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    Islamic Theory of Sovereignty

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    Soha Rajpoot
    1) In Islam, Allah alone holds absolute and indivisible sovereignty. 2) Humans are given vicegerency over Earth's dominion, but remain accountable to Allah's sovereignty. 3) Political authority is delegated to elected leaders or rulers, but they exercise limited power defined by Sharia law, not absolute sovereignty. Their role is to uphold Allah's commands.

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    Islamic Theory of Sovereignty

    Uploaded by

    Soha Rajpoot
    26 views15 pages
    1) In Islam, Allah alone holds absolute and indivisible sovereignty. 2) Humans are given vicegerency over Earth's dominion, but remain accountable to Allah's sovereignty. 3) Political authority is delegated to elected leaders or rulers, but they exercise limited power defined by Sharia law, not absolute sovereignty. Their role is to uphold Allah's commands.

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    Islamic theory of sovereignty

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    1) In Islam, Allah alone holds absolute and indivisible sovereignty. 2) Humans are given vicegerency over Earth's dominion, but remain accountable to Allah's sovereignty. 3) Political authority is delegated to elected leaders or rulers, but they exercise limited power defined by Sharia law, not absolute sovereignty. Their role is to uphold Allah's commands.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    26 views15 pages

    Islamic Theory of Sovereignty

    Uploaded by

    Soha Rajpoot
    1) In Islam, Allah alone holds absolute and indivisible sovereignty. 2) Humans are given vicegerency over Earth's dominion, but remain accountable to Allah's sovereignty. 3) Political authority is delegated to elected leaders or rulers, but they exercise limited power defined by Sharia law, not absolute sovereignty. Their role is to uphold Allah's commands.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 15

    Islamic Theory of Sovereignty

    • Islam has given a unique and different concept of sovereignty. It is the


    fundamental belief and faith of the Muslims that Allah Almighty is the
    only sovereign authority. It is the only Allah Almighty which has all
    supreme powers and authorities. And He is alone in His sovereignty.

    • Essential elements of Islamic theory are


    1. Sovereignty of Allah
    2. Khilafat of Man
    3. Delegated / Limited authority of the legislation of Amir/Majlis-e-
    Shura
    Sovereignty of Allah
    (Surah Zukhruf, 84-85)

    • And it is Allah who is [the only] deity in the heaven, and on


    the earth [the only] deity. And He is the Wise, the Knowing.
    And blessed is He to whom belongs the dominion of the
    heavens and the earth and whatever is between them and
    with whom is knowledge of the Hour and to whom you will
    be returned.” Quran
    • Allah’s Sovereignty is absolute
    • Allah’s sovereignty is universal and All-comprehensive
    • Allah’s sovereignty is imprescriptible (non-transferrable) and all-
    comprehensive
    • Allah’s sovereignty is inalienable
    • Indivisible
    • Permanent
    • Allah’s sovereignty is original
    ‫وہی زندگی بخشتا ہے اور وہی موت دیتا ہے گردش لیل و نہار اسی کے قبضہ •‬
    ‫قدرت میں ہے کیا تمہاری سمجھ میں یہ بات نہیں آتی‬
    (The King)
    The Sovereign Lord, The One with the
    Al-Malik
    complete Dominion, the One Whose
    Dominion is clear from imperfection
    (The Mighty One)
    Al-Aziz The Strong, The Defeater who is not
    defeated
    Al-
    (The Dominant One)
    Mutakabbi
    The One who is clear from the attributes of the creatures and from resembling them.
    r

    (The All-Prevailing One)


    Al-Qahhar
    The Dominant, The One who has the perfect Power and is not unable over anything.

    (The Supreme Bestower)


    Al-
    The One who is Generous in giving plenty without any return. He is everything that benefits whether Halal or
    Wahhab
    Haram.

    (The Total Provider)


    Ar-Razzaq
    The Sustainer, The Provider.

    (The Impartial Judge)


    Al-Hakam The Judge, He is the Ruler and The Judge, He is the Ruler and His judgment is His Word. His judgment is His
    Word.
    (The Magnificent One)
    Al-Azeem The Great One, The Mighty, The One deserving the attributes of Exaltment, Glory, Extolement, and Purity from all
    imperfection.
    Vicegerency of Man:-
    • Behold, thy Lord said to the angels: "I will create
    a vicegerent on earth”
    • ‫(سورة البقرة‬Al-Baqara, Chapter #2, Verse #30

    • He it is Who appointed you vicegerents upon the earth and raised


    some of you by degrees above others, that He may try you in that
    which He has given you.
    • (Sūrat al-An‘ām, No 6, Āyat 165)
    • The word ‘khalā‘if’ is plural of the world ‘khalīfah’, meaning
    representatives or successors,. The first khalīfah or vicegerent Allah
    appointed on earth was Prophet Adam ‘alayhis-salām. The Quran
    says: And when your Lord said to the angels, I am going to place in
    the earth a khalīfah (Q 2:30). As Adam (a) represents humanity, all
    human beings can be understood to be God’s vicegerents on earth.
    • In Islamic political terminology the Khalīfah is the title of the head of
    Islamic state (anglicized as caliph).
    • The verse then goes on to explain that Allah (swt) creates people with
    differing potential. He gives people different abilities and talents,
    equips them with different types of bodies and mental abilities. The
    reason for these differences is not to make some ultimately superior
    over others. Rather it is to test them to see how they use what He has
    given them. Human beings have often used this God-given potential
    and abilities for wrong purposes.
    The concept of Amir:-
    • The Quran says, O you who believe! Obey Allah and obey messenger
    and those of you who are in authority and if you have any dispute
    concerning any matter, refer it to Allah and the Messenger
    • The Amir may be one man or group of man such as legislature. But he
    or the legislature does not exercise the sovereignty or absolute power
    but just the delegated authority as declared by the Shariah, the Divine
    Law.
    Difference between Islamic sovereignty and
    western sovereignty
    • Islamic concept of sovereignty differs from western concept of
    sovereignty in terms of personality, authority etc.
    • The most significant division lies in their spiritual and materialistic
    concepts.
    • 1. By personality:- In Islam sovereignty lies with Allah almighty and in
    western concept any individual can fill the office of sovereignty.
    • 2. Social Contract: According to western concept, the idea of
    sovereignty came into existence through contract while according to
    Islamic concept of sovereignty it belongs to Allah, and it was
    introduced, taught and practiced by the prophets of Allah

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