KMDICAClinical Evaluation Report 작성사례집
KMDICAClinical Evaluation Report 작성사례집
KMDICAClinical Evaluation Report 작성사례집
◆ 조합자극기 ·······················································································5
◆ 삼박수계 ························································································39
◆ 일회용투관침(2등급) ·····································································65
◆ 일회용손조절식전기수술기용전극 ················································89
◆ 임시치관용레진(2등급) ·······························································125
◆ 자동화로봇시스템수술기 ·····························································149
◆ 폴리디옥사논봉합사 ····································································173
코칭기관명 : ㈜지엠에스컨설팅
품목명 : 조합자극기
목 차
Ⅰ. 문서개요
2. 관련 규격 및 가이드라인 ···········································································8
1. Summary ····································································································9
5. Conclusion ·······························································································35
Ⅲ. 참고사항 ·························································································37
1. 참고 자료 ··································································································37
Ⅰ 문서개요
1. Summary
임상 평가 보고서에 대한 전반적 요약
✓ 임상평가 대상 기기에 대한 설명 기재
✓ Clinical Evaluation 수행 방법 선택
✓ 동등기기 선택 및 동등성 평가 진행
✓ Clinical data 수집 방법 선택
✓ 논문 수집 방법 기재
5. Conclusion
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6. Date of the next clinical evaluation
다음 임상평가 일정 기재
2 관련 규격 및 가이드라인
- 8 -
Ⅱ Clinical Evaluation Report
1 Summary
예시)
We performed clinical evaluation in order for AAAAA to prove that it is
suitable equipment.
• For the safety of the device, the device is followed by (EN 60601-1, 60601-2-10), For
electromagnetic waves, the device is followed by (EN 60601-1-2) For general
requirements for basic safety and essential performance- collateral standard:
Requirements for medical electrical equipment and medical electrical systems
used in the home healthcare environment (EN 60601-1-11), For the usability
engineering of the device(EN 60601-1-6, EN 62366-1), For the Software life
cycle process(EN 62304).
• The intended target patient population of AAAAA and the medical indication
is that the AAAAA is intended help to muscle relaxation, blood circulation
and alleviate pains. We have demonstrated through clinical assessment based
on the latest technology in the medical field that the benefits of using
AAAAA versus residual risks are greater
- 9 -
2 Scope of the clinical evaluation
2.1 Introduction
- 10 -
GSPR A or
No. GSPR Title N/A Description
precautions/contra-indications) and,
where appropriate, training to users.
If any residual risks are identified
during post-market surveillance
process, we inform users about
these risks according to the risk
management procedure
To eliminate or reduce risks related to
use error, we will perform usability
engineering process.
We will review the usability process
SPR 5. Risks related to use N/A
when issues related to the usability
of the product are identified by
collecting PMS information after product
sales.
Expected service life of the AAAAA
will be provided in the Clause 4.2.1
SPR 6. Device lifetime N/A
of the risk management report (Doc.
No. NQP-710-F02/ AAAAA).
AAAAA will be tested related to the
transport and handling. We decided
that it is not necessary to collect
clinical evidence related to the
transport and handling. If any issues
SPR 7. Packaging, transport, storage N/A related to the transport and handling
of the product are identified by
collecting information after product
sales, we will analyze this case
according to the PMS procedure (Doc.
No. OP-804)
We will minimize and control acceptable
about all known and foreseeable risks.
But if any risks are not controlled to
SPR 8. Benefit-risk ratio A acceptable, or new risks are identified
during the literature search, we will
conduct the benefit-risk process
through clinical evaluation.
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GSPR A or
No. GSPR Title N/A Description
- 12 -
GSPR A or
No. GSPR Title N/A Description
- 13 -
GSPR A or
No. GSPR Title N/A Description
- 14 -
GSPR A or
No. GSPR Title N/A Description
- 15 -
결정된 범위는 관련 데이터의 식별을 포함하여 다음 단계의 기초로 작용한다. 제조자는 평가
대상 기기의 설명과 임상 평가 계획을 수립하여야 한다. 아래의 예시는 제품의 설계 단계에
따라 매칭한 임상평가의 단계이다. 제조자가 설계 절차를 내부적으로 어떻게 구성하고 있는지에
따라 변경될 수 있다.
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임상평가 계획을 수립할 때 제품의 수명 주기 단계에 따라 아래와 같이 서로 다른 측면을
포함하여 고려해야한다.
측면 CE 인증 전 CE 인증 후
기기 설명 O O
동등성 평가 정보
O
- 만약 동등성이 선언될 수 있다면 동등성을 평가하기 위해 필요한 정보
위험관리 문서
- 임상평가의 범위는 제조자의 위험관리 문서로부터의 데이터 및 상호 참
조를 필요로 할 수 있다. 위험관리 문서는 기기와 관련된 위험 및 그
O O
위험을 어떻게 다루는지 식별할 것으로 기대된다. 임상평가는 제조자에
의해 설계 위험 감소 전략이 채택된 이후에 남아있는 임상적 위험의 중
요성을 다룰 것으로 기대된다.
적용 가능한 규격 및 가이드 문서
- 기기에 의해 관리되는 의학적 조건과 관련된 정보, 목표 집단에 대해
O O
이용 가능한 기준 기기, 기타 기기 및 의학적 대안 등과 같은 해당 의료
분야의 현재의 지식/최신 기술
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측면 CE 인증 전 CE 인증 후
PMS 기획 활동에 대한 필요 O
예시)
• MEDDEV 2.7/1 Rev.4 Clinical evaluation: Guide for manufacturers and notified
bodies
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2.3 Manufacturer
제조자 정보
예시)
제조자 명 / 주소 / 연락처(전화번호/팩스번호) / Website
- 기기가 유럽이나 기타 국가에서 시판되고 있는지, 언제부터 판매되고 있는지, 시장에 판매된
수량은 얼마나 되는지
- 기기의 사용목적
• 환자 집단(성인/아동/신생아, 기타 측면)
• 의도한 사용자(전문가/일반인)
• 사용 기간 또는 인체 접촉기간
• 점막 접촉/침습 정도/이식
• 금기사항
• 제조자에 의한 예방지침
• 일회용/재사용 여부
• 그 외의 기타 측면들
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- 다음을 포함한 의료기기의 일반 설명
• 기술 명세, 기구적 특성
• 멸균관련 사항
• 방사능
• 의료기기가 사용목적을 달성하는 방법
• 동작원리
• 환자/사용자와 직/간접적으로 접촉하게되는 물질 및 관련 인체 부위에 대한 설명
• 의약물질이나 동물조직 또는 혈액제재의 포함 여부
• 기타 측면들
- 해당 기기가 다른 방법으로는 충족시킬 수 없는 의학적 필요를 다루려고 의도되었는지 여부
/기기에 대한 의학적 대안이 있는지/기존의 기기와 동등하다면 상황 및 신규 특성에
대한 설명
• 동등성이 이미 입증되었는지 여부
- 제조자가 의도한 기술적 성능, 의도한 임상적 이득, 제조자가 사용하도록 의도한 임상적
성능 및 임상적 안전성과 관련된 주장을 포함하여 의도한 성능
- 이전 기기에 근거한 기기의 경우: 이전 기기의 이름, 모델, 크기, 이전 기기가 여전히
판매되고 있는지 여부, 변경 내용에 대한 설명, 변경 일자
- 20 -
3 Clinical background current knowledge, state of the art
기기에 사용되는 기술의 형태와 역사에 따라 이들이 초래하는 위험은 상당히 폭넓다는
것을 인식해야 한다. 많은 기기들은 점진적으로 개발 또는 변경되므로 완전하게 새로운 것은
아닐 것이다. 이러한 경우 임상 증거를 구축하기 위해 임상 경험 및 동등기기의 안전성 및
성능에 대한 문헌 보고서에 근거하여 평가 대상 의료기기의 임상 시험을 통한 임상데이터
생성의 필요성을 감소시킬 수 있다. 하지만 만일 새롭게 개발된 기술이라면 임상 데이터 생
성의 필요성이 부각될 수 있다. 이러한 이유로 의료기기에 적용된 기술에 대한 역사적 추이
및 발전 과정을 기재한다. 그리고 해당 기술 대신 이용가능한 치료/관리/진단 대안 기술을
함께 기재하고, 서로 다른 대안의 장점 및 단점에 대한 요약, 이득/위험 프로파일 및 이득
및 위험에 대한 설명(특성, 범위, 가능성, 지속기간, 빈도), 의도하지 않은 이상 반응 및 기타
위험의 허용가능성을 함께 고려해야한다.
예시)
- 21 -
4.2 Clinical data from literature (MEDDEV 2.7/1 Rev.4 Section 8.2)
- 22 -
문헌 검색 방법의 예시)
- 23 -
- 검색된 문헌 중 중복 데이터 배제 전략
- 제조자에 의해 생성되어 이미 보유하고 있는 데이터에 대한 배제 전략
- 데이터 관리기준
- 검색된 문헌 평가 전략
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4.3 Demonstration of equivalence
1) 임상적(Clinical) 특성
- 동일한 임상 조건을 위해 이용되는가? (유사한 질병의 심각성과 단계, 동일한 적응증)
- 동일한 사용목적을 가지는가?
- 인체의 동일한 부위에 적용되는가?
- 유사한 환자 집단에 사용되는가?
- 해당 제품과 비슷한 성능을 제공하는가?
2) 기술적(Technical) 특성
- 유사한 설계를 가졌는가?
- 동일한 조건에서 사용되는가
- 유사한 성질 및 특성을 소유하였는가? (에너지의 형태, 세기, 인장 강도 등)
- 유사한 전개 방식을 이용하는가?
- 유사한 동작 원리 및 임상 성능 요구사항을 보유하였는가?
3) 생물학적(Biological) 특성
- 동일한 인체조직이나 체액에 접촉하며, 이 때 접촉하는 재질이나 물질이 동일한가?
- 25 -
예시)
1) Clinical Characteristics
Comparison Items Subject Device Predicate Device #1
Manufacturer
Model Name
Literature No.
Product Type
Intended Use
Contraindication
Part of the Body or
Type of Tissue
Applied to or
Interacted with
Target User Group
Gap Analysis
2) Technical Characteristics
Comparison Items Subject Device Predicate Device #1
Manufacturer
Model Name
Literature No.
Appearance
Rated Voltage
Power Consumption
Range of
temperature setting
Massage operating
time
External Projector
Size
(Weight/Dimension)
CE marking
Gap Analysis
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3) Biological Characteristics
Comparison Items Subject Device Predicate Device #1
Manufacturer
Model Name
Literature No.
Probe material
(skin contact)
Gap Analysis
** 예시에 기재된 비교 특성은 품목군에 따라 달라질 수 있음을 유의한다.
예시)
Literature
Author/Journal
Abstract
Summary
Comparison to Predicate Device
- 27 -
4.3.2.2 Literature Evaluation Methodology
예시)
For the literature, the weighting is assigned by grading. So the category is as
follows;
ⅰ. 17~22 point: Sufficient for scientific Literature databases
ⅱ. 13~16 point: Not enough for scientific Literature databases, but available
for clinical databases
ⅲ. 9~12 point: Inappropriate for clinical evaluation
R1 High quality 3
Acceptable Do the reports or collations of data contain Minor
R2 2
report/data sufficient information to be able to undertake deficiencies
collation a rational and objective assessment?
Insufficient
R3 1
information
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D2. Appraisal Criteria for Data Contribution
Suitability Weight
Description Grading
Criteria (point)
T1 Appropriate 2
Data source
Was the design of the study appropriate? No
type T2 1
appropriate
O1 Appropriate 2
Outcome Do the outcome measures reported reflect
No
measures the intended performance of the device? O2 1
appropriate
Is the duration of follow-up long enough to F1 Appropriate 2
Follow up assess whether duration of treatment No
F2 1
effects and identify complications? appropriate
S1 Appropriate 2
Statistical Has a statistical analysis of the data been
No
significance provided and is it appropriate? S2 1
appropriate
C1 Appropriate 2
Clinical Was the magnitude of the treatment effect
No
significance observed clinically significant? C2 1
appropriate
예시)
D1. Appraisal Criteria for Suitability
Grading
Suitability
Description Literature Literature Literature Literature#
Criteria
#1 #2 #3 4
Appropriate Were the data generated from
D2 D2 D2 D2
device the device in question?
Appropriate Was the device used for the
device same intended use (e.g., methods A1 A1 A2 A2
application of deployment, application, etc.)?
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Grading
Suitability
Description Literature Literature Literature Literature#
Criteria
#1 #2 #3 4
data contain sufficient information
report/data
to be able to undertake a rational
collation
and objective assessment?
Type of D1 D2
Clinical data Title (Suitability) (Data Total
Contribution)
#001 Literature: Selection of
the Best Thermal Massage
Treatment for Diabetes by 10 10 20
using Fuzzy Analytical
Clinical Hierarchy Process.
data from
literature #002 Literature:
The Effects of Heat and 10 10 20
Massage Application on
Autonomic Nervous System
#003 Literature:
Effect of transcutaneous 11 10 21
electrical nerve stimulation
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Type of D1 D2
Clinical data Title (Suitability) (Data Total
Contribution)
(TENS) for the management
of postoperative surgical pain
after lower extremity
amputation: a pilot study
#004 Literature:
Feasibility study of
Transcutaneous Electrical 11 10 21
Nerve Stimulation (TENS) for
cancer bone pain
Above clinical data is suitable for use as clinical data about the result of the
evaluation based on the suitability and the contribution.
- 시장 출시 이전의 모든 임상시험
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예시)
4.6 Analysis of the clinical data (MEDDEV 2.7/1 Rev.4 Section 10)
예시)
1) Requirement on safety
A or
Requirements on safety Contents
N/A
Summary of conformity assessment with
requirement on safety.
Analysis whether there are special design features
that pose special safety concerns (e.g. presence
of medicinal, human or animal components) that
where identified in the device risk management
documentation and that required evaluation from
a clinical perspective, and whether these have been
adequately addressed.
Whether the risks identified in the risk
management documentation and literature have
been adequately addressed.
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A or
Requirements on safety Contents
N/A
Whether all the hazards and other clinically
relevant information (e.g. clinical precautions for
reduction of risks, clinical management of risks)
have been identified appropriately.
Whether the safety characteristics and intended
purpose of the device requires training of the
end-user or other precautions, if users foreseen
are adequate, if training requirements and other
precautions are described in the IFU.
Whether there is full consistency between
current knowledge/ the state of the art, the
available clinical data, the information materials
supplied by the manufacturer, and the risk
management documentation for the device.
2) Requirement on performance
A or
Requirements on performance Contents
N/A
Summary of conformity assessment with
requirement on performance.
Description of clinical performance.
For each intended performance, extent to which
evaluation of benefits is possible based on
available data
For each intended performance, limitations of
the data
For each intended performance, description of gaps
For each intended performance, uncertainties or
unanswered questions, and assumptions
Whether available data allows adequate evaluation
of performance, limitations of the data, gaps,
uncertainties or unanswered questions.
Whether there is sufficient clinical evidence for
every intended performance.
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3) Requirement on acceptable benefit/risk profile
A or
Requirements on acceptable benefit/risk profile Contents
N/A
Summary of conformity assessment with
requirement on acceptable benefit/risk profile.
Summary of the total experience with the
device, including estimated numbers and
characteristics of patients exposed to the device
in clinical investigations, PMCF
Summary of the total experience with the
device from other user experience, and in the
market;
duration of follow-up
Nature, extent/severity, probability/frequency,
duration of benefits to the patients and of
undesirable side-effects and other risks.
For each aspect of the intended purpose,
whether the benefit/risk profile including its
uncertainties or unanswered questions is
compatible with a high level of protection of
health and safety, corresponding justifications.
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5 Conclusion
1) Statement that the evaluators agree with the contents of the report 임상평가자의
인적사항과 Signature
2) Final release by the manufacturer. Date, name and signature 임상평가 보고서의
최종 결재
- 35 -
Human Interrelationship (HI)
Relationship Evaluator A or Descriptions
Relationship with Manufacturer
No. No N/A
HI-1 Employment by the manufacturer. N/A -
Family members(Namely spouse or partner living
in the same residence as the evaluator) or
HI-2 N/A -
(Children and adults for whom the evaluators
is legally responsible)
Participation as an investigator in clinical studies
HI-3 of the device, or in pre-clinical testing of the N/A -
device.
Relationship Evaluator A or
Relationship with Manufacturer Descriptions
NO. No N/A
Grants, sources of
Relationship revenue or benefits paid
Contract Evaluator History Related to Clinical
with or promised to be paid
No. No. Evaluation
Manufacturer (over the 36 months
prior to the evaluation)
2021.8.20 Appointed as Clinical
Clinical
CI-01 E-01 Evaluator of Combinational N/A
Evaluator
Stimulator
- 36 -
Ⅲ 참고사항
1 참고 자료
- 37 -
Clinical Evaluation Report
작성방법 가이드라인
코칭기관명 : 지엠씨
품목명 : 삼박수계
목 차
Ⅰ. 문서개요
6. Conclusion ·······························································································60
7. Date of the next clinical evaluation ················································60
8. Date and signature ··············································································60
Ⅲ. 참고사항
1. 참고 자료 ··································································································62
2. 관련 사이트 링크 ·····················································································62
- 40 -
Ⅰ 문서개요
1. Cover page
(2) Content
2.1.2. Summary
임상평가의 개념, 기기의 안전 및 임상 성능을 확보하기 위한 임상평가의 목적,
기기에 적용되는 표준(규격), 임상적 위험과 이득 등에 대한 설명을 기술합니다.
- 41 -
2.1.7. Date of the next clinical evaluation
차기 임상평가 일자를 기록합니다.
2.1.8. Date and signature
임상평가 보고서의 작성일자 및 승인자의 서명을 기록합니다.
2.1.9. Qualification of the responsible evaluators
임상평가 보고서를 최종적으로 승인한 자의 자격에 대하여 설명합니다.
2.1.10. References
임상평가와 관련된 사내 절차 및 관련 계획서와 보고서를 기술합니다.
2 관련 규격 및 가이드라인
1.2.1. Reference
- 42 -
Ⅱ Clinical Evaluation Report
1 Revision history
(1) 각각의 해당란에 개정번호, 개정일자, 작성자 (이름 및 부서명 포함), 변경사항 및
변경의 사유 그리고 변경을 요청받은 내용을 기술합니다.
Author Change and Reason of the Change,
Revision Date
(Name/Dept.) Change Request
0 2020-09-10 Kilgdong Hong Initial release
Revised to meet the requirements of
1 2021-10-20 Kilgdong Hong
European MDR (EU, 2017/745)
- 43 -
2 Summary
3.1 Introduction
임상평가보고서 작성에 관련된 유럽 법규, IEC 규격, ISO 규격, MEDDEV Guidance
또는 MDCG Guidance등을 기술합니다.
예를들면
- Medical Device Regulation (MDR), EU 2017/745
- 44 -
and notified bodies
MDCG 2020-7 Post-market clinical follow-up (PMCF) Plan Template. A guide for
manufacturers and notified bodies, April 2020를 참조하여 작성하는 것이 편리할 것
입니다.
- 45 -
3.4 Identification of the device covered by this clinical evaluation
- 46 -
Contraindications 부작용을 설명합니다.
예를들면
It is prohibited to use the device to a critical patient like below.
- Abnormalities of heart beat,
- abnormalities of breathing,
- lightheadedness,
- dizziness,
- chest pain,
- sweating,
- pre-syncope,
- syncope,
- anxiety.
- pregnant women
Warnings 사용설명서에 기술된 기기 사용시에 주의할 사항을 서술합니다.
일반적으로 사용설명서(Indication for use)에 설명된 사항과 동일하게 작성합니다.
- 47 -
existing EMI/EMC requirements, use of this system in the presence
of an electromagnetic field can cause momentary degradation of the
GMC-1000. If this occurs often, Medicore suggests a review of the
environment in which the system is being used, to identify possible
sources of radiated emissions. These emissions could be from other
electrical devices used within the same room or an adjacent room.
Communication devices such as cellular phones and pagers can
cause these emissions. The existence of radio, TV, or microwave
transmission equipment located nearby can cause emissions. If EMI
causes disturbances, it may be necessary to relocate your system.
Electrostatic discharge (ESD), commonly referred to as a static
shock, is a naturally occurring phenomenon. ESD is most prevalent
during conditions of low humidity, which can be caused by heating
or air conditioning. During low humidity conditions, electrical charges
naturally build up on individuals and can create static shocks. An
ESD condition occurs when an individual with an electrical energy
build-up comes in contact with objects such as metal doorknobs,
file cabinets, computer equipment, and even other individuals. The
static shock or ESD is a discharge of the electrical energy build-up
from a charged individual to a lesser or non-charged individual or
object. The level of electrical energy discharged from a system user
or patient to the GMC-1000 can be significant enough to cause
damage to the system or probes. The following precautions can help
to reduce ESD: anti-static spray on carpets; anti-static spray on
linoleum; anti-static mats; or a ground wire connection between the
system and the patient table or bed.
List and description 본 임상평가 보고서에 적용(해당)되는 제품과 모델들의 목록을 기술합니다.
of any variants 제품(모델)들간의 차이점을 기술합니다.
and/or 해당 사항이 없는 경우에는 NA로 표기합니다.
configurations
covered by this
report
List of any 기기와 함께 사용하는 악세서리에 대한 기술합니다.
accessories covered 예를들면
by this Report PPG probe,
PPG cable
ECG probe
Certificate number CE Marking 인증을 받은 제품의 경우 CE 인증서의 번호를 기술합니다.
(if available) CE Marking 인증을 받지 않은 제품의 경우, N/A로 표기
EMDN code(s) 제품의 EMDN code 번호를 기입합니다.
MDCG 2018-2–Future EU medical device nomenclature: Description
of requirements등의 MDCG Guidance를 참조해야 합니다.
- 48 -
Class MDR Annex VIII (CLASSIFICATION RULES)에 따라 결정한 해당 의료기기
제품의 최종 위험등급을 기술합니다.
예를들면 Class IIa
Classification rule MDR Annex VIII (CLASSIFICATION RULES)에 따라 제품에 적용되는 등급
분류 규칙 번호를 기입합니다.
예를들면 Rule 1 & Rule 10
Expected lifetime 예상되는 제품의 수명을 기술합니다.
예를들면 5 years
Novel product ☐ yes ■no
평가 대상 기기가 기존 시장에 판매되고 있는 제품과 비교하여 혁신적이고 새로운
기술을 적용한 경우 또는 임상적으로 새로운 의도한 사용 목적이 있는지 여부를
판단하는 것입니다.
Novel related clinical ☐ yes ■ no
procedure: 임상 절차에 관련된 새로운 사항이 있는 것인지 여부를 판단합니다.
Explanation of any NA
novel features: 새로운 기능에 대해 설명합니다.
예를들면
예를들면
- 49 -
- IEC60601-1-2 Medical electrical equipment–Part 1-2: General requirements
for basic safety and essential performances–Collateral standard: Electromagnetic
compatibility–Requirements and tests.
예를들면
- HRV, heart rate variability is the degree of fluctuation in the length of the
intervals between heart beats. (Malik & Camm, 1995)
- 50 -
4 Clinical background, current knowledge, state of the art
- 51 -
or Radiological Society of North America etc.
예를들면
Harmonizes standards
IEC60601-1 Medical electrical equipment – Part 1: General requirements for
basic safety and essential performance.
IEC60601-1-2 Medical electrical equipment – Part 1-2: General requirements
for basic safety and essential performances – Collateral standard: Electromagnetic
compatibility – Requirements and tests.
ISO 10993-5 Medical electrical equipment –Part 1: General requirements for
basic safety and essential performance
ISO 10993-10 Biological evaluation of medical devices- part 10: Tests for
irritation and skin sensitization
ISO 10993-23 Biological evaluation of medical devices- part 23: tests for
irritation
Guidance
MEDDEV 2.7.1 Revision 4 of June 2016 on Clinical Evaluation
MDCG 2020-5 Clinical Evaluation – Equivalence. A guide for manufacturers
and notified bodies April 2020
MDCG 2020-6 Regulation (EU) 2017/745: Clinical evidence needed for medical
devices previously CE marked under Directives 93/42/EEC or 90/385/EEC A
guide for manufacturers and notified bodies April 2020
MDCG 2020-7 Post-market clinical follow-up (PMCF) Plan Template. A guide
- 52 -
for manufacturers and notified bodies, April 2020
MDCG 2020-8 Post-market clinical follow-up (PMCF) Evaluation Report
Template. A guide for manufacturers and notified bodies, April 2020
예를들면,
Type of Evaluation A or N/A Contents
Clinical evaluations were
Based on scientific literature currently performed using the currently
A
available available scientific literatures on
equivalent products.
Based on Clinical investigations made N/A -
Based on Whether demonstration of conformity
with essential requirements based on clinical N/A -
data is not deemed appropriate
- 53 -
5.2 Demonstration of equivalence
- 54 -
1. Technical Device 1 (under clinical Device 2 (marketed Identified
characteristics evaluation) device) differences or
Description of Description of conclusion that
characteristics and characteristics and there are no
reference to specifying reference to specifying differences in the
documents documents characteristics
Has similar 1.5
principles of
operation and
critical
performance
requirements
Scientific justification why there would be no clinically significant Clinically
difference in the safety and clinical performance of the device, OR significant
a description of the impact on safety and or clinical performance difference
(Use one row for each of the identified differences in Yes/No
characteristics, and add references to documentation as applicable)
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
이러한 데이터는 기존의 유사 제품이나 동등 제품의 판매후 사후관리 (PMS, Post market
Surveillance) 보고서, 공개 사고 보고 (Vigilance)에 대한 데이터베이스, PMCF (Post-Market
Clinical Follow-up) 보고서, PMCF 임상 연구(Clinical Study), 임상조사 데이터, 현장
안전시정조치(FSCA, Field Safety Corrective Action), 현장안전통지(FSN, Field Safety
Notice) 등이 있습니다.
- 55 -
사고 보고에 대한 데이터 검색은 다음과 같은 공개 사고 보고 데이터베이스를 사용할 수
있습니다.
- 56 -
그리고 검색된 문헌을 다음과 같이 요약합니다.
예를들면,
Date of Aspects of
NO Literature title Author
publishing data
Threat-induced
Sheng-Min Wang, M.D. a, Bora
autonomic
Yeon, M.A. a, SB Hwang, M.D.
dysregulation in
a, HK Lee, M.D., Ph.D. Safety &
1 panic disorder June 2020
YS Kweon, M.D., Ph.D. a, CT Performance
evidenced by heart
Lee, M.D., Ph.D. a, JHo Chae,
rate variability
M.D., Ph.D. b,
measures
Effect of emotion
Sheng-MinWang, M.D.
regulation training in
Ha Lee, M.D., Ph.D. YS Kim,
patients with panic Safety &
2 M.D., Ph.D. Jan 2021
disorder: Evidenced Performance
CT Jung, M.D., Ph.D. JG Chang,
by heart rate
M.D., Ph.D
variability measures
3
4
5
1. 적절성에 대한 평가 기준 사례
Suitability Weight
Description Grading
Criteria (point)
D1 Actual device 3
Appropriate Were the data generated from the Equivalent
D2 2
device device in question? device
D3 Other device 1
A1 Same use 3
Appropriate Was the device used for the same
Minor
device intended use (e.g., methods of A2 2
deviation
- 57 -
Suitability Weight
Description Grading
Criteria (point)
Major
application deployment, application, etc.)? A3 1
deviation
Where the data generated from a P1 Applicable 3
patient group that is representative
Appropriate of the intended treatment population P2 Limited 2
patient group (e.g., age, sex, etc.) and clinical
Different
condition (i.e., disease, including P3 1
population
state and severity)?
R1 High quality 3
Do the reports or collations of data
Acceptable Minor
contain sufficient information to be R2 2
report/data deficiencies
able to undertake a rational and
collation Insufficient
objective assessment? R3 1
information
2. 데이터 기여도에 대한 평가 기준 사례
Suitability Weight
Description Grading
Criteria (point)
T1 Appropriate 2
Data source Was the design of the study
type appropriate? T2 No 1
appropriate
Do the outcome measures reported O1 Appropriate 2
Outcome reflect the intended performance of the
measures No
device? O2 1
appropriate
Is the duration of follow-up long F1 Appropriate 2
enough to assess whether duration of
Follow up
treatment effects and identify No
F2 appropriate 1
complications?
S1 Appropriate 2
Statistical Has a statistical analysis of the data
significance been provided and is it appropriate? S2 No 1
appropriate
C1 Appropriate 2
Clinical Was the magnitude of the treatment
significance effect observed clinically significant? No
C2 1
appropriate
- 58 -
5.6 Analysis of the clinical data
- 59 -
6 Conclusion
- 60 -
10 References
- 61 -
Ⅲ 참고사항
1 참고 자료
MDCG 2020-6 Regulation (EU) 2017/745: Clinical evidence needed for medical
devices previously CE marked under Directives 93/42/EEC or 90/385/EEC A
guide for manufacturers and notified bodies April 2020
2 관련 사이트 링크
⦁https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2017/745/oj
Regulation (EU) 2017/745 of the European Parliament and of the Council of
5 April 2017 on medical devices, amending Directive 2001/83/EC, Regulation
(EC) No 178/2002 and Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 and repealing Council
Directives 90/385/EEC and 93/42/EEC (Text with EEA relevance.) OJ L 117,
- 62 -
5.5.2017
⦁https://ec.europa.eu/health/sites/default/files/md_sector/docs/md_mdcg_2020_6
_ guidance_sufficient_clinical_evidence_en.pdf
MDCG 2020-6 Regulation (EU) 2017/745: Clinical evidence needed for
medical devices previously CE marked under Directives 93/42/EEC or
90/385/EEC A guide for manufacturers and notified bodies April 2020
⦁https://ec.europa.eu/health/sites/default/files/md_sector/docs/mdcg_clinical_
evaluationtemplate_en.pdf
MEDDEV 2.7.1 Rev 4 on clinical evaluation
⦁https://ec.europa.eu/health/sites/default/files/md_sector/docs/md_mdcg_2019_
9_sscp_en.pdf
MDCG 2019-9 Summary of safety and clinical performance A guide for
manufacturers and notified bodies August 2019
⦁https://ec.europa.eu/health/md_sector/new_regulations/guidance_en
EU MDR medical device sector (Guidance - MDCG endorsed documents and
other guidance)
⦁https://ec.europa.eu/health/sites/default/files/md_sector/docs/md_mdcg_2020
_5_guidance_clinical_evaluation_equivalence_en.pdf
MDCG 2020-5 Clinical Evaluation - Equivalence A guide for manufacturers
and notified bodies April 2020
⦁https://ec.europa.eu/health/sites/default/files/md_sector/docs/md_mdcg_2020_
7_guidance_pmcf_plan_template_en.pdf
MDCG 2020-7 Post-market clinical follow-up (PMCF) Plan Template A guide
for manufacturers and notified bodies April 2020
⦁https://ec.europa.eu/health/sites/default/files/md_sector/docs/md_mdcg_2020_8
_ guidance_pmcf_evaluation_report_en.pdf
MDCG 2020-8 Post-market clinical follow-up (PMCF) Evaluation Report Templ
ate A guide for manufacturers and notified bodies April 2020
- 63 -
⦁Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database of the
Food and Drug Administration of United States of America (US FDA)
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfmaude/search.cfm
- 64 -
Clinical Evaluation Report
작성방법 가이드라인
코칭기관명 : ㈜이레경영컨설팅
품목명 : 일회용투관침(2등급)
목 차
Ⅰ. 문서개요
1. Summary ·································································································69
2. Scope of the clinical evaluation ·······················································71
Ⅲ. 참고사항
1. 참고 자료 ··································································································88
2. 관련 사이트 링크 ·····················································································88
- 66 -
Ⅰ 문서개요
(2) Clinical Evaluation Report : 임상평가에 사용된 데이터의 식별, 평가, 분석을 통해
의료기기의 임상적 성능 및 안전성을 입증한 문서이다.
- 67 -
2 관련 규격 및 가이드라인
(2) MEDDEV 2.7/1 (Rev. 4, June 2016): Evaluation of Clinical Data–A Guide for
Manufacturers and Notified Bodies
- 68 -
Ⅱ Clinical Evaluation Report
1 Summary
항 목 내 용
적용부위 복부
- 69 -
항 목 내 용
- 70 -
2 Scope of the clinical evaluation
- 71 -
항 목
의학적 대안이 있는지
동등하다고 추정되는 기기의 이름, 모델, 크기, 소프트웨어와 액세서리를 포함하는 구성요소들
동등성이 이미 입증되었는지 여부
제조자가 의도한 기기의 기술 성능을 포함하는 의도된 성능, 의도된 임상 이득, 제조자가 사용
하고자 하는 임상적 성능과 임상적 안전성에 관한 주장
이전 모델 기기에 근거한 기기의 경우
제조자가 제공하는 정보 자료의 현재 버전 번호 또는 날짜 (라벨, IFU, 아마 제조자에 의해 예
견 가능한 첨부 문서들을 포함하는 이용 할 수 있는 홍보 자료).
임상적 위험
임상평가 범위에서는 기기에 전체적인 설명을 통해 임상평가 범위를 확인할 수 있다. 상기 항목에 따라
아래 예시와 같이 작성될 수 있다.
항목 내용
이름 (품목명) 일회용 투관침
상품 (상품명) AAAA
모델 (모델명) BBBB
적용부위 복부
적응증 일반 외과 등 최소 침습 외과적 수술이 필요한 질병
Class IIa based on Rule 8, Annex VIII,
등급분류
Regulation(EU)2017/745
기기가 현재 유럽 또는 다른 국가에서 시장에 출시되
해당없음
어 있는지 여부
① 범주: 외부 통신 장치
점막과의 접촉/ 침입성/ 이식 ② 접촉 : 조직, 뼈, 상아질
③ 접촉 시간: A–제한(≤24hr)
1) 염증
부작용
2) 과민반응 등
1) 의료기기 용도 이외의 용도로 사용하지 마십시오.
금기사항 2) 가연성 환경 또는 가연성 가스/액체 근처에서
사용하지 마십시오.
1회 사용/ 재사용 가능 일회용
제조자가 의도한 기기의 기술 성능을 포함하는 의 1) 의도된 성능
도된 성능, 의도된 임상 이득, 제조자가 사용하고 2) 임상적 이점
자 하는 임상적 성능과 임상적 안전성에 관한 주장 3) 임상 안전성
- 72 -
3 Clinical background, current knowledge, state of the art
2) 적용 가능한 표준 및 지침 문서
7) 사용자 유형
- 73 -
[예시 Clinical background, current knowledge, state of the art]
...
걸쳐 널리 사용되고 있다.
최근 복강경 장비의 발달과 수술기의 발달로 이전에는 불가능하리라 여겨졌던 많은 수술들이 복강경으로
실시되고 있다.
...
앞에서 언급한 수술 외에도 복강경으로 대장절제술, 비장 절제술, 췌장미부 절제술, 그리고 간 절제술까지
거의 모든 수술을 복강경으로 실시하고 있는 추세이다.
- 74 -
4 Device under evaluation
(2) 수행한 임상 조사 또는
(2) 제조자는 동등기기와 동등기기의 제조자를 식별하고, 동등기기의 정확한 명칭, 모델,
사이즈, 소프트웨어, 버전, 액세서리 등. 제조자 명. 평가 중인 기기와의 관계 (전 모델/
후속 모델, 기타). 규제 현황. 해당 기기가 CE 인증을 받았다면, 데이터 사용에 대한
타당한 이유를 작성
- 75 -
[예시 Demonstration of equivalence]
Type
Diameter (mm)
Connection type
Indication
Intended Use
User profile
Clinical
Target
Population
Therapeutic
Application Site
Contraindication
Biological
Raw Material
Biocompatibility
[Gap analysis]
Different #1
....
제조자가 보유한 데이터를 식별하는 항목으로 임상평가 보고서에서 제품의 임상적 성능 및 안전성을 입
증할 데이터 리스트를 작성
- 76 -
(3) 부작용
(4) 금기사항
(5) 사용성 검증 보고서
(6) 유통기한 시험성적서
(7) E.O 멸균 검증 보고서
(8) 포장 시험성적서
(9) 사용자 청소 확인 보고서
(10) 사용 지침
번호 문헌명
1 트로카 임상문헌 #1 제목
2 트로카 임상문헌 #2 제목
... ...
번호 문헌명
1 트로카 최신기술 문헌 #1 제목
2 트로카 최신기술 문헌 #2 제목
... ..
[첨부]: 임상문헌검색 프로토콜 & 임상문헌검색 보고서
- 77 -
5 Summary and Appraisal of the clinical data
(1) 제조자가 보유한 데이터를 평가하는 항목으로 임상평가 보고서에서 제품의 임상적 성능
및 안전성을 입증할 데이터들의 평가(Appraisal) 작성
- 위험관리
통제 조치가 취해진 잠재적 위험에 대한 위험 분석 결과. 부작용은 당사 제품 사용에 있어
가장 큰 위험 요소로 간주되었습니다. 그러나 다양한 테스트를 통해 당사 제품이 그러한
위험으로부터 안전하다는 것이 나타났습니다. 추가로 발생할 수 있는 모든 위험은 모든 위험을
제거하기 위해 사용 설명서에도 명시되어 있습니다. 그런 다음 모든 잔류 위험이 허용
가능한 수준으로 낮아졌습니다. 또한, 전체 잔여 위험과 제품 이득을 평가한 결과, 이득이
잔여 위험보다 더 큰 것으로 나타났습니다. 이 위험 관리 분석을 통해 당사 제품의
안전성을 검증했습니다.
[첨부] : 위험관리파일
- 시험 성적서
당사의 기기는 성능, 통기한 시험을 거쳤습니다. 그리고 ISO 10993-1에 의거하여 생체적
합성 시험을 진행하였으며, 이에 따라 다음과 같이 각 수준에 맞는 결과를 얻었다. 관련
- 78 -
규격 및 요구사항과 비교한 성능 테스트 결과 이 회사 제품은 성능에 문제가 없는 것으로
나타났다. 아래 표를 참조하십시오.
성능 시험
시험 규격 시험 항목 시험성적서 번호 발행일자 시험결과 시험소
자사규격 외과 시험 합격 시험소명
자사규격 치수 시험 합격
자사규격 ..... 시험 성적서 번호 XXXX,XX.XX 합격 또는
생체적합성 시험
- E.O 가스 멸균 밸리데이션
당사 제품은 완전 제조 후 E.O Gas 멸균 처리됩니다. 당사 제품의 E.O Gas 멸균은 외주
업체를 통해 진행됩니다. E.O Gas 멸균 밸리데이션은 ISO 11135에 따라 진행되었으며 당사
제품의 멸균 공정이 적절하고 멸균 제품의 미생물이 멸균 보증 수준 10-6 이하로 보장됨을
확인하였습니다. 따라서 제품의 멸균 성능이 확인되었습니다.
- 79 -
5.2 Data retrieved from literature
배경
담낭이나 위장에 대한 복강경 수술을 위한 모든 견인기는 간이나 담낭의 아래쪽 표면에 위쪽으로 힘을
가하므로 대부분 추가 피부 절개가 필요합니다.....
방법
이 연구는 이중 센터, 단일 외과의사, 오픈 라벨 연구였으며 담낭 절제술, 1차 위 밴드 수술 또는 안저
절제술을 포함한 일상적인 상복부 복강경 수술을 받을 예정인 10명의 환자를 모집했습니다....
결과
모든 환자에서 1차 및 2차 성능 및 안전 목표를 모두 달성했습니다. 심각한 유해 사례 및 기기 관련 유해
사례 또는 기기 결함은 보고되지 않았습니다....
결론
임상적으로 심각한 외상 없이 효과적인 간 수축을 달성했으며 다중 또는 단일 포트 복강경 상복부 수술에
잠재적으로 적용할 수 있습니다....
비평적 검토
연구와 관련된 내용을 아래 항목을 포함하여 요약 내용 작성
: 연구 목적
: 연구 설계
: 연구에서 사용된 기기
: 연구 결과 및 통계적 기법
: 연구 결론
이 문헌에서 확인된 연구내용과 해당 기기의 임상적 성능과 임상적 안전성(2.0 Scope of Clinical
Evaluation)의 일치나 적절성을 확인할 수 있는 내용을 요약 작성
- 80 -
6 Data Analysis
(2) 종합분석 결과
- 81 -
(6) 현 지식/최신 기술, 활용 가능한 임상 데이터, 제조자가 제공한 정보 자료 및 기기의
위험 관리 문서 사이에 완전한 일관성이 있는지 여부
(8) 이용가능한 데이터로 충분한 성능 평가가 가능한지 여부, 데이터의 한계, 격차, 불확실성
또는 대답이 나오지 않은 문제. 모든 의도된 성능에 대한 충분한 임상 증거가 있는지
여부
- 성능시험
일회용투관침는 성능이 중요하므로 이에 대한 테스트 및 검증 데이터를 보유하고 있습니다.
당사 제품의 성능은 성능시험성적서에 따라 제품의 성능적 효과가 입증되었습니다.
- 82 -
6.3 Requirement on Benefit-risk ratio (MDR GSPR 8)
(4) 의도된 목적의 각 측면에 대하여, 불확실성이나 대답이 나오지 않은 문제들을 포함하여
이득/위험 프로파일이 높은 수준의 건강 보호와 안전과 양립하는지 여부, 그에 대한
타당한 이유 작성
- 83 -
- 부작용
당사 제품과 관련된 부작용은 문헌 검토를 통해 확인되었으며 기기 사용 지침은 당사
제품과 유사합니다.
따라서 당사의 제품은 본래의 용도로 사용되었을 때 환자가 안전하게 사용할 수 있도록
설계 및 제조되었다고 할 수 있습니다.
- 금기사항
따라서 당사의 제품은 본래의 용도로 사용되었을 때 환자가 안전하게 사용할 수 있도록
설계 및 제조되었다고 할 수 있습니다.
- 이득-위험 결정
이득 분석
이득 형태 - 최소 침습 절차를 수행할 때 개복수술에 비해 환자의 흉터를 줄입니다.
수술시간,
이득 크기 혈액 손실,
입원기간
하나 이상의 혜택
1) 임상문헌 #1 ...
을 경험한 환자의 2) 임상문헌 #2 ..
3) ...
확률
위험 분석
위해요인 사례의 1) 염증
유형 및 심각도 2) 과민반응 등
위해요인 사례의
어떠한 임상문헌에서도 발견되지 않았다.
확률
위험관리보고서
위험감소 및 식별
이상사례 검색 보고서
투관침의 사용은 염증, 과민 반응 등의 위험을 초래할 수 있습니다. 그러나 위의 위험은
이득-위험 분석 이미 위험 관리를 통해 통제됩니다. 그리고 트로카를 사용한 복강경수술 치료는 환자의
결론 흉터를 줄이고 삶의 질을 향상시켰다. 결과적으로 투관침은 일반외과에서 사용성, 적용성,
안전성을 고려한 가장 효과적인 치료 방법입니다.
- 84 -
이득 분석
...
위에서 언급한 사실을 바탕으로 당사의 트로카가 현지식과 최신기술을 충족했음을 확인할
수 있다. 이미 알려진 부작용으로 인한 위해요인 및 위험의 발생가능성은 여전히 존재
하지만, 이러한 결과는 당사 제품을 사용함으로써 얻는 임상적 이익이 사용으로 인한
위험보다 크다는 것을 나타낸다.
7 Conclusion
(4) 의도된 사용자와 사용성 측면에 있어서, 기기의 사용 설명서를 포함하는 기기의 적합성
작성
- 85 -
8 PMS & PMCF study
- 사후 시장 감시 & 시판 후 임상 추적 연구
[첨부]: 사후 시장 감시 계획
- 86 -
10 Dates and signatures
(1) 임상 평가 보고서의 날짜 작성
작성
검토
승인
- 87 -
Ⅲ 참고사항
1 참고 자료
(2) MEDDEV 2.7/1 (Rev. 4, June 2016): Evaluation of Clinical Data–A Guide for
Manufacturers and Notified Bodies
(3) MEDDEV 2.12/2 (Rev. 2, January 2012)- Guidelines on post market clinical
follow-up
2 관련 사이트 링크
임상문헌검색 관련 사이트
이상반응검색 관련 사이트
- 88 -
Clinical Evaluation Report
작성방법 가이드라인
코칭기관명 : 와이즈컴퍼니(주)
품목명 : 일회용손조절식전기수술기용전극
목 차
Ⅰ. 문서개요
0. Summary ·································································································93
1. Purpose and Scope of Clinical Evaluation Report ······················97
2. Specification of the intended purpose of the device ···············98
3. Alternative treatment (Legacy Device) ·········································101
4. Identification of pertinent data (Stage 1) ··································102
5. Appraisal of pertinent data (Stage 2) ·········································106
6. Analysis of clinical data ····································································109
7. Device under evaluation ···································································113
8. Date of the next clinical evaluation ·············································117
9. Date and signature ············································································118
10. Appendix I Checklist for the release of the clinical evaluation
report ···································································································119
Ⅲ. 참고사항
1. 참고 자료 ································································································122
2. 관련 사이트 링크 ···················································································123
- 90 -
Ⅰ 문서개요
- 91 -
9) Date and signature
10) Appendix I Checklist for the release of the clinical evaluation report
2 관련 규격 및 가이드라인
1.2.1. 적용 규격
(2) Regulation(EU) 2017/745, Annex XIV Clinical evaluation and Post market
clinical follow-up
- 92 -
Ⅱ Clinical Evaluation Report
0 Summary
2.0.1. 대상 제품 정보
- 93 -
No. Criteria Y/N Remark
Specifically to be used for disinfecting It is not a device used for disinfecting
10 N
medical device? medical device
Device intended for recording of It is not a device used for recording
11 N
X-ray diagnostic images? of X-ray diagnostic images
Device utilizing non-viable animal tissues It is not a device utilizing non-viable
12 N
or derivative? animal tissues or derivative
13 Is this product a blood bag? N It is not a blood bag
Devices incorporating or consisting of It is not a device incorporating or
14 N
nanomaterial? consisting of nanomaterial
Devices that are composed of substances
or of combinations of substances that are
It is not a device intended to be
intended to be introduced into the
introduced into the human body via a
15 human body via a body orifice or N
body orifice or applied to the skin.
applied to the skin and that are
It is not an absorbable device.
absorbed by or locally dispersed in
the human body
It is not an active therapeutic devices
Active therapeutic devices with an
with an integrated or incorporated
integrated or incorporated diagnostic
16 N diagnostic function which significantly
function which significantly determines
determines the patient management
the patient management by the device
by the device
17 Is this in sterile condition? Y It is subject to EO sterilization.
Rule 9 according to Annex VIII Classification Rule of REGULATION (EU) 2017/74
Active therapeutic devices intended to administer or exchange energy in a potentially
hazardous way are classified as class IIb
(5) 의도한 사용: It is intended for cutting and coagulation to remove soft
tissue and control bleeding during electro surgery
(6) 제품사진:
- 94 -
(7) 제품 적용 규격
1) EN ISO 13485:2016 Medical Devices -Quality Management System.
2) Regulation EU 2017/745 Medical deviceregulation
3) EN ISO 10993-1:2020Biological evaluation of medical devices-Part 1:
Evaluation and testingwithin a risk management process (ISO
10993-1:2018, including corrected version2018-10)
4) EN ISO 10993-5:2009 Biological evaluation of medical devices -Part 5:
Tests for in vitro cytotoxicity (ISO 10993-5:2009)
5) EN ISO 10993-7:2008/AC:2009 Biological evaluation of medical devices-
Part 7: Ethylene oxide sterilization residuals-Technical Corrigendum 1
(ISO10993-7:2008/Cor 1:2009)
6) EN ISO 10993-10:2013 Biologicalevaluation of medical devices-Part 10:
Tests for irritation and skinsensitization (ISO 10993-10:2010)
7) EN ISO 10993-11:2018 Biological evaluation of medical devices-Part11:
Tests for systemic toxicity (ISO 10993-11:2017)
8) EN 1041:2008 Information supplied by themanufacturer of medical devices.
9) EN ISO 15223-1:2016 Medical devices–Symbols to be used with medical
device labels, labelling and information to besupplied–Part 1: General
requirements.
10) EN ISO 14971:2019 Medical devices -Application of risk management to
medical devices (ISO 14971:2019)
11) EN 60601-1-2: 2015/A1:2021: Medicalelectrical equipment-Part 1-2: General
requirements for basic safety andessential performance- Collateral
Standard: Electromagnetic disturbances -Requirements and tests
12) EN 60601-2-2: :2018: Medical electricalequipment-Part 2-2: Particular
requirements for the basic safety andessential performance of high
frequency surgical equipment and high frequencysurgical accessories
13) EN ISO 11135:2014/A1:2019 Sterilization ofhealth-care products- Ethylene
oxide-Requirements for the development,validation and routine control
of a sterilization process for medical devices -Amendment 1: Revision
of Annex E, Single batch release (ISO 11135:2014/Amd1:2018)
14) EN 556-1:2001/AC:2006 Sterilization ofmedical devices-Requirements for
medical devices to be designated "STERILE"-Part 1: Requirements for
terminally sterilized medicaldevices.
- 95 -
15) EN ISO 11737-1:2018 Sterilization of healthcare products- Microbiological
methods-Part 1: Determination of a populationof microorganisms on
products (ISO 11737-1:2018)
16) EN ISO 11737-2:2020 Sterilization of healthcare products- Microbiological
methods-Part 2: Tests of sterility performedin the definition, validation
and maintenance of a sterilization process (ISO11737-2:2019)
17) EN ISO 11607-1:2020 Packaging forterminally sterilized medical devices-Part
1: Requirements for materials,sterile barrier systems and packaging
systems (ISO 11607-1:2019)
18) EN ISO 11607-2:2020 Packaging forterminally sterilized medical devices-
Part 2: Validation requirements forforming, sealing and assembly
processes (ISO 11607-2:2019)
19) EN ISO 14644-1:2015 Cleanrooms andassociated controlled environments-
Part 1: Classification of air cleanlinessby particle concentration (ISO
14644-1:2015)
20) EN ISO 14644-2:2015 Cleanrooms andassociated controlled environments-
Part 2: Monitoring to provide evidence ofcleanroom performance
related to air cleanliness by particle concentration (ISO14644-2:2015)
21) ISTA 2019 Guidelines for Selecting andUsing ISTA® Test Procedures
and Projects.
22) IEC 62366-1:2015 Medical devices–Part 1:Application of usability engineering
to medical devices
23) IEC/TR 62366-2:2016 Medical devices–Part2: Guidance on the application
of usability engineering to medical devices
24) ISO/TR 20416 Medical devices–Post market surveillance for manufacturers
25) MDCG 2020-5 Guidance onClinical Evaluation-Equivalence. A guide for
manufacturers and notifiedbodies
26) MDCG 2020-6 Guidance onSufficient Clinical Evidence for Legacy
Devices
- 96 -
1 Purpose and Scope of Clinical Evaluation Report
1.1 Purpose
The purpose of the clinical evaluation report is to evaluate collected
clinical data to:
1.1.1 confirm conformity with relevant general safety and performance
requirements set out in Annex I of Regulation (EU)2017/745 under the
normal conditions of the intended use of the device under evaluation,
and to
1.1.2 evaluate the undesirable side-effects and of the acceptability of the
benefit-risk-ratio referred to in Section 1 and 8 of Annex I Regulation
(EU)2017/745.
1.2 Scope
The products applicable to this clinical evaluation report are asfollows.
Manufacturer: XXX
1.3 References
- Regulation(EU) 2017/745 Article 61 and Annex XIV
- MDCG 2020-5 Clinical Evaluation – Equivalence
- MDCG 2020-6 Regulation (EU) 2017/745: Clinical evidence needed for medical
devices previously CE marked under Directives 93/42/EEC or 90/385/EEC
- MEDDEV 2.7/1 Rev. 4 Clinical Evaluation
- 97 -
2 Specification of the intended purpose of the device
2.2.1. 제품 정보
- 98 -
5. Intended purpose : It is intended for cutting and coagulation to remove soft
tissue and control bleeding during electro surgery.
It is compatible with most electrosurgical generators.
6. Intended user : It shall be used by professional surgeon or physicians.
7. Indication : It (General Pencil, Slim Pencil, Smoke Pencil, Telescopic
evacuation Pencil) is used for general electrosurgery such
as cutting and coagulation.
- 99 -
12. Contraindications : Do not use monopolar electrosurgery on small appendages, as in
circumcision or finger surgery.
13. Side effects : There is no known side effect.
14. Principles of : An electrosurgical unit (ESU) consists of a generator and a
operation handpiece with one or more electrodes. The device is controlled
(Mechanism of using a switch on the handpiece. The electrosurgical unit
action) is the source of the voltage (alternating current).
In monopolar electrodes, radiofrequency current flows
from the generator through the active electrode, into the
target tissue, through the patient, the dispersive electrode,
and then returns to the generator.
Electrical current flows when electrons from one atom move
to an adjacent atom through a circuit. Heat is produced
when electrons encounter resistance. For the current to
flow, a continuous circuit is needed. In the operating room,
the circuit is composed of the patient, the electrosurgical
generator, the active electrode, and the return electrodes.
Electrical energy is converted to heat in tissue as the
tissue resists the flow of current from the electrode.
15. Organs / parts of : The product contact with the patient's tissues.
the body /
tissues or body
fluids contacted
by the device
16. Duration of use : It will be use less than 60 mins.
or contact with It does contact with patients.
the body
17. Repeat : It is single use device.
applications
18. Single use / : It is single use device.
reusable
19. Electrical : No Test item Test criteria
specifications
1 Generator output frequency 500kHz
2 Power at 300 or 500 ohms 300W (500 ohms)
3 A peak voltage rating 5kV (10kV, peak-to-peak)
- 100 -
3 Alternative treatment (Legacy Device)
2.3.1. 대체 가능 제품 여부 및 평가
Bipolar electrosurgery
Bipolar electrosurgery uses lower voltages so less energy is required. But,
because it has limited ability to cut and coagulate large bleeding areas, it is
more ideally used for those procedures where tissues can be easily grabbed
on both sides by the forceps electrode. Electrosurgical current in the patient
is restricted to just the tissue between the arms of the forceps electrode.
This gives better control over the area being targeted and helps prevent
damage to other sensitive tissues. With bipolar electrosurgery, the risk of
patient burns is reduced significantly. In the most common techniques, the
surgeon uses forceps that are connected to the electrosurgical generator.
The current moves through the tissue that is held between the forceps.
Because the path of the electricalcurrent is confined to the tissue between
the two electrodes, it can be used inpatients with implanted devices to
prevent electrical current from passing through the device causing a
short-circuit or misfire.
Monopolar Electrosurgery
Monopolar electrosurgery can be used for several modalities including cut,
blend, desiccation, and fulguration. Using a pencil instrument, the active
electrode is placed in the entry site and can be used to cut tissue and
coagulate bleeding. The return electrode pad is attached to the patient, so
the electrical current flows from the generator to the electrode through the
target tissue, to the patient return pad, and back to the generator.
Monopolar electrosurgery is the most commonly used because of its
versatility and effectiveness.
- 101 -
4 Identification of pertinent data (Stage 1)
- 102 -
Technical;
be of similar design ...... ......
Design specification ...... ......
used under the same conditions of
...... ......
use
Packaging type ...... ......
Tip Configuration(s) ...... ......
Power supply ...... ......
have similar Electrical Connector ...... ......
specification Generator output
...... ......
s and frequency
properties Power ...... ......
Blade length ...... ......
Electrode dimension ...... ......
Raw material ...... ......
use similar deployment methods ...... ......
have similar principles of operation
...... ......
and
Critical performance requirements. ...... ......
Shelf life ...... ......
CE mark ...... ......
Biological;
Biological test ...... ......
Body contact category (Table A.1
...... ......
of ISO 10993-1)
Body contact ...... ......
Uses the same materials or
substances in contact with the ...... ......
same human tissues or body fluids
Similar kind and duration of
contact with the same human ...... ......
tissues or body fluids
Sterile ...... ......
Single use ...... ......
- 103 -
4.2.3 Overall demonstration of equivalence
Evaluation of affects arising
from differences between the
Clinical Comparison device under evaluation and the
device presumed to be
equivalent
used for the same clinical condition ....
(including when applicable similar severity
Equivalent
and stage of disease, same medical
indication)
used for the same intended purpose Equivalent ....
used at the same site in the body Equivalent ....
Same kind of user Equivalent ....
used in a similar population (this may ....
relate to age, gender, anatomy, physiology, Equivalent
possibly other aspects)
Similar relevant critical performance in ....
view of the expected clinical effect for a Equivalent
specific intended purpose
be of similar design Equivalent ....
used under the same conditions of use Equivalent ....
Packaging type Equivalent ....
Tip Configuration(s) Equivalent ....
have Power supply Equivalent ....
similar Electrical Connector Equivalent ....
specificatio Generator output frequency Equivalent ....
ns and Power Equivalent ....
properties Blade length Equivalent ....
Electrode dimension Similar ....
Raw material Equivalent ....
use similar deployment methods Equivalent ....
have similar principles of operation and Equivalent ....
Critical performance requirements. Equivalent ....
Shelf life Equivalent ....
The
equivalent
CE mark ....
device is CE
marked
Biological evaluation Equivalent ....
Materials or substances in contact with ....
Equivalent
human body
- 104 -
Evaluation of affects arising
from differences between the
Clinical Comparison device under evaluation and the
device presumed to be
equivalent
Nature of body contact Equivalent ....
Sterility and number of uses Equivalent ....
- 105 -
5 Appraisal of pertinent data (Stage 2)
- 106 -
5.3 Research of adverse event of equivalent and similar device on the market
FDA Medical Device Recall
Search Term
Event type
No of Adverse event
No. Manufacturer Product Device problem
1 Event Description
A. Have the efficacy and safety of the device proven through realmarket
experience?
② clinical literatures
In market research, we have not found asingle adverse event associated
with similar devices on the market. Even inRecall when searched with
device name appointed by the U.S. FDA covering 3yearsfrom January 2017
to December 2020. Efficacy and safety of the device have beenproven
through real market experience.
ii. We found one literature show that there might have harm related to
smoke caused by the device so this issue has been considered in Risk
management.
iii. We decided to add such information in the instruction for use as warning.
C. Based on the result of literature search and review, is the device under
evaluation, expected to fulfill performance and safety requirements?
Critical performance to fulfill performance and safety requirements are
considered as below.
- 107 -
We have confirmed that the device under evaluation delivers these
performances through objective evidence.
Applied harmonized standards and/or
Requirement performance Supporting evidence
common specification
• EN ISO 10993-1
• EN ISO 10993-5
Biocompatibility • EN ISO 10993-7
• EN ISO 10993-10
• EN ISO 10993-11
Cutting test • In-house
Smoke suction test • In-house
Electrical Performance • IEC 60601-2-2
EMC test • IEC 60601-1-2
• EN ISO 11135
• EN 556-1
Maintaining sterile • EN ISO 11737-1
condition until the point • EN ISO 11737-2
of use • EN ISO 11607-1
• EN ISO 11607-2
• ISTA 2A
5.5 Conclusion
i. possible complications;
- 108 -
6 Analysis of clinical data
2.6.1. 임상데이터 평가
- 109 -
Requirement Method adopted by the manufacturer and evidence
i. Method
purpose. ii. Evidence
iii. Conclusion
Ensuring the device is safe and effective and does not
compromise the clinical condition of safety of person
involved with medical device
① Method
Device shall be safe
a. Risk control based on clinical evidence
and effective and
b. Risk control based on adverse event data of similar device
shall not
on the market
compromise the
c. Designing the device and establishing manufacturing
clinical condition or
process to fulfil required performance characteristics to
safety of persons
ensure the device achieves its intended use
involved with
② Evidence
medical device.
a. Demonstration of equivalent made to the device
Any risks which
b. Characteristics of undesirable side effects associated
may be associated
with the equivalent device found from literature study,
with their use shall
and how they are considered through risk management
constitute
process
acceptable risks
c. Characteristics of adverse events associated with the
when weighed
equivalent device found from market research, and how
against the benefits
they are considered through risk management process
to the patient and
Ensuring all risks which may be associated with use of the
are compatible with
device constitute acceptable risks when weighed against
a high level of
the benefits to the patient and are compatible with a high
protection of health
level of protection of health and safety, taking into account
and safety, taking
the generally acknowledged state of the art.
into account the
① Method
generally
② Evidence
acknowledged state
a. Acceptability of overall residual risks
of the art.
b. Compatible with high level of protection of health and
safety associated with the device under evaluation,
taking into account the generally acknowledged state of
the art.
- 110 -
In eliminating or reducing risks related to use error, the manufacturer shall
reduce as far as possible the risks relatedt o the ergonomic features of the
device and the environment in which the device is intended to be used
(design for patient safety), and give consideration to the technical knowledge,
experience, education, training and use environment, where applicable, and
the medical and physical conditions of intended users(design for lay,
professional, disabled or other users).
All known and foreseeable risks, and any undesirable side-effects, shall be
minimised and be acceptable when weighed against the evaluated benefits to
the patient and/or user arising from the achieved performance of the device
during normal conditions of use.
Minimise all known Minimising all known and foreseeable risks and any
and foreseeable risks undesirable side-effect
and any undesirable ① Method
side-effect a. Risk control in accordance with applicable harmonized
- 111 -
Requirement Method adopted by the manufacturer and evidence
standards
b. Risk control based on clinical evidence
c. Risk control based on adverse event data of similar
device on the market
② Evidence
a. Risk control in accordance with applicable harmonized
standards
b. Risk control based on clinical evidence
c. Risk control based on adverse event data of similar
device on the market
Residual risks shall
be acceptable when
weighed against the
evaluated benefits to Ensuring residual risks are acceptable when weighed
the patient and/or against the evaluated benefits to the patient and/or user
user arising from the ① Method
achieved performance ② Evidence
of the device during
normal conditions of
use.
- 112 -
7 Device under evaluation
2.7.1. 임상 조사 및 PMCF 대상 여부 확인
- 113 -
No. Aspects Explanation Supporting documents
Q1: Have the efficacy and
safety of the device
proven through real
market experience?
A:.....
Q2: What are the known
risks of the device in the
market?
A:.....
Q3: Based on the result
Whether the data of concern of literature search and
12 are amenable to evaluation review, is the device .....
through a clinical investigation. under evaluation, expected
to fulfill performance and
safety requirements?
A:.....
Q4: Does the device
under evaluation have
sufficient safety and
performance compared to
existing product on the
market with CE marking?
A:.....
- 114 -
Circumstances Evaluation and justification Applicability
7.3 Conclusion
- 115 -
according to current knowledge/the state of the art in the device and
according to available medical alternatives is acceptable. Refer to the Risk
Management Report, XXX-RMR-01 for full records of risk management
process.
The risks which the residual risks were determined unacceptable were
evaluated to determine whether benefit from use of device outweigh residual.
It is demonstrated that the benefit from usage of the device outweighs
residual risks and overall residual risk is acceptable.
- 116 -
8 Date of the next clinical evaluation
2.8.1. 다음 임상평가 작성 일정
8.1.1 the manufacturer receives new information from PMCF that has the
potential to change the current evaluation, in which, we will inform
the notified body for significant updates of our clinical evaluation
arising from PMCF.
8.2 When updating the clinical evaluation, the evaluators should verify:
8.3.1 stop placing the devices on the market until conformity is restored
and take necessary corrective and preventive action.
- 117 -
9 Date and signature
9.1 Manufacturer and Evaluator (Dr. XXX) declares to agree with the contents
and conclusion of this report.
Writer 2021.XX.XX
2021.XX.XX
Reviewer
Intended user 2021.XX.XX
Approver 2021.XX.XX
There are requirements for evaluator who participate to review this report
in accordance with Section 6.4 of MEDDEV 2.7/1 Rev 4.
The evaluators should have at least the following training and experience
in the relevant field:
Our evaluator, Dr. XXX is qualified person in accordance with the requirement.
- 118 -
Appendix I Checklist for the release of the clinical evaluation
10
report
(1) MEDDEV 2.7/1 Rev. 4, A10. Proposed checklist for the release of the
clinical evaluation report를 참조하여 작성하였다.
• If clinical data have been generated and are held by the manufacturer, are all data
mentioned and adequately summarized in the report?
Yes, it is summarized in Section 7 Device under evaluation of Clinical
Evaluation report (CER-XXX-01)
• If equivalence is claimed,
- is demonstration of equivalence included in the report?
- does the report disclose all the differences between the device under evaluation and
the equivalent device?
- does it explain why the differences are not expected to affect the clinical performance
and clinical safety of the device?
Yes. Comparison with similar product is addressed in Clinical Evaluation report
(CER-XXX-01)
• If the product is already in the market in Europe or elsewhere, has the latest PMS/
PMCF data been taken into consideration and has it been summarized and referenced
in the report?
Yes, it is summarized in Section 7 Device under evaluation of Clinical
Evaluation report (CER-XXX-01)
- 119 -
- does the content of the report fully correspondto current knowledge/ the state of the
art?
- does the report explain why the benefit/riskprofile and the undesirable side-effects
are acceptable in relation to currentknowledge/ the state of the art?
The latest revision no of this report is Rev. 9
• If the report covers several models/ sizes/settings and/or different clinical situations, is
there sufficient clinical evidence and are the report’s conclusions correct for
- all the devices?
- all its sizes, models and settings? (including the smallest/ largest size, highest/lowest
dose, etc.)
- every medical indication? (as described in the IFU/ not excluded with contraindications
in the IFU)
- the entire target population? (from pre term infants to old age, for males and females,
etc., if not restricted in the IFU)
- every form, stage and severity of the medical condition, as applicable?(including the
most severe/ most benign forms, acute/ chronic stage, if not excluded in the IFU)
- all intended users? (including lay persons, if not excluded in the IFU, and any unusual
user group)
- thewhole duration of product use, including the maximal number of repeatedexposure?
(as allowed by the IFU)
- if there are any discrepancies as to the above, are they identified in the report’s
conclusions?
There is one brand name called XXX.
Literature, Clinical data, Comparison with similar product and market research
were reviewed in the report
- 120 -
• Is the report dated?
Clinical Evaluation report (CER-XXX-01)was prepared on 2021.XX.XX as Rev. 9
• Does the manufacturer hold a CV and declarationof interests of each of the evaluators
and are these up-to-date?
Yes, CV of participants is attached in Clinical Evaluation Report and Declaration
of interests is signed by evaluator. This document is attached and they are up
to date.
- 121 -
Ⅲ 참고사항
1 참고 자료
(1) MEDDEV 2.12/2 rev 2: Post Market Clinical Follow-Up Studies: A Guide
for Manufacturers and Notified Bodies
(2) Regulation (EU) 2017/745 of the European Parliament and of the Council
of 5 April 2017 on medical devices
- 122 -
2 관련 사이트 링크
2.1. 문서 작성 시 관련 참조 사이트
- 123 -
Clinical Evaluation Report
작성방법 가이드라인
코칭기관명 : ㈜이레경영컨설팅
품목명 : 임시치관용레진(2등급)
- 125 -
목 차
Ⅰ. 문서개요
1. Summary ·······························································································129
2. Scope of the clinical evaluation ·····················································130
Ⅲ. 참고사항
1. 참고 자료 ································································································147
2. 관련 사이트 링크 ···················································································147
- 126 -
Ⅰ 문서개요
(2) Clinical Evaluation Report : 임상평가에 사용된 데이터의 식별, 평가, 분석을 통해
의료기기의 임상적 성능 및 안전성을 입증한 문서이다.
2 관련 규격 및 가이드라인
(2) MEDDEV 2.7/1 (Rev. 4, June 2016): Evaluation of Clinical Data–A Guide for
Manufacturers and Notified Bodies
- 127 -
(4) MDCG 2020-05 Clinical Evaluation _ Equivalence
(5) MDCG 2020-06 Guidance on Sufficient Clinical Evidence for Legacy Devices
- 128 -
Ⅱ Clinical Evaluation Report
1 Summary
항 목 내 용
적용부위 Teeth
제품 외관 제품사진 기재
- 129 -
항 목 내 용
항목
이름 (품목명)
상품 (상품명)
모델 (모델명)
적용부위
적응증
등급분류
소프트웨어 및 액세서리를 포함한 기기의 구성요소
장치가 속한 그룹 (Code)
기기에 CE 마크가 있는지 여부
- 130 -
항목
기기가 현재 유럽 또는 다른 국가에서 시장에 출시되어 있는지 여부
기기가 시장에 나온 시기
시장에 출시된 기기의 수
기기의 의도된 목적
환자 인구군 (성인/ 어린이/ 소아, 다른 측면)
의도된 사용자 (보건 의료 전문가/ 비전문가에 의한 사용)
유효기간
재적용 횟수나 지속기간에 관한 제한을 포함하는, 반복 적용
점막과의 접촉/ 침입성/ 이식
부작용
금기사항
제조자가 요구하는 주의사항
1회 사용/ 재사용 가능
기술 규격, 기계적 특징
기기에 접촉되는 장기/ 신체 부분/ 조직 또는 체액
사용 기간 또는 신체 접촉 기간
멸균
기기가 의도된 목적을 달성하는 방법
환자/사용자와 접촉(직접 또는 간접)하는 재료에 초점을 둔, 기기에 사용되는 재료. 해당 신체 부위에 관한 설명
사용방법
간결한 물리적, 화학적 설명
의약물질, 동물 조직 또는 혈액 성분을 포함하는지 여부, 성분의 목적
의학적 대안이 있는지
동등하다고 추정되는 기기의 이름, 모델, 크기, 소프트웨어와 액세서리를 포함하는 구성요소들
동등성이 이미 입증되었는지 여부
제조자가 의도한 기기의 기술 성능을 포함하는 의도된 성능, 의도된 임상 이득, 제조자가 사용하고자 하
는 임상적 성능과 임상적 안전성에 관한 주장
이전 모델 기기에 근거한 기기의 경우
제조자가 제공하는 정보 자료의 현재 버전 번호 또는 날짜 (라벨, IFU, 아마 제조자에 의해 예견 가능한
첨부 문서들을 포함하는 이용 할 수 있는 홍보 자료).
임상적 위험
- 131 -
[예시 Scope of the clinical evaluation]
임상평가 범위에서는 기기에 전체적인 설명을 통해 임상평가 범위를 확인할 수 있다. 상기
항목에 따라 아래 예시와 같이 작성될 수 있다.
항목 내용
이름 (품목명) 임시치관용레진
상품 (상품명) AAAA
모델 (모델명) BBBB
적용부위 Teeth
적응증 Dental caries, Pulpitis
Class IIa based on Rule 7, Annex
등급분류
VIII,Regulation(EU)2017/745
기기가 현재 유럽 또는 다른 국가에서
Y
시장에 출시되어 있는지 여부
① 범주: 외부 통신 장치
점막과의 접촉/ 침입성/ 이식 ② 접촉 : 조직, 뼈, 상아질
③ 접촉 시간: B–prolonged(>24hr to 30d)
이차 우식증, 수술 후 민감도. 복합 레진과 관련된 두 가지
부작용 알려진 부작용이 있지만 작업자의 기술이나 다른 장치와의
사용으로 인해 발생할 수 있습니다.
1. 제품 및 포장의 유통기한 및 외관상태를 확인하십시오.
2. 사용설명서를 숙지한 후 사용설명서를 준수하십시오.
금기사항 3. 경화된 물질은 사용하지 마십시오.
4. 제품에 이상이 있는 경우에는 사용을 중지하고 당사로 연락
하시기 바랍니다.
의도된 성능:
1) 수분흡수율
제조자가 의도한 기기의 기술 성능을 포함 2) 용해도 등
하는 의도된 성능, 의도된 임상 이득, 제조 임상적 이점:
자 가 사 용 하 고 자 하는 임상적 성능과 : 임시 복원 성공
임상적 안전성에 관한 주장 임상 안전성:
: 염증, 감염, 화상, 괴사, 전신이상반응 등의 부작용 및 이상
반응이 없어야 한다.
- 132 -
3 Clinical background, current knowledge, state of the art
2) 적용 가능한 표준 및 지침 문서
7) 사용자 유형
- 133 -
[예시 Clinical background, current knowledge, state of the art]
....
....
- 134 -
4 Device under evaluation
(2) 수행한 임상 조사 또는
(2) 제조자는 동등기기와 동등기기의 제조자를 식별하고, 동등기기의 정확한 명칭, 모델,
사이즈, 소프트웨어, 버전, 액세서리 등. 제조자 명. 평가 중인 기기와의 관계 (전 모
델/후속 모델, 기타). 규제 현황. 해당 기기가 CE 인증을 받았다면, 데이터 사용에
대한 타당한 이유를 작성
- 135 -
[예시 Demonstration of equivalence]
Type
Diameter (mm)
Connection type
Indication
Intended Use
User profile
Clinical
Target
Population
Therapeutic
Application Site
Contraindication
Biological
Raw Material
Biocompatibility
[Gap analysis]
Different #1
....
- 136 -
(1) 위험 관리 보고서
(2) 시험성적서
(3) 부작용
(4) 금기사항
(5) 사용 지침
....
- 137 -
5 Summary and Appraisal of the clinical data
(1) 제조자가 보유한 데이터를 평가하는 항목으로 임상평가 보고서에서 제품의 임상적 성능
및 안전성을 입증할 데이터들의 평가(Appraisal) 작성
- 위험관리
통제 조치가 취해진 잠재적 위험에 대한 위험 분석 결과. 부작용은 당사 제품 사용에 있어
가장 큰 위험 요소로 간주되었습니다. 그러나 다양한 테스트를 통해 당사 제품이 그러한
위험으로부터 안전하다는 것이 나타났습니다. 추가로 발생할 수 있는 모든 위험은 모든 위
험을 제거하기 위해 사용 설명서에도 명시되어 있습니다. 그런 다음 모든 잔류 위험이 허용
가능한 수준으로 낮아졌습니다. 또한, 전체 잔여 위험과 제품 이득을 평가한 결과, 이득이
잔여 위험보다 더 큰 것으로 나타났습니다. 이 위험 관리 분석을 통해 당사 제품의 안전성을
검증했습니다.
당사 제품은 위험관리를 통해 분석된 중대위험에 대한 통제를 통해 안전성을 검증받았습니다.
[첨부] : 위험관리파일
- 시험 성적서
당사의 기기는 ISO 10477 규격에 준수하여 성능시험을 거쳤습니다. 그리고 ISO
- 138 -
10993-1, ISO 7405에 의거하여 생체적합성 시험을 진행하였으며, 이에 따라 다음과 같이
각 수준에 맞는 결과를 얻었다. 관련 규격 및 요구사항과 비교한 성능 테스트 결과 이 회사
제품은 성능에 문제가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 아래 표를 참조하십시오.
성능 시험
시험성적서
시험 규격 시험 항목 발행일자 시험결과 시험소
번호
ISO 10477 Flexural strength 합격
ISO 10477 Surface finish 합격 시험소명
생체적합성 시험
시험 규격 시험 항목 시험성적서 번호 발행일자 시험결과 시험소
ISO 10993-5 세포독성 합격
ISO
구강점막자극 합격
10993-10
ISO
감작성 합격
10993-10
ISO
발열성 합격
10993-11 성적서 번호 시험소명
2021,XX.XX
ISO
급성독성 합격
10993-11
치아 및 상아질
ISO 7405 합격
적용시험
ISO 10993-3 이식 합격
ISO 10993-6 유전독성 합격
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5.2 Data retrieved from literature
초록
배경/목적: 클래스 I 인레이 공동의 미세 누출에 대한 다양한 임시 방법의 효과를 조사합니다.
재료 및 방법: 인간의 어금니(n Z 60)에 Class I 인레이 와동을 준비했습니다. 치아는 6개 그룹(n Z 10)
으로 나눴습니다. 첫 번째 그룹(ST-C)은 임시 합착제와 함께 Structur 2SC(ST)를 사용하였고, 두 번째
그룹(SY-C)은 Systemp Inlay(SY)를 직접 도포하여 광중합하였다. ...
결론: class I inlay 와동의 미세누출은 와동 삭제 후 상아질 결합제의 적용과 광중합된 임시 수복 재료의
배치에 의해 감소될 수 있습니다.
비평적 검토
연구와 관련된 내용을 아래 항목을 포함하여 요약 내용 작성
: 연구 목적
: 연구 설계
: 연구에서 사용된 기기
: 연구 결과 및 통계적 기법
: 연구 결론
이 문헌에서 확인된 연구내용과 해당 기기의 임상적 성능과 임상적 안전성(2.0 Scope of Clinical
Evaluation)의 일치나 적절성을 확인할 수 있는 내용을 요약 작성
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6 Data Analysis
- 141 -
(7) 임상적 성능에 관한 설명. 각 의도된 성능에 대하여, 이득 평가가 가용 데이터를
근거로 하여 가능한 정도, 데이터의 한계, 갭에 관한 설명, 불확실성 또는 대답이
나오지 않은 질문, 그리고 추정에 대한 내용 작성
(8) 이용가능한 데이터로 충분한 성능 평가가 가능한지 여부, 데이터의 한계, 격차, 불확실성
또는 대답이 나오지 않은 문제. 모든 의도된 성능에 대한 충분한 임상 증거가 있는지
여부
- 성능시험
임시치관용레진의 수분흡수율, 용해도 등은 성능에서 중요하므로 이에 대한 테스트 및 검증
데이터를 보유하고 있습니다. 당사 제품의 성능은 성능시험성적서에 따라 제품의 성능적
효과가 입증되었습니다.
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6.3 Requirement on Benefit-risk ratio (MDR GSPR 8)
(4) 의도된 목적의 각 측면에 대하여, 불확실성이나 대답이 나오지 않은 문제들을 포함하여
이득/위험 프로파일이 높은 수준의 건강 보호와 안전과 양립하는지 여부, 그에 대한
타당한 이유 작성
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- 부작용
당사 제품과 관련된 부작용은 문헌 검토를 통해 확인되었으며 기기 사용 지침은 당사
제품과 유사합니다.
따라서 당사의 제품은 본래의 용도로 사용되었을 때 환자가 안전하게 사용할 수 있도록
설계 및 제조되었다고 할 수 있습니다.
- 금기사항
당사 제품과 유사한 기기의 사용설명서 및 문헌검토를 통해 당사 제품과 관련된 금기
사항을 확인하였습니다. 그 결과 당사 제품과 관련하여 금기사항으로 간주되는 내용은 없음을
확인하였습니다. 따라서 당사 기기와 관련된 부작용은 발견되지 않았습니다.
따라서 당사의 제품은 본래의 용도로 사용되었을 때 환자가 안전하게 사용할 수 있도록
설계 및 제조되었다고 할 수 있습니다.
- 이득-위험 결정
이득 분석
이득 형태 임시 치관용 레진 수복 성공
위험 분석
위해요인 사례의
염증, 감염, 화상 등.
유형 및 심각도
위해요인 사례의
어떠한 임상문헌에서도 발견되지 않았다.
확률
위험감소 및 식별 위험관리보고서
임시치관용레진의 사용은 염증, 감염, 화상 등의 위험을 초래할 수 있습니다. 그러나
위의 위험은 이미 위험 관리를 통해 통제됩니다. 그리고 임시치관용레진을 사용한
치료는 삶의 질을 향상시켰다. 결과적으로 임시치관용레진은 치과분야에서 사용성,
적용성, 안전성을 고려한 가장 효과적인 치료 방법입니다.
이득-위험 분석 ...
결론
위에서 언급한 사실을 바탕으로 당사의 임시치관용레진이 현지식과 최신기술을
충족했음을 확인할 수 있다. 이미 알려진 부작용으로 인한 위해요인 및 위험의
발생가능성은 여전히 존재하지만, 이러한 결과는 당사 제품을 사용함으로써 얻는
임상적 이익이 사용으로 인한 위험보다 크다는 것을 나타낸다.
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7 Conclusion
(4) 의도된 사용자와 사용성 측면에 있어서, 기기의 사용 설명서를 포함하는 기기의 적합성 작성
[첨부]: 사후 시장 감시 계획
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9 Updating the Clinical Evaluation
(1) 임상 평가 보고서의 날짜 작성
부서/직책 이름 일자 서명
작성
검토
승인
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Ⅲ 참고사항
1 참고 자료
(2) MEDDEV 2.7/1 (Rev. 4, June 2016): Evaluation of Clinical Data – A Guide
for Manufacturers and Notified Bodies
(5) MDCG 2020-06 Guidance on Sufficient Clinical Evidence for Legacy Devices
2 관련 사이트 링크
임상문헌검색 관련 사이트
이상반응검색 관련 사이트
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Clinical Evaluation Report
작성방법 가이드라인
코칭기관명 : 와이즈컴퍼니(주)
품목명 : 자동화로봇시스템수술기
목 차
Ⅰ. 문서개요
1. Summary ·······························································································169
2. Identification of pertinent data (Stage 1) ··································169
3. Appraisal of pertinent data (Stage 2) ·········································169
Ⅲ. 참고사항
1. 참고 자료 ································································································172
2. 관련 사이트 링크 ···················································································172
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Ⅰ 문서개요
(1) 임상 평가 계획서
목표, 평가 대상 기기 개요, 참조 문헌
예시)
1 Scope of the clinical evaluation
1.1 Purpose
The purpose of the clinical evaluation plan is to establish a thorough
and objective procedure to generate and/or research, collect, analyze,
and evaluate sufficient clinical data to
1.1.1 confirm conformity with relevant general safety and performance
requirements set out in Annex I of Regulation (EU)2017/745 under
the normal conditions of the intended use of the device under
evaluation, and to
1.1.2 evaluate the undesirable side-effects and of the acceptability of the
benefit-risk-ratio referred to in Section 1 and 8 of Annex I Regulation
(EU)2017/745.
1.2 Device under evaluation
1.2.1 Generic device name: △△△△△△
1.2.2 Trade name: △△△△
1.2.3 Model name: △△△-△△△△
1.3 References
1.3.1 Regulation (EU) 2017/745
1.3.2 MDCG 2020-5 Clinical Evaluation - Equivalence
1.3.3 MDCG 2020-6 Regulation (EU) 2017/745: Clinical evidence needed for
medical devices previously CE marked under Directives 93/42/EEC or
90/385/EEC
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1.3.4 MEDDEV 2.7.1 Rev. 4 Evaluation of clinical data
예시)
Applicability or
Justification for
exclusion
CHAPTER I – General Requirements
1. Devices shall achieve the performance intended by their manufacturer
and shall be designed and manufactured in such a way that, during
normal conditions of use, they are suitable for their intended purpose.
They shall be safe and effective and shall not compromise the
clinical condition or the safety of patients, or the safety and health
Applicable
of users or, where applicable, other persons, provided that any risks
which may be associated with their use constitute acceptable risks
when weighed against the benefits to the patient and are compatible
with a high level of protection of health and safety, taking into account
the generally acknowledged state of the art.
2. The requirement in this Annex to reduce risks as far as possible means
the reduction of risks as far as possible without adversely affecting the Applicable
benefit-risk ratio.
3. Manufacturers shall establish, implement, document and maintain a
risk management system.
Risk management shall be understood as a continuous iterative process
throughout the entire lifecycle of a device, requiring regular systematic
updating. In carrying out risk management manufacturers shall:
⒜ establish and document a risk management plan for each device;
⒝ identify and analyse the known and foreseeable hazards associated
with each device;
⒞ estimate and evaluate the risks associated with, and occurring during, Applicable
the intended use and during reasonably foreseeable misuse;
⒟ eliminate or control the risks referred to in point (c) in accordance
with the requirements of Section 4;
⒠ evaluate the impact of information from the production phase and,
in particular, from the post-market surveillance system, on hazards
and the frequency of occurrence thereof, on estimates of their
associated risks, as well as on the overall risk, benefit-risk ratio
and risk acceptability; and
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Applicability or
Justification for
exclusion
⒡ based on the evaluation of the impact of the information referred
to in point (e), if necessary amend control measures in line with
the requirements of Section 4.
평가 대상 기기 상세
예시)
1.4 Device under evaluation
1.4.1 Generic device name: △△△△△△
1.4.2 Trade name: △△△△
1.4.3 Model name: △△△-△△△△
1.4.4 Classification: II△
1.4.4.1 Justification for classification: The classification rule △ specifies
that “All active devices intended to control or monitor the
performance of active therapeutic class II△ devices, or intended
directly to influence the performance of such devices are classified
as class II△.”
The second row of classification rule△ on the Guidance on
classification of medical device, MDCG 2021-24, specifies that
device which their “characteristics are such that they may
administer energy to or exchange energy with the human body in
a potentially hazardous way, taking account of the nature, the
density and site of application of the energy, in which case they
are classified as class IIb.” List of examples include devices with
electrical energy: high-frequency electrosurgical generators, and
electrocautery equipment, including their electrodes.
As the device in question is intended to be used in combination
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with electrosurgical generators, and electrocautery equipment,
including their electrodes, the device shall be classified as class II△
medical device.
1.4.5 Intended purpose
The Robotic Surgical System is intended to assist in the accurate
control of endoscopic surgical instruments including rigid endoscopes,
instrument.
1.4.6 Intended target groups
1.4.7 Intended patient population
Patients with conditions that can be treated with laparoscopic surgery.
1.4.8 Intended user
Trained physicians in accordance with the representative, specific
procedures set forth in the Professional Instructions for Use.
1.4.9 Indications
Endoscopic manipulation of tissue, including grasping, cutting during
general laparoscopic surgical procedures.
1.4.10 Representative surgical procedures
1.4.10.1 Cholecystectomy
1.4.10.2 Prostatectomy
1.4.11 Contraindication
Contraindications to laparoscopic surgery may be anatomic or
physiologic, which must be judged by experienced surgeon.
1.4.12 Intended clinical benefit
1.4.13 Clinical benefit to patient
1.4.13.1 As the intended purpose of the device under evaluation is to
accurately control laparoscopic instruments, it shares same intended
clinical benefits to patients as below.
1.4.13.1.1. Blood loss, hospitalization, short-term complication, and and
better intraoperative maneuverability and handling
1.4.14 Clinical benefit to surgeon
1.4.14.1 Overcoming inherent limitations of traditional laparoscopic surgery,
such as limited two-dimensional vison surgical filed;
1.4.14.2 surgeon’s nonergonomic position
with technological advantages of the Robotic Surgical System of below.
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1.4.14.3 better ergonomics for surgeon;
1.4.15 Specified clinical outcome parameters relevant to intended clinical
benefit to patient
1.4.15.1 Blood loss, operative time
예시)
- 155 -
예시)
1.5.3 Appraisal criteria for suitability
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Contribution Weight
Description Grading
Criteria (point)
*1
Since the intended purpose of the device under evaluation is rather indirect in terms of
clinical treatment effect, to accurately control laparoscopic instruments, we have modified
evaluation criteria provided in Appendix D of the GHTF SG5 document N2R8:2007 on
Clinical Evaluation (Appendix D: A Possible Method of Appraisal), to evaluate intended
clinical benefit parameters of the device under evaluation.
c. 위해 사례의 빈도를 결정할 논리를 기재한다. 기기의 특성을 고려하여 빈도의 기준을
사용자당, 기기당, 사용 횟수 당, 연간 등을 분모로 산정할 수 있다.
예시)
1.6 Adverse event
1.6.1 The probability will be calculated by comparing the total number of
harms related to the equivalent device to the total number of
operations performed using the equivalent device.
1.6.2 Considering that statistics are aggregated on a quarterly, semi-annual,
and annual basis, the period in which the total number of surgeries
performed using the equivalent device is not disclosed will be excluded
from calculating probability of harms.
예시)
1.7 Exploration for consistency of clinical data
Clinical literatures shall be explored to fine
1.7.1 If different datasets provide similar results in clinical benefit and complications;
1.7.2 If different results are identified, below shall be documented
1.7.2.1 Causes of such difference;
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1.7.2.2 If there are questions about clinical benefit and safety that can’t be
answered due to the existing difference;
1.7.2.3 Necessary data needed to address unanswered question;
1.7.2.4 Whether there is necessary and sufficient clinical data do address
the difference, and/or unanswered question; and
1.7.2.5 If new clinical data shall be produced to address the unanswered
question.
예시)
1.8 Determination of residual risks and side effects
1.8.1 Regardless of determined level of frequency and severity of a residual
risk and side effect, if such residual risk and side effect cannot be
completely eliminated, such risk and side effect shall be determined as
residual risk and side effect
1.8.2 Side-effect
1.8.2.1 All observed side-effects shall be documented
1.8.2.2. Course of side-effect shall be documented including
A. Whether medical intervention (any form of treatment) was necessary to
relieve the side-effect;
B. Time taken to resolve the side-effect; or
C. Whether the side-effect relieved without medical intervention (any
form of treatment)
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f. 위험의 심각성과 빈도의 결정에 적용될 기준을 명시한다. 이미 수립된 위험관리
계획서가 있다면 그러한 계획서에 수립된 기준을 차용한다.
예시)
1.8.3 Qualitative severity levels
Score Probability Probability range
5 Frequent Highly likely (≥ 10-3)
4 Probable Will occur several times (< 10-3 and ≥ 10-4)
3 Occasional Will probably occur at least once (< 10-4 and ≥ 10-5)
2 Remote Probably will not occur (< 10-5 and ≥ 10-6)
1 Improbable Improbable, but not impossible (≤10-6)
예시)
1.9 Indication how benefit-risk issues relating to specific components such as
use of pharmaceutical, non-viable animal or human tissues, are to be
addressed
1.9.1 The device in question does not contain components such as pharmaceutical,
non-viable animal or human tissues.
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h. 임상 시험 계획의 수립의 필요성, 그리고 필요하다고 결정 된 경우 그러한 계획이
어떻게 수립 되었는지 명시한다.
필요하지 않다고 결정되는 경우 그 정당성을 기재한다. 보통 임상적 안정성과 이득,
효능효과 관련 해소되지 않은 의문이 있는 경우 임상 시험의 필요성이 대두되며,
그러한 의문이 없다면 반대의 상황이 된다는 것을 고려하여 정당성을 기재한다.
예시)
1.10 Clinical development plan indicating progression from exploratory
investigations, such as first-in-man studies, feasibility and pilot studies,
to confirmatory investigations, such as pivotal clinical investigations,
1.10.1 Considering severity of harms associated with the device in question,
complexity of technology, and the fact that the Laparoscopic Surgical
Robotic System is not commonly used in market at the moment, we
have planned and carried out clinical investigation of following details.
1.10.1.1. Institution: △△
1.10.1.2 Principal Investigator/Major
1.10.1.2.1 △△△ Professor/Urology
1.10.1.2.2 △△△, Assistant Professor/Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic surgery
1.10.1.3 Study design: △△△
1.10.1.4 Title: △△△△(제품명) used for general endoscopic operation
including either cholecystectomy or prostatectomy (for product
approval)
1.10.1.5 Goal: To evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of ‘△△△△(제품명)’
being used for general endoscopic operation including either
cholecystectomy or prostatectomy (for product approval)
1.10.1.6 Protocol No. △△△
1.10.1.7 Report date: △△△△.△△.△△
1.10.2 Based on the result of this initial clinical evaluation, if gaps are
present in drawing up a conclusion as to the conformity of the
device in question to the General Safety and Performance Requirements,
that cannot be addressed by other means, additional clinical investigations
should be planned and carried out.
- 160 -
I. 수립된 PMS(PMCF) 계획을 참조 및/또는 대략적인 정보를 기재한다.
예시)
1.11 PMCF plan as referred to in Part B of Annex 14 of REGULATION (EU)
2017/745 with an indication of milestones and a description of
potential acceptance criteria
1.11.1 Refer to Post market Surveillance Plan, DOCUMENT No.
5) Identification of available clinical data relevant to the device and its intended
purpose and any gaps in clinical evidence through a systematic scientific
literature revie
체계적 문헌 검토를 통해 기기 및 기기의 사용목적, 갭 관련 가용 가능한 임상 데이터 식별
방법
예시)
- 161 -
2.3.1 Have the efficacy and safety of Robotic Surgical System proven
through real market experience?
2.3.2 What are the known risks off Robotic Surgical System?
2.3.3 Based on the result of literature research and review, is the device
under evaluation, expected to fulfill performance and safety requirements?
2.3.4 Does the device under evaluation have sufficient safety and performance
compared to existing product on the market with CE marking, or is
there any outstanding issue / unanswered question which maybe
answered by generating new or additional clinical data?
- 162 -
효능/효과, 510(k) summary 등)
예시)
2.4 Method
2.4.1 Source of data
2.4.1.1 Scientific literature databases
2.4.1.1.1 PUBMED (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/advanced/)
We choose to use PubMed as a starting point for search as
recommended by guideline, MEDDEV 2.7/1 Rev. 4.
2.4.1.1.2 EMBASE (https://www.cochranelibrary.com/advanced-search)
We have chosen EMBASE as additional database to ensure
adequate coverage of devices and therapies in use in Europe,
to identify relevant clinical trials and publications of user
experience, and to facilitate searches by device name and
manufacturer.
2.4.1.2 Adverse event database
2.4.1.2.1 MHRA (https://www.gov.uk/drug-device-alerts)
2.4.1.2.2 FDA (MAUDE,
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfmaude/sea
rch.cfm)
2.4.1.2.3 MFDS (https://emed.mfds.go.kr/popup/#!CECAO01F010)
2.4.1.3 Non-published data
2.4.1.3.1 www.Google.com to collect non-scientific data such as catalog,
advertising materials, instructions for use, etc.
2.4.1.3.2 Data related to safety of Robotic Surgical System from clinical
literatures excluded by exclusion criteria (refer to clause 1.3.4
of this literature search protocol) but which meet all
conditions below
- 163 -
2.4.1.3.3 Present data of effectiveness and safety of Robotic Surgical
System
2.4.1.3.4 Include high-quality clinical evidence
The data extracted from these literatures shall only be used
for
2.4.1.3.5 Identifying hazards associated with the device under evaluation;
2.4.1.3.6 Determining level of severity and frequency of the identified
hazards; and
2.4.1.3.7 Risk management
2.4.1.4 To search literatures, we have used combination of search terms:
2.4.1.4.1 Included (Text word): △△△△(제품명, 품목명, 모델명)
2.4.1.4.2 Excluded (Text word): Animal, Train, Simulat
2.4.1.5 To search adverse event in the database of different countries, we
used different search terms not specified above, such as
2.4.1.5.1 동등기기△△△△(제품명, 품목명, 모델명)
2.4.1.5.2 Justification for choice of search terms
2.4.1.5.3 We have chosen the terms for search for below reasons.
① System, Surgical, : Device classification name for Robotic
Computer Controlled Surgical System appointed by U.S. FDA
Instrument*1
② 동등기기 모델명 *2 : Brand name of the equivalent device
registered in FDA’s MAUDE databases (Brand
name is one of the search condition we can
set at MAUDE advanced search)
③ 동등기기 품목명 : Trade name of the equivalent device
④ 동등기기 제조사명 : Name of manufacturer of the equivalent device
⑤ GMDN 품목명 : General device name
⑥ 국내 품목명 : Device name appointed by MFDS
* 1, 2We have applied combination of search conditions us MAUDE research, device
classification name and brand name.
- 164 -
2.4.1.5.4.2.1 Product classification name “System, Surgical, Computer
Controlled Instrument” with combination of brand
name “동등기기모델명”
2.4.1.5.4.3 MFDS
2.4.1.5.4.3.1 General device name appointed by MFDS
2.4.2 Periods of research
2.4.2.1 Literature
2.4.2.1.1 Period covered by the research: January 2003 to October 2021
We have determined the period of publication of literatures to
be included in this research from 2003 to Jul 2021 because of
below reasons.
2.4.2.1.1.1 The 동등기기 품목명 first approved by U.S. FDA in 2000.
2.4.2.1.1.2 The oldest search result comes up in Pubmed database
with search term “동등기기 제품명” starts from 2003.
2.4.2.1.1.3 To research history of GMDN 품목명 including how it’s
been improved over time.
2.4.2.1.1.4 To research the state of art technology and safety of
Robotic Surgical System.
2.4.2.2 Adverse event
2.4.2.2.1 Period covered by the search: Jan. 1, 2019 to Dec. 31, 2020
2.4.2.2.1.1 The search period is set to cover net 2 years, so the
probability of risk can be calculated by comparing the
reported adverse events to the total number of patients
exposed to similar devices in the U.S. on annual basis.
2.4.2.2.1.2 When setting the search condition for 1 year from Jan. 1,
2020 to Dec. 31, 2021, there are only 247 cases reported
in MAUDE database. When setting the search condition for
2 years from Jan. 1, 2019 to Dec. 31, 2021, there are maximum
500 cases reported to MAUDE database, with the 1st
report made in Jan 3, 2019.
2.4.2.3 Nonclinical data
In order to research the background, history and development,
state of art technology and safety of Robotic Surgical System, we
will be also conducting nonclinical data research using the databases
- 165 -
stated below.
2.4.2.4 State of art standard
2.4.2.4.1 CEN - CENELEC - Search standards (cencenelec.eu)
2.4.2.4.2 ISO - Search
2.4.2.4.3 Guidance - MDCG endorsed documents and other guidance
2.4.2.4.4 FDA 510(k) summary: 510(k) Premarket Notification (fda.gov)
2.4.2.4.5 Patent: Google Patents Advanced Search
2.4.2.4.6 Label, instructions for use, advertising material, etc. related to
the equivalent device: Google
2.4.2.5 Start and end dates of search: 26 Oct. 2021 to 12 Nov. 2021
예시)
3 Report shall be reviewed by notified body and/or regulatory authority as
appropriate to Appraisal of all relevant clinical data by evaluating their
suitability for establishing the safety and performance of the device
3.1 Methodology
The appraisal of literatures shall be conducted by grading each literatures
according to the category defined as below;
∙ 9~12 point: Sufficient for scientific Literature databases.
∙ 13~16 point: Not enough for scientific Literature databases, but some
data could be considered based on degree of equivalent device characteristic.
∙ 17~22 point: Inappropriate for clinical evaluation
- 166 -
3.2 Criteria for selection
Appraisal Criteria for Suitability
Suitability Criteria Description Grading Weight(point)
1 (Equivalent
D1 and/or device in
Appropriate Were the data generated from the device
D2 question)
device under evaluation or equivalent device?
D3 2 (Similar device)
3 (Other device)
Appropriate Was the device used for the *1same intended A1 1 (Same use)
device purpose/clinical benefit to patients/user (e.g., A2 2 (Minor deviation)
application methods of deployment, application, etc.)? A3 3 (Major deviation)
Where the data generated from a
*1 1 (Applicable)
patient/user group that is representative P1
Appropriate 2 (Limited)
of the intended treatment population (e.g., P2
patient group 3 (Different
age, sex , etc.) and clinical condition (i.e., P3
population)
disease, including state and severity)?
1 (High quality)
Do the reports or collations of data
Acceptable R1 2 (Minor
contain sufficient information to be able
report/data R1 deficiencies)
to undertake a rational and objective
collation R3 3 (Insufficient
assessment?
informaiton)
- 167 -
7) Generating new or additional clinical data necessary to address outstanding
issues
임상 평가 결과에 따라 임상 조사를 통해 추가로 생성되어야 하는 임상 자료가 있는지
판단해야 함을 명시
8) Analyse all relevant clinical data in order to reach conclusions about the
safety and clinical performance of the device including its clinical
benefits.
임상 이득을 포함하여 기기의 안전성 및 성능에 대한 결론에 도달하기 위해 모든
관련 임상 데이터를 분석 (수집된 임상 증거들이 적용되는 모든 MDR의 일반 안전
및 성능 요구사항에 부합함을 분석)하는 방법
- 168 -
Ⅱ Clinical Evlauation Report
1 Summary
식별된 관련 자료
(1) 평가 유형 기재
(2) 동등성 입증
관련 자료 평가
- 169 -
4 Analysis of the clinical data (Stage 3)
5 Conclusions
추후 임상 평가 이행 일자 기재
작성/검토/승인 인원의 서명
- 170 -
8 Qualification of the responsible evaluators
작성/검토/승인 인원의 자격 요건
9 References
참고 문서
10 Attachments
임상평가 보고서의 첨부 문서
- 171 -
Ⅲ 참고사항
1 참고 자료
(3) MDCG 2020-6 Regulation (EU) 2017/745: Clinical evidence needed for
medical devices previously CE marked under Directives 93/42/EEC or
90/385/EEC
2 관련 사이트 링크
(1) https://standards.cencenelec.eu/dyn/www/f?p=CEN:105::RESET::::
(2) https://www.iso.org/search.html
(3) https://ec.europa.eu/health/md_sector/new_regulations/guidance_en
(4) https://www.medical-device-regulation.eu/meddev-guidance-list-download/
- 172 -
Clinical Evaluation Report
작성방법 가이드라인
코칭기관명 : 플러스글로벌
품목명 : 폴리디옥사논봉합사
목 차
Ⅰ. 문서개요
2. 관련 규격 및 가이드라인 ······································································175
1. Summary ·······························································································176
Ⅲ. 참고사항
1. 참고 자료 ································································································191
2. 관련 사이트 링크 ···················································································191
- 174 -
Ⅰ 문서개요
1) Summary
5) Conclusion
9) References
2 관련 규격 및 가이드라인
◾ MEDDEV 2.7.1
◾ Regulation 2017/745
- 175 -
Ⅱ Clinical Evlauation Report
1 Summary
◾ After the residual risk evaluation, the residual risk has been verified the
safety by risk management. But some risks existed and we controlled
again all identified hazards that have been evaluated in accordance with
the residual risk.
◾ The risks from all identified hazards have been evaluated. After
conducting risk control measures, identified 38 risk elements were reduced
into widely acceptable area All residual risks from all identified hazards
have been evaluated. All risk control measures were performed and
verified in accordance with the criteria defined in the risk management
plan and the entire residual risk raised in ‘Product’ was acceptable.
임상평가보고서의 작성 목적 등을 기술
- 176 -
2.1.2 Normative reference
관련된 참조문서를 명시
1) Product name :
2) Model name :
제품명, 모델명 기술
1) Intended use
사용목적을 기입
2) Description
제품의 특성을 기입
3) Classification applied
Product has been classified as Class IIa According to MDR (EU) 2017/745
AnnexⅨ, Rule 3.
제품의 분류기준을 작성함
분류기준은 MDR 규정에 따름
4) Components of device
- 177 -
This device does not contain the following materials:
- Latex
해당 제품이 약물, 혈액, 동물유래, 라텍스 등이 포함되지 않았다는 선언
5) Product information
(6) Organs / parts of the body / tissues or body fluids contacted by the
device : Categorization according to EN ISO 10993-1:2018
- 178 -
(7) Duration of use or contact with the body :
(10) Contraindications :
- Be familiar with the method of using the product before use to prevent
contamination and malfunction.
- 179 -
surgical suits should be worn.
제품의 주의사항 기술
- 180 -
2.2.3 Clinical background, current knowledge, state of the art
임상 배경, 최신 기술, 현재 지식 등의 내용 기술
2) Methodology : 방법론 기술
포함되어야 하는 내용 예시
- The sources of data that will be used and a justification for their choice;
(3) Once the literature search has been executed, a report should be
compiled to present the results of the search. A copy of the protocol
should be included and any deviations noted. A possible format for the
literature search report is located at the literature search protocol.
- 181 -
- Published articles and other references identified as being relevant to
the device in question and suitable for evaluation.
(2) The sources of data that will be used and a justification for their choice
- specialized databases
- reference texts
- 182 -
(4) Possible methodology for documenting the screening and selection of
literature within a literature search report (논문의 선별 및 선택을 위한 프로
세스 예시)
Potentially relevant literature
identified through the search
(copy of all citations)
- 183 -
② Sample Appraisal Criteria for Data Contribution
④ Lastly, the full contents of literatures selected from the second step
were examined in terms of their number of samples, test protocols
and results in order to select suitable literatures.
- 184 -
Weight
Suitability Criteria Description Grading
(point)
D1 1
Appropriate Were the data generated from the device in
D2 2
device question?
D3 3
A1 1
Appropriate Was the device used for the same intended use
A2 2
device application (e.g.,methods of deployment, application. etc.)?
A3 3
Where the data generated from a patient P1 1
group that is representative of the intended
Appropriate
treatment population (e.g.,age,sex,etc.) and P2 2
patient group
clinical condition(i.e.,disease, including state
and severity)? P3 3
(1) Potentially relevant literature identified through the search (copy of all
citations)
검색을 통해 식별 된 잠재적 논문 선정
어떤 키워드로 검색할 것인지 키워드 선정
- 185 -
(3) Literature excluded from clinical evaluation, with reasons
제외된 논문 및 제외 사유 기술
1) Type of evaluation
평가 유형의 선언
Essential requirement
- reducing, as far as possible, the risk of use error due to the ergonomic
features of the device and the environment in which the device is
intended to be used (design for patient safety), and
- 186 -
and be designed, manufactured and packaged in such a way that they
are suitable for one or more of the functions referred to in Article 1 (2)
(a), as specified by the manufacturer.
Any undesirable side-effect must constitute an acceptable risk when
weighed against the performances intended. 6a. Demonstration of
conformity with the essential requirements must include a clinical
evaluation in accordance with Annex X.
2) Demonstration of equivalence
당사 제품과 기 CE 인증을 받은 제품과의 비교
비교해야 하는 항목은 아래와 같다.
Genernal
① Product name
② Model name
Clinical equivalence
① Population
② Intended use
③ Condition of use
Technical equivalence
① Appearance (photo)
② Sterilization method
Biological equivalence
② Biocompatibility test
① Risk evaluation
가. 식별된 위험의 평가
나. 위험 통제
- 187 -
다. 추가 통제
라. 이득분석
마. 잔여위험 분석
바. 기타 발생 위험
사. 위험 평가의 완전성
아. 전반적인 잔여위험 평가
자. 위험관리 완료
차. 위험관리 보고서
카. 생산 및 시판 후 정보
타. 결론
고객불만사항 확인
발견된 위험에 대한 보고
기타사항
미국 : 미국 식약처www.fda.gov
- 188 -
4) Clinical data from literature
임상적 논문 데이터 분석
① Requirement on safety
③ Requirement on performance
2.2.5 Conclusion
1) As long as users use our product in accordance with user's manual in the
normal situation, there will be low risk to users. However, there are
potential risks in the aspects of Biological and Biocompatibility,
Operational Hazards and Information Hazards, Etc. of the medical device
to the use of the medical device.
- 189 -
acceptable zone. It is verified that this risk level is safe for use of the
relevant product.
- This device is similar to product of the investigated thesis and our device
is not new development medical device and using it on the field is safe.
예시 문구는 위와 같다.
이후 임상평가 계획 작성
1) Frequency of updates
업데이트 주기 설정
- 190 -
Ⅲ 참고사항
1 참고 자료
2 관련 사이트 링크
- 191 -
Clinical Evaluation Report
작성방법 가이드라인
코칭기관명 : 플러스글로벌
품목명 : PRP Kit
목 차
Ⅰ. 문서개요
2. 관련 규격 및 가이드라인 ······································································195
1. Summary ·······························································································196
Ⅲ. 참고사항
1. 참고 자료 ································································································211
2. 관련 사이트 링크 ···················································································211
- 194 -
Ⅰ 문서개요
1) Summary
5) Conclusion
9) References
2 관련 규격 및 가이드라인
◾ MEDDEV 2.7.1
◾ Regulation 2017/745
- 195 -
Ⅱ Clinical Evlauation Report
1 Summary
◾ After the residual risk evaluation, the residual risk has been verified the
safety by risk management. But some risks existed and we controlled
again all identified hazards that have been evaluated in accordance with
the residual risk.
◾ The risks from all identified hazards have been evaluated. After
conducting risk control measures, identified 38 risk elements were reduced
into widely acceptable area All residual risks from all identified hazards
have been evaluated. All risk control measures were performed and
verified in accordance with the criteria defined in the risk management
plan and the entire residual risk raised in ‘PRP KIT’ was acceptable.
임상평가보고서의 작성 목적 등을 기술
- 196 -
2.1.2 Normative reference
관련 된 참조문서를 명시
1) Product name :
2) Model name :
제품명, 모델명 기술
1) Intended use
사용목적을 기입
2) Description
제품의 특성을 기입
3) Classification applied
Product has been classified as Class IIa According to MDR (EU) 2017/745
AnnexⅨ, Rule 3.
4) Components of device
- 197 -
accessories
Product name : 제품명
Models : 모델명
Components of the device : 제품의 부품 내역 안내
This device does not contain the following materials:
- Latex
해당 제품이 약물, 혈액, 동물유래, 라텍스 등이 포함되지 않았다는 선언
5) Product information
(6) Organs / parts of the body / tissues or body fluids contacted by the
device : Categorization according to EN ISO 10993-1:2018
- 198 -
- Contact : Blood path, indirect
생물학적 시험을 위한 제품 정보 (제품 카테고리, 인체 접촉 등의 정보
(10) Contraindications :
- 199 -
prevent contamination of the samples and to ensure the safety of the
operator, a sterile hat that covers the entire head, and a mask that
covers the nose and mouth, must be worn. Also, long-sleeved
surgical suits should be worn.
제품의 주의사항 기술
- 200 -
by the manufacturer (label, IFU, available promotional materials and
accompanying documents possibly foreseen by the manufacturer).
사용자설명서, 라벨 등의 최종 문서 정보 (개정일자, 개정번호 등)
임상 배경, 최신 기술, 현재 지식 등의 내용 기술
2) Methodology : 방법론 기술
포함되어야 하는 내용 예시
- The sources of data that will be used and a justification for their choice;
(3) Once the literature search has been executed, a report should be
compiled to present the results of the search. A copy of the protocol
should be included and any deviations noted. A possible format for the
literature search report is located at the literature search protocol.
- 201 -
(4) The following documentation should be used in the clinical evaluation
by the clinical evaluator
(2) The sources of data that will be used and a justification for their choice
- specialized databases
- reference texts
- 202 -
literature within a literature search report (논문의 선별 및 선택을 위한
프로세스 예시)
D1 Actual device
Were the data generated from the
Appropriate device D2 Equivalent device
device in question ?
D3 Other device
A1 Same use
Was the device used for the same
Appropriate device intended use A2 Minor deviation
application (e.g.,methods of deployment,
application. etc.)? A3 Major deviation
R1 High quality
Do the reports or collations of data
Acceptable contain sufficient information to be able R2 Minor deficiencies
report/data collation to undertake a rational and objective
assessment? R3 Major deficiencies
- 203 -
② Sample Appraisal Criteria for Data Contribution
④ Lastly, the full contents of literatures selected from the second step
were examined in terms of their number of samples, test protocols
and results in order to select suitable literatures.
For the literatures, the weighing is assigned by grading and the category
is as followings.
- 204 -
available for clinical databases
(1) Potentially relevant literature identified through the search (copy of all
citations)
검색을 통해 식별 된 잠재적 논문 선정
어떤 키워드로 검색할 것인지 키워드 선정
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(2) Literature retrieved for more detailed assessment
보다 자세한 평가를 위해 논문 검색
잠재적 논문 선정 검색 키워드에 추가적으로 키워드
1) Type of evaluation
평가 유형의 선언
Essential requirement
The devices must be designed and manufactured in such a way that, when
used under the conditions and for the purposes intended, they will not
compromise the clinical condition or the safety of patients, or the safety
and health of users or, where applicable, other persons, provided that any
risks which may be associated with their intended use constitute acceptable
risks when weighed against the benefits to the patient and are compatible
with a high level of protection of health and safety. This shall include:
- reducing, as far as possible, the risk of use error due to the ergonomic
features of the device and the environment in which the device is
intended to be used (design for patient safety), and
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The devices must achieve the performances intended by the manufacturer
and be designed, manufactured and packaged in such a way that they are
suitable for one or more of the functions referred to in Article 1 (2) (a), as
specified by the manufacturer.
2) Demonstration of equivalence
당사 제품과 기 CE 인증을 받은 제품과의 비교
비교해야 하는 항목은 아래와 같다.
Genernal
① Product name
② Model name
Clinical equivalence
① Population
② Intended use
③ Condition of use
Technical equivalence
① Appearance (photo)
② Sterilization method
Biological equivalence
① ISO 10993-1 evaluation
② Biocompatibility test
① Risk evaluation
가. 식별된 위험의 평가
나. 위험 통제
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다. 추가 통제
라. 이득분석
마. 잔여위험 분석
바. 기타 발생 위험
사. 위험 평가의 완전성
아. 전반적인 잔여위험 평가
자. 위험관리 완료
차. 위험관리 보고서
카. 생산 및 시판 후 정보
타. 결론
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선정된 논문을 위에서 정한 기준에 따라 각각 분석
선정된 논문에 관리번호 부여, 논문의 초록 및 중요 결론사항 기입
① Requirement on safety
③ Requirement on performance
2.2.5 Conclusion
1) As long as users use our product in accordance with user's manual in the
normal situation, there will be low risk to users. However, there are
potential risks in the aspects of Biological and Biocompatibility,
Operational Hazards and Information Hazards, Etc. of the medical device
to the use of the medical device.
3) We have a risk management and taken an action against risks. The evaluation
mark of this analysis and action-taking is in the range of acceptable zone. It
is verified that this risk level is safe for use of the relevant product.
- Manufacturing process
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- Product comparison to similar devices
- Market experience
- This device is similar to product of the investigated thesis and our device
is not new development medical device and using it on the field is safe.
예시 문구는 위와 같다.
이후 임상평가 계획 작성
1) Frequency of updates
업데이트 주기 설정
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Ⅲ 참고사항
1 참고 자료
임상논문
1) 검색 수행 방법
상위 메뉴 Product and services → PubMed/MEDLINE → 검색어 입력 (예. prp kit)
2) 검색 결과 페이지 필터 사용법
왼쪽 메뉴 (My NCBI filters)
2 관련 사이트 링크
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∙ MEDION- Database that indexes literature on diagnostic tests
(kce.docressources.inf)
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- 주 의 -