FirePro Technical Guidelines - V4 - February 2020

Technical Guidelines
Condensed Aerosol
Fire Extinguishing System Solutions
Issue February 2020

Version 4
FPC-4RV3 “Operation and User Manual”, Issue May 2018 1|Page

Prepared by:The FirePro Engineering Department.
FirePro
Condensed Aerosol Fire Extinguishing Systems
Technical Guidelines on Condensed Aerosol Fire Extinguishing System Solutions, Issue February 2020 Page 1 of 34
Contents
1. Overview ............................................................................................................. 3
2. System Requirements .......................................................................................... 4
2.1 According to which standard/s should a system be designed? .................................. 4
2.2 Which parts of the fire protection system must be certified according to a standard? .. 4
2.3 Which international guidelines/standards should be followed when designing, installing,
operating, testing and maintaining the fire extinguishing system? .................................. 6
2.4 Which are the most important safety requirements covered by the standards? .......... 6
2.5 What is a fire extinguishing system? ..................................................................... 6
2.6 Which are the main system components of a fire extinguishing system? ................... 7
2.7 How does a properly designed condensed aerosol fire extinguishing system operate? 11
2.8 Which are the standards related to the power-off of devices (in the protected area)
prior to the activation of the fire extinguishing system? ............................................... 13
2.9 How to maintain the operation of the supprssion system in good working condition? . 15
3. Do FirePro Systems comply with the standards? ................................................. 16

3.1 FirePro Condensed Aerosol Generator certifications? .............................................. 16
3.2 Which electronic systems are compatible with FirePro? .......................................... 17
4. FirePro Case Study ............................................................................................. 18

4.1 Fire protection of an electrical room, according to EN15276 and ISO15779............... 18
4.2 Fire protection of an electrical room, according to NFPA 2010 standard. ................... 21
4.3 Case study: Electrical Fires by using the FPC-2 unit. .............................................. 24
4.4 Case study: Electrical fire involving LHD cable and power supply. ............................ 25
4.5 Case study: Electrical fire where FPC-4R unit/s are installed. .................................. 26
4.6 Case study: Electrical fire where FPC-5 unit/s are installed. .................................... 27
4.7 Case study: Bulb Thermal Actuator (BTA) - Mechanical Protection Controller ............ 28
4.8 Substituting with magnets the bolts & screws used for mounting the FirePro condensed
aerosol generator. .................................................................................................. 28
5. Condensed Aerosol Leakage Compensation ........................................................ 29

6. ATEX Series Condensed Aerosol Generators ....................................................... 32
7. ATM Series Condensed Aerosol Generators ........................................................ 33
8. Reference List .................................................................................................... 34
9. More Literature ................................................................................................. 34
1. Overview
This guide, provides an overview on the design, implementation and use of

Condensed Aerosol Fire Extinguishing Systems. The relevant up-to-date legislative
and technical requirements are identified and briefly explained. To ensure that the
most effective and efficient solution is offered the responsibilities associated with
Design, Installation, Commissioning, Maintenance and End-user-Operation of a
system are also clarified.
Fixed fire protection systems protect areas containing valuable or critical equipment
from the potentially devastating effects of fire. They consist of the following two
parts:
A) FIRE DETECTION: That detects fire and alerts occupants and emergency response
personnel of its existence so that the necessary steps are taken to extinguish it.
B) FIRE EXTINGUISHING/SUPPRESSION: That can be set in automatic or manual
activation mode to fight and extinguish fire by flooding the protected area with
an extinguishing agent. Tackling fire at its early stages prevents it from spreading.
This Technical Guideline examines the capabilities of the condensed aerosol fixed fire
extinguishing systems as well as what are the requirements necessary for them to
meet the applicable fire industry standards.
ISO: International Organization for Standardization is
2. System Requirements the world’s largest developer of voluntary International
Standards. International Standards give state of the art
2.1 According to which standard/s specifications for products, services and good practice,
helping to make industry more efficient and effective.
should a system be designed? Developed through global consensus.
When designing/specifying a condensed

aerosol fire extinguishing system, first
ensure that: Figure 1 - International Organisations
a) its components have the relevant 2.2 Which parts of the fire
certificates/listing acceptable by the AHJ
(Authority Having Jurisdiction)
protection system must be certified
b) the design, installation, operation, according to a standard?
testing, and maintenance of such
Condensed aerosol fire extinguishing
systems adhere to the requirements of
systems consist of two sections,
the relevant standards by the AHJ
a) the Electronic Fire Detection System and
A number of standards have been issued
b) the Condensed Aerosol Fire
related to the certification of various system
Extinguishing generators.
components and the requirements for the
design, installation, operation, testing, and
Equipment and their accessories and any
maintenance of such systems by:
other interfaced electronic system in
1. CEN - European Committee for both sections must be Accredited
Standardization Certification Body certified.
2. NFPA - National Fire Protection
Association
3. UL - Underwriters Laboratories
4. ISO - International Organization for
Standardization
CEN: Is a non-profit making organisation whose mission

is to foster in the European Union in global trading,
welfare of its citizens and the environment by providing Figure 2 – Condensed Aerosol Fire Alarm and Extinguishing
System
an efficient infrastructure for the development,
maintenance and distribution of coherent sets of
standards and specifications.
UL: Is a safety consulting and certification

organization. UL provides safety-related certification,
validation, testing, inspection, auditing, advising and
training services.
NFPA: It is a US organization having international

appeal and membership. It establishes and updates
fire protection and prevention safeguards. NFPA
publishes National Fire Codes, that are a set of Figure 3 – Condensed Aerosol Fire Alarm and Fire Extinguishing
System
standards, manuals, and recommended practices.
The International standards for the electrical Aerosol Fire Extinguishing Generators are the
fire detection system include: following:
UL864: Control Units and Accessories for Fire UL2775: Standard for Fixed Condensed
Alarm Systems. Aerosol Extinguishing System Units.
EN12094: Fixed fire fighting systems - EN15276-1: Fixed fire-fighting systems -

Components for fire extinguishing systems - Condensed aerosol fire extinguishing
Part 1: Requirements and test methods for systems - Requirements and test methods
electrical automatic control and delay for components.
devices.
ISO15779: Condensed aerosol fire
UL864 Scope: These requirements cover extinguishing systems — Requirements and
discrete electrical control units and test methods for components and system
accessories for fire alarm systems to be design, installation and maintenance —
employed in accordance with the following General requirements.
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
Standards: UL2775 Scope: These requirements cover
the construction and operation of fixed
NFPA12, NFPA12A, NFPA13, NFPA15, condensed aerosol fire extinguishing system
NFPA16, NFPA17, NFPA17A, NFPA70 units inclusive of aerosol generating fire
(National Electrical Code), NFPA 72 (National extinguishing system units and aerosol
Fire Alarm Code) generating automatic fire extinguishing units
intended for total flooding applications when
NFPA92A (Recommended Practice for installed, inspected, tested, and maintained
Smoke-Control Systems), NFPA92B (Guide in accordance with the Standard for Fixed
for Smoke Management Systems), Aerosol Fire Extinguishing Systems, NFPA
NFPA2001. 2010.
EN12094 Scope: This European Standard EN15276-1 scope: Specifies requirements

specifies requirements and test methods for and describes test methods for condensed
electrical automatic control and delay fire aerosol extinguishing components and
devices (e.c.d.) for use in combination with covers solely condensed aerosols.
automatic fire detection and fire alarm
systems and Fire Extinguishing Systems ISO15779 Scope: specifies requirements and
installed in buildings. test methods for components and gives
recommendations for the design,
The standard specifies compulsory functions installation, testing, maintenance and safety
which shall be provided on all electrical of condensed aerosol firefighting systems in
automatic control and delay devices and buildings, plants or other structures, and the
optional functions (options with characteristics of the extinguishants and
requirements) which may be provided. types of fire for which they are a suitable
extinguishing medium. It covers total
Some of the most important and most widely
flooding systems primarily related to
adopted internationally accepted standards,
buildings, plant and other specific
setting the requirements for the Condensed
applications, utilizing electrically non-
conducting condensed aerosol fire
extinguishants for which there are sufficient operation, testing, and maintenance of
data currently available to enable validation condensed and dispersed aerosol fire
of performance characteristics by an extinguishing systems for total flooding
appropriate independent authority. applications.
The above standards set the design They also cover performance requirements
application density g/m3 for condensed and methods of testing for condensed
aerosol. aerosol systems, dispersed aerosol systems,
and associated components as safety
The quantity of FirePro mass required to be requirements.
used is determined by the following formula:
2.4 Which are the most important
m = V * DAD
safety requirements covered by the
where:
standards?
m = Mass Required (g)
V: Protected Volume (m³) According to NFPA2010, EN15276-2 and
DAD: Design Application Density (g/m³) ISO15779 standards, certain safety
requirements for areas protected by
The Design Application Density (DAD) for
condensed aerosol total flooding systems,
each class of fire, is determined based on the
cover matters related to Occupied &
results of specific fire extinguishing tests,
Unoccupied areas, the Installer’s
defined in detail within the test protocols of
responsibility and the User’s responsibility.
the related standard.
Some of the most important requirements
2.3 Which international are:
guidelines/standards should be • Time delay devices
followed when designing, • Automatic/manual activation switch
• Lock-off device / Isolation switch
installing, operating, testing and
• Abort switch (NFPA2010)
maintaining the fire extinguishing • Visual and audible alarms
system? • Warning and instruction signs
• Safety distances
NFPA2010: Standard for Fixed Condensed
Aerosol Fire Extinguishing System Units.
2.5 What is a fire extinguishing
EN15276-2: Fixed fire-fighting systems - system?
Condensed aerosol fire extinguishing
systems - Design, installation and A fire extinguishing system is an engineered
maintenance. set of components which are integrated and
operated together to detect fire, alert
ISO15779: Condensed aerosol fire occupants, and extinguish fire.
extinguishing systems - Requirements and
test methods for components and system To ensure compliance of all components
design, installation and maintenance. with the requirements set by the standards,
these should be certified as an integrated
Standards Scope: These standards contain system by an international accredited
the requirements for the design, installation, laboratory.
2.6 Which are the main system Two of the most important behavioural
characteristics of the fire alarm and
components of a fire extinguishing
extinguishing panel in the Standards are:
system?
As per EN15276-2: Fixed fire-fighting
The main system components are: systems - Condensed aerosol fire
extinguishing systems -Design, installation
Fire Extinguishing Panel, Fire Detectors [e.g.
and maintenance.
Smoke, Heat (Rate-of-Rise), Flame, LHD
(Linear Heat detector) cable], Warning Section 8.4.1 “Electric control equipment”
devices (audible and visual), Isolation switch, Electric control equipment shall be used to
Sequential activators, and the Condensed supervise the detecting circuits, manual and
Aerosol Generators. See Figures 2 and 3. automatic releasing circuits, signalling
circuits, electrical actuating devices and
Fire Extinguishant Control Panel
associated wiring and, when required, cause
The fire extinguishant control panel actuation.
integrates and monitors all components The control equipment shall be capable of
simultaneously. It controls the audible and operation with the number and type of
visual alarms and discharge functions. When actuating devices utilized.
an automatic or manual device is activated a Section 8.4.4 “Time delay device”
signal is relayed to the control panel and To warn people in the flooding zone of an
accordingly one or more of the following imminent discharge, the discharge shall be
actions take place: delayed for at least 10 s.
In normally occupied areas, time delay

devices shall be used with a delay time long
enough to allow people to evacuate the area
Figure 4 - Control Panel without undue haste. This is:
• Activate a pre-discharge alarm • to avoid unnecessary exposure of people

• Initiate agent release to the extinguishing agent;
• Shutdown ventilation systems • to ensure doors are closed before
• Shutdown machinery or equipment extinguishant release thus property
• Activate visual and audible fire alarms protection objectives are achieved.
• Notify emergency response personnel
Time delay devices shall be used only for
The fire alarm and extinguishing control panel personnel evacuation or to prepare the
uses at least 2 detection zones. When one hazard area for discharge.
zone is activated an alarm is given without
activation of the Condensed Aerosol The time delay shall be no longer than
Generators . If a second zone is activated the necessary to ensure safe evacuation and/or
system proceeds, after a specified time-delay, preparation of hazard for discharge.
to the activation of the Conensed Aerosol Regarding personnel safety, national
Generators. regulations apply, if available.
Automatic fire detection, alarm and control Sequential activators include an LED fault
systems for condensed aerosol shall conform indicator which lights-up upon detection of a
to the relevant requirements of this fault.
document.
Any approved devices, or combination of

devices appropriate to the fire risk and airflow
in the protected area that are selected and Figure 5 - Sequential Activator
installed in accordance with the guidelines
may be used for automatic detection. Automatic Fire Detectors
Automatic detection devices can either detect
As per NFPA2010: Standard for Fixed smoke, heat (heat detector or LHD cable), or
Condensed Aerosol Extinguishing System flame, from a fire and initiate an alarm. All
Units. automatic detection equipment must be
approved and maintained.
Section 6.4.4.1.1 “Electrical control
equipment” Warning devices – audible and visual alarm
6.4.4.1.1 The control equipment shall devices
supervise the actuating devices and Each area protected with a fixed fire
associated wiring and, as required, cause extinguishing system must have a distinctive
actuation. alarm or signal to alert occupants that the
system is being activated. These alarms must
Section 6.4.5.6 “Pre-discharge Alarms and be able to be heard or seen above ambient
Time Delays” noise or light levels unless, the discharge is
6.4.5.6 Pre-discharge Alarms and Time Delays. immediately recognizable.
6.4.5.6.1 For condensed aerosol fire
extinguishing systems, a pre-discharge alarm When an alarm or signaling device is used on
and time delay, sufficient to allow personnel a total flooding system, it should:
evacuation prior to discharge, shall be • Alarm (audible and visual) before the system
provided discharge, to give occupants sufficient time to
safely exit the area.
Sequential activator • Be interfaced with/to an approved fire
A Sequential activator is a device that detection system which automatically
interfaces the condensed aerosol Generators activates the pre-discharge alarm prior to the
with the fire alarm and extinguishing panel. system discharge.
• Trigger an emergency action plan for each
With the sequential activator the fire alarm area that is protected.
and extinguishing panel supervises the
Condensed Aerosol Generators and the fire Warning signs must be posted to warn
extinguishing line (as requested by the occupants in advance about the hazards
standards) for possible problems and associated with the fire extinguishing agent.
activates the Conensed Aerosol Generators in Hazard warnings or caution signs must be
sequence in case of a fire. posted at the entrance to and inside of areas
protected by fixed fire extinguishing systems
which use agents in concentrations known to
be hazardous to occupants’ safety and health.
What should be the colour coding of manual
triggering and stop devices points for fixed
installations?
Figure 6 - Manual discharge station (as per EN54-11)
Manual trigerring device
A manual triggering device (Electrical
triggering devices), could be a “manual
discharge station” or “manual alarm station”. Figure 7 - Manual discharge station (installed on panel)
,“manual activation”, “manual extinguishing”,
“manual release” etc. Manual alarm station
Manual alarm station is used to trigger the fire
Fire gaseous fire extinguishing systems, such alarm.
manual devices should conform to:
EN12094-3 “Fixed firefighting systems -
Components for gas fire extinguishing Figure 8 - Manual alarm station
systems - Part 3: Requirements and test
methods for manual triggering and stop Electrical stop devices
devices”. Electrical stop devices can be found also with
This sets out colour requirements and the name: “disconnect switch”, “lock-off
technical specifications. It is important to be device”, “abort button”, “manual isolation
of a different colour to the normal fire alarm switch”
system, thus avoiding accidental operation of
the extinguishing system. Section 4.1.2 Electrical stop devices
As per EN12094-3: Section 4 Requirements, Electrical stop devices shall comply with EN
Section 4.1 Electrical triggering and stop 54-11, type B, except they shall be self-
devices resetting, with clear indication of the function.
This means that the component shall be
Electrical triggering devices shall comply with permanently marked, in the format of
the technical requirements of EN54-11, type B 4.7.3.2.1 of EN54-11, on the front face with
with clear indication of the function. This “EMERGENCY STOP - Gas extinguishing
means that the component shall be system”, (or in the national language(s)
permanently marked, in the format of acceptable in the country of use). The colour
4.7.3.2.1 of EN54-11, on the front face with of the component shall be blue.
“MANUAL RELEASE - Gas extinguishing
system" (or in the national language(s) Note: A suitable blue colour is also specified in ISO 3864.
BS7273-1 makes this point in connection with gaseous
acceptable in the country of use). The colour
fire protection systems saying they should be "visually
of the component shall be yellow. different". As per BS10294-3 manual triggering controls
Note: A suitable yellow colour is specified in ISO 3864. should be yellow and electrical stop controls should be
blue.
A manual discharge station is a device usually
mounted on a wall near the entrance of the
protected area which will automatically sound Figure 9 - Manual isolation switch (as per EN54-11)
an alarm and release the fire extinguishing
agent. It can be found also, on the control Standards specify the use of a System
panel. Isolation Switch.
As per EN15276 - 2, Section: 3.30 System Condensed aerosol can be used for the
Isolation Switch (lock-off device): suppression of Class A, B, C and F (as defined
The operation of the lock-off device should in EN2).
electrically isolate and put to earth each Correspondingly, condensed aerosol can be
conductor of the wiring of Condensed Aerosol used for the suppression of Class A, B, C and
Generators. K (as defined in NFPA10).
As per NFPA2010, SECTION 3.3.11 Disconnect
Switch: The disconnect switch shall interrupt NFPA10 EN2
the releasing circuit to the condensed aerosol USA Europe Fuel/Heat source
fire extinguishing system. Class A Class A Ordinary combustibles
Class B Flammable liquids
Class B
What really happens when the isolation Class C Flammable gases
switch is pressed? Class C Class A Electrical equipment
Class K Class F Cooking oil or fat
Table 1- Class of Fires
As per EN Standard
Condensed aerosol fire extinguishers and fire
EXT + extinguishing systems provide an efficient and
ZONE
- effective way of extinguishing gas and liquid
fires and burning solids, especially if the
O/C
substances are derived from hydrocarbons
(natural gas, oil products, flammable
lubricants, etc), but also boiling oils and
As per NFPA Standard
burning fats and fires in electrical equipment.
Figure 10 - Manual isolation switch
Extinguishing Agent
The condensed aerosol fire extinguishing
systems release a condensed aerosol fire
extinguishing medium, consisting of a few Figure 11 - Condensed aerosol Generator a modular device
microns in size solid particles suspended in an
atmosphere of inert gases. The condensed A condensed aerosol generator is a non-
aerosol is generated by a chemical reaction of pressurised modular device which, when
the FirePro solid compound. activated, generates a fire extinguishing
condensed aerosol.
Note: For more details see our FirePro INFORMATION,
INSTRUCTION & USER MANUAL.
Condensed aerosol generators are designed
for the suppression of fire under the following
fire classifications:
2.7 How does a properly designed Operation of a Total Flooding Condensed
Aerosol Fire Extinguishing System
condensed aerosol fire
extinguishing system operate?
Important factors when designing fire
extinguishing systems:
Early Detection & Intelligent Technology:

Install suitable technologies for the
application/risk at hand able to detect a fire
early and enable a quick response.
Double-Knock feature:
The fire extinguishing panel is programmed to Figure 12 - Zone 1 Alarm
proceed into full alarm mode only when two
detection zones are activated. For minimizing If one of the two detection zones is activated
the risk of false alarms, it is strongly adviced the fire alarm and extinguishing panel will go
that each zone uses different detection into Stage 1.
technology
At Stage 1 the following take place:
Safety precautions:
The electrical power to all electronic • Stage 1 alarm bells are activated.
equipment within the protected area shall be • The optional auto-dialler is activated and
disconnected prior to the release of the fire informs of the possibility of the presence of
extinguishing agent. a fire.
• Ventilation & air conditioning systems are
Air-handling systems, HVAC systems and powered off (Refer to Note 1 below).
ventilation systems should be shut down or
isolated prior to the release of the fire If the second of the two detection zones is
extinguishing agent. also activated the fire alarm and extinguishing
Pre-set time delay for evacuation of the panel will go into Stage 2. If this stage is
personnel (if and where applicable). reached then the system confirms the
presence of fire.
Initiate the mandatory ventilation and
cleaning procedures following agent
discharge and the elapsing of the hold time as
required by the Standards. Enter the
protected room and/or initiate cleaning
procedure only when there is no risk of re-
ignition.
Note: [For more details please refer to FirePro Manual

– Section 14. SERVER/IT ROOMS – DATA CENTERS
APPLICATION GUIDELINES AND ACCIDENTAL
ACTIVATION CONSIDERATIONS”] Figure 13 - Zone 2 Alarm
At Stage 2 the following take place:
• Stage 2 alarm sirens with flashing lights are

activated.
• Emergency power-off of electrical and
electronic systems (air conditioning,
servers, computers etc.) in the protected
area (Refer to Note 2 Below)
• Timing begins on the predetermined time-
delay before entering fire extinguishing
mode (personnel evacuate the protected
area). Figure 15 - Manual isolation
• When the predetermined time-delay

elapses the fire alarm and extinguishing
panel activates the Condensed aerosol
Example: Step by Step operation of a Total
generator/s.
Flood Fire Extinguishing System
Entry of personnel in the protected area is
not allowed during fire extinguishing agent STAGE 1 ALARM
release.
The fire extinguishing mode can be manually

enabled, at Stage 2, by pressing the Yellow
Manual Discharge Switch (applicable when
The fire extinguishing panel informs of the
the fire is present, or the fire is at an early possibility of fire.
stage, and before the system is automatically (1) Stage 1 alarm bells, auto-dialer are
activated.
activated). (2) Ventilation & Air conditioning systems
are powered off.
Figure 16 - Smoke detector activation
STAGE 1 ALARM
The fire extinguishing panel informs of the

possibility of a fire.
(1) Stage 1 alarm bells, auto-dialer are

Figure 14 - Manual activation activated.
(2) Ventilation & Air conditioning systems

The fire extinguishing mode can be manually are powered off.
disabled by pressing the Blue Manual Isolation Figure 17 - Heat detector activation
Switch. This can be used to stop the activation
of the system in case of false detection or
during events such us system maintenance,
visiting the protected area etc.
STAGE 2 ALARM
2.8 Which are the standards related
to the power-off of devices (in the
protected area) prior to the
activation of the fire extinguishing
The system confirms the presence of fire system?
and informs the personnel to evacuate the
protected area
(1) Stage 2 alarm sirens with flashing light Prior to release of the fire extinguishing agent
are activated.
the ventilation, air-conditioning and
(2) The system activates the preset period
(time delay). electronic systems (servers, computers etc.),
(3)Emergency power-off of electronic
systems eg servers, computers, in the
within the protected area must be powered
protected area. off.
Figure 18 - Smoke and Heat detector activation
Note 1
As per EN15276-2, Section: 6.3.4 Ventilation
and Services”, “page19”.
< 𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒 > Air-handling systems serving the
STAGE 2 ALARM
protected area should generally be shut down

or isolated by dampers. Where it is necessary
for air-handling systems to be kept operating
to provide cooling for equipment, particular
The preset time is activated. attention shall be paid to fire extinguishant
Entry in the protected area is prohibited quantities and discharge rates to maintain the
during activation. The Gas Release sign is
activated. desired factors.
Any services within the enclosure, such as fuel

Figure 19 – Pre-set time countdown activation valves and pumps, heating appliances and
paint sprayers which if left running would
impair the efficiency of condensed aerosol,
STAGE 2 ALARM
shall be shut down prior to or simultaneously
with the release of the fire extinguishant. <
𝑢𝑛𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒 >
As per NFPA2010, “Section 7.3.4”, “page 10-

After the preset time elapses the 13”
extinguishing panel activates the
Condensed Aerosol Generators. < 𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒 >Forced-air ventilating systems shall be
shut down or closed automatically where
their continued operation would adversely
affect the performance of the fire-
Figure 20 - Expiration of the pre-set time and release of the fire
extinguishing agent. extinguishing system or result in propagation
of the fire. < 𝑢𝑛𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒 >
As per Section 8.4.4: < 𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒 > Where

operation of the air handling system would
exhaust the agent supply, it shall be
interlocked to shut down when the shut down so that the ventilation and/or
extinguishing system is actuated. < 𝑢𝑛𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒 > blowing function of the equipment is stopped.
In this situation the fire cannot spread by
Note 2 means of extra oxygen and the extinguishing
EN 15276 - 2”, “Section: 9.2.5 Review of agent can reach the fire with guaranteed
electrical components”, “page29”. swiftness and in the desired concentration
< 𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒 > All auxiliary functions (such as alarm and extinguish it efficiently.
sounding or displaying devices, remote
annunciators, air handling shutdown, power The shutdown system for the power supply
shutdown, etc.) shall be checked for proper guarantees that there is no short circuiting
operation in accordance with system following activation. Any additional fire risk is
requirements and design specifications. prevented by the shutdown system.
< 𝑢𝑛𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒 >
< 𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒 > Where possible, all air-handling and The shutdown system for the power supply
power cut-off controls should be of the type and ventilation is connected to the fire alarm
that once interrupted require manual restart and extinguishing panel. < 𝑢𝑛𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒 >
to restore power. < 𝑢𝑛𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒 >
As per NFPA 75 Standard for the Protection
As per NFPA 2010", “Section 8.3.5.2”, “page of Information Technology Equipment.
1010-17”
< 𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒 >If possible, all air-handling and power- As per Section 8.4.2.1: < 𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒 > The power to
cutoff controls shall be of the type that, once all electronic equipment shall be
interrupted, require manual restart to restore disconnected upon activation of a gaseous
power. < 𝑢𝑛𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒 > agent total flooding system, unless the risk
considerations outlined in Chapter 4 indicate
As per “NFPA 2010", “Section 7.1.2.2” the need for continuous power.
Working plans shall be drawn to an indicated < 𝑢𝑛𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒 >
scale and shall show the following items that

As per Section 10.4.7:
pertain to the design of the system, “page
< 𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒 > Disconnecting Means. A means shall
2010-12".
be provided to disconnect power to all
electronic equipment in the information
< 𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒 >Complete
Step-by-Step description of
technology equipment room. There shall also
the system sequence of operations, including
be a similar means to disconnect the power to
functioning of abort and maintenance
all dedicated HVAC systems serving the room
disconnect switches, delay timers, and
and cause all required fire/smoke dampers to
emergency power shutdown. < 𝑢𝑛𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒 >
close. < 𝑢𝑛𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒 >
Manufacturer recommendations: “FirePro
As per Section 10.4.8
Information, Instructions & User Manual”,
< 𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒 >Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS).
“Section: 11.4 Shutdown of Energy Supply and
Unless otherwise permitted in (1) or (2), UPS
Computers”, Page 54.
systems installed within the information
< 𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒 > The
ventilation system of the room to technology room, and their supply and output
be protected must be shut down before the circuits, shall comply with 10.4.7. The
FirePro system is activated. The power supply disconnecting means shall also disconnect the
to the equipment/installation must also be battery from its load. < 𝑢𝑛𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒 >
2.9 How to maintain the operation including alarm stages and related hazards, as
well as evacuation procedures.
of the Fire Suppression System in
good working condition? The European standard “EN15276-2”, and the
NFPA2010 standard, clearly state and explain
Automatic fire extinguishing systems
in detail, on the above comments, in the
(especially the total flooding systems) must
following sections of the standards
undergo regular maintainance and testing to
respectively:
ensure personnel safety and system
effectiveness.
Standard: “EN15276-2”,
Section 5, Safety.
To ensure this you are required to:
At least semiannually,a visual inspection shall Section 10, Inspection.
be conducted to access the FirePro condensed Section 11, Maintenance.
aerosol fire suppression system’s operational Section 12, Training.
condition. Inspect each system annually, and
maintain them in good working condition. Standard: “NFPA 2010”
Test and maintenance procedures must be Section 9.1, Inspection.
conducted by competent personnel, as Section 9.2, Maintenance.
indicated in our manuals and logbook. Section 9.4, Training.
Section 9.5, Safety.
Train all employees with respect to the type of
system/s installed in the workplace, the Safety, Scope:
hazards involved, proper activation in case of Hazard to personnel, Safety precautions,
emergency, and the correct response to Normally unoccupied areas, Unoccupiable
audible and visual pre-discharge alarms. areas, Installer’s responsibility, User’s
Provide training for non-English speaking
responsibility, Electrical hazards, Electrical
employees in languages understood by them
earthing, Electrostatic discharge.
and other individuals that may be exposed to
the hazard.
Inspection, Scope:
Train employees designated to inspect, System inspection at least annually.
maintain, operate, or repair fixed
extinguishing systems. Renew their training at Maintenance, Scope:
regular intervals. Installers Service schedule and User's
programme of inspection.
The Safety Data Sheet for the fire
extinguishing agent (condensed aerosol) Training, Scope:
should be available in the workplace. It is All persons who may be expected to inspect,
important that employees know the potential test, maintain or operate fire-extinguishing
hazards of the extinguishing agents they may systems shall be
be exposed to and how to protect themselves. trained and kept adequately trained in the
functions they are expected to perform.
Additionally, employees who are likely to
Personnel working in an enclosure protected
enter such areas should receive basic level
training of the system operation principles by a condensed aerosol extinguishant shall
receive training in the operation and use of Fire Protection Test Laboratory, Budapest,
the system, in particular regarding safety Hungary. Fire Protection Conformity
issues. Certification Number: 50/47
KFI - KOREAN Accredited Institute, Product
3. Do FirePro Systems Certificate no. Sogong 15-23-1 .
comply with the standards? Marine type approvals (MED approvals)
FirePro condensed aerosol generators,
Type Approval Certificate No.
FirePro Fire Alarm and Extinguishing Panels
BSI/MED/PC/560437 (WHEELMARK), in
and FirePro Sequential Activators are UL listed
compliance with MED 2014/90/EU (MODULE
separately and certified as an integrated
D)
system.
MED TYPE-Examination (MODULE B) Type
3.1 FirePro Condensed Aerosol Approval Certificate No. BSI-A.1-3.46-560436
Generator certifications?
Marine type approvals (IACS Members)
Listings & Product Certificates
ABS Certificate of Product Design Assessment
Underwriters Laboratories of USA, UL Listing 19-GE1827109-PDA
Certificate No. 20190225-EX6960 Bureau Veritas Type Approval Certificate No.
BSI Kitemark (UKAS Product Certification) 31670/B0 BV.
Licence No. KM 547633. CRS Croatian Register of Shipping Type
ActiveFire Listing Certificate (Australia, New Approval Certificate No. 01-012789/019359
Zealand), Listing No. afp-2286 RINA Type Approval Certificate No.
KIWA - Product Certificate no. K21774 FPE096016XG.
KIWA EMC EU Type Examination Certificate – RS Type Approval Certificate 16.00094.279.

No. 192290001
Marine type approvals (Local Marine App.)
LPCB Certificate of Product Approval
Certificate no.1417a. Canada - Canada - Transports Canada, Type
GOST - Product Certificate no. Approval Certificate No. A8706-26.
C-CY ПБ04B.02061. Finland - Trafi Type Approval Certificate MKH-
GEPMI - Product Certificate no. 16-K-004.
T-10302. Certificate of Inspection and Tests issued by
Underwriters Laboratories of Canada, Listing the UK Maritime and Coastguard Agency
Certificate No. 20130430. (MCA), Ref.: MS 22/3/910.
ANPI - Belgium Accredited Institute, Netherlands ECB, Cert. No. 15-03-1995.

ANPICERT, Product Certificate no.DCE/ME RINA, Registry of Italian Navy, Italy, Approval
029-07 Certificate FPE202918XG.
Health, Safety & Environment ANPI - Belgium Accredited Institute, Test
Report No. BFS/ME/027 and Addendum No.1
Environmental Management System ISO test on running fuel-oil
14001 Certificate.
ANPI Belgium Accredited Institute, Test
FirePro (Powdered Aerosol E) has been Certificate No. BFS/ME/028 on Class F Fire
included on the U.S. Environmental (Industrial deep fryer)
Protection Agency (EPA) SNAP list of
acceptable substitutes as suitable for use in Assessment Reports – Fire Risk Assessment
“Normally Occupied Areas”. Authorities
KEMA Holland, Toxicological Report
Hughes Associates Inc. – Baltimore – USA, Due
Certificate of the National Institute of
diligence audit Report on Certifications
Hygiene, (Poland), NR. PZH/BT-3603
Record
Test Reports – Extinguishing Performance
Assessments 3.2 Which electronic systems are
compatible with FirePro?
CESI, Italian Electrotechnical Center of
Experiments, Italy, Test Report N.BC- Suitable fire alarm and extinguishing control
97/038104. panels for FirePro condensed aerosol
generator:
LPC - Loss Prevention Council, London, UK,
Performance assessment Test Certificate FirePro mainly uses customized Kentec-
South African Bureau of Standards, South FirePro control panels [Sigma-XT (EN), Sigma
Africa, Test Report No. 5409/83454/99 A-XT (UL)].
Test Certificate No. RE02113Danish Institute Kentec-FirePro Sigma XT, AXT, Elite XT
of Fire and Security Technology.
TNO, Netherlands Organization for Applied
Scientific Research. Certificate 2003-CUB-
R0098(e)
Hughes Associates Europe (KIWA Peer Figure 21 – Extinguishing Panels
Review), Test Report as per UL2127, 34.2 Class
A fire extinguishing tests, 34.2.3 Polymeric UL certifications:
material. "UOJZ.S24831", Control Units/System.
"SYZV.S24831", Control Units, Releasing
Hughes Associates Europe (KIWA Peer
Device.
Review), Test Report as per UL2127, 34.2 Class
“UOJZ.S24831”, Control Units, System
A fire extinguishing tests, Wood Crib
"UOXX.S24832", Control Unit
TNO Report 2004 -CVB-B0573/RNP/TNL Accessories/System.
IMO/MSC1007.
“File S8485, Project 12NK05018”, System
TNO Report 2004 -CVB-R0214 CEN-BRL-
compatibility report.
UL2127 Norms.
"SYSW.S24832", Accessories, Releasing
Device (Sequential Activator)
FM certifications: 4.1.2 Determine the volume of each
FM, “Report 3042979”, Fire Alarm Control section/enclosure(m3).
and Releasing panels.
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 (𝑚3 ) = 𝑳(𝑚) ∗ 𝑾(𝑚) ∗ 𝑯(𝑚)
BSI certifications: 𝐶𝑒𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 6𝑚 ∗ 3𝑚 ∗ 0.4𝑚 = 7.2𝑚3

BSI licence "Certification no. 0086-CPD- 𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑟 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 6𝑚 ∗ 3𝑚 ∗ 0.6𝑚 = 10.8𝑚3
553773”, EC-Certificate of Conformity.
4.1.3 Determine the Design Application
BSI licence "Certification no. 0086-CPR- Density (DAD) as per EN15276, of
96748”, Certificate of Constancy of condensed aerosol producing solid FirePro
Performance for Sigma XT product. Compound (FPC) required per protected
volume.
BSI, kitemark licence “km96761”
𝒎= 𝑽∗𝝆
BSI, kitemark licence “km73505“
𝒎 = 𝑽 ∗ 𝑫𝑨𝑫
𝒎 = 𝑽 ∗ (𝑬𝑨𝑫 ∗ 𝑺𝑭 ∗ 𝒇𝒂 )
4. FirePro Case Study Where:
m: Effective mass of FirePro Discharged Aerosol

4.1 Fire protection of an electrical Required (g).
room, according to EN15276 and V: Protected Volume( 𝑚3 )
ISO15779. ρ: DAD Design Application Density (g/𝑚3 )
EAD: Extinguishing Application Density (g/𝑚3 )

4.1.1 Identify the sections (volumes) of the
protected area. SF: Safety factor (30%) = 1.3)
𝒇𝒂 : Additional Design Factors (%)

The protected area is divided into three
sections/volumes:
𝐸𝑥𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑖𝑠ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦
A) Raised floor 𝑔
𝑬𝑨𝑫 ( ⁄𝑚3 ) 𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑬𝑵 𝟏𝟓𝟐𝟕𝟔 − 𝟏&𝟐
B) Room
C) Suspeded/False ceiling. EN
𝑔
European 𝑬𝑨𝑫 ( ⁄𝑚3 )
Ceiling volume 𝑔
𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑨 46 ⁄𝑚𝑒
𝑔
𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑩 52 ⁄𝑚3
Protected 𝑔
𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑪 30 ⁄𝑚3
Area Room volume
Ym
𝑔
𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑭 76 ⁄𝑚3
Table 2- EAD per Class of Fire
Floor volume 𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒎 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆:

Zm
Xm
Figure 22 – Enclosure to be protected 𝑽 = 45𝑚3

𝑔
𝑬𝑨𝑫 = 𝟒𝟔 ⁄𝑚3
𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝐴 𝐹𝑖𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑬𝑵 𝟏𝟓𝟐𝟕𝟔 − 𝟏&𝟐
𝑺𝑭: 1.3
𝑔
𝒎 = 45𝑚3 ∗ (46 ⁄𝑚3 ∗ 1.3) 𝐹𝑃500𝑆/T 500 𝑔 66 % 330 𝑔
𝑚 = 2,691(𝑔) / 𝐹𝑃1200/𝑆/𝑇/𝑇𝑆 1200 𝑔 63 % 756 𝑔
𝐹𝑃2000/𝑆/𝑇/𝑇𝑆 2000 𝑔 60 % 1200 𝑔
𝑽 = 7.2𝑚3
𝑔 𝑔 𝐹𝑃3000/𝑆/𝑇/𝑇𝑆 3000 𝑔 61 % 1830 𝑔
𝑬𝑨𝑫 ( ⁄𝑚3 ) : 46 ⁄𝑚3
𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝐴 𝐹𝑖𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑬𝑵 𝟏𝟓𝟐𝟕𝟔 − 𝟏&𝟐 𝐹𝑃4200𝑇/𝑇𝑆 4200 𝑔 60 % 2520 𝑔
𝑺𝑭: 1.3 𝐹𝑃5700/𝑆/𝑇/𝑇𝑆 5700 𝑔 59 % 3363 𝑔
𝑔
𝒎 = 7.2𝑚3 ∗ (46 ⁄𝑚3 ∗ 1.3) Table 3 – Efficiency Coefficient
𝒎 = 430.56 (𝑔)
Discharged Stream Length and Temperatures
𝑹𝒂𝒊𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝑭𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆: EN 15276-2
Dischar Discharge temp. C
𝑽 = 10.8𝑚3 ge
𝑔 𝑔
𝑬𝑨𝑫 ( ⁄𝑚3 ) : 46 ⁄𝑚3 Type Stream L1 L2 L3
𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝐴 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑬𝑵 𝟏𝟓𝟐𝟕𝟔 − 𝟏&𝟐 Length (m) (m) (m)
𝑺𝑭: 1.3 (m)
𝑔
𝒎 = 10.8𝑚3 ∗ (46 ⁄𝑚3 ∗ 1.3) 𝐹𝑃20𝑇/𝑇𝐻 1 − − 0.1
𝒎 = 645.84 (𝑔) 𝐹𝑃40𝑇 1 − − 0.15
𝐹𝑃80𝑇 2 − − 0.1
4.1.4 Select the appropriate FirePro −
𝐹𝑃100𝑆/T 1 − 0.3
condensed aerosol fire extinguishing 0.1
𝐹𝑃200𝑆/T 2 − 0.4
generators per protected section/
𝐹𝑃500𝑆/T 3 − 0.3 1
/enclosure.
𝐹𝑃1200/𝑆/𝑇/𝑇𝑆 3.5 − − 1.5
𝐹𝑃2000/𝑆/𝑇/𝑇𝑆 3.5 − − 1.5
Parameters which determine the selection of
𝐹𝑃3000/𝑆/𝑇/𝑇𝑆 4 − 0.6 2
Condensed Aerosol Generators are:
𝐹𝑃4200𝑇/𝑇𝑆 5 − 0.6 2.5
1) Stream length(𝑚) 𝐹𝑃5700/𝑆/𝑇/𝑇𝑆 8 − 0.6 2
Table 4- Discharged Stream Length and Temperatures
2) Minimum thermal clearance(𝑚)
3) Solid Mass of FPC (in grams)
𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒎 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆:
4) Efficiency Coefficient of the
manufacturer‘s generator (%) The room volume has a height of 2.5m thus
our selection must be based on Condensed
Aerosol Generators that have a stream length
Efficiency Coefficient of the manufacturer‘s longer than 2.5m.
generator (%)
EN 15276-2 Options: FP-500S, FP-1200, FP-2000,FP-3000,

Solid Effective FP-4200, FP5700.
Efficiency
Type Mass of Mass (g)
%
FPC FP-500S = 3.0𝑚, FP-1200 = 3.5𝑚,
𝐹𝑃20𝑇/𝑇𝐻 20 𝑔 60 % 14 𝑔 FP-2000 = 3.5𝑚, FP-3000 = 4.0𝑚
𝐹𝑃40𝑇 40 𝑔 62 % 24.8 𝑔 FP-4200 = 5.0𝑚, FP-5700 = 8.0𝑚
𝐹𝑃80𝑇 80 𝑔 60 % 48 𝑔
𝐹𝑃100𝑆/T 100 𝑔 61 % 61 𝑔
𝐹𝑃200𝑆/T 200 𝑔 59 % 118 𝑔
The minimum clearances required for the Selection with 1 * FP-4200 (with -6% or -171g
above selected condensed aerosol generators deficit) was rejected due to a significant
are: deficit of FPC mass.
FP-500S = 1.0𝑚, FP-1200 = 1.5𝑚
FP-2000 = 1.5𝑚, FP-3000 = 2.0𝑚 Selection with 1 * FP-5700 (with 25% or 672g
FP-4200 = 2.5𝑚, FP-5700 = 2.0𝑚 surplus) was rejected due to the surplus of
FPC mass and because of not satisfying the
Taking into account the efficiency parameter, minimum safety distances requirements.
then the nominal FPC (mass) per generator is:
Consequently, the optimal options is:
FP-500S = 330𝑔, FP-1200 = 756𝑔 (i) 1 * FP-2000 plus 2 * FP-1200 (with 1%
FP-2000 = 1200𝑔, FP-3000 = 1830𝑔 or 21g excess)
FP-4200 = 2520𝑔, FP-5700 = 3363𝑔
Using 1 * FP-2000 plus 2 * FP-1200 better
According to the above parameters the distribution of the condensed aerosol agent is
following selections are possible: achieved and the installation cost is expected to
be lower.
9 * FP-500S (with 10% or 279g surplus)
4 * FP-1200 (with 12% or 333g surplus)
2 * FP-2000 (with -11% or -291g deficit)
1 * FP-2000 plus 2 FP-1200 (with 1% or 21g
Figure 23 – Condensed Aerosol Generator
excess)
1 * FP-3000 plus 1 FP-2000 (with 13% or 339g Selection of the configuration and number of
surplus) condensed aerosol fire extinguishing
generators in the designed system must be
1 * FP-4200 (with -6% or -171g deficit)
based on a thorough and proper risk
1 * FP-5700 (with 25% or 672g surplus) assessment and on the particularities of the
protected volume which include physical
Selection with 9 * FP-500S was rejected due layout, contents, partitions, openings. It is an
to the high cost involved. essential consideration and requirement that
the selected option is in adherence to the
Selection of 4 * FP-1200 (with 12% or 333g relevant Standards. It is therefore at the
surplus) was rejected due to a significant designer’s discretion to decide which of the
surplus of FPC mass. various options is more suitable for the given
fire protection needs.
Selection with 2 * FP-2000 (with -11% or -291g
deficit) was rejected due to the deficit of FPC
𝐒𝐮𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐧𝐝𝐞𝐝/𝐅𝐚𝐥𝐬𝐞 𝐂𝐞𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐕𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐦𝐞:
mass.
The suspended/false ceiling volume has a
Selection with 1 * FP-3000 plus 1 * FP-2000
height of 0.4m. Such an area is usually
(with 13% or 339g surplus) was rejected due
crowded with ventilation systems equipment,
to a significant surplus of FPC mass and
air conditioning systems equipment, cables
because of not satisfying the minimum safety
etc.
distances requirements.
The main aim is the fast and even distribution
of the condensed aerosol thus our selection
must be based on the smaller sized condensed 4.2 Fire protection of an electrical
aerosol generators that are suited for the
room, according to NFPA 2010
confined volumes available.
standard.
Options: FP-500S, FP-200S.
4.2.1 Identify the sections /volumes /
enclosures of the protected area.
The following selection is applicable:
1 * FP-500S plus 1 * FP-200S (with 4% or 17g The protected area is divided into three
surplus) sections/volumes:
A) Raised floor
B) Room
C) Suspeded/False ceiling.
Figure 24 – Condensed aerosol generator

Ceiling volume
𝑹𝒂𝒊𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝑭𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆:
Protected
The raised floor volume has a height of 0.6m.
Area Room volume
Ym
These areas are usually crowded with cables
however due to the height of 0.6m, the larger
sized condensed aerosol generators can be
used if desired. Floor volume
Zm
Xm
The following selection is applicable: Figure 26 – Enclosure to be protected
2 * FP-500S (with 2% or 14g surplus) 4.2.2 Determine the volume of each section
/enclosure.
Ceiling volume 0.4m
Protected
Area Room volume
Ym
2.5m
Figure 25 – Condensed Aerosol Generators
Floor volume 0.6m

Zm
Xm
Figure 27 – Enclosure to be protected
𝑆𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑒 (𝑚3 ) = 𝑳(𝑚) ∗ 𝑾(𝑚) ∗ 𝑯(𝑚)
𝑅𝑜𝑜𝑚 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 6𝑚 ∗ 3𝑚 ∗ 2.5𝑚 = 45𝑚3
𝐶𝑒𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 6𝑚 ∗ 3𝑚 ∗ 0.4𝑚 = 7.2𝑚3
𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑟 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 6𝑚 ∗ 3𝑚 ∗ 0.6𝑚 = 10.8𝑚3
4.2.3 Determine the Design Application 𝑹𝒂𝒊𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝑭𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆:
Density as per NFPA2010 of condensed
𝑽(𝑚3 ) = 10.8𝑚3
aerosol required per volume.
𝑔 𝑔
𝑬𝑨𝑫 ( ⁄𝑚3 ) : 84 ⁄𝑚3 𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝐴 𝐹𝑖𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑈𝐿
𝒎 = 𝑽 ∗ 𝒅𝒂
𝑺𝑭: 1.3
𝑔
𝒎(𝑔) = 10.8𝑚3 ∗ 84 ⁄𝑚3 ∗ 1.3
𝒎 = 𝑽 ∗ 𝑬𝑨𝑫 ∗ 𝑺𝑭 ∗ 𝒇𝒂
𝒎(𝑔) = 1,179.36 (𝑔)
Where:
m: Solid mass of FirePro Compound (FPC) Required (g). 4.2.4 Select the appropriate FirePro
V: Protected Volume( 𝑚3 ) Condensed aerosol generators suitable per
protected volume.
DAD: Design Application Density (g/𝑚3 )
EAD: Extinguishing Application Density (g/𝑚3 ) Parameters which determine the selection of
SF: Safety factor (30%) = 1.3) the condensed aerosol generator:
𝒇𝒂 : Additional Design Factors (%)

1) Stream length (m)
2) Minimum thermal clearance (m)
𝐸𝑥𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑖𝑠ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐴𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐷𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 3) Solid Mass of FPC (g)
𝑔
𝑬𝑨𝑫 ( ⁄𝑚3 ) 𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑈𝐿 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑: 𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒎 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆:
UL
The room volume has a height of 2.5m thus
𝑔
American 𝑬𝑨𝑫 ( ⁄𝑚3 ) our selection must be based on the
𝑔 condensed aerosol generators that have a
𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑨 84 ⁄𝑚3
𝑔 stream length longer than 2.5m.
𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑩 84 ⁄𝑚3
𝑔
𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑪 84 ⁄𝑚3
Options: FP-500S, FP-1200, FP-2000,
Table 5- EAD per Class of Fire
FP-3000, FP-4200, FP5700.
𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒎 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆: FP-1200 = 3.5𝑚, FP-2000 = 3.5𝑚

𝑽(𝑚3 ) = 45𝑚3 FP-3000 = 3.5𝑚, FP-4200 = 5.0𝑚
𝑔 𝑔
𝑬𝑨𝑫 ( ⁄𝑚3 ) : 84 ⁄𝑚3 FP-5700 = 8.4𝑚
𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝐴 𝐹𝑖𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑈𝐿 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑 Technical Information of the manufacturer‘s
𝑺𝑭: 1.3 generator
𝑔
𝒎(𝑔) = 45𝑚3 ∗ 84 ⁄𝑚3 ∗ 1.3
UL2775
𝒎(𝑔) = 4,914.0 (𝑔)
Type Solid Mass of FPC
𝑪𝒆𝒊𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆: 𝐹𝑃20𝑇/𝑇𝐻 20 𝑔
𝐹𝑃40𝑇 40 𝑔
𝑽(𝑚3 ) = 7.2𝑚3
𝑔 𝑔 𝐹𝑃80𝑇 80 𝑔
𝑬𝑨𝑫 ( ⁄𝑚3 ) : 84 ⁄𝑚3
𝐹𝑃100𝑆/T 100 𝑔
𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝐴 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑈𝐿 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑
𝑺𝑭: 1.3 𝐹𝑃200𝑆/T 200 𝑔
𝑔
𝒎(𝑔) = 7.2𝑚3 ∗ 84 ⁄𝑚3 ∗ 1.3 𝐹𝑃500𝑆/T 500 𝑔
𝒎(𝑔) = 786.24 (𝑔) 𝐹𝑃1200/𝑆/𝑇/𝑇𝑆 1200 𝑔
𝐹𝑃2000/𝑆/𝑇/𝑇𝑆 2000 𝑔
𝐹𝑃3000/𝑆/𝑇/𝑇𝑆 3000 𝑔 1 * FP-3000 plus 1 FP-2000 (with 2% or 86g
𝐹𝑃4200𝑇/𝑇𝑆 4200 𝑔 surplus)
𝐹𝑃5700/𝑆/𝑇/𝑇𝑆 5700 𝑔 1 * FP-5700 (with 16% or 786g surplus)
Table 6 - Generator Technical Information
The suitable option is the use of 1 * FP-3000
Discharged Stream Length and Temperatures plus 1 * FP-2000 (with 2% or 86g surplus).
UL 2775
Discharge Discharge temp. C
Stream
Type L1 L2 L3
Length
(m) (m) (m) (m)
𝐹𝑃20𝑇/𝑇𝐻 1 − − − Figure 28 – Condensed aerosol generator
𝐹𝑃40𝑇 1 − − −
𝑭𝒂𝒍𝒔𝒆 𝑪𝒆𝒊𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆:
𝐹𝑃80𝑇 2 − − −
𝐹𝑃100𝑆/T 1 − − 0.2 The suspended/false ceiling volume has a
𝐹𝑃200𝑆/T 2 − − 0.3 height of 0.4m. Such an area is usually crowed
𝐹𝑃500𝑆/T 2 − 0.1 0.5 with ventilation systems equipment, air
𝐹𝑃1200/𝑆/𝑇/𝑇𝑆 3.5 − − 1.5 conditioning system equipment, cables etc.
𝐹𝑃2000/𝑆/𝑇/𝑇𝑆 3.5 − − 1.5
𝐹𝑃3000/𝑆/𝑇/𝑇𝑆 3.5 − 0.6 2 The main aim is the fast and even distribution
𝐹𝑃4200𝑇/𝑇𝑆 5 − 0.99 2.3 of the condensed aerosol thus our selection
𝐹𝑃5700/𝑆/𝑇/𝑇𝑆 8.4 − 0.6 2.3 must be based on the smaller sized condensed
Table 7 - Discharged Stream Length and Temperatures aerosol generator.
The minimum clearance for the above Options: FP-500S, FP-200S.

selected condensed aerosol generators is: The following selection is applicable:
FP-1200 = 1.5𝑚, FP-2000 = 1.5𝑚 4 * FP-200S (with 2% or 14g excess)

FP-3000 = 2.0𝑚, FP-4200 = 2.3𝑚
FP-5700 = 2.0𝑚
The nominal condensed aerosol (in mass) per

condensed aerosol generators is: Figure 29 – Condensed Aerosol Generator
FP-1200 = 1200𝑔, FP-2000 = 2000𝑔 𝑹𝒂𝒊𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝑭𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆:

FP-3000 = 3000𝑔, FP-4200 = 4200𝑔
The raised floor volume has a height of 0.6m.
FP-5700 = 5700𝑔
These areas are usually crowded with cables
however due to the height of 0.6m, the bigger
According to the above parameters the
sized condensed aerosol generators can be
following selections are possible:
used if desired.
5 * FP-1200 (with 22% or 1086g surplus)
3 * FP-2000 (with 22% or 1086g surplus) The following selection is applicable:
2 * FP-3000 (with 22% or 1086g surplus) 2 * FP-500S plus 1 * FP-200S (with 2% or 21g
surplus)
1 * FP-1200 (with 2% or 21g surplus) monitoring equipment. By selecting the
appropriate jumper link arrangement, it is
possible to signal an addressable input
module via a simple, 2 wire connection.
Figure 30 – Condensed aerosol generators MODEL FPC-2
4.3 Case study: Electrical Fires by Live Indication YES
using the FPC-2 unit. Alarm Indication YES

Fault Indication YES
The following example is as per EN Class A No. of Generators 4 maximum
(Combustible solids / Electrical fires) or NFPA Sensors Detector,LHD Cable, MCP
Class C (Electrical energised fires). Power External Power Supply
Dry Contacts Yes, Alarm, Fault
The FirePro FPC-2 Panel Protection Controller
Table 8 - FPC-2 Technical Information
enables monitoring detection and automatic
extinguishing of a fire in an electrical cabinet Typical System Design:
using linear heat detection cable or automatic
smoke detectors and FirePro condensed
aerosol generator.
The FPC-2 has one detection input for

connection of the linear heat detection cable,
smoke detectors or a combination of both the
integrity of which for (disconnection of the
detection devices) is monitored.
Four outputs are provided for the connection

of FirePro condensed aerosol generators and
disconnection of any one or more of these will
signal a fault condition on the control panel Figure 32 – FPC-2 System
Typical System Application:
Figure 31 - FPC-2 Module
The FPC-2 requires a battery-backed 24V DC

power supply capable of delivering 3A for a
short time period in order to operate the
condensed aerosol generators. Terminals are
provided for incoming and outgoing
connection of the 24V DC power supply.
Volt free contacts are available to signal fire

and fault conditions to plant or other Figure 33 – FPC-2 System Installation
4.4 Case study: Electrical fire In case of fire, the LHD cable at the specified
alarm temperature melts and the two wires
involving LHD cable and power
within the it come into contact with each
supply. other (closing the circuit)
The following example is as per EN Class A Condensed Aerosol Fire Extinguishing Unit
(Combustible solids / Electrically energised LHD cable
2
0
0
fires) or NFPA Class C (Electrically energised
fires).
Power supply
In this example, the following three devices/
Figure 36
components used are independently certified OR
by international bodies such as UL / EN / FM /
Condensed Aerosol Fire Extinguishing Unit
BSI etc. LHD cable
2
0
0
1) LHD cable.
2) Power Supply. Power supply
3) Condensed aerosol generator. Figure 37
These three devices can be interfaced Since the two wires of the LHD cable come
together because the Linear Heat Detector into contact, voltage (positive +) connected to
cable (LHD) characteristics allow it to be used the second wire of the LHD cable will be
as detector and a switch at the same time. delivered (from the power supply) to the
condensed aerosol generators, triggering
The negative (-) wire from the power supply is activation of the condensed aerosol
connected directly to one of the two wires of generators.
the condensed aerosol generator/s (electrical
activator). Typical System Design:
The positive (+) wire from the power supply is

connected to one of the two wires of the LHD
cable. The second wire of the LHD cable is
connected to the second wire of the
condensed aerosol generator/s.

LHD cable Figure 38 - Typical System
2
0
0

Power supply
Figure 34
OR

LHD cable
2
0
0
Power supply
Figure 35
Figure 39 - Typical System Installation
4.5 Case study: Electrical fire where Typical System Design:
FPC-4R unit/s are installed.
Following the comments on section "4.4
Electrical case study example with LHD cable
and power supply", the challenge is, if it is
possible to minimise the size of this stand-
alone system.
The only component to be replaced is the

power source and this can be achieved by
using a battery. Figure 41 - FPC-4R System
Subject to being able to replace the electrical Typical System Design:

connectors by using electronic connectors
and to solder these on an electronic PCB and
mount on a metal box.
The end result will be the FPC-4R unit. FirePro

FPC-4R
ver.2
FirePro
FPC-4R
ver.2
Extinguish Control Module Extinguish Control Module
FirePro
FPC-4R
Ver.3
Extinguish Control Module
Figure 42 - FPC-4R multi-configuration System

Figure 40 - FPC-4R Module with metal and plastic enclosures
MODEL FPC-4R
Live Indication Yes, External Power Supply
Alarm Indication NO
Fault Indication NO
No. of Generators 2 maximum
Sensors LHD Cable, MCP
External Power Supply,
Power
Battery Operated
Dry Contacts Yes,
Table 9 - FPC-4R Technical Information
Figure 43- FPC-4R System Installation
4.6 Case study: Electrical fire where Typical System Assembly:
FPC-5 unit/s are installed.
Following the comments in section "4.5
Electrical case study example with FPC-4RM
unit", the challenge was to use the same
principle and develop a stand-alone
condensed aerosol generator, that does not
need any cables, electrical connections, wiring
sensors and power supply etc.
This is achieved with the FPC-5 unit.
Figure 44 - FPC-5 module
As can be seen from the below table, the FPC-

5 consists of a heat sensor (bimetallic
component), a small battery, an electronic
PCB for mounting the electronic components
and a metallic cylindrical housing that holds all
components together, forming in this way a
complete unit.
Figure 45 - FPC-5 module
MODEL FPC-5
Monitoring Battery Life Indicator Typical System Application:

Alarm Indication NO
Fault Indication NO
No. of Generators 1 maximum
Sensors LHD Cable, Bimetallic Sensor
Power Battery Operated
Dry Contacts NO
Table 10 - FPC-5 Technical Information
Figure 46 - FPC-5 system installation
4.7 Case study: Bulb Thermal 4.8 Substituting with magnets the
Actuator (BTA) - Mechanical bolts & screws used for mounting
Protection Controller the FirePro condensed aerosol
generator.
The FirePro BTA controller allows detection
and automatic activation of the fire Switching off power to carry out works (e.g.
extinguishing condensed aerosol generator in drilling) for the installation of the condensed
an enclosure with the use of a Bulb thermal aerosol generators in electrical cabinets may
sensor at a pre-selected temperature. No be prohitive.
electrical power is required.
To overcome this issue strong magnets
The thermal actuator consists of (a)thermo substitute the screws necessary for
lock with glass retort, (b) spring transmission installing/fixing the cylindrical FirePro
of percussive mechanism, which initiates the condensed aerosol generator.
capsule, (c) safety ring and pin during
transportation. Typical System Assembly:
When the designed operational temperature

is reached, the liquid within the bulb expands
until the glass bulb is shattered. This causes
the thermal mechanism to actuate the built-in
chemical compound, providing the thermal
energy needed for the activation of the FPC
solid compound in the condensed aerosol
generator.
Figure 49 – Magnets Installation on Brackets
Typical System:
Figure 47 – BTA module
Figure 50 – Condensed aerosol generator holds without

screws
Figure 48 – BTA installation
3 0.475% - 1% 50% 2 min after first
5. Condensed Aerosol release
4 >1% N.A. N.A
Leakage Compensation
Table 12: System Design Decisions based on Leakage Area to
Volume Ratio
For the fire protection of an enclosure,
account must be taken of the openings from To further minimise the need for additional
where the released fire extinguishing agent quantities of the fire extinguishing agent,
can leak. FirePro introduced the "LPS" (Leakage
Prevention System) along with the agent
Following a series of tests and expetiments
leakage calculations.
with KIWA, FirePro has obtained a Declaration
of Conformity based on the ISO15779 According to the results of the FirePro
requirements. The declaration states that Research & Development program, the
0.17% is the maximum leakage area to volume following three scenarios are most likely to
ratio for ensuring the 10-minute minimum occur. These scenarios can be
hold time (as required by ISO, NFPA & CEN counterbalanced using one of the following
standards). Three consecutive tests (as methods:
required by ISO15779) were successfully
completed using the normal extinguishing • By introducing an additional quantity of fire
application density. extinguishing agent.
Listing According to
ISO 15779
Leakage
to
Hold
Time
Test
Room
Density
• By making use of the FirePro automated
and EN volume "LPS" (Leakage Prevention System).
EN2 Test
15276-1 ratio
In % In In m3 In
• By combining the 2 methods mentioned
minutes gr/m3 above together (additional agent quantity +
- Hold D.7 in ISO
LPS).
Time 15779
0.17 10 105.4 75
A7 in EN
15276 Scenario 1: A completely open area and no
Table 11: Extract from KIWA Declaration of Conformity "LPS", will be used.
based on the test requirements of ISO15779.
The above table illustrates that an enclosure

of 105.4 m3 with a total leakage area of
0.18m2 (60cm*30cm), will not need any
additional aerosol density to compensate the
agent loss in order to effectively extinguish
the fire.
Based on this test and on a series of other in- Figure 51 – Open Area
house tests executed by using different

• Calculate the cubic volume of the enclosure.
configurations (volumes, leakage areas) the
• Calculate the square meters of the total
FirePro R&D team has set out the following
leakage area.
guidelines:
• To calculate the square metres of the total
Leakage Area (𝒎𝟐 ) to Additional Time to release leakage area multiply the length (m) by the
# Enclosure Volume density the additional width (m) of the open area.
(𝒎𝟑 ) Ratio (g/𝒎𝟑 ) density
1 <0.17% 0% N.A. • Enter the data in the software calculation
2 0.171% - 0.474% 30% 4 min after first tool, provided by FirePro and find the
release
additional condensed aerosol in mass to be additional condensed aerosol in mass to be
added. added.
Example: Example (1):
𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎: 𝑿 = 𝟎. 𝟔𝒎, 𝒀 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝒎 𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎: 𝑿 = 𝟐𝒎, 𝒀 = 𝟐𝒎
𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 0.18 𝑚2 𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟: 𝑋1 + 𝑋2 + 𝑌1 + 𝑌2
𝐸𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒: 105.4 𝑚3 𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟: 2𝑚 + 2𝑚 + 2𝑚 + 2𝑚
𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑡𝑜 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 = 𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 8𝑚
𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑚2
∗ 100 =
𝐸𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑚3 𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎(𝑋𝑎) = 𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟
0.18 𝑚2 𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎(𝑌𝑏) = 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙
∗ 100 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟕%
105.4 𝑚3
𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 𝑋𝑎 ∗ 𝑌𝑏 = 8𝑚 ∗ 0.02𝑚
As per table 12, no additional density is
𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 0.16 𝑚2
required.
Scenario 2: A completely open area and the 𝐸𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒: 𝟏𝟎𝟓. 𝟒 𝒎𝟑

"LPS" will be used. 𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑡𝑜 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 =
In this scenario, we assume that: 𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑚2

∗ 100 =
𝐸𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑚3
a) the "LPS" will not completely (100%) seal 0.16 𝑚2
∗ 100 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟓%
105.4 𝑚3
the perimeter of the open area
Although the open area is greater 2m*2m,
b) there will be a distance of 2 cm between the
relative to scenario 1 and because flexible
wall and the flexible roller shutter.
roller shutters are used, the leakage area is
much smaller.

required.
Example (2):
𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎: 𝑿 = 𝟑. 𝟓𝒎, 𝒀 = 𝟑. 𝟓𝒎
Figure 52 – "LPS" installed above the Open Area 𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟: 𝑋1 + 𝑋2 + 𝑌1 + 𝑌2
𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 14𝑚

• To find the square meters of the leakage
𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎(𝑋𝑎) = 𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟
area, firstly measure the perimeter of the
open area in meters (X m). 𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎(𝑌𝑏) = 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙
• Then multiply the perimeter (X m) of the 𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 𝑋𝑎 ∗ 𝑌𝑏 = 14𝑚 ∗ 0.02𝑚

open area by 0.02 meters (as we assumed 2 𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 0.28 𝑚2
cm distance from the wall).
𝐸𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒: 𝟏𝟓𝟎. 𝟎 𝒎𝟑
• Enter the data in the software calculation
tool, provided by FirePro and find the 𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑡𝑜 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 =
∗ 100 =
𝐸𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑚3 • To find the square meters of the leakage
0.28 𝑚2
∗ 100 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟖𝟔% area, firstly measure the perimeter of the
150.0 𝑚3
open area in meters (X m).
As per table 12, an additional density of 30% • Then multiply the perimeter (X m) of the
is required to be released after 4 minutes as a open area by 0.01 meters (as we assumed 1
second discharge. cm distance from the wall).
• Enter the data in the software calculation
Find the Agent mass of the first release: tool, provided by FirePro and find the
𝑔 additional condensed aerosol in mass to be
𝑚(𝑔) = 𝑉(𝑚3 ) ∗ 𝑑𝑎 ( ⁄𝑚3 ) ∗ 𝑓𝑎
added.
𝑔
𝑚(𝑔) = 150(𝑚3 ) ∗ 75 ( ⁄𝑚3 )
Example:
𝑚(𝑔) = 11.250𝑔 𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎: 𝑿 = 𝟒. 𝟓𝒎, 𝒀 = 𝟒. 𝟓𝒎
Find the Agent mass of the second release: 𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟: 𝑋1 + 𝑋2 + 𝑌1 + 𝑌2
𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 18𝑚

𝑚(𝑔) = 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒 ∗ 30%
𝑚(𝑔) = 11.250𝑔 ∗ 30% 𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎(𝑋𝑎) = 𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟

𝑚(𝑔) = 3.375𝑔 𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎(𝑌𝑏) = 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙
Note: 𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 𝑋𝑎 ∗ 𝑌𝑏 = 18𝑚 ∗ 0.01𝑚
M(g) used in the above calculations corresponds to 𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 0.18 𝑚2
Effective mass of FirePro Discharged Aerosol as the
calculations are indicative as per EN15276, for Class A
compatible wood grib. 𝐸𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒: 𝟏𝟎𝟓. 𝟒 𝒎𝟑
𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑡𝑜 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 =

Scenario 3: An open area covered with louvers
and the use of "LPS". ∗ 100 =
𝐸𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑚3
In this scenario the louvers and the flexible 0.18 𝑚2
∗ 100 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟕%
105.4 𝑚3
roller shutter will completely (100%) seal the
perimeter of the open area. However, due to Although the open area is much greater
some expected aerosol leakages for safety 4.5m*4.5m, relative to the scenario 1&2 and
and for calculation reasons, we assume that because the flexible roller shutter and the
there will be a distance of 1 cm between the louvers are used, the leakage area is much
wall and the flexible roller shutter. smaller.

required.
Figure 53 – "LPS" installed above the Open Area that has

louvres
Figure 54– "LPS" in open position
6. ATEX Series Condensed
Aerosol Generators
Operating in environments that are
Figure 57 – "ATEX" Zones
potentially explosive due to dust or gas
hazards, poses a risk for humans, Zone 0: an area in which an explosive gas
infrastructures & the environment. To atmosphere is present continuously or for
long periods or frequently
minimize the risk of accidents, specific
requirements are enforced for equipment and Zone 20: a place in which an explosive dust
protective systems intended for use in atmosphere in the form of a cloud of dust in
potentially explosive atmospheres. air, is present continuously or for long periods
or frequently
EN 60079-10-1 and EN 60079-10-2 provide
Zone 1: an area in which an explosive gas
criteria for the classification of hazardous
atmosphere is likely to occur in normal
areas in relation to chemical, physical operation occasionally
characteristics and quantity of the substances
used, as well as a function of frequency and of Zone 21: a place in which an explosive dust
the time period in which such mixture may be atmosphere in the form of a cloud of dust in
air, is likely to occur in normal operation
present (refer to figure below). The user, or
occasionally
his representative, is required to make
UNDER HIS OWN RESPONSIBILITY the Zone 2: an area in which an explosive gas
assessment of the zones type. atmosphere is not likely to occur in normal
operation but, if does occur will persist for a
short period only
Zone 22: a place in which an explosive dust

atmosphere in the form of a cloud of dust in
air, is not likely to occur in normal operation
but, if does occur will persist for a short
period only.
ATEX Series Condensed Aerosol Generators

Type Solid Mass of FPC
FP-100EX 100 𝑔
Figure 55 – "ATEX"Condensed Aerosol Generators FP-200EX 200 𝑔
FP-500EX 500 𝑔
FP-1200EX 1200 𝑔
FP-2000EX 2000 𝑔
FP-3000EX 3000 𝑔
Figure 56 – "ATEX"Groups FP-4200EX 4200 𝑔
Devices used in ATEX environments should be tested FP-5700EX 5700 𝑔

Table 12- ATEX Series Generators
and certified as per Directive 2014/34/EU and the
corresponding ATEX Zone. To determine the Design Application Density
of the condenced aerosol, refer to the related
calculation method based on the design
protocol used.
Where:
7. ATM Series Condensed
m: Solid mass of FirePro Compound (FPC) Required (g).
Aerosol Generators V: Protected Volume( 𝑚3 )
Seeing the increasing number of reports of DAD: Design Application Density (g/𝑚3 )
incidents of vandalism worldwide and theft
concerning ATMs, we recognized the need to Inerting the explosive atmosphere
develop and offer to the market an ATM- Minimum Design Application
𝑔
Density (g/m3) 𝐷𝐴𝐷 ( ⁄𝑚3 )
Explosion Prevention System with a specific
focus on counteracting the gas attack Propane: As per UL listing: Protocol, 𝑔
109.2 ⁄𝑚3
method. These incidents involve the creation Pyrotechnic Containment Test.
of an explosive atmosphere by injecting Acetylene: As per Albarubens 𝑔
921 ⁄𝑚3
through openings in the ATM a combustible report.
gas, such as Acetylene or Propane Butane Table 13- minimum DAD
mixture. By providing an ignition source, an ATM Series Condensed Aerosol Generators

explosion occurs that in most cases severely Solid Mass of FPC
Type
damages the ATM and violently expels the
contents within. FP-100T(2G-EX) 100 𝑔
The solution to the above-described issue is FP-200T(2G-EX) 200 𝑔

the ATM - Explosion Prevention System, FP-500T(2G-EX) 500 𝑔
consisting mainly of FirePro Condensed Table 13- ATM Series Generators
Aerosol Generators, a Gas Detection System
and a Control Module. Additionally, the ATM- Typical System Application with Acetylen
Explosion Prevention System is equipped with detector:
a linear heat detection cable that can activate G709PT-2-RL
the FirePro Condensed Aerosol Generators in Gas Detector
all other fire scenarios.

Unit 1 Aerosol Generator
Unit 1
FirePro
FPC-4R
Linear Heat Detector
ver.2
Cable
FPC-4R
Control Module
Power Supply 24V DC
G709PT-2-RL
240VAC
+ 12V/7Ah - + 12V/7Ah -
Battery Battery
Power Supply
24V/2.5A
External Power Supply Aerosol Generator

Gas Detector
with Backup Batteries Unit 2
Unit 2
Figure 60 – "ATM" Acetyle detector
Typical System Application with Propane

Figure 58 – "ATM" Aerosol Generators detector:
LPG Detector
BS685-LPG
Gas Detector
Unit 1 Aerosol Generator
Unit 1
Figure 59 – "ATM" Groups

FirePro
FPC-4R
Linear Heat Detector
ver.2
Cable
FPC-4R
Control Module
7.1 Determine the Design Application Power Supply 24V DC
LPG Detector
BS685-LPG
Density of condensed aerosol required per

240VAC
+ 12V/7Ah - + 12V/7Ah -
Battery Battery
Power Supply
24V/2.5A
volume. External Power Supply

with Backup Batteries
Gas Detector
Unit 2
Aerosol Generator
Unit 2
Figure 61 – "ATM" Propane detector

[17] BS5839, Fire detection and fire alarm systems for buildings
8. Reference List Part 1: Code of practice for system design, installation,
commissioning and maintenance
[1] EN ISO 9001, Quality management systems – Requirements
(ISO 9001). Part 6: Code of practice for the design, installation and
maintenance of fire detection and fire alarm systems in
[2] EN 2:1992, Classification of fires.
dwellings
[3] EN12094, Fixed firefighting systems - Components for fire
[18] ISO3864-1, Graphical symbols -- Safety colours and safety
extinguishing systems - Part 1: Requirements and test methods
signs -- Part 1: Design principles for safety signs and safety
for electrical automatic control and delay devices.
markings
[4] EN12094, Fixed firefighting systems - Components for gas
[19] EN60079-10-1 and EN60079-10-2 Explosive atmospheres
extinguishing systems - Part 3. Requirements and test methods
for manual triggering and stop devices. [20] NFPA10 Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers
[5] ISO15779, Condensed aerosol fire extinguishing systems --

Requirements and test methods for components and system
Note:
design, installation and maintenance -- General requirements.
Always referring to the latest versions of the above standards
[6] UL2775, Standard for Fixed Condensed aerosol Extinguishing
System Units.
[7] EN15276-1, Fixed firefighting systems – Condensed aerosol
extinguishing systems – Part 1: Requirements and test methods
for components.
9. More Literature
[8] EN15276-2, Fixed firefighting systems – Condensed aerosol [1] EN, FirePro INFORMATION, INSTRUCTION & USER MANUAL.
extinguishing systems – Part 2: Design, installation and
maintenance. • Appendix - 1, “Aerosol Generators Installation Drawings”.
• Appendix - 2, “System Solutions”.
[9] UL864, Control Units and Accessories for Fire Alarm Systems. • Appendix - 3, “Internal Enclosures Protection Generators
[10] NFPA 2010, Standard for Fixed Aerosol Fire-Extinguishing Positioning”.
Systems. • Appendix – 4, “Installation Guideline &Wiring Connection to
Aerosol Generators including earthing”.
[11] NFPA75, Standard for the Protection of Information • Appendix – 5, “Large Generators Installation Guidelines”.
Technology Equipment. • Appendix – 6, “Fire Extinguishing System Log Book”.
[12] NFPA72, National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code. • Appendix – 7, “ “Server/IT Rooms - Data Centres Application
Guidelines and Accidental Activation Considerations”.
[13] NFPA70, Standard for the National Electrical Code.
• ANNEX 1,”MARINE MANUAL” (in accordance to the
[14]EN54, Fire detection and fire alarm systems. MSC1/Circ.1270).
• ANNEX 2, MARINE MANUAL” (in accordance to the Small
Part 2. Control and indicating equipment.
Part 3: Fire alarm devices-Sounders.
Vessels Codes).
Part 4: Power supply equipment.
[2] UL, FirePro Information, Instruction & User Manual.
Part 5: Heat detectors. Point detectors.
Part 6: Heat detectors. Rate-of-Rise point detectors. [3] KIWA, FirePro Information, Instruction & User Manual.
Part 7: Smoke detectors.
Part 10: Flame detectors. [4] FirePro, Partners Network, Section Engineering
Part 11: Manual call points.
[5] Guideline, “FirePro Leakage Compensation.
Part 12: Smoke detectors-Line detectors.
Part 13: Compatibility assessment of system Components. [6] Guideline, “Technical guidelines for the prevention of EMI
Part 14: Guidelines for planning, design, installation, commissioning, signals in Fixed Fire Fighting Systems”.
use and maintenance.
Part 17: Short-circuit isolators. [7] Installation Guideline, “Leakage Prevention System”.
Part 18: Input/output devices.
part 20 Aspirating smoke detector [8] Guideline, “Electrical Safety at Work”.
part 22 Line type heat detectors
[9] Design, Installation & Maintenance Manual Use Of Firepro
part 23 Visual alarms.
part 27 Duct smoke detectors
Condensed Aerosol Generators In Explosion Prevention
Applications
[15] BS10294-3, Fire-resistance tests. Fire dampers for air
distribution systems guidance on the test method.
[16] BS7273-1, Code of practice for the operation of fire
protection measures Electrical actuation of gaseous total
flooding extinguishing systems
DISCLAIMER
FirePro Systems makes no representations or warranties of any kind, either express or implied,
statutory or otherwise, including but not limited to warranties of merchantability, fitness for a
particular purpose, of title, or of non-infringement of third party rights, including the intellectual
property rights of others.
Any information provided by FirePro Systems, relevant to the system engineering of the project is
indicative and for guidance purposes only.
ompatible with the

equipment used in the system. Furthermore, the responsibility for the preparation and/ or approval
of a project, subject to its specifications/ technical features and its related documentation, designs
or drawings adherence (e.g. design documentation, construction, as-built drawings, circuit
diagram, cable lengths and voltage drop calculations, etc.) to local, national and international laws
and regulations, falls entirely within the scope of the contractor/ consultant assigned for the
installation and commissioning.
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
In no event, regardless of cause, shall FirePro Systems be liable for any indirect, special,
incidental, punitive or consequential damages of any kind, whether arising under breach of
contract, tort (including negligence), strict liability or otherwise, even if advised of the possibility of
such damages.
NOTE
FirePro is constantly updating its products and systems to the state of the art and therefore
reserves the right to make changes in design, equipment and technology. You cannot
therefore base any claims on the data, illustrations or descriptions contained in this literature.
FirePro Systems
8 Faleas Street, Agios Athanasios Industrial Area, CY-4101 Limassol, Cyprus - EU
FPC-
Tel.: +357 25 379999 | Fax: +357 25 354432 | Email: mail@firepro.com 1|Page
www.firepro.com

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Technical Guidelines

Issue February 2020

FPC-4RV3 “Operation and User Manual”, Issue May 2018 1|Page

3. Do FirePro Systems comply with the standards? ................................................. 16

4. FirePro Case Study ............................................................................................. 18

5. Condensed Aerosol Leakage Compensation ........................................................ 29

This guide, provides an overview on the design, implementation and use of

When designing/specifying a condensed

CEN: Is a non-profit making organisation whose mission

UL: Is a safety consulting and certification

NFPA: It is a US organization having international

EN12094: Fixed fire fighting systems - EN15276-1: Fixed fire-fighting systems -

EN12094 Scope: This European Standard EN15276-1 scope: Specifies requirements

In normally occupied areas, time delay

• Activate a pre-discharge alarm • to avoid unnecessary exposure of people

Any approved devices, or combination of

Figure 10 - Manual isolation switch

Early Detection & Intelligent Technology:

Note: [For more details please refer to FirePro Manual

• Stage 2 alarm sirens with flashing lights are

• When the predetermined time-delay

The fire extinguishing mode can be manually

Figure 16 - Smoke detector activation

The fire extinguishing panel informs of the

(1) Stage 1 alarm bells, auto-dialer are

(2) Ventilation & Air conditioning systems

protected area should generally be shut down

Any services within the enclosure, such as fuel

As per NFPA2010, “Section 7.3.4”, “page 10-

As per Section 8.4.4: < 𝑞𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑒 > Where

scale and shall show the following items that

KIWA EMC EU Type Examination Certificate – RS Type Approval Certificate 16.00094.279.

ANPI - Belgium Accredited Institute, Netherlands ECB, Cert. No. 15-03-1995.

BSI certifications: 𝐶𝑒𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 6𝑚 ∗ 3𝑚 ∗ 0.4𝑚 = 7.2𝑚3

4. FirePro Case Study Where:

m: Effective mass of FirePro Discharged Aerosol

room, according to EN15276 and V: Protected Volume( 𝑚3 )

ISO15779. ρ: DAD Design Application Density (g/𝑚3 )

EAD: Extinguishing Application Density (g/𝑚3 )

𝒇𝒂 : Additional Design Factors (%)

Floor volume 𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒎 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆:

Figure 22 – Enclosure to be protected 𝑽 = 45𝑚3

EN 15276-2 Options: FP-500S, FP-1200, FP-2000,FP-3000,

Figure 24 – Condensed aerosol generator

𝑹𝒂𝒊𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝑭𝒍𝒐𝒐𝒓 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆:

The following selection is applicable: Figure 26 – Enclosure to be protected

Ceiling volume 0.4m

Floor volume 0.6m

Figure 27 – Enclosure to be protected

𝑆𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑒 (𝑚3 ) = 𝑳(𝑚) ∗ 𝑾(𝑚) ∗ 𝑯(𝑚)

𝑅𝑜𝑜𝑚 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 6𝑚 ∗ 3𝑚 ∗ 2.5𝑚 = 45𝑚3

𝐶𝑒𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 6𝑚 ∗ 3𝑚 ∗ 0.4𝑚 = 7.2𝑚3

𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑟 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 6𝑚 ∗ 3𝑚 ∗ 0.6𝑚 = 10.8𝑚3

𝒇𝒂 : Additional Design Factors (%)

𝑹𝒐𝒐𝒎 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆: FP-1200 = 3.5𝑚, FP-2000 = 3.5𝑚

𝐹𝑃20𝑇/𝑇𝐻 1 − − − Figure 28 – Condensed aerosol generator

The minimum clearance for the above Options: FP-500S, FP-200S.

FP-1200 = 1.5𝑚, FP-2000 = 1.5𝑚 4 * FP-200S (with 2% or 14g excess)