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    4 Jacob Lewis Bourjaily: Q D W D

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    Heber Andrada
    The document summarizes the calculation of attractive forces between conductors in two capacitor configurations - parallel plates and parallel cylinders - for both fixed charge and fixed potential differences. For parallel plates with fixed charge, the attractive force is calculated to be Q^2/(2Aε0). For parallel cylinders with fixed charge, the force is calculated to be Q^2/(2πε0d). Similarly, for parallel plates and cylinders with fixed potential differences, the attractive forces are calculated to be -ε0AV^2/2d^2 and -πε0V^2/(2log(a1/a2)d) respectively.

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    4 Jacob Lewis Bourjaily: Q D W D

    Uploaded by

    Heber Andrada
    32 views1 page
    The document summarizes the calculation of attractive forces between conductors in two capacitor configurations - parallel plates and parallel cylinders - for both fixed charge and fixed potential differences. For parallel plates with fixed charge, the attractive force is calculated to be Q^2/(2Aε0). For parallel cylinders with fixed charge, the force is calculated to be Q^2/(2πε0d). Similarly, for parallel plates and cylinders with fixed potential differences, the attractive forces are calculated to be -ε0AV^2/2d^2 and -πε0V^2/(2log(a1/a2)d) respectively.

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    The document summarizes the calculation of attractive forces between conductors in two capacitor configurations - parallel plates and parallel cylinders - for both fixed charge and fixed potential differences. For parallel plates with fixed charge, the attractive force is calculated to be Q^2/(2Aε0). For parallel cylinders with fixed charge, the force is calculated to be Q^2/(2πε0d). Similarly, for parallel plates and cylinders with fixed potential differences, the attractive forces are calculated to be -ε0AV^2/2d^2 and -πε0V^2/(2log(a1/a2)d) respectively.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    32 views1 page

    4 Jacob Lewis Bourjaily: Q D W D

    Uploaded by

    Heber Andrada
    The document summarizes the calculation of attractive forces between conductors in two capacitor configurations - parallel plates and parallel cylinders - for both fixed charge and fixed potential differences. For parallel plates with fixed charge, the attractive force is calculated to be Q^2/(2Aε0). For parallel cylinders with fixed charge, the force is calculated to be Q^2/(2πε0d). Similarly, for parallel plates and cylinders with fixed potential differences, the attractive forces are calculated to be -ε0AV^2/2d^2 and -πε0V^2/(2log(a1/a2)d) respectively.

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    4 JACOB LEWIS BOURJAILY

    4. The Force Between Conductors


    a) We are to find the attractive force between the conductors of the parallel plate capacitor described
    in problem (2.a) and the parallel cylinders of problem (3) for fixed charges on each conductor.
    We know that the energy stored between an arbitrary capacitor with fixed charges is
    given by Q2 /2C where Q is the charge on each conductor and C is the capacitance
    of the system.
    Let us fist consider the parallel plate capacitor. Using our results from problem (2.a), we
    Q2 d
    can easily determine that the energy of the capacitor is given by W = 2A² 0
    . Because
    ∂W
    the force F = − ∂d , we have that
    Q2
    ∴F =− .
    2A²0
    Similarly, we can use our results from problem (3) for the capacitance of the³ parallel ´
    Q2 √ d
    cylinder system to arrive at the energy stored per unit length, W = 2π² 0
    log a a
    1 2
    .
    Therefore, we see that
    Q2
    ∴F =− .
    2π²0 d

    b) We are to find the attractive force between the conductors of the parallel plate capacitor described
    in problem (2.a) and the parallel cylinders of problem (3) for fixed potential difference of the
    conductors.
    We know that the energy stored between an arbitrary capacitor with fixed potentials on
    each conductor is given by 12 CV 2 where V is the voltage difference between the two
    conductors and C is the capacitance of the system.
    Let us fist consider the parallel plate capacitor. Using our results from problem (2.a),
    we can determine that the energy of the capacitor is given by W = ²2d 0A
    V 2 . Because
    ∂W
    the force F = − ∂d , we have that
    ²0 A 2
    ∴F =− V .
    2d2
    Similarly, we can use our results from problem (3) for the capacitance of the parallel
    cylinder system to arrive at the energy stored per unit length, W = ³π²0 ´ V 2.
    d
    2 log √
    a1 a2

    Therefore, we see that


    π²0 2
    ∴F =− ³ ´2 V .
    2 log √ d d
    a1 a2

    5. Thomson’s Theorem
    If an empty region is bounded by a number of equipotential surfaces, then the electrostatic
    energy inside the region is absolutely minimized.
    proof: Let us consider the energy within the bounded, compact region Ω with boundary
    ∂Ω which is composed of equipotential surfaces. We will show that the electrostatic
    energy W of the region Ω is absolutely minimized.
    Recall from the discussion in section (1.11) of Jackson’s text that, in general, the elec-
    trostatic energy of a region Ω is given by
    Z
    −²0
    W = φ∇2 φ d3 x,
    2 Ω
    where φ(x) is the scalar potential. Integrating this expression by parts, we see that
    µZ Z ¶
    −²0
    W = φ∇φ da − |∇φ|2 d3 x .
    2 ∂Ω Ω

    Using the definition of the scalar potential φ, E = −∇φ, we see that this implies that
    Z Z
    ²0 ²0
    W = φE da + |∇φ|2 d3 x.
    2 ∂Ω 2 Ω

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