Hyperchloremia is a condition defined by excessive levels of chloride in the serum. Chloride helps maintain acid-base and water balance in the body. Causes of hyperchloremia include hypernatremia, hyperparathyroidism, loss of pancreatic secretion, diabetes insipidus, and metabolic acidosis. Signs and symptoms include tachypnea, weakness, rapid breathing, hypertension, and fluid retention. Treatment involves correcting underlying causes, restoring electrolyte balance with IV fluids like lactated Ringer's solution, sodium bicarbonate to increase bicarbonate levels, and loop diuretics to eliminate excess chloride and fluid.
Hyperchloremia is a condition defined by excessive levels of chloride in the serum. Chloride helps maintain acid-base and water balance in the body. Causes of hyperchloremia include hypernatremia, hyperparathyroidism, loss of pancreatic secretion, diabetes insipidus, and metabolic acidosis. Signs and symptoms include tachypnea, weakness, rapid breathing, hypertension, and fluid retention. Treatment involves correcting underlying causes, restoring electrolyte balance with IV fluids like lactated Ringer's solution, sodium bicarbonate to increase bicarbonate levels, and loop diuretics to eliminate excess chloride and fluid.
Hyperchloremia is a condition defined by excessive levels of chloride in the serum. Chloride helps maintain acid-base and water balance in the body. Causes of hyperchloremia include hypernatremia, hyperparathyroidism, loss of pancreatic secretion, diabetes insipidus, and metabolic acidosis. Signs and symptoms include tachypnea, weakness, rapid breathing, hypertension, and fluid retention. Treatment involves correcting underlying causes, restoring electrolyte balance with IV fluids like lactated Ringer's solution, sodium bicarbonate to increase bicarbonate levels, and loop diuretics to eliminate excess chloride and fluid.
Hyperchloremia is a condition defined by excessive levels of chloride in the serum. Chloride helps maintain acid-base and water balance in the body. Causes of hyperchloremia include hypernatremia, hyperparathyroidism, loss of pancreatic secretion, diabetes insipidus, and metabolic acidosis. Signs and symptoms include tachypnea, weakness, rapid breathing, hypertension, and fluid retention. Treatment involves correcting underlying causes, restoring electrolyte balance with IV fluids like lactated Ringer's solution, sodium bicarbonate to increase bicarbonate levels, and loop diuretics to eliminate excess chloride and fluid.
Hyperchloremia Excessive serum levels of the chloride anion
Normal Chloride Levels 97-107 mg/dL Assessment
Cardiac: Pitting edema, Dyspnea, Rapid deep breathing, Pathophysiology Tachypnea, Hypertension, Signs of heart failure with pulmonary Chloride accounts for two-thirds of all serum anions. Chloride is secreted by the stomach mucosa edema Musculoskeletal: Weakness, as hydrochloric acid; it provides an acid medium that aids digestion and activation of enzymes. musculoskeletal difficulties Chloride helps maintain acid-base and body water balances. An inverse relationship exists between Neuro: Agitation chloride and bicarbonate. When the level of one goes up, the level of the other goes down.
Treatments ‣ Sodium bicarbonate I.V. ‣ I.V. fluid therapy with lactated Ringer solution ‣ Loop diuretics to address fluid overload ‣ Mineralocorticoids for aldosterone deficiency and to prevent heart failure Laboratory Findings:
‣ Chloride level (serum) is greater than 108 mEq/L.
‣ With metabolic acidosis, arterial blood gas analysis shows pH is less than 7.35, carbon dioxide level is less than 22 mEq/ L, and the anion gap is normal. ‣ Sodium level (serum) is greater than 145 mEq/L. Drugs that cause Hyperchloremia ‣ acetaZOLAMIDE ‣ ammonium chloride ‣ sodium polystyrene sulfonate INTERVENTIONS EDUCATION CAUSES ‣ salicylates ‣ Serum electrolyte levels, ‣ Avoid foods high in ‣ Hypernatremia ‣ chloride: tomato juice, ‣ triamterene especially sodium, chloride, ‣ Hyperparathyroidism ‣ bananas, dates, eggs, and potassium levels ‣ cheese, milk, salty broth, ‣ Loss of pancreatic ‣ Respiratory status ‣ canned veggies secretion ‣ Signs of metabolic alkalosis ‣ ‣ Avoid free water w/out ‣ Diabetes insipidus ‣ electrolytes if excreting ‣ Intake and output ‣ large amount of chloride ‣ Autoimmune disorders ‣ Daily weight ‣ (sweating) ‣ Metabolic acidosis ‣ Location and extent of edema ‣ Prolonged diarrhea ‣ Neurologic status ‣ Renal tubular acidosis ‣ Cardiopulmonary status, including cardiac rhythm ‣ ABG levels This study source was downloaded by 100000856977705 from CourseHero.com on 11-13-2022 02:34:40 GMT -06:00
1 https://www.coursehero.com/file/38472555/Hyperchloremiapdf/ NCLEX PRACTICE NURSE ANGIE 2018
CASE STUDY 1. Explain the medical management of Hyperchloremia.
2. Explain the signs and symptoms of Hyperchloremia
ANSWERS AND EXPECTED FINDINGS
1. Correct underlying cause. Restore electrolyte imbalances. Hypotonic IV fluids (LR), IV sodium bicarb to increase levels so as to excrete chloride (they compete for Na+ combination), diuretics to eliminate chloride. Sodium, chloride & fluids restricted
2. Same as those of metabolic acidosis - hypervolemia & hypernatremia
Tachypnea, weakness, lethargy, deep, rapid respirations, diminished cognitive ability, HTN, decreased cardiac output, dysrhythmias, and coma, fluid retention High chloride accompanied by high Na+ and fluid retention
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