Easy As 1 2 3
Easy As 1 2 3
Easy As 1 2 3
Activity Objective
Materials
ü Marble or other small sphere
ü Two meter sticks taped together in a “v” shape
ü Three spring scales
ü Plastic cup
ü Index card
ü Coin
ü Stop watch
Background
An understanding of the motion of planes and rockets requires a general knowledge of
Newton’s three laws. The following activities are specific to each of the laws and will help
students see relationships between all three.
Instructions
Procedure
A
Newton’s First
Law is generally stated as, “Things in motion tend to remain in motion, things at
rest
tend to remain at rest.” The tendency to stay at rest
or, once moving, in motion, is called
INERTIA. Things move or stop only if acted upon by another force.
1. Set
a container on a table.
2. Place a card on top of the container and place a quarter on top of the card.
1
6. What
force acted on the coin after step 3? (If the card is flipped out
of the way fast
enough,
the coin will remain over the container and fall into it.)
Procedure
B
Newton’s Second Law is “Acceleration of an object
increases as the force causing acceleration
increases.”
1. Prepare a ramp about
1 meter long.
2. Lift one end of the ramp and place a pencil under it.
3. Roll a marble down the ramp and time the roll from one end to the other.
5. Place a book under the lifted end and start
the marble on a ramp with one end pencil
high. As the marble starts out, lift
the end of the ramp higher.
Procedure
C
Newton’s Third law is, “For every action there is an opposite and equal reaction.”
1. Take two spring scales and hook them together.
2. Have two students pull on the scales in opposite directions. Record the readings from
both scales.
3. Place a third scale between the other two. Record the readings from all three.
4. What
were the differences in the readings for the two scales?
2
5. What
were the differences when three scales were used? (The readings should all be
the same in each experiment.)
Extension
Have the students apply the principles of Newton’s laws to the description of:
-‐ A plane taking off and climbing to 2,000 feet
while accelerating to 120 miles per hour.
-‐ A three-‐stage rocket
launched into orbit
around the Earth then sent
on to the moon.
Which of Newton’s laws are being applied in each case and at what
point
are they being
applied?