FXB-X03201 User Manual
FXB-X03201 User Manual
Gasoline-Electric
Hybrid Engine
Training Bench
(Toyota Prius)
User Manual
User Manual
www.fxbgroup.cn
User Manual
Contents
Chapter I Preface...............................................................................................1
1.1 Overview of Product..............................................................................1
1.2 Product Functions and Features...........................................................1
1.3 Technical Parameter..............................................................................2
1.4 Main constituent components (For each unit)......................................2
Chapter II Precautions & Operation Steps........................................................5
2.1 Precautions before usage.....................................................................5
2.2 Operation Steps.....................................................................................6
Chapter III Lecture of Gasoline-Electric Hybrid Engine...................................11
3.1 Introduction for the hybrid system.......................................................11
3.2 Series parellel hybrid power distribution mechanism..........................12
3.3 Gasoline and Electricity hybrid system combination mode.................12
3.4 Hybrid power transmission route.........................................................14
3.5 Gasoline and Electricity hybrid system operating state......................17
3.6 Hybrid components recognition...........................................................21
3.7 Sensor cognition..................................................................................26
Chapter IV Training Course Explanation.........................................................32
4.1 Experiment purpose............................................................................32
4.2 Experimental apparatus......................................................................32
4.3 Fault analysis and elimination.............................................................32
4.4 Fault point description.........................................................................63
4.5 Circuit Diagram of Gasoline-Electric Hybrid Engine Training Bench
(Please check the circuit diagram in attachment).....................................66
Chapter V Appendix A......................................................................................67
Specific Meaning for Circuit Terminal Description.....................................67
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Chapter I Preface
The device is designed based on the Toyota Prius's gasoline and electricity
hybrid power engine to simulate engine startup, speedup, slowdown and other
actions with the aim of illustrating the structure and working principle of
gasoline and electricity hybrid power engine.
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Detection and control panel (With various detection terminals and a color
circuit diagram), A full set of meters, Engine ECU, Automatic transmission
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control unit (ECU), Hybrid power control unit (ECU), Accumulator control unit
(ECU), Power control unit (ECU), Anti-theft control unit (ECU), Multi-functional
display screen, OBD II Diagnosis socket, One-key startup switch, Keyhole,
Gateway, Transducer, High-voltage accumulator, High-voltage cable, Braking
power, P gear switch, EV mode switch, Electronic transmission bridge, Semi-
axis braking system, Fuel pressure meter, Vacuum pressure meter, Gasoline
engine assembly, MG1, MG2, Fuel tank, Gasoline feed pump (including the
plug), Throttle controller, Inlet and exhaust pipes (including protection covers),
Water tank (including the stainless-steel protection cover), Cooling fan,
Accumulator, Relay, Fuses, Master power switch, Tablet PC, Movable
framework (with lockable casters)
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power(BATT) fuse
S13 Fuel pump relay, ECU, hybrid ECU, 7.5A
dashboard, brake switch, automatic
transmission control unit, accumulator ECU
power(IG) fuse
S14 Multi-function display screen, Air conditioning 7.5A
EUC(IG) fuse
S15 Dashboard power(IG) fuse 10A
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Steps
2. This machine is not equipped with anti-freeze fluid and fuel which can be
prepared as per specific environment of each area.
5. While the engine is under high temperature, close attention should be paid
to the normal running of cooling fan. If it is not running, shut the engine off and
check and maintain relevant circuits of cooling fan. In case of scalding, do
not touch the water pipe and exhaust pipe when the engine is in high
temperature.
8. Cut off the power supply while not using the bench and keep the
experimental bench free from water and dust.
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10. When using the diagnostic instrument / scanner to clear the fault, if the
fault code cannot be cleared, turn off the ignition switch, disconnect the main
power switch for a while, and start again.
2. The trainees can learn with the objects on the experimental bench in
comparison with circuit diagram on the plate and try to master the operating
principles of the fuel-electric hybrid power engine and the air conditioning
system.
3. Insert the key and press the engine starting switch for switchover among
OFF, ACC, IG-ON and READY. The vehicle will put into gear and drive only
when “READY” light of the instrument is on.
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4. Check the gear indicator light of the instrument panel works normally: step
on the brake and operate the shift level to shift the Gears P, R, N, D and B
gradually; at the time, the gear indicator lights in the instrument panel shall be
on accordingly.
5. In case of Gear D and in idling, the HV battery provides power to drive the
motor to run when the electric quantity of the HV battery is sufficient, and the
engine provides power to drive the motor to run when the electric quantity of
the HV battery is insufficient. For accelerated running, stamp the accelerator
pedal to increase the rotating speed and loads increase and at the time
engine and HV battery drive the motor together to meet running of high loads.
For slow-down, the engine stops and wheels drive motor to charge the HV
battery; the state is called energy recycling.
6. Check various signal parameters and wave forms while running the engine:
trainees may use multimeter, oscilloscope and other equipment to detect
circuit of the bench, thus learning circuit detection of automobile. Use
multimeter to detect computer terminals and circuit terminal components of
motor on the bench panel, such as various sensors and actuators for voltage,
current, resistance, frequency and other signal parameters, and use
oscilloscope to measure circuit waveforms of various sensors and actuators,
and high-voltage wave form of the ignition part; thus learning engine circuit
detection. Compare results with those in relevant maintenance manual to see
whether those parameters and waveforms are up to the standard.
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8. The teacher uses the tablet to perform fault setting and fault clearing.
Students use multimeter for detect voltage and resistance to find the faults.
9. Fault-setting
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10. After finishing the normal use and experiments, please turn off the ignition
key and battery main switch, and pay attention to the waterproof and
dustproof of the training bench.
Hybrid Engine
The gasoline and electricity hybrid system is the new generation of power
system integrating advantages of both electric motor and fuel engine and
consists of the engine, electric motor, generator, inverter, HV storage battery,
etc.. The bench can simulate the power driving mode of the hybrid control
system to control the electric motor and the engine under different working
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mode
Wheels are driven by electric motor which is supplied with power from power
generation by the engine’s series hybrid power system based on engine
power so as to enable the electric motor to drive the wheels. It basically
consists of the electric motor, the engine, the generator, the HV storage
battery and the transformer. An engine with small output power in quasi
steady constant operation runs to driven the generator to supply power
directly to the electric motor, or charge the HV storage battery while driving.
Since the power of IC engine is supplied to the electric motor in series way, it
is also known as series hybrid power system.
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1. Operation: The HV battery supplies power to the MG2 to power the front
wheels.
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2. While the engine drives the front wheels through the planetary gears, MG1
will also be driven by the planetary gears to supply the generated power to
MG2.
3. The engine rotates MG1 through the planetary gears to charge the HV
battery.
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4. When the vehicle decelerates, the kinetic energy of the front wheels is
recovered and converted into electrical energy to recharge the HV battery
through MG2.
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3.5.1 Startup
Make full use of low-speed torque at the time of motor startup. When the
vehicle starts up, Prius hybrid system will start based by the motor powered
by HV storage battery. Then, the engine is actually not running. The engine
cannot output large torque at low rotating speed, but the motor can be flexibly,
smoothly and efficiently started.
Driving by the highly efficient motor: as for the engine, the driving situation will
be unfavorable at low-middle speed, but on the contrary, the motor can
perform well at low-middle speed. Therefore, when driving at low/ middle
speed, the hybrid system will apply power from the HV storage battery to drive
the motor for vehicle driving.
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For low-consumption driving mode, engine will be the main power source.
Prius hybrid system makes use of the engine at the speed to generate the
highest efficiency to drive the vehicle. Power generated by the engine will
directly drive wheels. Part of the power may be distributed to the generator
based on the driving conditions. Power from the generator will drive the motor
and the auxiliary engine. Through the double drive system supported by both
the engine and the motor, the minimum power consumption of the engine can
be transmitted to the ground.
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3.5.7 Parking
The power system will be completely stopped for parking. After parking, the
engine, electric motor and generator will automatically stop operation to avoid
energy consumption due to idling. When the charging amount of HV storage
battery is relatively low, the engine will continue running to charge HV storage
battery. Besides, the engine may still keep running sometimes due to the
linkage with the AC switch.
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motor;
5. Control the HV battery cooling
blower.
High voltage power is generated by
Motor Generator the engine drive MG1 to operate the
1(MG1) MG2 without charging the HV
Hybrid battery. It also acts as a starter to
vehicle start the engine.
transmis 1. MG2 is driven by the electric
sion energy of MG1 and HV battery to
bridge Motor Generator generate the motive force of the
assembl 2(MG2) driving wheel.
y 2. High voltage power is generated
to charge the HV battery during
braking or when the accelerator
pedal is not stepped.
Parser(MG1/MG2) The rotor position, the rotational
speed, and the direction of MG1,
MG2 are detected.
Temperature The temperatures of MG1, MG2 are
sensor(MG1/MG2) detected.
Power Reasonably distribute the engine's
Compound distribution prime mover to directly drive the
gear unit planetary gear vehicle and the MG1.
mechanism
Motor Reduce the speed of the MG2
reduction according to the characteristics of
planetary gear the planetary gear to increase the
mechanism torque.
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system is higher or lower than the rated safety pressure, the oil pressure
warning light is on, and the driver is warned. The oil pressure switch is
generally installed in the oil sump or on the cylinder block.
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content behind the three-way catalytic converter to the ECU. The ECU
compares the two sensor signals. Normally, the signal of the front oxygen
sensor is higher than that of the rear oxygen sensor. If the signals of the two
sensors are the same, it indicates that the three-way catalytic converter fails.
Therefore, the rear oxygen sensor mainly detects whether the three-way
catalytic converter is working properly.
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1. Get familiarity with the structural composition and working principle of the
hybrid engine system;
2. Analyze and judge common faults of hybrid engine by principle;
3. Analyze the causes of the faults.
1. Multimeter
2. Diagnostic scanner
3. Oscilloscope
4. Hybrid engine training bench
Set a fault Disconnect the air flow meter No.2 circuit with tablet
2. The decoder reads the fault code: P0103, mass air flow
circuit is high.
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Circuit
diagram
2 12.5V B/32 0V 0V
3 12.0V B/33 12.0V 2.0V
1 ( Power 13.5V 13.5V
input)
5 ( Grounding 0V 0V
)
4 1.6V A/20 1.6V 1.6V
After the above voltage detection, it is found that the voltages
of the air flow meter terminals 2 and 3 are abnormal.
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2.Turn off the ignition switch and check the resistance of the
line between the air flow meter terminal and the engine control
unit terminal:
Terminals of air flow Actual Standard
meter and engine measured resistance
control unit value (Ω)
(Ω)
2 and B/32 0.23M Ω Less than1 Ω
3 and B/33 Less than 1 Less than1 Ω
Ω
4 and A/20 Less than1 Ω Less than1 Ω
According to the measurement of above voltage and
resistance, it is found that the circuit between the air flow
meter No. 2 terminal and the engine control unit B/32 terminal
is disconnected.
Conclusion According to actual testing, it is found that the air flow meter
No.2 circuit is disconnected.
Fault Use tablet to eliminate the fault. After the fault is eliminated,
elimination the engine can run properly, the scanner cannot read any fault
code and the fault indicator is off. Both the measured voltage
and resistance at each terminal are within the normal range.
open circuit
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Circuit
diagram
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Set a fault Disconnect the ignition coil IGF circuit with tablet
Symptoms 1. The instrument fault indicator is on.
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Circuit
diagram
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Set a fault Disconnect the CANH (From engine to hybrid control unit)
circuit with tablet
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Circuit
diagram
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Circuit
diagram
According to the failure phenomenon analysis:
Causes 1. The inverter is failure.
2. The hybrid control unit is failure.
3. Line failure.
1. Detect the voltage of the B/28 terminal of the inverter: 6.6V
Fault (normal voltage is about 6.5V).
detection 2. Detect the voltage of the B/22 terminal of the hybrid power
methods control unit: 0.1V (normal voltage is about 6.5V).
After the above voltage is detected, the voltage of the B/22
terminal of the hybrid control unit is abnormal.
3. Turn off the ignition switch and check the resistance of the
hybrid control unit B/22 terminal and inverter B/28 terminal:
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Circuit
diagram
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3. Line failure.
1. Detect the voltage of the B/20 terminal of the inverter: 0.13V
Fault (normal voltage is about 11.0V).
detection 2. Detect the voltage of the B/16 terminal of the hybrid power
methods control unit: 7.0V (normal voltage is about 11.0V).
After the above voltage is detected, the voltage of the B/20
terminal of the inverter and the B/16 terminal of the hybrid
control unit is abnormal.
3. Turn off the ignition switch and check the resistance of the
hybrid control unit B/16 terminal and the inverter B/20
terminal: 65KΩ (normal value is less than 1Ω)
After the above voltage and resistance detection, it is found
that the inverter B/20 line is disconnected.
Conclusion Inverter B/20 line is open circuit.
Fault Use tablet to eliminate the fault, the decoder clears the fault.
elimination At this time, the instrument fault indicator is off, the decoder
can't read the fault code, and the multimeter detects the
voltage and resistance within the normal range.
Set a fault Disconnect the Inverter interlock switch circuit with tablet
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Circuit
diagram
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Set a fault Disconnect the accelerator pedal No.3 circuit with tablet
Circuit
diagram
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3. Line failure.
1. Turn on the ignition switch, start the engine, and check the
Fault voltage of the accelerator pedal position sensor terminal and
detection the hybrid control unit terminal:
methods Acceler Actual Engine Actual Standard
ator measured control measure voltage
pedal value unit d value (V)
sensor
terminal
5 0V C/27 0V 0.1V
2 0V C/35 0V 0.1V
3 1.5—5.0V C/34 0V 1.5—5.0V
1 5.0V C/33 5.0V 5.0V
6 0.7—4V C/26 0.7—4V 0.7—4V
4 5.0V C/25 5.0V 5.0V
After the above voltage is detected, the voltage of the C/34
terminal of the hybrid control unit is abnormal.
2.Turn off the ignition switch and check the resistance of the
line between the accelerator pedal position sensor terminal
and the hybrid control unit terminal:
Terminals of Actual Standard
accelerator pedal measured resistance
position sensor and the value (Ω)
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Set a fault Disconnect the gear position sensor A/3 circuit with tablet
Symptoms 1. The instrument fault indicator is on.
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Circuit
diagram
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can't read the fault code, and the multimeter detects the
voltage and resistance within the normal range.
Set a fault Disconnect the shift control actuator No.7 circuit with tablet
Symptoms 1. The instrument fault indicator is on.
Circuit
diagram
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4.3.11 Setting the shift control actuator No.9 line open circuit
Set a fault Disconnect the shift control actuator No.9 circuit with tablet
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Circuit
diagram
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Set a fault Disconnect the ID code box No.18 circuit with tablet
Symptoms 1. The instrument fault indicator is on.
2. The decoder reads the fault code: B2799, the engine locker
failure.
3.Engine can not start.
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Circuit
diagram
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4.3.13 Setting the high voltage battery ECU A/18 line to open
circuit
Set a fault Disconnect the high voltage battery ECU A/18 circuit with
tablet
Symptoms 1. The instrument fault indicator is on.
Circuit
diagram
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Set a fault Disconnect the key slot A/3 circuit with tablet
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Circuit
diagram
Set a fault Disconnect the power switch No. 8 circuit with tablet
Circuit
diagram
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2 0V 36 0V 0V
5 12.0V 14 12.0V 12.0V
7 12.0V 37 12.0V 12.0V
8 12.00V 13 0V 0V
4 0V 4 0V 0V
6 0V 6 0V 0V
After the above voltage is detected, the voltage of the power
switch No. 8 terminal is abnormal.
2. Turn off the ignition switch and check the resistance of the
line between the power switch terminal and the power control
computer terminal:
Power switch terminal Actual Standard
and the power control measured resistance
computer terminal value (Ω)
(Ω)
2 and 36 Less than 1Ω Less than1Ω
5 and 14 Less than1Ω Less than1Ω
7 and 37 Less than1Ω Less than1Ω
8 and13 Infinite Less than1Ω
4 and 4 Less than1Ω Less than1Ω
6 and 6 Less than1Ω Less than1Ω
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Set a fault Disconnect the gateway ECU No.17 circuit with tablet
3. The decoder reads the fault code: P3000, and the battery
control system failure.
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Circuit
diagram
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Fault
Fault Fault description
Fault Phenomenon
No. description (Abbreviation
in tablet)
Código de falla: P0103 La
Circuito 2 de entrada del medidor de flujo de
medidor de aire es demasiado alta
flujo de aire Fenómeno de falla: el motor está
1 CMFA
en ralentí y hay un ligero humo
negro cuando arranca el
automóvil bajo baja temperatura
de agua .
Circuito del Código de falla: P2102 Motor del
motor de acelerador desconectado
2 control del CMCA Fenómeno de falla: No se puede
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attachment)
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Chapter V Appendix A
1. Diagnostic socket
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No.1 terminal: Camshaft timing oil control valve negative control terminal
No.2 terminal: Camshaft timing oil control valve positive control terminal
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2. No.2 terminal : heated oxygen sensor heater 11-14V power input terminal
3. No.3 terminal : heated oxygen sensor signal output terminal
4. No.4 terminal : Heater oxygen sensor ground terminal
No.1 terminal: Air flow sensor 11-14V constant voltage input terminal
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No.1 terminal: No.1 cylinder fuel injection solenoid valve (11-14V) power input
terminal
No.2 terminal : No.1 cylinder injection solenoid valve control terminal
14. No.1,2,3 and 4 cylinder ignition coil assembly
No.1 terminal: Ignition coil primary line power (11-14V) input terminal
No.2 terminal: Ignition completion confirmation signal output terminal
No.3 terminal: ignition control terminal
No.4 terminal: Ignition coil ground terminal
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B/3 terminal: shift lever position sensor power supply (4.5-5.5V) input terminal
B/2 terminal: shift position sensor negative control terminal
B/1 terminal: shift lever position sensor (main), shift lever is placed in the
original position, R, N, D
B/6 terminal: shift lever position sensor power supply (4.5-5.5V) input terminal
B/5 terminal: shift position sensor negative control terminal
B/4 terminal: shift lever position sensor (sub), shift lever in original position, R,
N, D
A/3 terminal: selector lever position sensing power supply (11-14V) input
terminal
A/5 terminal: selector lever position sensor (main), shift lever placed in the
original position, R, N, D
A/6 terminal: selector lever position sensing power supply (11-14V) input
terminal
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A/8 terminal: selector lever position sensor (sub), the shift lever is placed in
the original position, R, N, D
Terminal 1: Transmission bridge parking lock control relay coil control circuit
Terminal 2: Transmission bridge parking lock control relay coil grounding line
Terminal 3: Transmission bridge parking lock control relay switching power
supply input terminal
Terminal 4: Shift actuator power supply (11-14V) output terminal
22. Shift control actuator
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Function: The power control computer controls the IG2 relay to supply power
to the fuel pump relay, the injector solenoid valve and the ignition coil.
Principle: The power control computer 35 (IG2D) terminal outputs a high level.
At this time, the IG2 relay No. 1 terminal has a power input, the relay coil has
a power input to generate a magnetic field, and at the same time the relay
switch is closed, and the relay No. 4 terminal has a power output, thereby the
power is supplied to the fuel pump relay, the injector solenoid valve, and the
ignition coil.
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Principle: The C/10 (FC) terminal of the engine control unit outputs a low
level. At this time, the relay coil has a power input to generate a magnetic
field, and the relay switch is closed. The fuel pump relay No. 2 terminal has a
power output to the fuel pump. At this time, the fuel pump start working.
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Principle: The power control computer 34 (IG1D) terminal inputs a high level
to the IG1 relay No. 3 terminal. At this time, the relay coil has a power input to
generate a magnetic field, and the relay switch is closed. At this time, the
relay No. 2 terminal has a power output to supply the power to multi-function
display and air conditioning control unit power supply.
Principle: The hybrid control unit C/4 (MREL) terminal inputs a high level to
the No. 1 relay terminal. At this time, the relay coil is energized to generate a
magnetic field, and the relay switch is closed. The No. 3 relay terminal has a
power supply to the battery computer.
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Function: Supply power to the inverter cooling water pump to make it work
normally.
Principle: When the relay No. 3 terminal has power input, the relay coil is
energized to generate a magnetic field, the relay switch is closed, and the
relay No. 1 terminal has a power output to the inverter cooling water pump, at
which time the cooling water pump starts to work.
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Function: Input power to battery blower motor and battery blower controller.
Principle: The battery computer A/10 terminal provides a low level to the No. 1
relay terminal. At this time, the relay coil has a power input to generate a
magnetic field, and the relay switch pulls in. The No. 4 relay terminal inputs
power to the battery blower motor and the battery blower controller.
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