SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TÂY NINH

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KỲ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI LỚP 12 THPT NĂM HỌC 2019- 2020
Ngày thi: 01 tháng 10 năm 2019
Môn thi: TIẾNG ANH – LỚP 12 THPT
Thời gian làm bài: 180 phút (không kể thời gian giao đề)

ĐIỂM HỌ TÊN VÀ CHỮ KÍ GIÁM KHẢO MÃ SỐ PHÁCH

Bằng số Bằng chữ GIÁM KHẢO 1 GIÁM KHẢO 2

I. LISTENING (50 points)

PART 1.
You will hear a radio programme about the giant panda. For questions 1-10, complete the notes with a
number, word or short phrase.
The giant panda
China estimates that the number of pandas alive outside zoos is 1. …………………………
Many panda cubs do not survive because 2. …………………………
Pandas are threatened by the destruction of 3. ………………………… and by 4. …………………………
Cloning involves:
• removing the nucleus from 5. …………………………
• replacing it with the nucleus from 6. …………………………
• implanting the embryo in 7. …………………………
In contrast to the cloning of Dolly the sheep, the Chinese plan to use an egg cell and a host mother which are
from 8. …………………………
Dolly was successfully cloned after 9. …………………………
Many people believe the money for the Chinese panda cloning project should instead be spent on 10.
…………………………
PART 2.
Questions 11-12
Choose the correct letter, A, B or C. Write your answer in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
11. Who coined the term 'superfood’?
A. consumers.
B. dieticians and researchers.
C. the marketing industry.
12. What does the speaker suggest about the language commonly associated with many superfoods?
A. It is very persuasive.
B. It is often very elaborate.
C. It tends to be incorrect.
11. 12.
Questions 13-20
Complete the sentences below.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.
A review of superfoods
13. A large proportion of the funding for superfood research is received from …………………………

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14. The ………………………… of superfood tends to be higher, simply because of the label.
15. There is uncertainty around the quantity of food one should ………………………… to derive any benefit.
16. There is a lower ………………………… of antioxidants in everyday food compared to levels tested in the
lab.
17. Consumption of dark chocolate allegedly lowers ………………………… amongst other things.
18. Eating large quantities of chocolate will result in people taking in more …………………………
and...................
19. More people are endorsing the ………………………… trend, which is a very positive development.
20. Above all, dieticians should promote a …………………………
PART 3.
You will hear a woman being interviewed about her work with homeless children. For questions 21-25,
choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which best fits according to what you hear. Write your answer in the
corresponding numbered boxes provided.
HOMELESS CHILDREN
21. Why did Sally set up SHELTER?
A. because her childhood had been wasted
B. to overcome her own resentment
C. She felt it was her duty.
D. She was forced to by circumstances.
22. After the death of her mother, her father _________
A. kept their home going.
B. stopped caring about his children.
C. couldn't deal with life.
D. gave up his job to spend time at home.
23. In comparison to her own home, Sally's foster home was _________
A. slightly better. B. worse. C. much better. D. very strict.
24. When she was fifteen, Sally met a woman who _________
A. helped her overcome her problems.
B. helped many street kids.
C. took her into her home.
D. gave her a difficult time.
25. According to Sally, the council _________
A. provided temporary accommodation for street kids.
B. helped her to keep the home running.
C. were very interested in the children's home.
D. assisted her in buying a house.
21. 22. 23. 24. 25.
II. LEXICO- GRAMMAR (20 points)
PART 1. For questions 26-40, choose the correct answer A, B, C or D to each of the following questions.
Write your answer in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
26. I found the training exhausting as the coach always pushed us to the...........
A. restriction B. border C. limit D. frontier
27. The doctor had a complete........for his patients’ feelings.
A. disinterest B. dismissal C. negligence D. disregard
28. You look tired. Why don’t you go to that new health farm? I’m sure you’d find it …………
A. beneficial B. essential C. profitable D. valuable
29. They prepared to........their leave, believing the meeting to be over.
A. set B. wave C. offer D. take
30. She can’t be interested in the course, ……………… that she never does any work.
A. viewing B. seeing C. noting D. judging
31. He painted a gloomy...........of life as a student.
A. image B. picture C. drawing D. illustration
32. I bought the car...........that I would get a pay rise and be able to afford the instalments.
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 A. speculating B. considering C. assuming D. estimating
33. She loves reading - she always has her..........in a book.
A. nose B. eyes C. face D. brow
34. The football stadium was illuminated by............
A. spotlights B. searchlights C. flashlights D. floodlights
35. We made an agreement..................no one would use the computer for more than two hours.
A. whereas B. allowing C. whereby D. supposing
36. Frank has a................unusual collection of old toy cars.
A. little B. somewhat C. far D. greatly
37. It is a hard and...........rule that to have a successful career in this industry requires great dedication.
A. swift B. rapid C. fast D. speedy
38. All the candidates were good, but Emma had the............over the others.
A. blade B. edge C. point D. cut
39. Nobody could deny that the athlete was in top ………………….
A. state B. form C. rank D. technique
40. I’m...........to my boss and no one else.
A. accountable B. dependable C. privileged D. controlled
26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33.
34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
PART 2. For questions 41-45, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the
lines to form a word that fits in the space in the same line.
BEYOND REPAIR?
If a damage to a customer’s car is more than it is actually worth, it is declared
a write-off; the insurance company will not repair it, but will pay the
customer the market value instead. Often enough, some time later, the
customer will recognise a(n) (41) ………………………… vehicle as the self- COME
same car, apparently entirely (42) ………………………… ROAD
The explanation is a common enough practice with insurance companies, but
one the public are mostly unaware of. When an insurance company declares
your car a write-off and pays you, it takes (43) ………………………… of OWN
the scrap vehicle and the registration document. In order to get back some of
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its (44) ………………………… it sells it all to a scrap yard.
Salvage companies are able to repair cars much more cheaply than a garage
would, as they have the parts of thousands of different cars sitting around (45) USE
………………………… in their lots.
What they can also do is cut the damaged end off a vehicle involved in, for
example, a head-on collision, and attach a new undamaged front to it. The
most shady dealers operate entirely illegally, using the documents to
authenticate stolen cars they have acquired, after removing the chassis
number, number plates and any other identifying marks.

III. READING (50 points)

PART 1. For questions 46-53, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use
only one word in each space.
DESERT SKIES
The Near and Middle East are predominantly dry areas, becoming desert at any distance away from the great
rivers of the region, the Jordan, the Euphrates and the Tigris. These arid lands were populated in times past
mainly by nomadic tribesmen (46) ………………………… would drive their goats and sheep from place to
place to find them fresh pasture and water.
All day long, the sun is lord of this landscape; (47) ………………………… light, drains the colour from
everything, (48) ………………………… tricks with the mind, creating mirages (49) …………………………
the horizon of water and oases. At night, the enormous sky is pitch-black and studded with stars that seem close
(50) ………………………… to touch. The desert, (51) ………………………… the sea, is one of those places
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that fills a person (52) ………………………… a sense of helplessness and smallness in the face of nature’s
power. It is perhaps (53) ………………………… surprise that three of the world’s major religions, Judaism,
Christianity and Islam, emerged from the Near and Middle Eastern peoples.
PART 2. Read the following passage and do the tasks that follow.
The mission to colonise Mars from theory to possibility
A.
Of all the known planets of our solar system. Mars can be considered to possess the conditions least adverse to
supporting life. With overpopulation and diminishing fuel reserves - not to mention irreparable damage to the
environment - building up to a planet-wide crisis on Earth, plans for terraforming Mars and creating a self-
sustaining, financially-viable and even profitable future colony have already surfaced. Ultimately, if the human
race wishes to secure its existence beyond the measure of the lifetime of a single sun, spreading beyond our own
solar system is imperative — and Mars could be the first step towards larger extrasolar exploration.
B.
Mars' environment, though hostile, shares key characteristics with the Earth's - most notably that it comprises
atmosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere and lithosphere. Since it already possesses the necessary elements for the
existence of life, including an abundance of chemical compounds to rival and even surpass those found on our
own planet. Mars has the foundations to become a technologically and financially self-sufficient civilisation if
terraforming were to take place.
C.
Given its biochemical similarity to the Earth and the discovery of ancient water-based environments on the
planet surface, it is likely that Mars once possessed a rich fluvial environment which may even have supported
microbial life. This ceased to exist when the planetary magnetosphere was lost. Magnetospheres prevent water
ions from leaving the atmosphere; its disappearance meant that water on Mars dissipated into space, reducing
the planet to its current dry and uninhabitable state. It also diminished its ability to retain gases, leaving a
considerably reduced atmosphere.
D.
The subsequent low atmospheric pressure means that greenhouse gases which would retain solar heat dissipate
quickly, leaving a fatally low temperature, a lack of water and high levels of radiation. Although Mars' orbitary
position means it receives an adequate amount of thermal solar energy, the reduced atmosphere can neither
preserve it nor filter its radiation. Seemingly an arid planet. Mars actually possesses substantial water reserves
in the form of a planet-wide permafrost and frozen polar hubs of combined ice and frozen CO2 (a greenhouse'
gas). These occasionally release small amounts of temporary water melt — but the low air pressure means it is
quickly dispersed by solar winds. While seasonal and geographic shifts in atmospheric conditions allow for
temperature or pressure variations, at no point have both been recorded simultaneously at levels that would
sustain permanent liquid water. Would-be colonists are also forced to consider the atmospheric ratio of CO2 to
oxygen. An oxygenated atmosphere is essential for life on the planet, not only for respiration but for regulating
radiation levels through an ozone layer.
E.
Fortunately, all of these conditions are interrelated. In concluding terms: to support life, the atmosphere must be
oxygenated, the surface temperature must rise considerably, and a sustainable liquid water reserve must be
established. In order to warm the planet - and enable it to sustain its heat -the thin atmosphere and low
atmospheric pressure need to be redressed by increasing the levels of greenhouse gases. If a warming effect
were initiated, the frozen polar caps would begin to melt, releasing their frozen CO2 — further reinforcing the
greenhouse effect and allowing more thermal energy to remain on the planet’s surface, as well as increasing air
pressure. A denser CO2 atmosphere would - albeit not as effectively as an ozone layer - also block out a degree
of radiation which, combined with rising temperatures, would allow basic forms of photosynthetic bacteria to
survive. These would gradually increase oxygen levels to the point where the atmosphere would become
sufficiently oxygenated to create an ozone layer, reducing the radiation to tolerable levels for more complex life
forms.
F.
Thus, the battle to recreate Mars as an inhabitable planet must begin with the atmosphere - currently not only
too thin to be effective, but with a low oxygen count. A dense atmosphere of greenhouse gases would not only
influence temperature, radiation levels and water presence, but theoretically generate enough pressure to
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compensate for the absent magnetosphere. Alternatively, an artificial magnetic field could be generated by
building an electrical conductor around the planet’s equator - although this technology is still in its early stages.
G.
There are three proposed terraforming strategies at present. The first entails the construction of enormous orbital
mirrors which would concentrate solar heat on the polar ice caps, focusing on melting them to trigger the
atmospheric thickening and consequent temperature rise.
H.
A more synthetic solution would involve effectively replicating the environmental crisis currently taking place
on Earth. Many greenhouse gases such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are artificially created; solar-powered
factories on Mars could produce vast quantities of these and other man-made greenhouses gases, duplicating the
planet-warming effect seen on Earth. At the same time, factories could be built to carry out a process of
artificial photosynthesis, converting atmospheric CO2 to O2. This would be accelerated by the introduction of
photosynthetic bacteria after a partial temperature rise.
I.
A more drastic approach involves the use of lasers currently in effect for altering asteroid trajectory to avoid
collision with the Earth. If, however, a sufficiently large asteroid were to collide with Mars, the energy released
on impact would raise the temperature by 3°C - enough to melt about a trillion tons of water. Repeated attempts
would eventually lead to a climate not dissimilar from that on Earth - although the abounding energy from the
collisions would prevent human inhabitation for centuries.
J.
Effectively, even a slight increase in temperature would trigger an interconnected cascade effect of greenhouse
gas production, incrementing temperature and thawing water reserves. With adequate funding and support, the
first human extraterrestrial colony is now a realistic prospect.
Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D
Write your answer in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
54. What is the writer’s purpose in writing this passage?
A. to compare the effectiveness of different methods of terraforming
B. to show how space exploration could prove financially profitable
C. to show the public that extraplanetary colonisation is theoretically possible
D. to make a case for increased funding of environmental projects
55. What does the writer suggest about the survival of mankind as a race?
A. We should accept the consequences of past carelessness for our environment.
B. Expanding to Mars will prolong our survival after the death of our Sun.
C. While we remain on Earth, our overall survival is determined by external factors outside our
influences.
D. A Martian colony would learn from mistakes made on Earth and be better able to preserve their
environment.
56. What is implied about the former environment and constitution of Mars?
A. The majority of the planet was once below water level.
B. It possessed several chemical elements which cannot be found on Earth.
C. It had a richer and more fertile environment than our own planet.
D. It was comparable to that on Earth during the early stages of life.
54. 55. 56.
Reading Part 2 has ten paragraphs. A-J.
Which paragraph contains the following information?
Write the correct letter, A-J, in boxes 57-61.
NB: You can use any letter more than once.
57. the identification of the root of the problems needing to be tackled in the terraforming of Mars
58. a list of issues created by the low density of the Martian atmosphere
59. a mention of an event which changed the conditions on Mars
60. a description of the conditions required to sustain permanent liquid water
61. a specific example of how a change brought about by initial planet warming would further increase the
planet's heat retention
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 57. 58. 59. 60. 61.
Complete the sentences below.
Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer.
62. The technology for creating an artificial ………………………… is still in its infancy.
63. Orbital mirrors would direct heat specifically towards the ………………………… which contain a form of
CO2.
64. The terraforming factories would release synthetic greenhouse gases and perform..........................
65. The technology to change.......................is already in existence and could be adapted for use in the
terraforming of Mars.
66. Repeated asteroid collisions could raise the temperature to inhabitable levels, but would actually
delay ...................for an extended period of time.
PART 3. You are going to read an article about a forest fire. Seven paragraphs have been removed from
the text. Choose from the paragraphs A-H the one which fits each gap (67-73). There is one extra
paragraph which you do not need to use. Write your answer in the corresponding numbered boxes
provided.
THE DEEPEST SCAR
I knew the mountains by name, by shape, by size; I felt I could even close my eyes and know them through their
presence. Observation Post One was near the peak of the highest of them all and from it they spread out to all
horizons; massive, craggy, their tops bare of snow in this fierce midsummer heat, the dark rock gradually giving
way to thicker and thicker pine down to the valley floor, which was as perfect as a green carpet, fitted carefully
around the foot of each mountain.
67.
Inside me was a scar that mirrored it exactly, that I had come up here to allow to heal. I had always come into
the mountains to heal; the wilderness, the solitude, soothed me, calmed a heart torn by my parents’ break-up,
the disappointments of youth and adulthood. I just wasn’t sure they were working their magic this time.
68.
I was starting to think that was the problem. The sadness was still laced with bitterness, and a need to blame.
And what else was there to blame but those huge silent giants, who did not mourn or shed tears, did not sing
funeral songs, but sat, eternal, stone-hearted. For them a human death was nothing. A mountain took thousands
of years to be born and thousands more to die, and in that time would witness thousands of deaths both great
and small.
69.
This was when the fire crews were summoned, the planes and helicopters dispatched. I, too, had seen many of
them, fought in the smoky thick of them to stop their spread, emerged exhausted and hoarse from the heat but
triumphant, as the flames subsided and the fire planes doused the last of the smouldering embers.
70.
We'd been called up while on standby in Larch, my hometown. Twenty of us veterans and some new blood; five
college kids, my little brother Steve one of them. He’d always wanted to fight fires and was finally old enough
to - he'd signed up for when his term at college ended, and come to join me.
71.
What we hadn’t reckoned on was the wind change, and the strength of the westerly that caused it. The moment
we felt it, we veterans froze; it came roaring through the trees with another deeper roaring adding to its voice.
This last was our old enemy’s war cry; the fire sprang up fifty feet into the air and raced towards us like a
viking possessed, with a bloodlust to be sated.
72.
I was his elder brother by seven years - he had followed me for as long as I could remember. It was often nice,
sometimes annoying, but it was a fact. Why I had not realised it would happen then is something I will never
fathom and never forgive myself for.
73.
But physical scars, though painful and unsightly, do not hurt for long, and they show the world at least that you
have risked yourself, have fought. It was the scar inside that never seemed to stop bothering me, the dark scar so

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much like the one down on the forest floor, so like the bare earthen grave in which we laid him, my divorced
and distant parents and their last and desolate son.

A. I had wanted to fight fires for as long as I could remember; I waited for my schooling to end with
impatience, itching to become part of what was, for me, the real world of nature and its forces, creative and
destructive. Steve was different, studious and quiet, but I always felt that my burning ambition had put a spark
into his heart that, like a forest fire, had smouldered a long time before bursting into life.
B. It was a big fire but the winds weren’t high and the position was good: we concentrated on cutting a firebreak
from Cawdor’s Ridge to the river, cutting it off on two sides. This done, we looped around and started doing
much the same on the other side, from the river up to the ridge. I remember being unconcerned, grinning at
Steve’s ash-blackened face and flashing white teeth and eyes.
C. Except for that dark slash that I couldn’t keep my eyes off, as hard as I tried. From the open side of Cawdor’s
Ridge it cut a swathe of black burnt wood and ash-thick earth down into the heart of the forest, stopped only by
the river, glinting here and there in the sunshine as it wended its slow way to the sea.
D. I had loved it, loved the danger, loved the satisfaction of doing a hard and dangerous job well. They had
called me ‘The Charm’ because I put myself at such risk and always emerged unscathed. It had seemed like a
good thing, being lucky, but it didn’t any more. The scars, one inside me and one down in the valley, catching
my eye; all that remained of the last fire I had fought.
E. The other two were fine - had gone off at a slant but reached the river safely, plunged into its cool sanctuary.
I was fine too, though I had to spend some weeks in hospital, and the burns I received trying to pull Steve out
from under the burning tree will never properly heal, and will always make people look twice.
F. Likewise we fled, fear our demon, as the trees popped into flame all around as easily as candles on a birthday
cake, and smoke made our eyes sting. We headed for the river and I, missing two men, turned back to make
sure they were safe. It was what I always did, trusting my luck, my instincts, my knowledge. My brother,
trusting only me, turned back too.
G. Tony Morgan had been doubtful when I volunteered. He said it was too early to be alone. He was one of the
new breed of forest rangers, who’d learnt the skills in college, knew countless facts and theories that I lacked.
But I insisted, knowing that I too had something he did not; a sense of being part of it all, a feeling of kinship
with the mountains.
H. And as many fires. There were fires every summer, when the dead wood and grass were bone dry and
summer storms snaked lightning into the peaks and valleys. That was my job here at Observation Post One; any
smoke was to be logged, its position noted and observed for days after. Most fires went out alone; some gently
smouldered and then sprang up, sudden monsters, armed with swords of flame and intent on destruction.
PART 4. Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each of the questions. Write your
answer in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
Being aware of one’s own emotions - recognizing and acknowledging feelings as they happen - is at the very
heart of Emotional Intelligence. And this awareness encompasses not only moods but also thoughts about those
moods. People who are able to monitor their feelings as they arise are less likely to be ruled by them and are
thus better able to manage their emotions.
Managing emotions does not mean suppressing them; nor does it mean giving free rein to every feeling.
Psychologist Daniel Goleman, one of several authors who have popularized the notion of Emotional
Intelligence, insisted that the goal is balance and that every feeling has value and significance. As Goleman
said, 'A life without passion would be a dull wasteland of neutrality, cut off and isolated from the richness of
life itself.' Thus, we manage our emotions by expressing them in an appropriate manner. Emotions can also be
managed by engaging in activities that cheer us up, soothe our hurts, or reassure us when we feel anxious.
Clearly, awareness and management of emotions are not independent. For instance, you might think that
individuals who seem to experience their feelings more intensely than others would be less able to manage
them. However, a critical component of awareness of emotions is the ability to assign meaning to them - to
know why we are experiencing a particular feeling or mood. Psychologists have found that, among individuals
who experience intense emotions, individual differences in the ability to assign meaning to those feelings
predict differences in the ability to manage them. In other words, if two individuals are intensely angry, the one
who is better able to understand why he or she is angry will also be better able to manage the anger.

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Self—motivation refers to strong emotional self—control, which enables a person to get moving and pursue
worthy goals, persist at tasks even when frustrated, and resist the temptation to act on impulse. Resisting
impulsive behavior is, according to Goleman, "the root of all emotional self—control."
Of all the attributes of Emotional Intelligence, the ability to postpone immediate gratification and to persist in
working toward some greater future gain is most closely related to success - whether one is trying to build a
business, get a college degree, or even stay on a diet. One researcher examined whether this trait can predict a
child's success in school. The study showed that 4—year—old children who can delay instant gratification in
order to advance toward some future goal will be "far superior as students" when they graduate from high
school than will 4—year—olds who are not able to resist the impulse to satisfy their immediate wishes.
74. Which of the following can we infer from paragraph 1?
A. Some people can understand their feelings better than others.
B. If people pay attention to their feelings, they can control their emotions better.
C. People who can manage their emotions will be controlled by them.
D. If people pay attention to their feelings, they will not be able to manage them.
75. The word "soothe" in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by ___________
A. reduce B. relieve C. weaken D. worsen
76. According to paragraphs 1 to 3, people should be aware of their emotions so that they can
A. explain their emotions to others B. stop feeling angry
C. manage their emotions appropriately D. experience feelings more intensively
77. From paragraph 2, we can see that Daniel Goleman
A. wrote about Emotional Intelligence
B. trained people to increase their Emotional Intelligence
C. treated patients who had emotional problems
D. studied how people manage their emotions
78. All of the following are mentioned in paragraph 2 about our emotions EXCEPT
A. every feeling is important B. we can manage our emotions
C. we should ignore some feelings D. emotions are part of a satisfying life
79. In paragraph 3, the author explains the concept of awareness and management of emotions by_____
A. describing how people learn to control their emotions
B. giving an example of why people get angry
C. comparing how two people might respond to an intense emotion
D. explaining why some people are not aware of their emotions
80. According to paragraph 5, children might be more successful in school if they can resist impulses because
they can _______
A. have more friends at school B. be more popular with their teachers
C. focus on their work and not get distracted D. easily understand new information
74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80.

PART 5. Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each of the questions. Write your
answer in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
Although relationships with parents determine in large measure our longer-term preferences, attitudes and
values, during adolescence it is often relationships with friends that cause most concern and which preoccupy
the thoughts of young people as they grow up.
In adolescence, friendships normally exist within the structure of peer relationships. In this larger social setting
each adolescent has a particular role to play and is usually aware of their own status within the group. Close
friendships are not independent of such status. Popular or successful youngsters stick together. Those who are
’in' do not mix as frequently with those on the periphery of what is acceptable to the group. Whereas the
standards and styles set by the peer group can set highly influential markers around acceptable and unacceptable
behavior for young people, it is in individual friendships that young people find support and security, negotiate
their emotional independence, exchange information, put beliefs and feelings into words and develop a new and
different perspective of themselves.
Young people are not alone in having problems with friendships, but the psycho-social issues that confront
adolescents make it more certain that such difficulties are likely to be of concern to them.
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Adolescents can be highly egocentric. They sometimes find it difficult to see other people's point of view and to
interpret other people's behavior. They can be touchy and hypersensitive to rejection, and their social skills are,
as yet, underdeveloped.
As the individual adolescent seeks to grow more independent of the family, peer groups and friends become
important points of reference. They provide social contexts for shaping the day-to-day behavior of adolescents,
and encourage conformity to norms and values. Despite much popular mythology about 'the generation gap',
such standards are startlingly similar to parental values, though the similarities are masked by different youth
styles or expressions.
81. It appears that, over the long term, our preferences are mostly formed by _______
A. our friends. B. our parents. C. our peers. D. our partners.
82. During adolescence, boys and girls tend _______
A. to stick to friends from the same social class.
B. not to have close friendships with their peers.
C. have friends of a similar status in the group.
D. only to mix with close friends.
83. According to the text, a young person’s peer group usually gives them _______
A. a sense of security. B. emotional independence.
C. guidelines as to their behavior. D. general support.
84. It seems that adolescents are not usually _______
A. self-obsessed. B. over-sensitive. C. unsympathetic. D. objective.
85. The writer appears to think that ‘the generation gap’ _______
A. is not as wide as people think. B. no longer exists.
C. is startlingly large. D. is just a myth.
81. 82. 83. 84. 85.

PART 6. You are going to read an article about hypnosis. For questions 86-95, choose from the sections
A-E. The sections may be chosen more than once.
Hypnosis
A.
Hypnosis can be described as altering a subject's state of consciousness and heightening their responsiveness to
suggestion. The most common way of inducing a state of hypnosis is through the actions of an operator, or
hypnotist, who engages the attention of the subject and puts them into a trance-like state. The hypnotist usually
speaks in a monotonous tone and utters repeated verbal commands. Hypnosis can also be self- included, brought
on by certain relaxation techniques such as concentrating on one's own breathing, or by a variety of other rituals
that form part of many mystical and religious systems.
B.
While in the altered, hypnotic state, the attention of the subject is withdrawn from, though still conscious of, the
outside world. Instead, a state of consciousness is assumed in which the focus is on the self, in particular, on the
subject's mental, sensory and physiological experiences. When a hypnotist induces a trance in a subject, a close
relationship inevitably develops between the two parties, especially if the hypnosis is being used in psychiatric
treatment.
C.
While most people can be hypnotised, the depth of the trance will vary widely. This is usually dependent on the
emotional state of the subject, though the skill of the hypnotist plays a role too. Apparently, only twenty per
cent of subjects can actually be made to enter what are known as somnambulistic states using the usual methods
of hypnotism. This is a profound sleep-like trance, in which the subject is completely unaware of what is going
on in the outside world. This kind of trance is necessary if the subject is to respond automatically to post-
hypnotic suggestions and it is something that many subjects do not achieve, partly, perhaps, because of their
own resistance. As far as therapy is concerned, a light trance is all that needs to be achieved.
D.
One of the benefits of hypnotism is that it can bring the subject into deeper contact with their own emotional life
and make-up. This can result in the lifting of repressions and the exposure of hidden conflicts and fears. In the
hands of a skilled hypnotist, this kind of therapy can be lifechanging for many people. However, it also lends
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itself to misinterpretation. Some of a subject's supposed early and, possibly, repressed memories may, in fact, be
combined with fantasy. If the hypnotist cannot recognise this or distinguish truth from fiction, there is a danger
of false accusations being made. At the end of the last century, the US witnessed a spate of court cases in which
adults blamed their parents for mistreating them as children. The memories on which these accusations were
based, however, turned out not to be true in most cases.
E.
Hypnosis can be used to treat a number of behavioural and physiological problems. For example, it can be used
successfully to alleviate back pain and the pain resulting from burns. It has also been used by some obstetricians
as the sole analgesic for natural childbirth. Its use in dentistry is also becoming increasingly popular, more as a
means of relaxing the patient than as a way of reducing pain and discomfort, though. Research done into
hypnotism as a therapy for the conditions outlined above has shown time and again that the effect of hypnosis
exceeds that of other methods which use the 'mind over matter' approach. Few doctors, however, include
hypnosis as part of their normal practice. Problems such as smoking, overeating and insomnia also seem
treatable with hypnosis. Nonetheless, the majority of psychiatrists still feel that more fundamental psychiatric
conditions should be treated with the patient in a normal state of consciousness.
In which section are the following mentioned?
only a minority of people can be put into the deepest state of hypnosis 86. _______

when hypnotised the subject’s thoughts are concentrated on themselves 87. _______

hypnosis being more effective than techniques of using thoughts to control physical 88. _______
feelings

a hypnotist’s use of verbal instructions and minimal voice intonation 89. _______

the possibility of hypnotists being unable to distinguish between imagined scenarios 90. _______
as real events

the practice of people putting themselves into trance-like states for non-therapeutic 91. _______
purposes

cases of hypnosis not being preferred when treating mental problems 92. _______

an individual’s state of mind is significant as to what stage of hypnosis can be 93. _______
induced

the potential for hypnosis as a treatment to access repressed memories 94. _______

hypnosis invariably entails a strong bond between subject and operator 95. _______

IV. WRITING (60 points)

PART 1. Read the following extract and use your own words to summarise it. Your summary should be
about 150 words long. (15 points)
Advertising is a major component of the business world. When it is successful, companies can look forward to
record production and profits. However, lackluster advertising can spell doom for a product or company. In the
past fifteen years, the Internet has opened up whole new possibilities in brand marketing and recognition. But
this does not mean the old standbys of advertising are no longer relevant. Media is one type of advertising
appeal which remains vital to many larger companies. It makes up the bulk of all advertisements. Other types of
advertising appeals include covert and outdoor advertising approaches.
Media advertising encompasses a large, diverse realm in the marketing world. Broadcast advertising involves
television and radio. Print advertising is commonly adopted by newspapers and magazines. With broadcast
media, commercial spots are paid for by companies on certain television or radio networks. The popularity of
the network and program as well as airtime length dictates the cost of the commercial. Similarly, a business may
purchase ad space in a magazine. Again, the size of the ad and the circulation of the print media determine the
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cost of the advertisement. Because television programs and print media attract audiences from certain
demographics, companies can market their product to a specific client base quickly.
Covert and outdoor advertising appeals also continue to influence consumer spending. First, covert advertising
is most commonly seen in movies. It is a more subtle form of advertising. For example, in a certain scene of a
movie, a famous actor may drink a can of Coca-Cola. This is by no means a coincidence. Coca-Cola has paid to
have their product visible in the scene. Thus, potential customers will hopefully associate the drink with the
actor and purchase more of it. Second, outdoor advertising is another successful technique. Billboards are a
common example. However, businesses also advertise their name or products in other places easily visible to
the public, like on the sides of buses or taxis, on park benches, in subways, and in sports stadiums.
The Internet is another more recent form of advertising appeal. Spam mail and website pop-ups are common
methods. However, while some are from successful, reliable companies, most represent unproven companies or
services and are viewed as annoyances by many Internet users. Even special web tools have been created to
block their unwarranted intrusions. Avoiding unwelcome advertising is difficult with traditional forms of
advertising such as print and broadcast media. Advertisers therefore dedicate the majority of their revenue to the
upkeep of the most popular forms of entertainment and information.
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PART 2. The pie charts below show the results of a survey conducted by a university library asking how
satisfied full-time and part-time students are with its services.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where
relevant. (15 points)

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PART 3. Write an essay of 350 words on the following topic. (30 points)
Some people think that universities should not provide so much theoretical knowledge but give more practical
training throughout their courses.
To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
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