water and also in horticultural produce. Hence there is an immediate need to promote INM/ IPM practices with the objective of reducing the expenses of plant protection operation, toxic load in soil and water besides ensuring food safety through toxic free horticultural produce. Hence, there is a proposal to promote 10105 INM/IPM practices in an area of 10105 Ha. The Sanitary and Phyto sanitary laboratories, leaf analysis and disease forecasting units are proposed to be located at TNAU centres (Coimbatore and Periyakulam). (Refer Exhibit 6.6 (A) and 6.6 (B)) The total financial assistance sought in 2005total 200506 for all initiatives under IPM /INM is Rs 359 Lakhs
Exhibit 6.6 A Area under INM /IPM (Ha) District Coimbatore Cuddalore Dharmapuri Dindigul Tiruchirapalli Erode Krishnagiri Madurai Ramanathapuram Salem Sivagangai Theni Thirunelveli Total 4500 600 700 830 3330 150 150 675 800 400 400 900 200 50 900 600 700 250 75 900 600 700 150 225 25 50 250 Mango Aonla 400 600 75 Banana Cashew Chilli 25 Turmeric Total 425 600 975 1475 275 250 900 1300 250 975 250 1450 980 10105
Exhibit 6.6 B Summary of initiatives under INM /IPM Units (i) Sanitary and phytosanitary (public sector- SAU's) (ii) Promotion of IPM / INM (iii) Disease forecasting units (SAU's) (iv) Bio-Control Labs - Public Sector(SAU"s) (v) Leaf / Tissue analysis lab - Public Sector (SAUs) Promotion of INM/IPM 2 40 359.1 2 160 2 units (Rs 25 lakhs / unit) 10105 2 Rs. Lakhs 50 101.1 8
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6.7 Organic Farming
Many corporate houses require a regular supply of organic foods and all the polyclinics in the major cities demand toxin free fruits and vegetables for inmates. The retailers of metropolitan cities and exporters of vegetable to the Middle East / Far East require small quantities of organic produce on a continuous basis throughout the year. Correspondingly substantial area in Erode, Thirunelvi, Sivagangai, Coimbatore and Madurai districts have been converted into organic horticultural production systems. APEDA has accredited Spices Board and OASIS, an NGO to certify the organic farms. The Tamil Nadu Agricultural University is also certifying the organic farms of small scale.
Importing regions such as the EU are insisting on adherence to Sanitary and Phyto Sanitary standards (SPS) and Traceability norms on the import of food products. The WTO also has developed norms for Good Agricultural Practices (GAP), Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) in line with EurepGap to ensure food safety. In this context, it is imperative to promote organic farming in places like Nilgiris, Sathyamangalam, Sivagangai, Tirunelveli, Theni etc., so as to enable the farmers to get certified by agencies like INDOCERT, SKAL, and IFOAM. Hence, there is a proposal there gardens, vermito provide 1400 ha of organic gardens, 42 vermi-compost units and Organic certification (cluster 2005of 50 Ha) during 2005-06. The organic producers are to be trained on GAP, SPS and traceability issues.
Currently, there is no institutional mechanism to link the production base with the retail sector. District level collection centers and retail sales centers at Urban areas are proposed to be established under Tamil Nadu Horticultural Produces Co-operative Enterprises, primarily a farmers co-operative, so that a steady flow of organic produce is ensured between the producers and consumers. This model is proposed to be implemented in two production centers during 200506 and scaled up to all major horticultural clusters in the next couple of years. The total financial 2005assistance sought in 2005-06 for all initiatives under Organic farming (all components) is Rs 157.6 157.6 Lakhs
Exhibit 6.7 (A) Summary of initiatives under Organic farming Units (I) Adoption of organic farming (ii) Vermi-compost Units (iii) Certification Sub Total 1400 Ha 42 50 Rs. Lakhs 140 12.6 5 157.6
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Exhibit 6.7 (B) Organic farming (Crop wise) - Area in Ha District Theni Dharmapuri Tiruchirapalli Erode Total 750 450 100 Mango 450 300 100 100 100 Aonla 450 Banana Turmeric Total 900 300 100 100 1400
6.8 HRD including Horticulture Institute
6.8.1 Training With the onset of WTO regime from 2005 January, horticulture production needs to be reorganized taking into account the market forces and consumer preference. The aspect of supply chain management needs to be understood by the producers, processors, marketers and retailers. Hence, there is immediate necessity to sensitize the minds of the farmers, the department officers both in the domestic management of horticultural produce as well as the export management of horticultural producers. Hence, a proposal has been made to train a total of 7345 personnel farmers) 2005 005(technical officers and farmers) during 2005-2006.
6.8.2 Information and Communication Technology The regional and district officers besides the head quarters have to be provided with computers and on-line connectivity. Hence, it is proposed to provide 42 units (computers and related accessories) @ Rs 80000 per unit.
6.8.3 Modernization of Horticulture Training Centre A mini Horticulture Training Centre was established at Thalli, Krishnagiri District during 2004 05, with the mandate of imparting training to the horticultural growers. This centre needs to be
modernized to cater the needs of growers of Horticultural crops. In Krishnagiri district, horticultural crops are grown widely in Hosur, Denkanikottai, Krishnagiri, Uttangari and Pochampalli taluks. Hosur has been declared as an AEZ for Floriculture. Mango is a predominant fruit crop in this district catering to the needs of processing industries. The Tamil Nadu Precision Farming Project is also in operation covering an area of 200 ha under Hi-tech horticultural System. Hence, modernization of a HTC at Thalli would further intensify hi-tech horticulture in Tamil Nadu.
The Horticultural Training Centre will provide required skills to all entrepreneurs desirous of setting up processing units and also link them to financial Institutions and prospective buyers.
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The developmental workers and scientists of the TNAU are required to update their knowledge on latest state-of-art technologies and get exposed to the latest trends in the International market. The Horticultural Training Centre shall organize interactive sessions of the scientists and developmental workers with International specialists and consultants. Further, training will be
organized on various courses for the interested farmers and entrepreneurs. (Refer Annexure 1 for detailed list of courses). A sum of Rs. 140.5 lakhs has been proposed to provide audio visual aids, equipments and accessories for the training centre. In addition a sum of Rs. 75 lakhs has been provided to there existing Horticulture Training Centre and to meet the expenses towards audio visual aids, equipments and accessories @ Rs.25 lakhs each. The total financial assistance sought in 2005-06 2005Lakhs. for all initiatives under HRM is Rs. 611.98 Lakhs. (Refer Exhibit 6.8)
6.8 Exhibit 6.8 Summary of initiatives under HRD Intervention Physical Target Financial Target - Rs Lakhs a) Training to Technical Officers 120 Nos (@ Rs 50000) 60
Training on Hi-tech horticulture on latest developments and communication skills to be given to Horticultural Officers, Assistant Agricultural Officers and Assistant Director of Horticulture at various state, National level institutes b) Training to Farmers i) Outside the state 1450 (@Rs 2500) 36.25
Farmers to be taken on tour cum training to various National level Research Institutes like NRC Banana, NRC Cashew, NRC Grapes, NRC Onion, HTC Pune, IIHR, IARI etc.,
ii) Inside the state
5775 (@Rs 1500)
86.63
The farmers to be taken on tour cum training to various crop specific Research Stations of Tamil Nadu Agriculture University and improved nurseries etc.,
c) Establishment of Horticulture Training Centre in Krishnagiri District
1Nos @140.5 Lakhs
140.5
A recently proposed training centre at Thali, Krishnagiri district is to be provided with various Technological equipments as follows :-
Provision of ultra modern communication hall with all equipments, devices, furniture etc Rs 30 Lakhs Computer and accessories with latest configuration (20 Nos @ Rs 1 Lakh each) Rs 20 Lakhs Ultra modern van fitted with communication devices, meeting equipments in rural areas Rs 20 Lakhs Purchase of books /CDs on latest horticulture techniques Rs 26 Lakhs Creation of green house, Glass house, Mist chamber, Conservatory etc Rs 20 Lakhs
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Intervention
Physical Target
Financial Target - Rs Lakhs
Preparation of Training materials for Trainees (2000 Nos @ Rs 200 each) Rs 4 Lakhs Cost of preparation of Training charts / Video programmes Rs 5 Lakhs Purchase of specimen, inputs, chemicals etc Rs 2 Lakhs Purchase of equipments Rs 2 Lakhs Preparation of vinyl boards, charts, photographs Rs 5.5 Lakhs Honorarium for Guest lectures Rs 6 Lakhs d) Modernisation of existing HTC at Mathavaram, Kudumianmalai and Udhagamandalam Total of Rs 25 Lakhs for each centre as follows Communication van with all equipments - Rs 10 Lakhs Purchasing / Preparation of Audio Visual aids like Photos, Charts, Board Rs 5 Lakhs Purchase of specimens (inputs) Rs 2 Lakhs Purchase of books /CDs Rs 2 Lakhs Purchase of computer related devices Rs 6 Lakhs e) Information and communication technology 42 Nos @ 0.8O lakhs 33.6 3 @ Rs 25 Lakhs 75
- Provision of e-devices and equipments including telephones for 42 offices (30 - Assistant Directors of Horticulture, 9 Deputy Director of Horticulture, 3 State Head office). - This would enable speedier networking of Regional and District Officers and the Head quarters f) Information and publicity vehicles with modern devices for communication Sub Total 611.98 30 vehicles @ 6 lakhs 180
6.9 Pollination support including bee keeping
Effective pollination is a vital factor for maximizing the productivity in horticultural crops and particularly in hybrids. Besides, bee keeping by itself is a commercial activity generating employment to self help groups and rural population. There are synergies between organic farming and bee keeping in sustaining the productivity of horticultural produce. The horticultural estates provide ample environment for such organized bee keeping in all zones of Tamil Nadu. Financial assistance of Rs 10.24 Lakhs has been sought for 1280 colonies.
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6.10 Post Harvest Management (PHM)
The total financial assistance sought in 2005-06 for all initiatives under Post Harvest Management is Rs. 2305 Lakhs as highlighted in Exhibit 6.10 (A)
6.10 Exhibit 6.10 (A) Summary of initiatives under Post Harvest Management Proposed plan Financial outlay Lakhs Rs Lakhs Pack Houses Refrigerated Vans Market intelligence Buy back intervention through Contract Farming Extension, quality awareness and market led extension activities for fresh processed products. (Project Based) Transport vehicles 15 Nos Strengthening of State Agmark Grade laboratories - 2 nos Strengthening of rural markets 20 markets Strengthening of rural market infrastructure 20 markets Electronic Auction Centres 3 Nos TOTAL 90 930 300 300 390 2305 Participation in international trade fairs 1 Nos (Flowers) Equipment for 15 District Information Centres 10 90 40 pack houses across the state 10 nos of 5MT capacity each across the state 100 Computers for networking (@ Rs 80,000 each) Training /workshops (6 Nos) 25 60 80 30
(Refer Annexure 2 for district wise break up of PHM facilities and Annexure 3-A and 3-B for strengthening of Rural markets and infrastructure
Some of the key initiatives include:a) Pack Houses and Refrigerated vans It is proposed to set up 40 multi-product pack houses (across 27 districts) and 10 Refrigerated vans /containers (across 8 districts). Of these 4 nos. of refrigerated vans (5 MT capacity each) will cater to the requirements of the Flower growers associations of The Nilgiris, Kodaikanal, Yercaud and Hosur.
b) Market Intelligence Under this, it is proposed to have 100 computers for networking (including server) at a cost of Rs. 80.00 Lakhs
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c) Buy back intervention Contract farming is being implemented at present in crops like Gherkin, Coleus, Senna, Gloriosa and Marigold. There is a growing awareness of contract farming, with specific interest in mechanisms providing linkage to insurance and also bank finance. Such system needs to be extended to other horticultural crops predominantly grown for the farmers. In recent times, new processing industries are being established to process fruits and vegetables particularly mango in Dharmapuri and Krishnagiri Districts, vegetables in Dindigul Districts and flowers in Coimbatore and Dindigul districts. The expansion of contract farming will in turn ensure better prospects for farmers and opportunities for developing the rural market. It is proposed to organize 6 large scale workshop /seminars for educating farmers about the benefits of contract farming in specific crops and establishing linkages with potential offtakers.
d) Electronic Auction centres It is proposed to set up 3 Electronic Auction centres in 2005-06. The details are as follows
Turmeric Erode District Erode district is number one in production, processing and export of turmeric powder. Nearly 90 % of the curry powder units are located in Erode district and there is equal number of business houses supplying raw turmeric to other states in India. Though there is a regulated market there is wide fluctuation in the prices (Rs. 900 to 4000/quintal), largely governed by the commission agents. Establishment of EAC will help the farming community in the long run, facilitate increase in area under turmeric and cater to the export market (link to proposed AEZ in Erode)
Horticulture Crops Dindigul District Dindigul is a key district for horticulture produce in Tamilnadu (produces mango, banana, aonla besides loose and bulbous flowers). The Oddanchatram market in Dindigul district handles 90% of the produce from neighbouring districts and acts as a sourcing hub for domestic/export markets at Cochin and Trivandrum. The current infrastructure is not adequate for systematic handling of horticultural produce. Moreover, there is no transparency in the price discovery mechanism. The establishment of EAC in Dindigul will help ensure transparency of prices to the advantage of all the players.
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Flowers Nilgiris District The Nilgiris district is endowed with climatic conditions suitable for growing cut flowers like carnation, gerbera, lilium, anthurium and bird of paradise. o o Poly greenhouses are being established from 1500 to 2500 m above MSL The carnation of the Nilgiris (best in India), is being exported to Japan commanding the premium price. o The Flower Growers Association of Nilgiris, TNAU and flower breeders of Holland are establishing an R&D and Training center as public-private partnership to facilitate exports. Currently, the flowers are being transacted through the unauthorized commission agents and traders for want of proper auction facility at Nilgiris. The establishment of EAC at Nilgiris will help ensure transparency of prices to the advantage of all the players.
6.11. Mission Management Adequate provision has been made for the management of the NHM at State level in terms of man power, infrastructure, internet, mission strengthening, hire purchase of vehicles, hardware, software, consultancy charges to TNAU at State Level and International agencies like FAO, World Bank etc.
State and district level mission structures will be established as per the norms prescribed. Infrastructure facilities for establishing the Tamil Nadu Horticultural Producers Cooperative Enterprises will be created to strengthen the production and processing and marketing of the horticultural produce. For effective functioning of the scheme, hardware, software and information vans are proposed under mission management. Computers shall be provided to all districts headquarters with internet connectivity. The programmes of the NHM of Tamil Nadu will be forward integrated with on going programmes and horizontally integrated with commodity boards, financial institutions and district administration of the State for better implementation of the mission programmes.
Tamil Nadu has 30 districts (including Chennai) and 385 blocks well provided with administrative structure to implement the programmes stipulated under NHM of the State. The district
administration will be fully supported by the development workers of the Department of
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Horticulture, Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Marketing, Seed Certification, Animal Husbandry and Sericulture. The manpower is adequate in all the Departments and the programmes of the NHM will be appropriately linked with the existing programmes so as to avoid duplication. The technical support from all 36 centres of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University and ICAR institutions available in the Tamil Nadu State shall strengthen the NHM programme. The total 2005for financial assistance sought in 2005-06 for all initiatives under Mission Management is Rs. 549.2 Lakhs
6.11 Exhibit 6.11 Summary of initiatives under Mission Management Component Financial assistance Rs. Lakhs State and District Mission structure including additional manpower & project preparation cost. State Mission structure Refer Annexure 4A for details District Mission Structure - Refer Annexure 4B for details Support to Co-Operatives for infrastructural requirement (TANHOPE) Institutional /purchase software Technical Support Group (TNAU) Preparation and presentation of the NHM project apart from extending technical support during implementation. Collaboration with international Exchange of resource persons between 50 20 of strengthening, vehicle, hire 5 centres proposed in the major horticultural districts viz., Tirunelveli, Dindigul, Tiruchirapalli, Salem and Vellore Total of 19 jeeps for 19 districts 114 20 345
hardware/
agencies like FAO, World Bank etc.
international organizations and Commisionarate of Horticulture & Plantation Crops/ TNAU
Total
549.2
6.12 6.12 Additional proposal a) Introduction of new high yielding tapioca varieties Tamil Nadu is the leading producer of tapioca in the country. In Tamil Nadu, tapioca is cultivated in an area of 95000 Ha with an annual production of 32 lakh tonnes. The average productivity is 33.7 tonnes/ha. There are 800 sago factories, involved in the processing of cassava tubers in the districts of Salem, Namakkal, Dharmapuri and Villupuram. Out of the total production, approximately 10% of the tubers are used for culinary purpose and for production of tapioca chips
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while the remaining 90% of the tubers are used for sago and starch manufacture. The annual production on sago and starch is approximately 5.8 Lakh tonnes. An area of 1000 ha has been has varieties. proposed for introducing new high yielding tapioca varieties.
b) Exotic fruits In order to meet the steady increase in the demand for exotic fruits like Mangosteen, Kiwi, Persimmon, Avocado, Strawberry, Passion fruit etc., it is proposed to undertake production of these fruits in a total of 65 Ha as follows - Mangosteen (10 ha), Kiwi (5 ha), Persimmon (10 ha), Avocado (25 ha), Strawberry (5 ha), Passion fruit (5 ha) and Macadamia (5 ha).
2005initiatives The total financial assistance sought in 2005-06 for all initiatives under Additional schemes is Rs. 119.8 Lakhs
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Chapter 7 Summary plans for three years
20052005-06 1 2 2A 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Plantation Infrastructure and Development Establishment of new gardens / Area Expansion Maintenance for the gardens developed-200506 and 2006-07 Rejuvenation / Replacement of senile orchards Creation of water resources Protected Cultivation IPM / INM Organic Farming Human Resource Management Pollination support through beekeeping Post Harvest Management Mission Management 0 150 1000 121 359 158 612 10 2305 549 120 7572 948 1241
20062006-07 1043 1886 398 195 1000 146 309 195 592 12 1270 587 160 7794
20072007-08 1118 2061 1224 225 1000 167 254 233 511 14 863 659 189 8518
Additional proposal
Establishment of new gardens
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2005-06
Sl. No.
1
2006-07
Physical Target Financial Target Rs Lakhs
2007-08
Intervention
Physical Target
Financial Target Rs Lakhs
Production of planting material a) Public Sector (i) Model Nursery (4 Ha.) (ii) Small - Nursery (1 Ha.) (iii) Rehabilitation of existing Tissue culture units (State Depts.) (iv) Rehabilitation of existing Tissue culture units including SAU's. Sub Total [b]Private Sector (I) Model Nursery (4 Ha.) (ii) Small - Nursery (iii) Rehabilitation of existing Tissue culture units Sub Total Seed Infrastructure (a) Public Sector (I) Drying platform, storage bin, packaging unit, equipment (State Dept. and SAU) Sub Total
20 20 1
360 60 8
5 5 0
360 15 0
5 5 0
360 15 0
24
452
375
375
20 40 4
180 60 16 256
30 50 2
270 75 8 353
30 50 2
270 75 8 353
16
240
21
315
26
390
240
315
390
Production of Planting Material
TOTAL
948
TOTAL
1043
TOTAL
1118
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2005-06
Sl. No.
2
2006-07
2007-08
Intervention
Physical Target
New 8000 675 8675
Establishment of Gardens (i) Fruits (Perennials)
900.00 50.63 950.63
13000 800 13800
1462.5 60 1522.5
14000 1000 15000
1575.00 75.00 1650
(ii) Fruits (Non-Perennials) Sub Total (iii) Flowers (A) Cut Flowers (a) Small & Marginal farmers (b) Other farmers (B) Bulbous Flowers (a) Small & Marginal farmers (b) Other farmers (C) Loose Flowers (a) Small & Marginal farmers (b) Other farmers Sub Total (iv) Spices Plants Sub Total (v) Plantation including horticulture Sub Total crops coastal & Aromatic
40 10 80 20 600 100 850 950 950 800
14 2.3 36 5.9 72.0 7.9 138.2 106.9 106.9 45
60 20 150 20 800 0 1050 1100 1100 800
21 4.6 67.5 5.9 96 0 195.1 123.8 123.8 45
80 30 200 30 900 0 1240 1100 1100 800
28 6.93 90 8.91 108 0 241.84 123.75 123.75 45
800
45
800
45
800
45
Establishment Gardens
2A
of
New
11275
1241
16750
1886
18140
2061
Maintenance for the gardens developed in 2005-06 and 2006-07 Fruits Perennials Fruits Non Perennials Plantation crops
360.0 20.3 18.0
1125.0 54.4 45.0
Sub Total
398
1224
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2005-06
Sl. No.
3
2006-07
Physical Target
1300
2007-08
Physical Target
1500
Intervention
Physical Target
1000

150

195

225
Rejuvenation/replacement of senile plantation. (Mango and Cashew)
Sub Total
4 Creation of water resources Community tanks or farm ponds or farm water reservoir with diversion structures - (No) with use of plastics.
1000
100
150
1000
1300
100
195
1000
1500
100
225
1000
Sub Total
5 Protected Cultivation 1. Green House (a) Small & Marginal farmers i. Cut flowers Hi Tech ii. Cut flowers - Normal (b) Other farmers i. Cut flowers - Hi Tech ii. Cut flowers - Normal
1000
1000
1000
12000 8000 30000 5000
39 10 64.5 3.4
15000 11000 35000 6000
48.8 13.8 75.3 4.0
17000 13000 40000 7000
55.25 16.25 86 4.69
Sub Total
2. Mulching 3. Shade net (Flowers) 35 20000
116.9
2.45 1.4
67000
40 25000
141.8
2.8 1.8
77000
45 30000
162.19
3.15 2.1
Protected cultivation
6 Promotion of INM/IPM (i) Sanitary and phytosanitary (public sector- SAU's)
120.7
146.3
167.44
(ii) Promotion of IPM / INM (iii) Disease forecasting units (SAU's) (iv) Bio-Control Labs - Public Sector(SAU"s) (v) Leaf / Tissue analysis lab - Public Sector (SAUs)
2 units (Rs 25 lakhs / unit) 10105 2
50
101.1 8
75
130 4
100
150 4
2 2
160 40
1 1
80 20
0 0
0 0
Promotion of INM/IPM
359.1
309.0
254.0
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2005-06
Sl. No.
7
2006-07
170 15 10
2007-08
200 18 15
Intervention
Physical Target

140 12.6 5
Organic Farming (I) Adoption of organic farming (ii) Vermi-compost Units (iii) Certification
1400 42 50
1700 50 100
2000 60 150
Sub Total
8 HRD including horticulture institute a) Training to Technical Officers b) Training to Farmers i) Outside the state ii) Inside the state c) Establishment of Horticulture Training Centre (only cost of Audio visual aids, equipments and accessories) d) Modernisation of existing HTC (only cost of audio visual aids, equipments and accessories) e) Information and communication technology-e networking of Regional and District Officers and the Head quarters f) Information and publicity vehicles
157.6
195.0
233.0
120
@ Rs 50000
60
150
@ Rs 50000
75
200
@ Rs 5000
100
1450 (@Rs
2500) 5775 (@Rs 1500)
36.3 86.6 140.5
2000
@Rs 2500
50 112.5 140.5
2500
@Rs 2500
62.5 135.0 0
7500
@Rs 1500
9000 @
Rs1500
1 Thalli, Krishnagiri 3
@ 25 lakhs Mathavaram, Kudumianmalai and Udhagamandalam
75
42
@ 0.8O lakhs
33.6
42
@ 0.8O lakhs
33.6
42
@ 0.8O lakhs
33.6
30
@ 6 lakhs
180
30
@ 6 lakhs
180
30
@ 6 lakhs
180
Sub Total
9 Pollination support through beekeeping (@ 1 colony/10 ha for perennials, 1 colony/ 5 ha for annuals) 1280
611.98
10.2 1500
591.60
12 1800
511.10
14.4
Sub Total
10.24
12.00
14.40
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2005-06
Sl. No. 10 Intervention Physical Target Harvest 40 10 100 25 60 80 Financial Target Rs Lakhs
2006-07
2007-08
Post Management a) Pack House
40 15 120
25 90 96
40 20 130
25 120 104
b) Ref Vans/ containers c) Market intelligence. Computers for networking including server. d) Buy back intervention. Training/seminar/workshop e) Establishment of marketing infrastructure to horticultural produce in Govt. /private/corporate sector. f) Extension, quality awareness and market led extension activities for fresh processed products. i. Participation in the international trade fairs to showcase the products ii. District Information Centres iii Transport vehicles iv - Strengthening of State Agmark grade laboratories v Strengthening of Rural Marketing vi Strengthening of Rural market infrastructure vii Electronic Auction Centre Sub Total
30
10
50
12
60
10
30
40
15 15 2 20 20 3 90 90 930 300 300 390
7 7 1 10 10 1 42 42 465 150 150 130
7 7 0 10 10 1 42 42 0 150 150 130
2305.0
1270.0
863.00
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2005-06
Sl. No. 11 Intervention Physical Target Financial Target Rs Lakhs 345
2006-07
Physical Target Financial Target Rs Lakhs 352
2007-08
Physical Target Financial Target Rs Lakhs 384
Mission Management (i) State & District Mission Structure including additional manpower & project preparation cost. (ii) Support to cooperatives for infrastructural requirement (TANHOPE / TANHODA) (iii) Institutional strengthening, hire / purchase of vehicle, hardware / software (iv) Technical Support Group (TNAU) (v) Collaboration with International agencies like FAO, World Bank etc. Sub Total ADDITIONAL PROPOSAL Establishment of new gardens [i] State specific a. Introduction of new high yielding tapioca crop [ii] Introduction of new crops / varieties in TN a. Fruits ADDITIONAL PROPOSAL
20
25
30
114
125
140
20 50
25 60
30 75
549.2
587.3
658.5
12
1000
112.5
1300
146.25
1500
168.75
65
7.3
100
14.175
100
20.1375
119.8
160.4
188.9
GRAND TOTAL
7572
7794
8518
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ANNEXURES
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Annexure 1 - Course details in the Horticulture Training Institute i) Courses The residential practical training courses to be offered at the Center (5 days) are as following: a. General Greenhouse Management b. Automation in Protected Cultivation c. Cultivation on Open Field - Flowers, Fillers, Greens Vegetables and Fruits d. Plant Propagation & Nursery Management e. Marketing of Horticultural Produce
ii) Crops Specific Courses a. Rose cultivation b. Gerbera and Carnation Cultivation c. Aster and Orchid Cultivation d. Cultivation of Vegetables: Capsicum, Tomato, Cole crops.
iii) Objectives of the courses a. Provide overall insight in technical aspects of growing under protected and open field cultivation. b. Provide practical / technical insight in the effects of all cultural activities throughout the production chain and gain experience in accurate monitoring methods to assess the crop development. c. Upgrade managerial and technical skills in major aspects related to modern crop, pest, water and fertilizer management strategies. d. Gain techno-commercial insight for making investment decisions in protected cultivation
Rabo India
48
Annexure 2 Detailed break up of Post Harvest facilities proposed

Buy back No District Reefer vans Pack houses houses Seminars/ Workshop (Crops) 1 2 Coimbatore Erode 1 2 2 1 (Aonla, Flowers) 1 (Aonla, Banana) 3 1 Rural market Rural Market - Infrastructure facilities 1 1 District info. info. Centres /Vehicles 1 1 1 Agmark labs. labs.
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Dindigul Karur Theni Madurai Ramanathapuram Virudhunagar Tirunelveli Thoothukudi Pudukottai Sivagangai Kancheepuram Thiruvallur Vellore Thiruvannamalai Villupuram Cuddalore Dharmapuri Krishnagiri Salem Namakkal Perambalur Tiruchirapalli Thiruvarur Nagapattinam Thanjavur Kanyakumari The Nilgiris Chennai Total
3 1
1 1
3 3 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 (Mango) 1 (Aromatic Crops) 1 1
1 1 1
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1
2 2 2 1 1 1 1
1 (Aonla, Tapioca)
1 1 1
1 1 1 2 2 (Cut flowers)
3 1
3 1
1 1
10
40
20
20
15
Rabo India
49
Annexure 3 (A) - Development /Strengthening of Rural Markets

Sl. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Market Guduvancherry Uthiramerur Sethiathoppu Thiruvidaimaruthur Poompuhar Muthupettai Pappanadu Thirubuvanam Kinathukadavu Palladam Pongalur Thrichendur Muthukulathur Musiri Palakode Marthandam Sivagangai Kunthadam Tharamangalam Omalur District Kancheepuram Kancheepuram Cuddalore Thanjavur Nagapattinam Thiruvarur Thanjavur Thanjavur Coimbatore Coimbatore Coimbatore Thoothukudi Ramanathapuram Thiruchy Dharmapuri Kanyakumari Sivagangai Erode Salem Salem
Annexure 3 (B) Development of infrastructural facilities for rural marketing

Sl.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Market Sriperumpudur Uthukottai Polur Ulundurpettai Pallikonda Thotium Athiramapattinam Vallam Papanasam Kutralam Thondamuthur Lalgudi Kaveripattinam Anthiur Thovalai Watrap Nasreth Vedasandur Senthamangalam Uthamapalayam District Kancheepuram Thiruvellore Thirvannamalai Villupuram Vellore Thiruchy Thanjavur Thanjavur Thanjavur Thirunelveli Coimbatore Thiruchy Krishnagiri Erode Kanyakumari Vridhunagar Thoothukudi Dindigul Namakkal Theni
Rabo India
50
Facilities Retail shops (Vegetables /others) 50 Nos Farmers and Traders Rest Room Canteen facilities Toilet facilities Cement concrete roads Drinking water and Sanitation Solid Waste Management Cleaning & Grading Parking facilities
Rs in Lakhs 7.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Total
15.0
Annexure 4(A) Mission Management State Mission Structure

Component detail i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. Additional Manpower (Including recruitment) Purchase of hardware / Software Networking, Internet and connected activities (including telephones) Structuring of State Missions Office (includes equipments) Hiring of technical services for providing assistance to implement the NHM programme. (This service may be private / can be hired from any place in India) Maintenance (Payment of telephone bill, electricity, rent and attending to repair work in any equipments) Data base development A separate data base for horticulture in Tamil Nadu stating all details on horticulture scheme details TOTAL 116 2.0 15.0 Rs. in lakhs 4.4 22.0 2.1 50.0 20.5
Mission Annexure 4(B) Mission Management District Mission Structure

Hiring of personnel Structuring of district mission office (including maintenance costs) Information & Training hall Rs.6 lakhs x 13 Project preparation cost (Including next year) TOTAL 109 41 78 1 229
Total Total Financial Assistance Sought State Mission Structure and District Mission Structure = Rs 345 Lakhs
Rabo India
51

Agriculture Action Plan TamilNadu

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Agriculture Action Plan TamilNadu

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National Horticulture Mission Action Plan for Tamil Nadu

Prepared by Rabo India Finance Pvt. Ltd

for Ministry of Agriculture Government of India

NHM - Action Plan for Tamil Nadu

NHM - Action Plan for Tamil Nadu

NHM - Action Plan for Tamil Nadu

1.3 1.3 Guiding Principals under NHM

NHM - Action Plan for Tamil Nadu

Chapter 2 Potential of Horticulture in Tamil Nadu

DistrictExhibit 2.1 District-wise map of Tamil Nadu

NHM - Action Plan for Tamil Nadu

2.2 Production strengths of Tamil Nadu in Horticulture

Source - Tamil Nadu state horticultural department

Source - NHM Database 2003

NHM - Action Plan for Tamil Nadu

2.3 2.3 Production of various Horticultural crops

2.3 Exhibit 2.3 (A) Fruit (Area and Production)

Area (000 Ha) Total = 221

Production (000 Tonnes) Total = 3609

Guava, 8 Grapes, 2 Others, 19

Guava, 58 Grapes, 60 Sapota, 121 Mango, 115 Mango, 615

NHM - Action Plan for Tamil Nadu

Area (000 Ha) Total Area = 191

Production (000 Tonnes) Total Production = 4673

Potato, 4 Bhendi, 5 Drumstick, 6 Brinjal, 9

Brinjal, 101 Onion, 211 Tomato, 225

Onion, 23 Tapioca, 95 Tomato, 22

Others, 443 Tapioca, 3201

NHM - Action Plan for Tamil Nadu

Area (000 Ha) Total Area = 154

Production (000 tonnes) Total Production = 693

Others, 12 Chillies, 40 Tamarind, 66

Turmeric, 67 Curry Leaves, 499

Others, 6.3 Jasmine, 7.8 Others, 44.6 Jasmine, 60.1

NHM - Action Plan for Tamil Nadu

FLOWER Jasmine Mullai Marigold Rose Chrysanthemum

2.4 Consumption of Horticultural products in Tamil Nadu

CAGR (%) 2% 7% 11% 7% 11% 11% 13% 28% 8% 8% 8% 14% 8%

NHM - Action Plan for Tamil Nadu

2.5 SWOT analysis Horticultural Scenario in Tamil Nadu

State Government policies facilitate growth of the sector (TANFLORA, AEZs).

The marketing channels are not well developed

NHM - Action Plan for Tamil Nadu

Chapter 3 Existing and Potential Market Linkages

3.1 Food Parks

NHM - Action Plan for Tamil Nadu

Exhibit 3.1 Location of Food parks

NHM - Action Plan for Tamil Nadu

The location of the various AEZs is shown in Exhibit 3.2

Exhibit 3.2 Location of various AEZs

Cashew AEZ (proposed) Mango AEZ Flowers AEZ

NHM - Action Plan for Tamil Nadu

Exhibit 3.3 Major markets for horticulture produce

Mango, Cut flowers

NHM - Action Plan for Tamil Nadu

3.4 Processing units

3.5 Cold storages and pack houses

NHM - Action Plan for Tamil Nadu

Pack Houses Refrigerated Vans

NHM - Action Plan for Tamil Nadu