Republic of the Philippines

Biliran Province State University

School of Criminal justice Education

Naval, Biliran

Research Proposal

Proponents:

Denmark G. Amistoso

Mark Japhet R. Fernandez

John Earl C. Diente

Bryan Macapuz

Erwin Rosete

BSCriminology 4-A

Research Title:

The Impact of Illegal Logging in Biliran, Biliran

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Forests provide a wide variety of social, economic, cultural, spiritual, and

environmental advantages to over 2.4 billion people who rely on them for cash and non-

monetary income. They also provide a wide range of social, economic, cultural, spiritual, and

environmental benefits to local communities. Trees and all-natural diversities produce

products and services. Still, their significant contributions to rural livelihoods and the

reduction of hunger and poverty make a people-centered approach to forestry a requirement

(Domingo & Manejar,2018).

The National Integrated Protected Areas Act (Republic Act No. 7586 of 1992) creates

and manages protected areas to protect and conserve biological diversity and recreational

opportunities. It also emphasizes the importance of developing a site-specific management

plan that addresses the following areas: Encourage the adoption, and use of innovative

management techniques such as management zones and buffer zones, multiple use and

protection of environmental sites, habitat conservation and rehabilitation, biodiversity

management, community organizing, socioeconomic and scientific research, site-specific

policy development, pest management, and fire control are some of the services provided. It

will also protect the domains and interests of indigenous cultural communities, as well as the

rights of tenured migrants and increase coordination between and among the DENR, local

governments, and the private sector (Official Gazette of the Republic of Philippines, 2021)

According to the Biliran Police Provincial Office, Illegal Logging was one of the

leading causes of the decreasing diversity in the Philippines. At Mt. Talinis, a forest in
Cabucayan and Biliran towns is one of the main targets of such plans, often led by political

means. This initiated a cause of action for most localities to have specific movements to

preserve their natural resources. Since one of the latest reports indicated that there are at

multiple violations last January 2021 where there are at least 14 pieces of equipment’s that

are not registered under PCA and RA 9175.

This would benefit by recognizing the local people as essential forest stakeholders and

encouraging their participation in decision-making. Long-term forest management has a

beneficial impact on livelihoods, rural development, and forest conservation. The interplay of

agriculture and trees and the agricultural use of trees is referred to as agroforestry. Trees often

found on farms and through different agricultural places and landscapes, farming in forests

and along forest edges, and tree-crop cultivation, such as cocoa, coffee, rubber, and oil palm,

are all part of this. At many sizes, interactions between trees and other agricultural

components may be meaningful: in fields where trees and crops are planted together and on

farms where trees may offer fodder for animals, fuel, food, shelter, or revenue from goods

such as lumber (World, Agroforestry, n.d.).

Objectives of the Study

The objectives of the study is the main goal of the research project that is subjected to

the following agendas:

1. To know and assessed how illegal logging affected Biliran through the following criteria:

a. Agricultural

b. Social

c. Environmental
2. To evaluate all underlying problems that increases the effect of illegal logging to Biliran,

Biliran and;

3. To make use of identifiable and related themes of the study proper to conclude the current

situation of Biliran, Biliran on how to avoid illegal logging in the future.

Theoretical Framework

Figure 1. Theory of Human Interaction with Environment Diagram

The theory of Human Interaction with Environment was proposed in 1995 by Allen

Hammond and talks about four major interaction on human activities and the environmental

change. The source is where the environment plays a role that gives necessities for people

through food, fibers, and natural resources thus the ability to deplete it is at possibility. Then,

the idea of sinking comes to play where natural resources are being used as industrial

products. Then, the idea of life support or the management of its Eco-systematic essentials.

This will then be proposed human activity to expand and sacrifice a part of nature for the

encouragement of further improvement of their activities thus reducing the environment to

pollution of air, water, contamination, illegal loggings, and death of trees, plants, animals,

and so on (Akintude,2017).

Definition of Terms

Conservation - the preservation of a resource, especially a natural resource such as soil,

water, or forests, from loss, pollution, or waste.

Forest - a large area of land densely covered with trees and other plants.

Forestry - land covered by forest; forestland.

Habitat - the natural environment of a plant or animal.

Illegal - contrary to law, rules, or the like; unlawful.

Impact - effect or influence.

Logging - the work or business of felling trees, trimming and cutting them into logs, and

transporting these to a sawmill.

Tree - a perennial woody plant consisting of roots, a trunk, and branches, usually growing to

a substantial height.

Violation - the act of breaking or breaching a law, rule, or agreement.

METHODOLOGY

Research Design

The research proper shall be Qualitative in approach to determine all subjective and

opinionated values and interferences in the procedures and methods that shall be conducted

under the specification of non-biases, naturalistic, and is uncontrolled study. It shall be

descriptive in nature wherein the researchers shall give ideals of correlation and human

perspective towards what is fitted for the result. The said study focuses primarily on the effect

of illegal logging to Biliran through all of its statement problems.

Research Locale

The research locale will be at Biliran, Biliran located at the Eastern Visayas Region,

Philippines. These is where the subjects will be sought out and the instruments be

implemented and interpreted.

Research Subjects

Participants shall be gathered using convenience and purposive sampling

where people from Biliran that is correlated with Illegal logging shall be sought out. At least

5 participants will be asked out with ages that are above 20 and is subjected to work, witness,

or a contractor of illegal logging. People that work out for the removal of illegal logging may

be sought out to as one of the participants assuming that they will cooperate. There would be

no limitations of any sort in the ideals of the respondent samples since said research study is

under the impression as a hypothetical product and is transposed only through its effective

measurement of opinionated means.

Research instrument to be conducted is interview through a semi-block style of

positioning. This would of course be used when during process of distribution, said

participants would be able to interact in accordance with the researcher since this is very

important for the formulation of the different highlights to be conducted. This too would also

be vital for the creation of themes and similarities as well as the correlations between all

comments on what they would mean and be implemented based on the decree of the study

through the idea where illegal logging is the main theme.

Data Gathering Procedure

The data gathering procedure first has to begin where there would be a participatory

consent given to those who volunteered or has any correlation regarding illegal logging in

Biliran, Biliran. Then, these 5 participants will be interviewed using the instruments through

a semi-block format at any given time as long as their will be data that can be gathered from

their statements. These statements will then be noted for thematical analysis format type of

data treatment.

Data Analysis

The data analysis will be formed through the collection of interferences from the data

through a thematical analysis by a semi-block style of interview. This is where all recorded

themes will be combined and assessed where different quoted statements from the answer of

the participants will be cited and an interpretation will be processed here where the

formulation of the project conclusion is going to be mandated.

Akintude, E. (2017, August 30). Theories and concepts for human behavior in environmental

preservation. Journal of Environmental Science and Public Health.

https://www.fortunejournals.com/articles/theories-and-concepts-for-human-behavior-

in-environmental-preservation.html.

Biliran Police Provincial Office. (2021, February 1).Illegal Logger Nabbed By Kawayan

NPS. Facebook. https://www.facebook.com/pulisbiliranon/posts/illegal-logger-

nabbed-by-kawayan-mps-biliran-police-provincial-office-

larrazabal/1921340168016767/.

Domingo, S., & Manejar, A. (2018, December). Forest protection in the Philippines. Forest

Protection in the Philippines.

https://pidswebs.pids.gov.ph/CDN/PUBLICATIONS/pidsdps1853.pdf.

Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. (2021, August 18). Republic Act No.

7586. Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines.

https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1992/06/01/republic-act-no-7586/.

World Agroforestry. (n.d.). What is Agroforestry? World Agroforestry | Transforming Lives

and Landscapes with Trees. Retrieved July 11, 2021, from

https://www.worldagroforestry.org/about/agroforestry