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    Chapter 2C

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    sunnyfok
    The document discusses shock waves in traffic flow. [1] A shock wave exists when traffic streams with different conditions meet, such as stopped vehicles forming a platoon at a red light. [2] The speed and direction of shock waves can be determined using shockwave equations. [3] Examples are provided to illustrate how to use the equations to analyze the formation, growth, and dissipation of traffic platoons and shock waves over time.

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    Chapter 2C

    Uploaded by

    sunnyfok
    38 views17 pages
    The document discusses shock waves in traffic flow. [1] A shock wave exists when traffic streams with different conditions meet, such as stopped vehicles forming a platoon at a red light. [2] The speed and direction of shock waves can be determined using shockwave equations. [3] Examples are provided to illustrate how to use the equations to analyze the formation, growth, and dissipation of traffic platoons and shock waves over time.

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    CIVL3610

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    The document discusses shock waves in traffic flow. [1] A shock wave exists when traffic streams with different conditions meet, such as stopped vehicles forming a platoon at a red light. [2] The speed and direction of shock waves can be determined using shockwave equations. [3] Examples are provided to illustrate how to use the equations to analyze the formation, growth, and dissipation of traffic platoons and shock waves over time.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    38 views17 pages

    Chapter 2C

    Uploaded by

    sunnyfok
    The document discusses shock waves in traffic flow. [1] A shock wave exists when traffic streams with different conditions meet, such as stopped vehicles forming a platoon at a red light. [2] The speed and direction of shock waves can be determined using shockwave equations. [3] Examples are provided to illustrate how to use the equations to analyze the formation, growth, and dissipation of traffic platoons and shock waves over time.

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    Chapter Two

    Traffic Flow Fundamentals

    Section 1: Traffic Stream Variables


    Section 2: Macroscopic Models of Traffic Flow
    Section 3: Shock Waves in Traffic
    Section 4: Highway Capacity and Level of Service

    1
    Shock Waves in Traffic

    • A shock wave is said to exist whenever traffic streams


    of varying stream conditions meet. To a stationary
    observer, he would see either the formation or
    dissipation of a platoon of vehicles.
    • Example, vehicles stopped by a red light are packed at
    jam density (with zero speed and flow). Upstream of
    the stationary platoon, vehicles approach the platoon
    at the approach conditions. The shock wave between
    the approach vehicles and the jammed vehicles
    defined by the last vehicle to be stopped is, in fact,
    moving in the negative (upstream) direction.
    2
    3
    Illustration

    Approach Queuing Release


    traffic traffic traffic

    4
    Shockwave equation

    (kb, qb)
    (ka, qa)

    5
    Shockwave equation

    6
    Example

    From the Figure on p. 4, determine the magnitude and direction


    of the speeds of the two shock waves AA and BB and determine
    the rate at which the platoon is growing behind the truck.

    7
    8
    Example

    • In the last example, assume that the truck exited the traffic
    stream 10 minutes after slowing down. Vehicles at the front of
    the platoon were then released to a speed of 20 mph and a
    concentration of 70 veh/mi. Compute the amount of time it
    took the 10 mi/h platoon to disappear.

    The release conditions imply a flow of (20 mi/h)(70


    veh/mi) = 1400 veh/h. (Point 3 on the previous graph)

    At the end of 10 min, the platoon had grown to a


    length of: L=(7.9 mi/h)(1/6 h) = 1.3 mi

    With a density of 120 veh/mi, the platoon had


    (1.3)(120) = 156 vehicles. 9
    10
    Example

    • In the last example, determine the speed of the shock


    wave that commenced at the instant when the 10
    mi/h platoon was totally eliminated.

    11
    Other examples

    12
    Regions of different densities separated
    by shockwaves
    S p ace (T raffic D irection )

    In cident L ocation

    In cident In cident
    start tim e clearance tim e T im e
    13
    Argyle 1
    Argyle 1
    Street
    Street

    Portland Portland time


    time
    Street Street

    Existing plan: Portland Street VGNC plan: Portland Street

    Argyle 2 Argyle 2

    Street Street

    Shanghai time Shanghai time


    Street Street

    Existing plan: Shanghai Street VGNC plan: Shanghai Street

    Argyle 3 Argyle 3

    Street Street

    Reclamation time
    time Street
    14
    Existing plan: Reclamation Street VGNC plan: Reclamation Street
    3
    Reclamation
    Street

    2
    Shanghai
    Street

    Portland 1
    Street

    Argyle time
    Street 15
    Shockwave Construction
    C

    A B

    A D C
    B
    A
    A
    16
    Shockwave Construction

    C
    A

    D B

    A D
    C C
    D
    B C A
    A A
    A A
    17

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