LEARNING AREA SOCIAL STUDIES 8

GRADING PERIOD FIRST QUARTER

TEACHER’S NAME ARJAY P. DUMALAOG
MODULE NO. MODULE 1.5-1.6
DATE AUGUST 29 – SEPTEMBER 9, 2022

LEARNING COMPETENCIES:
Analyze the role of geography to the growth and development of early civilization
Analyze the role of geography to the growth and development

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: At the end of this module, the learner shall be able to:
1. define the five themes of Geography
2. analyze the role of geography during the early times
3. relate geography to the growth and development of the early civilizations
4. appreciate the growth of world’s civilization; showing love and Filial Piety with regards to
government, economy, culture, customs, and traditions

TOPIC: WORLD’S EARLY CIVILIZATION AND ITS HUMAN GEOGRAPHY

VALUE FOCUS: LOVE AND FILIAL PIETY

Introduction

∞CIVILIZATION∞
The term civilization means the level of development at which people live together peacefully in
communities. Ancient civilization refers specifically to the first settled and stable communities that became
the basis for later states, nations, and empires.
Direction. Locate what is asked and label it on the map. (S)

Asia Iraq Himalayas Gobi Desert

India Nile River Tigris River Ganges River
Africa Upper Egypt Indus River Pacific Ocean
China Lower Egypt Yangtze River Huang He River
Europe Arabian Sea Euphrates River Deccan Plateau

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 Knowledge Capsule

The study of ancient civilization is concerned

with the earliest segments of the much broader
subject called ancient history. The span of
ancient history began with the invention of
writing about 3100 BC and lasted for more
than 35 centuries. Humankind existed long
before the written word, but the writing made
the keeping of a historical record possible.
The first ancient societies arose in
Mesopotamia in the Middle East, Egypt, in
Indus valley, a region located now in Pakistan
and India and Huang He (Yellow River) valley
of China.

All these civilizations had certain features in common. They built cities and invented forms of writing. They learned
to make pottery and use metals. They domesticated animals, and they created fairly complex social structures with
class systems.

The single, decisive factor that made it possible for humankind to settle in permanent communities was
agriculture. A turning point in human history, the invention of farming, and the tremendous changes it brought
about have been called the agricultural revolution. After farming was developed in the Middle East about 6500
BC, people living in tribes or family units did not have to be on the move continually searching for food or herding
their animals.
People began to found permanent
communities in fertile river valleys. They settled
around rivers for several reasons. Rivers were
an important source of freshwater for drinking.
They could be used for transportation. Settlers
also learned to use the water supply
to irrigate the land for farming. The sedentary
settlement, or being settled in one place,
making it possible to domesticate animals to
provide other sources of food and clothing.

Farming was indeed a revolutionary discovery. It not only made settlements possible—and ultimately
the building of cities—but it also made available reliable food supply. With more food available, more
people could be fed. Populations therefore increased. With a food surplus, a community could support a
variety of workers who were not farmers.
The agricultural revolution, thus resulted in a division of labor, with some people farming, while
others worked at various crafts, such as making pottery, cloth, or tools. Craftspeople traded the
goods they made to farmers for food.

Please Answer WORKSHEET 1.5-1.6 August 29 - September 9, 2022 Activity #1 : Page 6

The use of various ways of measuring led naturally to record keeping, and for this some form of writing was
necessary. The earliest civilizations all seem to have used picture-writing—pictures representing both sounds and
objects to the reader. The best known of the ancient writing systems is probably Egyptian hieroglyphics, a term
meaning “sacred carvings,” since many of the earliest writings were inscribed on stone

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All the major ancient civilizations—in Mesopotamia,
Egypt, the Indus valley, and China— emerged in the 4th-
millennium BC. Historians still debate over which one
emerged first. It may well have been in the Middle East,
in an area called the Fertile Crescent. This area stretches
from the Nile River in Egypt northward along the coast of
the historical region of Palestine, then eastward into Asia
to include Mesopotamia. In this area, people settled
along the riverbanks and practiced field agriculture.

Explore into Reading!

The world's first civilization developed along the

four river systems where the soil was fertile and
water was easily available for irrigation. The map
above shows the four river valleys where this
favorable condition existed: the Tigris-Euphrates
in Mesopotamia, the Nile in Egypt, the Indus in
India, and the Huang in China.
They each spread to inspire more written systems
(for example the Latin alphabet we use comes
from Phonecian, which stems ultimately from
Egyptian).

Please Answer: WORKSHEET 1.5 August 29- - September 9, 2022 Activity #2 : Page 6

 Period: 3500 BC–500 BC

 Original Location: Northeast by the
Zagros mountains, Southeast by the
Arabian plateau
 Current Location: Iraq, Syria, and
Turkey
 Meaning: Land between rivers
(ancient Greek)
 Major Highlights: First civilization in the
world

At the crossroads of three continents namely Asia, Europe, and

Africa lies a crescent-shaped land that stretches from the Persian Gulf
to the shores of Mediterranean Sea. People started to cultivate the
land. Plants and animals thrive in the land. The place was called the
Fertile Crescent and historians claimed it was the "birthplace of
western civilization.”

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It had few natural barriers. The Arabian Sea and Syrian deserts offered
less protection to civilizations. Because of this position it was often overrun
by invaders. Hittites swept into the region from Asia Minor.

Flooding was a problem for the people of this region. Melting snows from
Zagros Mountains pour out to their crops during the growing season which
lasts from autumn to early summer. At about 3000 BCE, floods became
unpredictable. This phenomenon forced the people in Southern Mesopotamia
to modify their way of life.
Agriculture became successful in Mesopotamia resulting to a
surplus of food products. Mesopotamia is rich with clay, they used in
building houses and in making writing tablets.
Mesopotamia became attractive to neighboring people and its lack of natural protection like mountains made
them an easy target for invasions Several invaders came, and many times rulers were replaced. Dynasties did
come and go. There were always threats of invasion.

Please Answer: WORKSHEET 1.5-1.6 August 29 - September 9, 2022 Activity #3 : Page 7

Another civilization arose on a bank of a great river—the Nile

River. The Nile River was considered as the longest river in the
world flowing 4,160 miles from Central Africa to the
Mediterranean Sea. Dependence on the river stopped because of
the climate change, similar to what took place in Mesopotamia.
The once grassy plains became a desert at about 6,000 BCE
when the Atlantic rains shifted. People then were forced to move
closer to the Nile River

Farming became productive because of the annual overflowing of the Nile. The overflowing of water
came at a most convenient time for planting cereal crops. Nile River was also used for transportation
and communication during the ancient times. It served as a highway connecting the Lower and Upper
Egypt. it was also used for trading.

Egyptians' way of life was influenced by the Nile River. It was used as source of food and sports.
Along the marshy shores of the Nile grew papyrus, which was used in making paper.
Egypt has natural barriers isolating it from other civilizations. In the east and west were deserts
hindering invaders from getting into Egypt. A vast marsh in Southern Sudan protected the area from
possible invasion. Shoals, facing the Mediterranean Sea made it difficult for ships to enter the coast of
Egypt.

In comparison to Mesopotamia, civilization in Egypt developed without conflict coming from other
cultures as a result of its geographical feature. Nature played an important role in the religious life of
Egypt. It is their belief that god controlled the forces of nature; that god had the power over life and
death.

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 Polytheism or the belief in many gods was practiced by the Egyptians. To the Egyptians,
Amon-ra or the sun god was the most important. The east where the sun rose symbolized birth and the
west where the sun set represented death; a reason they always built tombs and funeral temples on the
west bank of the Nile.

With the improvement of agriculture and livelihood systems, the establishment of an

organized government , and the invention of writing system, the Asian’s way of life
gradually improved. This paved way for the birth of civilizations in Asia.
It shows the progressive livelihood of Asian in the Ancient Times - the ziggurat of
Sumerians, the irrigation system of the native Indus, and bronze objects from the people of
Shang.
Furthermore, filial piety not only specifies norms within the family, it also provides the
social and ethical foundations for maintaining social order, and thus a stable society or
stable civilization. It has provided the moral underpinning for parent–child relations and
socialization for millennia.

Please Answer: WORKSHEET 1.5-1.6 August 29 - September 9, 2022 Activity #4-5 (Valuing : Page 7 -8

References

 Soriano, Celia D. et al. (2017) Turning Points: World History Revised Edition, pp.41-46, Manila,
Philippines: Rex Bookstore
 \https://www.eslprintables.com/reading_worksheets/history/prehistory/Prehistory_Vocabulary_Matchin
g_21602 0/
 https://blog.nationalgeographic.org/2013/03/18/lessons-for-today-from-5-ancient-civilizations/
 https://study.com/academy/lesson/how-agriculture-changed-early-

Prepared by: Checked by: Approved by:

ARJAY P.DUMALAOG, LPT LINALIE S. MCKENZIE, LPT NOVEE T. YAP, MAEd

Subject - Teacher ADC - JHS School Principal

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 SUN YAT SEN HIGH SCHOOL OF ILOILO, INC.
Mapa Street, Iloilo City
Tel. No.: (033) 337-2335/ Fax (033) 335-135
email: tiongsan@yahoo.com
Learner’s Name: Grade Level & Section:
Teacher: ARJAY P. DUMALAOG Learning Area: SOCIAL SUDIES 8

WORKSHEET 1.5-16
August 29 -September 9, 2022

Activity #1: Test your Skills

Directions: Read the question thoroughly and try to answer in 3-5 sentences. Write your answer in the box.
(AS) (5pts)

How did agriculture change early societies?

Activity #2: Test your Skills

Directions. Read and understand each statement. Write the letter of the correct answers. (AS) (5pts)

1. What is the other name for Ancient Mesopotamia?

a. The Far East c. The New World
b. Birthplace of Democracy d. Cradle of Civilization

2. In what current country is most of Ancient Mesopotamia located?

a. China c. Israel
b. Egypt d. Turkey

3. What river or rivers were important to the civilizations of Mesopotamia?

a. Nile River c. Yellow and Yangtze Rivers
b. Amazon River d. Tigris and Euphrates Rivers

_______4. Which of the following refers to a wedge-shaped system of writing developed in Mesopotamia?
a. Vedas c. Sanskrit
b. Cuneiform d. Hieroglyphics

_______ 5. What language was spoken by most of the people throughout the history of Ancient
Mesopotamia?
a. Greek c. Latin
b. Akkadian d. Italian

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 Activity #3: Test your Skills

Directions. Read the following questions thoroughly and try to answer in 1-3 sentences. Write your answer in the
box. (AS) (5pts)

1. Why is Nile River called the lifeblood of Egypt?

2. How were the colossal monuments such as pyramids a source of information about ancient Egypt?

Activity #4: Test your Skills

Directions. Briefly define the following terms. You may use the internet or other textbooks for your
answers. Don’t forget to include its references after each definition. (AS) (5pts)
1. Theocracy

2. Pharaoh

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VALUING :
Directions: In 3-5 sentences, explain the given question. Write your answer in the box. (AS) (8pts)

As a student, how can you show youre love with regards to the different customs, traditions and culture among
others?

RUBRIC
Features Expert (4) Accomplished Capable (2) Beginner (1)
(3)
Quality of Writing Very informative Somewhat Gives some new Gives no new
and well-organized informative and information but information and
organized poorly organized very poorly
organized
Grammar, Usage Virtually no Few spelling and A number of So many spelling,
and Mechanics spelling, punctuation errors, spelling, punctuation and
punctuation or minor grammatical punctuation or grammatical errors
grammatical errors errors grammatical errors that it interferes
with the meaning

“Do the best you can until you know better.

Then when you know better, do better.”
- Maya Angelou -

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