THED02 – MODULE 2A

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THED02 –

MODULE 2A
THE CHURCH’S
SECOND VATICAN
COUNCIL
COUNCIL
(a) A legally convened meeting of
(b) members of the hierarchy, for
(c) the purpose of carrying out their judicial and doctrinal functions,
(d) by means of deliberation in common,
(e) resulting in regulations and decrees invested with the authority
of the whole assembly.

Councils are common effort of the Church, or part of


the Church, for self-preservation and self-defense. They
appear at her very origin, in the time of the apostles
at Jerusalem, and throughout her whole history,
whenever faith or morals or discipline are seriously
threatened.
COUNCIL OF JERUSALEM —AD 49/50
Decisions made on conversions and circumcision. It was decided that it was not necessary for
converts to submit to the Old Covenant laws like circumcision.

20 major councils

VATICAN II —AD 1962-1965


Convoked mainly to more effectively preserve and present the sacred deposit of Christian doctrine."
Sixteen documents reaffirmed the principles of Catholic faith and morality, authorized numerous
changes in the Eucharistic liturgy, the ritual of the sacraments, and in the church's administrative
structure. These documents and liturgical reforms defined the Church in the modern age.
SOME COUNCILS AND THEIR SIGNIFICANT TEACHINGS

NICAEA I —AD 325 Nicene Creed; divinity of Christ, condemned Arianism; Easter observance set.
CONSTANTINOPLE I —AD 381 Defeated Arianism; condemned Manicheism that the denied the divinity of the Holy Spirit.
EPHESUS —AD 431 Defended Mary as the mother of God; condemned Nestorianism which held there were two distinct persons in the
Incarnate Christ.
CHALCEDON —AD 451 Condemned Monophysitism by defining two distinct natures of Christ: Jesus fully human and divine.
NICAEA II —AD 787 Regulated veneration of holy images; condemned Iconoclasts and defined that sacred images may be honored
without idolatry.
LATERAN I —AD 1123 First council after the Great Eastern Schism. Condemned practice of lay princes in investiture of bishops. Called
for recovery of the Holy Land.
LATERAN III —AD 1179 Established the Sacred Conclave as voting body to elect Pope by 2/3rds majority; condemned the Albigensian
and Waldensian heresies.
LATERAN IV —AD 1215 Defined ex cathedra: from the chair of Peter and "There is but one Universal church, outside of which there is
no salvation." Set in stone the term Transubstantiation for the mystery of the Eucharist. Ordered annual confession and Easter
Communion.
LYONS II —AD 1274 Attempted reconciliation with Eastern Catholics. Decreed that papal elections should begin 10 days after death of
the Pope.
TRENT —AD 1545-1563 Condemned Lutheranism and other errors in teaching that resulted from Protestant movement; proclaimed
Bible and Tradition as rule of faith; defined doctrine on the Mass, the sacraments, justification, purgatory, indulgences, invocation of
saints, veneration of sacred images, issued decrees on marriage and clerical reform.
VATICAN I —AD 1869-1870 Defined the nature of revelation and faith, the relation of faith and reason; and infallibility of the Pope
when speaking ex cathedra in matters of faith and morals. Condemned pantheism, materialism, deism, naturalism, and fideism.

Michal Hunt, Copyright © 2004, revised 2007, 2010


The Second Vatican
Council, or Vatican II,
was an Ecumenical
Council of the Roman
Catholic Church
opened under Pope
John XXIII in 1962 and
closed under Pope
Paul VI in 1965.
Provided general instruction on
Concerned renewal of some
vital topics in the Church and the
aspect of Church life;
world, with implementation left
required further action.
up to local bishops.
DECLARATIONS DECREES

CONSTITUTIONS

Concerned doctrine and dogma;


restated teachings in modern
language

Vatican Council II produced sixteen documents


with three types of official documents
THE FOUR CONSTITUTIONS OF THE VATICAN II COUNCIL
Reaffirms the liturgy as “Sacrosanctum
the source and summit Concilium,” Dec. 4, “Lumen Gentium,” Nov. 21, 1964.
of Christian life and 1963. It presented the church as a mystery, as
It ordered an
calls for changes to extensive revision of Defines the
a communion of baptized believers, as
encourage the full and the people of God, as the body of Christ
worship so that Church as the and as a pilgrim moving toward
active participation of people would have a
People of God. fulfillment in heaven but marked on
the faithful. clearer sense of their earth with “a sanctity that is real,
own involvement in although imperfect.”
the Mass and other Dogmatic Constitution on
Constitution on the rites. the Church
Sacred Liturgy

“Dei Verbum,” Nov. “Gaudium et Spes,” Dec. Pastoral Constitution on the


18, 1965. Dogmatic Constitution on Divine 7, 1965.
Church in the Modern World
It said the church Revelation It said the church must
depends on Scripture talk to atheists, a continual
campaign must be waged Expresses pastoral concern for
and tradition as the Recalls that God has revealed for peace, nuclear war is
one deposit of God’s
the joys, hopes, grief, and
himself to grant us a share in unthinkable and aid to
word and commended underdeveloped nations is anguish of the modern world.
divine life. Encourages all people
the use of modern urgent. It said marriage Reiterates the dignity of the
to study Scripture and affirms the was not just for
scientific scholarship human person and the need for
role of the Magisterium in its procreation and urged
in studying Scripture science to find an social justice and service.
authentic interpretation. acceptable means of birth
regulation.
THE NINE DECREES OF VATICAN II
The Council also issued nine decrees to promote renewal of some aspect of Church
life.
1. Decree on the Mass Media (Inter Mirifica, Dec. 4, 1963) - Explains that journalism has a
responsibility to lead people down the path of good, not evil.
- It called on members of the church, especially the laity, to instill “a human and Christian spirit” into newspapers, magazines, books, films,
radio and television.

2. Decree on the Catholic Churches of the Eastern Rite (Orientalium Ecclesiarum, Nov. 21, 1964)
- Recognizes the autonomy and liturgical practices of the Eastern Catholic Churches.
- It stated that variety within the church does not harm its unity and that Eastern Catholic churches should retain their own traditions.

3. Decree on Ecumenism (Unitatis Redintegratio, Nov. 21, 1964) - Calls Catholics to appreciate
Christian values found in other faiths as well as the Catholic Church.
- It said that ecumenism should be everyone’s concern and that genuine ecumenism involves a continual personal and institutional renewal.
THE NINE DECREES OF VATICAN II
4. Decree Concerning the Pastoral Office of Bishops in the Church (Christus Dominus,
Oct. 28, 1965) - Describes a bishop’s role in the universal Church, in his local
churches, and in cooperation for the common good.
- It said each bishop has full ordinary power in his own diocese and is expected to present Christian doctrine in ways adapted to the times. It
urged conferences of bishops to exercise pastoral direction jointly.

5. Decree on the Up-to-Date Renewal of Religious Life (Perfectae Caritatis, Oct. 28, 1965) -
Calls religious men and women to base their lives on the Gospel while adapting to
serve modern needs.
- It provided guidelines for the personal and institutional renewal of the lives of nuns, brothers and priests belonging to religious orders.

6. Decree on Priestly Training (Optatam Totius, Oct. 28, 1965) - Encourages priestly
vocations and suggests updated seminary structures and ongoing formation
programs for priests.
- It recommended that seminaries pay attention to the spiritual, intellectual and disciplinary formation necessary to prepare priesthood
students to become good pastors.
THE NINE DECREES OF VATICAN II
7. Decree on the Apostolate of the Laity (Apostolicam Actuositatem, Nov. 18, 1965) -
Encourages laypeople to renew the world as ambassadors of Christ.
- It said the laity should influence their surroundings with Christ’s teachings.

8. Decree on the Missionary Activity of the Church (Ad Gentes, Dec. 7, 1965) -
Provides guidance to those engaged in missionary work throughout the world.
- It said missionary activity should help the social and economic welfare of people and not force anyone to accept the faith.

9. Decree on the Ministry and Life of Priests (Presbyterorum Ordinis, Dec. 7, 1965) -
Provides guidance for priests to adapt to modern challenges and
opportunities.
- It said the primary duty of priests is to proclaim the Gospel to all, approved and encouraged celibacy as a gift and
recommended fair salaries.
Declaration on the Relation of the Church
Declaration on Christian Education to Non-Christian Religions (Nostra Aetate,
(Gravissimum Educationis, Oct. 28,1965)
Oct. 28, 1965)
—Reaffirms the universal right to an —Expresses high regard for non-Christian
education and describes Catholic religions, with special attention to
schools for all ages. Hinduism, Islam, and Judaism.

It affirmed the right of parents to choose the type of education they want It said the Catholic Church rejects nothing that is true and holy in non-
for their children, upheld the importance of Catholic schools and Christian religions, called for an end to anti-Semitism and said any
defended freedom of inquiry in Catholic colleges and universities. discrimination based on race, color, religion or condition of life is foreign
to the mind of Christ.

It said that religious liberty is a right found in the dignity of each


person and that no one should be forced to act in a way contrary to
his or her own beliefs.

Declaration on Religious Freedom


(Dignitatis Humanae, Dec. 7, 1965)
—Asserts that each human person is
and must be free to make decisions of
conscience.

THE THREE DECLARATIONS OF VATICAN II COUNCIL


SOURCES:

Chapter 20 - Vatican II.ppt revised.pptx Retrieved from


http://www.mrharnisch.com/uploads/2/5/3/6/25367
98/chapter_20_-_vatican_ii.ppt_revised.pdf

Michal Hunt, (2010). Agape Bible Study. Retrieved from


https://www.agapebiblestudy.com/charts/Great%20Co
uncils%20of%20the%20Catholic%20Church.htm

St. Mary’s Press. Vatican II. Retrieved from


https://www.smp.org/resourcecenter/resource/9252/

The Catholic Spirit. Retrieved


fromhttps://thecatholicspirit.com/news/local-news/1-
sentence-on-each-of-the-16-documents-of-vatican-ii/

END

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