Galleto Rationale
Galleto Rationale
Galleto Rationale
CHRISTINE L. GALLETO
April 2022
v
___________________
____________________
___________________
CHRISTINE L. GALLETO
April 2022
vi
INTRODUCTION
Rationale
and cause severe threats to humanity. The World Health Organisation (WHO)
releases guidelines to help the countries to reduce the spread of this virus to the
public, like wearing Face masks are now required by law in many public places
around the world. Masks, however, were causing litter problems on land and at
sea long before they were made mandatory. Given that surgical masks are only
supposed to be worn for one day, this creates a massive trail of clinical waste in
the environment.
Even before the COVID-19 epidemic, there was a major threat: waste
the terrestrial and marine habitats, this has become a major concern in recent
the usage of gloves, face mask, hand sanitizer bottles and syringes, which are
mostly made of plastic. If these products are not properly handled or disposed of
As we continue to live with Covid-19, face masks will become part of our
"new normal." While face masks will undoubtedly be an adjustment for all
vii
students, for children with speech, hearing, and language issues, the use of face
or not, should reflect a balance between public health and environmental safety
in the top of the political agenda, not only to minimize plastics leakage and
pollution, but to promote sustainable growth and to stimulate both green and
use of plastic, should start soon with the involvement of the scientific community,
plastic producers and politicians in order to be prepared for the near future.
viii
Literature Background
lockdown are now being used to combat the coronavirus outbreak. This ongoing
pandemic situation created that wearing mask is must for every human life. The
use of masks is expanding, which means more masks are being produced and
more energy is being consumed. Furthermore, the growing use of face masks
adds to landfill and medical waste. The majority of these face mask wastes
or microplastic pollution.
ethics, which is more comprehensive and holistic. According to Dunlap & Van
Lier (1978), if a person sees the world as an independent value, one believes
that nature should be protected without keeping his own interests at the forefront
and acts accordingly, all of which mean such a person has ecocentric thoughts.
Such people can see plants and animals are equally important and valuable as
people.
would limit waste, enhance the aesthetic and spiritual value of nature, and confer
psychological and economic rewards upon individuals and business that follow a
pollution generated by mask waste. Broadly, there are two ways for recycling
xi
re-melted and re-processed into various end products; either to produce the
“Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000” highlights the proper way of
penalties, and seminars and programs were high but on materials and facilities,
campaign is necessary to both the community and the barangay leaders along
urbanization, growing middle class and it has a large and young population
(World Bank, 2020). Given this condition, solid waste production in the
Philippines also increases (Castillo & Otoma, 2013). Republic Act No. 9003
xii
(Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000) defined solid waste as all
waste in a manner that is in accord with the best principles of public health,
& Wilson, 2009). Improper waste disposal, inefficient waste collection and lack of
Philippines (Matunog & Awa, 2013; Senate Economic Planning Office, 2017).
(WWF-Philippines, 2018).
pollution and flooding and other socio-economic problem (Abu Qdais, 2007;
Otherwise, one of the theories that is use to call for moral responsibility to
must include expanding sphere of moral concern to encompass the land. Only
communities, in all their diversity, productivity, and beauty, function well and
Therefore, research shows that many Junior & Senior High School have
difficulty in finding a durable and eco-friendly bag for printed modules in the local
area. In this study, it creates a new product and also minimizing the face mask
preventing the COVID-19 pandemic. The demand for such gadgets, as well as
on life cycle assessment and circularity assessment are the most sustainable
all categories.
xiv
Lastly, recycling single use and disposable face masks into a bag has a
from the face mask and protects the health of the environment and wildlife.
THE PROBLEM
The main thrust of the study was to evaluate the level of acceptability of the
respondents of Ecofacemask-Sheet.
1. Profile of Respondents
1.1. Age
1.2. Sex
2.2. Quality
3. Significant
The researchers believed that this study would be of great help to the
following persons:
xv
Junior & Senior High School Students. This study will help students in a
way that could help the researcher create another product that can be used in a
researchers who desire to conduct similar research work and serves as their
guide in accomplishing the tasks having the findings serve as bases in their
research.
1. How durable is this material for a storage bag that could carry lots of
modules?
2. What should you do to help the community to minimize the problem in
3. What are the other sustainable solutions for this kind of waste, which
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Design
Environment
located in Poblacion Dagohoy Bohol. Dagohoy National High School is one of the
public schools of the Philippines, established in 2002. Near this place are: San
Miguel Elementary School (146 m), Caluasan Elementary School (1 km), Babag
Participants
The subjects of the study are the Junior & Senior High school teachers for
the school year 2021-2022. From a population size of 58, a sample size of 16.
Senior high school teachers will be the experimental group and junior high school
will be the control group. The teachers for the study will be chosen through pair
Instruments
level to ModEco-Bag. The said questionnaire composed of two parts: The first
part is about the respondent’s profile while the second part is likert-scale
xvii
on different attributes.
Procedure
With the permission and approval from the Dean of the College of Advanced
University Main Campus, the researchers will send a letter of request that will be
addressed to the office of Dagohoy National High School to ask for permission,
approval and assistance to conduct this study. An informed consent was also be
After receiving the approval letter, the researcher will conduct the study to
the chosen school among the randomly chosen respondents. The respondents
will be given enough time to answer the questionnaire for their honest and valid
gathered data for his interpretation and analysis which will be the basis in
xviii
researcher will make sure for the confidentiality of the respondents’ answers.
Statistical Treatment
method.
Notes:
t = t-test
N = subject of sample
d.b = decide by N – I
The table below shows the attributes, criteria, BC1, and in BC2 used in
identifying the respondents’ perception on using bag from recycled face mask:
Ethical Consideration
the respondents will be given ample time to complete the questionnaire without
being forced to do so. It is critical that the research process does not harm
participants in any way, and that any personally identifiable information is not
the support of the instructor, peers, and those with knowledge in the field. As a
result, the goal of this research is to defend all contributors' intellectual property
rights.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
device with an official EN 14683 standard description of "a medical face mask".
avoid, when the wearer exhales, the projection of secretions from the upper
‘air’ routes. A surgical mask is designed for a single use only. It should be
Européene) marking, the dated reference of standard EN 14683, and the type of
mask (type I, II, or IIR). This last information characterizes the performances of
according to EN 14683, the last being required only for IIR masks. A medical
face mask with an appropriate microbial barrier can also be effective in reducing
the emission of infective agents from the nose and mouth of an asymptomatic
materials that would otherwise be thrown away as trash and turning them into
new products. Recycling can benefit your community and the environment.
reused in recycling serve as substitutes for raw materials obtained from such
mineral ores, and trees. Recycling can help reduce the quantities of solid
Recycling also reduces the pollution of air, water, and land resulting from
waste disposal.
REFERENCES
Andrews, G. (2018). Resolving the Water Pollution Crisis in the Philippines: the
Implications of Water Pollution on Public Health and the Economy.
Pepperdine Policy Review, 10(1), 2.
xxiii
Baltaci, F., Yirik, Ş., Sargin, S. A., & Yumusak, A. (2015). From the ecocentric
and anthropocentric perspectives, a survey of future tourism entrepreneurs'
attitudes toward environmental issues: Sample of Akdeniz university.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 5(1), 139-
Bentley, Tim Andrew, Stephen T. T. Teo, Laurie McLeod, Felix Tan, Rachelle
Bosua, and Marianne Gloet. (2016). The Role of Organisational Support in
Teleworker Wellbeing: A Socio-Technical Systems Approach. Applied
Ergonomics 52: 207–15.
Berame, J. S., Hojilla, M. B., Trinidad, E., Lawsin, N. L., Orozco, J. A., Arevalo, I.
J., & Alam, Z. F. (2021). Strategies and Approaches Towards
Environmental Biomonitoring of Freshwater Ecosystems in Philippines.
Nature Environment & Pollution Technology, 20(4)
Boix Rodríguez, N., Formentini, G., Favi, C., & Marconi, M. (2021). Engineering
design process of face masks based on circularity and Life Cycle
Assessment in the constraint of the COVID-19 pandemic. Sustainability,
13(9), 4948.
Crespo, C., Ibarz, G., Sáenz, C., Gonzalez, P., & Roche, S. (2021). Study of
Recycling Potential of FFP2 Face Masks and Characterization of the
Plastic Mix-Material Obtained. A Way of Reducing Waste in Times of
Covid-19. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 1-10.
Gordon, R. (2004). The social system as site of disaster impact and resource for
recovery. Australian Journal of Emergency Management, The,19(4),16-2
xxiv
Herzberg, F. (1966). Work and the Nature of Man. Cleveland, World Publishing
Company. Hill, Brian. (2018). Factor Affecting Job
Satisfaction. smallbusiness.chron.com/factors-affecting-job-satisfaction-
20114.html
Ibn-Mohammed, T., Mustapha, K. B., Godsell, J., Adamu, Z., Babatunde, K. A.,
Akintade, D. D., ... & Koh, S. C. L. (2021). A critical analysis of the impacts
of COVID-19 on the global economy and ecosystems and opportunities for
circular economy strategies. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 164,
105169.
Langrish, J. P., Mills, N. L., Chan, J. K., Leseman, D. L., Aitken, R. J., Fokkens,
P. H., ... & Jiang, L. (2009). Beneficial cardiovascular effects of reducing
exposure to particulate air pollution with a simple facemask. Particle and
fibre toxicology, 6(1), 1-9.Kramer, Amit, and Karen Z. Kramer. (2020). The
Potential Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Occupational Status, Work
from Home, and Occupational Mobility. Journal of Vocational Behavior,
103442.
Molina, R. A., & Catan, I. (2021). Solid Waste Management Awareness and
Practices among Senior High School Students in a State College in
Zamboanga City, Philippines. Aquademia, 5(1), ep21001
Wynne, A. L., Nieves, P. M., Vulava, V. M., Qirko, H. N., & Callahan, T. J. (2018).
A community-based approach to solid waste management for riverine and
coastal resource sustainability in the Philippines. Ocean & Coastal
Management, 151, 36-44.
APPENDIX A
Date of Letter
SIR:
Good day!
In order to carryout the said undertaking, the researcher would like to ask permission
and approval from your office to allow her to conduct a survey questionnaire and
interview to a reasonable number of respondents in the campus for the realization of her
study.
I hope for your consideration regarding this matter. Thank you and God bless!
Sincerely yours,
CHRISTINE L. GALLETO
Researcher
Noted:
APPENDIX B
Survey
Dear Respondents,
sincerely and truthfully. Rest assured that your answer will be treated with
utmost confidentiality.
Sincerely yours,
CHRISTINE L. GALLETO
Researcher
Instructions: Please read each statement carefully. Then, put a check mark (/)
in one box that represent your response for each item.
1. Age:
11 and below 19 – 21
12 – 15 22 – 25
16 – 18
2. Sex:
Male
Female
Legend:
4 - Strongly Agree (SA)
3 - Agree (A)
2 - Slightly Disagree (SD)
1 - Disagree (D)
CURRICULUM VITAE
xxx
PERSONALINFORMATION___________________ __
____________________
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND_____________________________________
ELIGIBILITY______________________________________________________
WORK EXPERIENCE______________________________________________
DESIGNATION/ASSIGNMENT