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Discovering Our Past: A History of the World

Worksheet Answer Key

Civilizations of Korea, Japan, and


Southeast Asia

Table of Contents

CHAPTER-LEVEL ACTIVITIES:
What Do You Know? Anticipation Guide.................................. 2
Vocabulary Builder Activity................................................... 2
Hands-On Chapter Project: Civilizations of Korea, Japan,
and Southeast Asia ............................................................. 3

LESSON-LEVEL ACTIVITIES:
Guided Reading: Lesson 1 Korea: History and Culture.............. 3
Guided Reading: Lesson 2 Early Japan ................................... 4
Guided Reading: Lesson 3 Medieval Japan.............................. 4
Guided Reading: Lesson 4 Southeast Asia: History and
Culture........................................................................ 5
Geography and History Activity: Lesson 1
Understanding Borders: Korea ........................................ 6
21st Century Skills Activity: Lesson 2
Information Literacy: Use Latitude and Longitude.............. 6
21st Century Skills Activity: Lesson 3

Copyright by The McGraw-Hill Companies


Communication: Writing a Poem ..................................... 7
Economics of History Activity: Lesson 4
The Rise of Angkor........................................................ 7

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Discovering Our Past: A History of the World

Worksheet Answer Key

Civilizations of Korea, Japan, and


Southeast Asia

CHAPTER WORKSHEETS

What Do You Know? Anticipation Guide


Before You Read
1-8. All student responses will vary.

After You Read


1. A
2. D
3. D
4. D
5. A
6. D
7. D
8. A

Vocabulary Builder Activity


A. Content Vocabulary
1. h-vassal
2. l-maritime

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3. b-archipelago
4. e-constitution
5. k-tsunami
6. g-shogun
7. o-meditation
8. c-animism
9. j-volcano
10. a-shamanism
11. n-marital arts
12. d-feudalism
13. f-samurai
14. i-sect
15. m-guild

B. Academic Vocabulary
1. behalf
2. isolated
3. labor
4. ensure
5. network
6. style
7. institution
8. achieve Page 2
Discovering Our Past: A History of the World

Worksheet Answer Key

Civilizations of Korea, Japan, and


Southeast Asia
C. Combined Vocabulary Reinforcement
1. archipelago
2. Maritime
3. samurai
4. Feudalism
5. guild
6. Martial arts
7. constitution
8. shogun
9. network

Hands-On Chapter Project


Civilizations of Korea, Japan, and Southeast Asia
Worksheet 1: Project Plan
Students' answers will vary based on chosen topic.
Due Date: The due date will be assigned by the instructor.

Worksheet 2: Assessment Rubric


Students’ self-assessment will be based on their opinions about their performance
during the project.

LESSON WORKSHEETS

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Guided Reading: Lesson 1 Korea: History and Culture
Location of Korea
1. Koguryo, Paekche, and Silla
2. Answers should include: Buddhist ideas, Confucian ideas, Chinese writing
system, model of government
3. The government gave land to farmers and helped build irrigation systems for rice
fields. To encourage the arts, they built Buddhist temples and printed Buddhist
sacred texts.

Korean Civilization
4. Wang Kon was the first Korean ruler to unite the entire Korean Peninsula. He
founded the Koryo dynasty.
5. Possible answers include: the Koryo developed movable metal type, the world's
oldest book, and celadon pottery.
6. The Mongols invaded northern Korea in 1231 and forced the Koryo dynasty to
accept Mongol rule. As Mongol power declined, so did the rule of the Koryo.
7. Hangul is the Korean alphabet. It is based on symbols that represent sounds.
Chinese characters represent entire words. Hangul uses fewer symbols than
Chinese.
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Discovering Our Past: A History of the World

Worksheet Answer Key

Civilizations of Korea, Japan, and


Southeast Asia
8. The Koreans won by stopping the Japanese attack on land with Chinese help
and by using iron-covered ships in sea battles. The Korean countryside was
damaged and many people were killed in the land fighting. China invaded Korea
next. Korea was still weakened from fighting Japan and lost. Korea's rulers had
to pay tribute to China’s Manchu rulers.

Guided Reading: Lesson 2 Early Japan


Geography and Settlement
1. Mountains: limited the available farmland, led to fighting over farmland, encour-
aged fishing; Islands: encouraged fishing and travel by ship, villages developed
along the coast, isolated Japan from the rest of Asia
2. They probably came from northeastern Asia around 20,000 years ago.
3. The Yayoi introduced farming, including rice farming, to Japan. They also made
pottery and were skilled metalworkers.

Shinto: Way of the Spirits


4. Animism is the belief that all things in nature are alive and have their own spirits.
5. The kami were nature spirits that the Japanese people called on for aid.
6. Influences include rituals practiced by the Japanese rulers; contributing to the
Japanese love of nature; and encouraging people to strive for simplicity, cleanli-
ness, and good manners.

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Prince Shotoku
7. Government: Created a constitution that strengthened the power of the emperor
and created a government modeled on that of China.
Religion: Officials and students studied Buddhism.
8. The Taika was the Great Change begun by the Yamato. It divided Japan into
districts ruled by officials who reported to the emperor. Officials collected taxes
for the government.
9. Taika reforms created Japan's first strong central government.

The Nara Period


10. The city had broad streets, large public squares, Buddhist temples, and Shinto-
shrines. Noble families in Nara lived in large, Chinese-style homes.
11. Buddhism came to Japan from Korea.

Guided Reading: Lesson 3 Medieval Japan

Shoguns and Samurai


1. in A.D. 794
2. land
3. loyalty, bravery, and honor
4. to guard their lands and to gain control of the emperor
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Discovering Our Past: A History of the World

Worksheet Answer Key

Civilizations of Korea, Japan, and


Southeast Asia
5. Answers should include:
I. weak emperors came to the throne; regents governed for them and kept
power; nobles took control in the outlying provinces of Japan.
II. warriors agreed to fight for nobles; fought on horseback using swords, dag-
gers, and bows and arrows; lived by a strict code called Bushido; not concerned
about riches
III. Minamoto defeated Taira in civil war; emperor appointed him shogun, or com-
mander of military forces; Japanese government divided in two; top-ranking
samurai named to serve as advisers and to run provinces.
IV. The Chinese Mongol emperor sent ships to invade Japan; the ships were de-
stroyed by typhoons the Japanese named kamikaze.

A Divided Japan
6. Sample prediction: The samurai will probably rebel against the shogun. If this
happens, there will be a struggle for power.; Reactions will vary.
7. The Ashikaga shoguns proved to be weak leaders, which lead to uprisings.
These uprisings led to the nation dividing into smaller territories.
8. a powerful military lord
9. The samurai became vassals of the daimyo. Samurai gave and oath of loyalty to
serve the daimyo in battle. In return, the daimyo gave the samurai land.

Society under the Shoguns


10. Top of pyramid: emperor and his family; 2nd row: noble families and leading mili-

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tary officials; 3rd row: merchants and traders; bottom row: farmers
11. Merchants traded wooden goods, sword blades, and copper. They received silk,
dyes, pepper, books, and porcelain.
12. to protect their jobs and increase their earnings

Religion and the Arts


13. This exchange of ideas influenced Japanese government, philosophy, art, litera-
ture, science, and religion.
14. Shinto: focus on daily life; linked Japanese to nature and homeland
Buddhism: spiritual rewards to those who live a good life; focus on the afterlife
15. Buddhist ideas
16. Shinto shrines were built in the Japanese style, often simple buildings with one
room. Buddhist temples were built in the Chinese style with tiled roofs and were
heavily decorated inside and out.

Guided Reading: Lesson 4 Southeast Asia: History and


Culture

Early Civilization
1. peninsulas (or mainland) and a chain of islands called an archipelago
2. Mainland: Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam
Islands: Indonesia, East Timor, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, the Philippines
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Discovering Our Past: A History of the World

Worksheet Answer Key

Civilizations of Korea, Japan, and


Southeast Asia
3. peninsulas, archipelago, mountains, lowlands, volcanoes
4. a belief in animism, forms of art like batik, and new musical instruments like the
dan bau and rammana
5. Possible answer: The mainland cultures were divided by mountains, and the is-
land cultures were separated by water.

Kingdoms and Empires


6. Great Viet
7. during the A.D. 1100s
8. Building costs, high taxes, and internal revolts weakened the empire. In A.D.
1432, The Thai captured the capital city of Angkor.
9. Pagan was built in A.D. 849. Mongol attacks were responsible for its decline.
10. Land-Based Kingdoms: Dai Viet, Khemer, Sukhothai, Ayutthaya, Burmese;
Source of Wealth: agriculture and trade; Main Religious Influences: Hinduism
and Buddhism.
Sea-Based Kingdoms: Malay, Melaka, Bali; Source of Wealth: trade; Main Reli-
gious Influence: Islam, Hindu

Geography and History Activity: Lesson 1


Understanding Borders: Korea

Understanding the Concept

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1. Students should identify the correct locations of the Yalu River (part of the
Chinese-Korean border), the Changbai Mountains (part of the border, further
east and north from the Yalu River), and Korea Bay (north of the Yellow Sea).
2. It was probably easiest to cross in the middle section of the river during the dry
season.
Applying the Concept
3. fishing, transportation, hydroelectric power
4. While it was always a source of fishing and a means of transportation, it is now
most important for generating hydroelectric power.
5. Possible answers: the Colorado, Mississippi, Missouri, Ohio, and Potomac rivers
in the United States; the Congo River in West Africa; the Danube River in
Europe, the Uruguay River in South America

21st Century Skills Activity: Lesson 2


Information Literacy: Use Latitude and Longitude

Applying the Skill


1. Kyoto 35° N, 135° E
2. Nagasaki 32° N, 129° E
3. Osaka 34° N, 135° E
4. Sapporo 43° N, 141° E
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Discovering Our Past: A History of the World

Worksheet Answer Key

Civilizations of Korea, Japan, and


Southeast Asia
5. Sapporo is farthest north.
6. Sapporo is also farthest east.

21st Century Skills Activity: Lesson 3


Communication: Writing a Poem

Students’ tanka poems should reflect an understanding of the form of the poem: five
lines, divided into lines of 5, 7, 5, 7, and 7 syllables. Poems should also reflect a
single image or idea.

Economics of History Activity: Lesson 4


The Rise of Angkor
1. They constructed a highly advanced irrigation network that allowed them to grow
three to four crops of rice each year.
2. The rulers of Angkor built temples to gods from different religions, such as Hin-
duism and Buddhism. They also used different architectural styles.
3. Strengthened: The Khmer made Angkor the center of a huge irrigation system
that improved the productivity of their agriculture. This helped bring great wealth
to the Khmer Empire.
Weakened: The Khmer rulers built many temples at Angkor, such as Angkor

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Wat. The time and the great cost needed to build these temples weakened the
Khmer.
4. Possible answer: A state with no money cannot pay workers or soldiers, and may
face being taken over by a stronger state.
5. Possible answers include that Angkor preserves impressive examples of art and
architecture representing many different cultures that influenced the Khmer.

Page 7

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