5/10/22, 11:49 AM Simplex method calculator

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Home > Operation Research calculators > Simplex method calculator

 
Algorithm and examples
Method 1. Simplex method (BigM method)
Solve the Linear programming problem using
Simplex method calculator
Type your linear programming problem
MAX Z = 8x1 - 3x2 + 15x3

subject to

5x1 - 1.8x2 - 3.6x3 >= 2

3x1 + 6x2 + 8.2x3 >= 5

1.5x1 - 4x2 + 7.5x3 >= -4.5

-x2 + 5x3 >= 1.5

OR
Total Variables :
3   Total Constraints :  4   Generate
 

Max Z= 8 x1 + -3 x2 + 15 x3
Subject to constraints
5 x1 + -1.8 x2 + -3.6 x3 >= 2
3 x1 + 6 x2 + 8.2 x3 >= 5
1.5 x1 + -4 x2 + 7.5 x3 >= -4.5
0 x1 + -1 x2 + 5 x3 >= 1.5

and x1,x2,x3 >= 0 and unrestricted in sign x1, x2, x3

Mode :
Decimal
Calculate : Zj-Cj
Alternate Solution (if exists)
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Solution Help

Solution will be displayed step by step (In 4 parts)

Solution

Find solution using Simplex method (BigM method)

MAX Z = 8x1 - 3x2 + 15x3
subject to
5x1 - 1.8x2 - 3.6x3 >= 2
3x1 + 6x2 + 8.2x3 >= 5
1.5x1 - 4x2 + 7.5x3 >= -4.5
-x2 + 5x3 >= 1.5
and x1,x2,x3 >= 0

Solution:
Problem is
Max Z = 8 x 1 - 3 x 2 + 15 x 3
subject to
5 x1 - 1.8 x 2 - 3.6 x 3 ≥ 2
3 x1 + 6 x2 + 8.2 x 3 ≥ 5
1.5 x 1 - 4 x2 + 7.5 x 3 ≥ - 4.5
Here b 3 = - 4.5 < 0,
so multiply this constraint by -1 to make b 3 > 0.
- 1.5 x 1 + 4 x2 - 7.5 x 3 ≤ 4.5
- x2 + 5 x 3 ≥ 1.5
and x 1, x 2, x 3 ≥ 0;

https://cbom.atozmath.com/CBOM/Simplex.aspx?q=sm&q1=3%604%60MAX%60Z%60x1%2Cx2%2Cx3%608%2C-3%2C15%605%2C-1.8%2C-… 1/3
5/10/22, 11:49 AM Simplex method calculator

The problem is converted to canonical form by adding slack, surplus and artificial variables as appropiate

1. As the constraint-1 is of type ' ≥ ' we should subtract surplus variable S 1 and add artificial variable A 1

2. As the constraint-2 is of type ' ≥ ' we should subtract surplus variable S 2 and add artificial variable A 2

3. As the constraint-3 is of type ' ≤ ' we should add slack variable S 3

NOW
4. As the constraint-4 is of type ' ≥ ' we should subtract surplus variable S 4 and add artificial
PLAYING variable A 3

After introducing slack,surplus,artificial variables

Max Z = 8 x 1 - 3 x 2 + 15 x 3 + 0 S 1 + 0 S 2 + 0 S 3 + 0 S 4 - M A 1 - M A 2 - M A 3
subject to
5 x 1 - 1.8 x 2 - 3.6 x 3 - S 1 + A1 =2
3 x 1 + 6 x 2 + 8.2 x 3 - S2 + A2 =5
- 1.5 x 1 + 4 x 2 - 7.5 x 3 + S3 = 4.5
- x2 + 5 x3 - S4 + A 3 = 1.5
and x 1, x 2, x 3, S 1, S 2, S 3, S 4, A 1, A 2, A 3 ≥ 0

Iteration-1 Cj 8 -3 15 0 0 0 0 -M -M -M

Min
CB XB x1 x2 x3 S1 S2 S3 S4 A1 A2 A3 X
B
x

A1 -M 2 5 - 1.8 - 3.6 -1 0 0 0 1 0 0

5
A2 -M 5 3 6 8.2 0 -1 0 0 0 1 0 =
8.2
S3 0 4.5 - 1.5 4 - 7.5 0 0 1 0 0 0 0

1.5
A3 -M 1.5 0 -1 (5) 0 0 0 -1 0 0 1 =
5

Z = - 8.5M Zj - 8M - 3.2M - 9.6M M M 0 M -M -M -M

Zj - Cj - 8M - 8 - 3.2M + 3 - 9.6M - 15 ↑ M M 0 M 0 0 0

Negative minimum Z j - C j is - 9.6M - 15 and its column index is 3. So, the entering variable is x 3.

Minimum ratio is 0.3 and its row index is 4. So, the leaving basis variable is A 3.

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Click here to display next solution steps (part - 2 / 4)

https://cbom.atozmath.com/CBOM/Simplex.aspx?q=sm&q1=3%604%60MAX%60Z%60x1%2Cx2%2Cx3%608%2C-3%2C15%605%2C-1.8%2C-… 2/3
5/10/22, 11:49 AM Simplex method calculator

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https://cbom.atozmath.com/CBOM/Simplex.aspx?q=sm&q1=3%604%60MAX%60Z%60x1%2Cx2%2Cx3%608%2C-3%2C15%605%2C-1.8%2C-… 3/3