RAPID EIA STUDY FOR CONSTRUCTION OF RESIDENTIAL

COMPLEX AT G.T. ROAD, MOUZA MAHESH, SERAMPORE,

WEST BENGAL
B1

ANNEXURE – XVI

TRAFFIC IMPACT STUDY

REPORT

By :

GMD CONSULTANTS

PROJECT
: HAPPY NIKETAN PVT. LTD.
PROPONENT
ENVIRONMENT J B ENVIRO CONSULTANTS PVT. LTD.
:
CONSULTANT
Happy Niketan Kolkata Traffic Impact Study

Table of Contents
1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................... 1

1.2 SCOPE................................................................................................................................ 1

1.3 ASSUMPTIONS................................................................................................................... 1

1.3.1 CODES AND MANUALS ..................................................................................................... 2

1.3.2 DESIGN PARAMETERS ..................................................................................................... 2

1.4 TRAFFIC STUDY METHODOLOGY .................................................................................... 3

1.5 TRAFFIC MODEL ................................................................................................................ 4

1.6 OUTLINE OF THE REPORT ................................................................................................ 5

2 SITE APPRECIATION, EXISTING TRANSPORT NETWORK AND BASE TRAFFIC .......... 6

2.1 PROJECT LOCATION ......................................................................................................... 6

2.2 SURROUNDING ROAD NETWORK .................................................................................... 7

2.3 TRAFFIC SURVEYS............................................................................................................ 8

2.4 BASE TRAFFIC ................................................................................................................... 9

3 PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT ........................................................................................... 12

3.1 AREA/UNIT STATEMENT ................................................................................................. 13

3.2 PARKING STATEMENT .................................................................................................... 14

4 TRAFFIC ANALYSIS......................................................................................................... 15

4.1 TRAFFIC FORECAST ....................................................................................................... 15

4.2 TRAFFIC ASSIGNMENT ................................................................................................... 16

4.3 TRAFFIC IMPACT ANALYSIS ........................................................................................... 16

4.4 INTERSECTION ANALYSIS .............................................................................................. 17

4.5 TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT OF SURROUNDING ROADS ................................................... 19

5 OTHER IMPORTANT ASSESSMENTS ............................................................................. 20

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5.1 SWEPT PATH ANALYSIS ................................................................................................. 20

5.2 OBJECTIVES .................................................................................................................... 20

5.3 DESIGN VEHICLE............................................................................................................. 20

5.4 LAYOUT PLAN .................................................................................................................. 21

6 TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT PLAN ...................................................................................... 22

6.1 TRAFFIC CALMING .......................................................................................................... 22

6.2 TRAFFIC CONTROL MEASURES ..................................................................................... 22

7 CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS........................................................................ 26

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List of Figures
Figure 1-1 Traffic Study Methodology .................................................................................................. 3

Figure 1-2 Traffic Model ....................................................................................................................... 4

Figure 2-1 Project Location ................................................................................................................... 6

Figure 2-2 Surrounding Road Network and Traffic Survey Location within 5KM Radius ........................ 7

Figure 2-3 Surrounding Road Network Inventory within 5KM Radius ..................................................... 8

Figure 2-5 Hourly Traffic Distribution for Grand Trunk Road ................................................................ 10

Figure 2-6 Modal Split (vehicles) for Grand Trunk Road ...................................................................... 11

Figure 3-1 Entry/Exit Points – Layout Plan ......................................................................................... 12

Figure 3-2 traffic Circulation – Layout Plan.......................................................................................... 13

Figure 4-1 Existing LOS for the neighboring road network (2018) - 5KM Study Area .......................... 18

Figure 4-2 Projected LOS for the neighboring road network (2030) – Do Nothing Scenario for ............ 18

Figure 4-3 Projected LOS for the neighboring road network (2030) – Traffic Management Scenario for
5Km Study Area ................................................................................................................................. 19

Figure 5-1 Dimensions of Fire Tender ................................................................................................ 20

Figure 5-2 Fire Tender Movement Plan – Layout plan ......................................................................... 21

Figure 6-1 Illustration of a Speed Hump ............................................................................................. 24

Figure 6-2 Traffic Management Plan .................................................................................................. 25

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List of Tables
Table 1-1 Roadway Capacities as per IRC 106: 1990 .......................................................................... 2

Table 1-2 Description of LOS based on V/C Ratio ................................................................................ 3

Table 2-1 Hourly Traffic Volume on Grand Trunk Road ...................................................................... 10

Table 3-1 Parking Statement ............................................................................................................. 14

Table 4-1 Trip Generation .................................................................................................................. 15

Table 4-2 Base Traffic Forecast for Project Network Roads................................................................ 16

Table 4-3 Trip Assignment on Existing Road Network ........................................................................ 16

Table 4-4 Traffic Capacity Analysis of Access Roads – 2020 ............................................................. 17

Table 4-4 Traffic Capacity Analysis of Access Roads – 2030 ............................................................. 17

Table 6-1 Traffic Control Measures .................................................................................................... 23

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1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND
Project proponent has proposed to construct residential and commercial project. The project comprises
of 4891 residential units. On completion, the project will provide 3876 parking spaces within the
premises.

GMD Consultants has been commissioned by the project proponent to provide a Traffic Impact Study
for this project.

1.2 SCOPE
The scope of this study is listed below:

• Traffic Surveys: To conduct traffic surveys of area project site in order to capture base traffic:

o Assess current traffic pattern on access road – neighboring road network

o Capture traffic emanating from new developments and from adjacent properties

• Traffic Circulation: To review traffic circulation plan considering various types of vehicles users
(cars, 2W, fire tender)

• Traffic Surveys: To conduct traffic surveys of all roads within radius of 5 km of project area to
capture base traffic:

• Impact Analysis: Analyze the forecast project traffic in conjunction with base traffic. Conduct an
Impact Analysis of project traffic as well as study impacts and suggest mitigation measures.

• Swept Path Analysis: Review traffic circulation to ensure proper and efficient traffic movement.
Conduct swept path analysis at critical locations of project entry/exit to ensure safe and efficient
turning maneuvers.

• Junction Analysis: Junction analysis for present (2018) and future scenario (2030) using PTV
VISTRO Software

• Traffic Control: Address the provision of road signages, markings and traffic calming measures.
Also provide a traffic management plan to address issues of traffic control and safe dispersal.

1.3 ASSUMPTIONS
GMD Consultants follows standard procedures and guidelines to determine the impact of added traffic
on proposed facilities. In the following sections, the assumptions considered as well as selected design
standards and parameters for the analysis have been discussed.

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1.3.1 CODES AND MANUALS

Design standards are generally followed bottom-up or part to whole. Local bylaws are given highest
priority to meet the requirements set by local development control agency. Other standards, although
explicitly not mentioned by local development control agency, are referred from national or international
design manuals that are accepted and widely referred by other professionals in the industry.

Following Codes and Manuals have been referred in this study:

• Codes by Indian Road Congress

• A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets’ by American Association of State

Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO)

• Trip Generation and Parking Generation handbooks by Institute of Transportation Engineers

(ITE)

• Guidelines for Preparation of Traffic Impact Assessment Reports by LTA, Singapore

• Design recommendations for multi-story and underground car parks 3rd Edition, Instruct, UK.

1.3.2 DESIGN PARAMETERS

The basic design parameters considered for the study has been illustrated below:

1) The social status as well as economic well-being of the residents plays an important role in
determining the parking demand for any residential project.

2) The visitors will expect a safe and efficient circulation with good levels of service, i.e. minimum
waiting time at security check, proper traffic control at entry / exits, minimum congestion delays
and pleasing aesthetics.

3) A design vehicle is a vehicle whose dimensions and operational characteristics are used to
establish layout geometry. Toyota Innova (Big Car) and Maruti Swift (Small Car) and Volvo 400
(Fire Tender) were chosen as the design vehicles.

4) The speed of the vehicle is restricted within the premises as below

a. On the straight sections - 15 kmph

b. On turns and bends - 10 kmph

c. On ramps - 10 kmph

5) The maximum number of traffic a road can carry is referred to as its Capacity or design Service
Volume. The service volumes considered for the project is given below.

Table 1-1 Roadway Capacities as per IRC 106: 1990

Type of Roadway Road Capacity* Category

4 Lane Divided 4143 (Sub-Arterial)

*Indian Road Congress 106: 1990 Urban Road Capacity

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6) Level of Service (LOS) can be defined as a letter designation that describes a range of operating
characteristics on a given facility. Six Levels of Service are defined for capacity analysis. They
are given letter designations from A to F, with LOS ‘A’ representing best level of operational
standards and LOS ‘F’ the worst.

Table 1-2 Description of LOS based on V/C Ratio

Level of
Volume/Capacity Level of
Service Nature of flow
Ratio (V/C) Comfort
(LOS)
A <0.30 Highest Free Flow
Reasonably free
B 0.30 – 0.50
flow
C 0.50 – 0.70 Stable flow
Approaching
D 0.70 – 0.90 Threshold
unstable flow
E 1.00 Unstable flow

F >1.00 Lowest Forced flow

Maximum waiting time for such high-profile users preferred is 60 seconds.

1.4 TRAFFIC STUDY METHODOLOGY

The methodology adopted for traffic analysis for this project is represented in the form of a flowchart as
shown in

Figure 1-1.

INPUT STAGE OUTPUT

Processed Data for Traffic

Design Parameters, Drawing Plans Data Analysis
Modelling

Traffic Modelling
Area Statement, Adjoining Road Traffic Model Validation, Future
Traffic Demand
Networ, Entry/Exit Access, Parking Traffic Forecast, Efficiency
Parking Demand

Peak hour mode wise traffic, Level of Service Check Check for congestion, waiting time,
Circulation Plan & Road Network Traffic Simulation delay at Entry/ exit and mitigation

Base Parameters: Area, Land Use, Sensitivity Analysis Impact on Traffic Circulation, Level
Traffic, Variation in horizon years Risk Assessment of Service, Risk Assessment

Overall circulation , Road Markings Safety and Sight Distance Checks, Pedestrian
and Signages Sustainability Safety

Conclusions and
Recommendations

Figure 1-1 Traffic Study Methodology

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1.5 TRAFFIC MODEL

Traffic modeling is the process of analyzing the pattern in which an area’s transport network would be
used by traffic given the distribution and characteristics of the area’s population, employment and other
land uses. The output of traffic analysis is forecast of vehicles using each road segment within the study
area. Traffic forecast is best achieved by transportation modeling. The conventional transportation
modeling is a four-stage process. The most widespread form of model utilized is gravity model and the
same is utilized for this project. The broad outline of this four-stage gravity model is illustrated in Figure
1-2 below.

TRAFFIC
MODELLING

LANDUSE & ROAD & PUBLIC

ZONING SYSTEM
SOCIO-ECONOMIC DATA TRANSPORT NETWORK

How many trips by

TRIP GENERATION
type ?

What is the pattern

TRIP DISTRIBUTION of trip making ?

Which mode of
MODAL SPLIT transport is used ?

Which route is
TRIP ASSIGNMENT taken?

Figure 1-2 Traffic Model

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1.6 OUTLINE OF THE REPORT

The report has been organized in the following order:

Chapter 1 Introduction, scope, assumptions and methodology

Chapter 2 Illustrates the existing road network and the present traffic scenario at the project site as well
as details on external road network considered and neighbouring region profile to give an overview of
the baseline (existing) traffic conditions.

Chapter 3 Explains the salient features of the proposed development.

Chapter 4 Describes the analysis of traffic survey and road network data for neighbouring roads and
gives a better picture of where they stand as far as level of service is concerned. Also, the likely number
of trips that would be generated by the project has been forecasted and its likely impact on road traffic
was studied.
Chapter 5 Describes the analysis studies conducted to study various other aspects of the project. This
includes swept path analysis.

Chapter 6 Describes the Traffic Management Plan including various traffic calming measures for the
project to ensure safe and secure circulation of pedestrians and vehicles.

Chapter 7 Summarises the conclusions and recommendations of the study.

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2 SITE APPRECIATION, EXISTING TRANSPORT NETWORK

AND BASE TRAFFIC
The existing transport network surrounding the project has been illustrated in the section below.

2.1 PROJECT LOCATION

The project is located at Serampore, Howrah. Serampore railway station is the nearest railway station
located at a distance of 2.6 km from site which provides local connectivity. Netaji Subhas Airport is the
nearest airport from site which is located at distance of 29.6 km from site. The site is well connected to
major landmarks in and around Mumbai by road as well as rail. The project has direct access to Grand
Trunk Road

Figure 2-1 shows an aerial view of the location.

PROJECT LOCATION
SERAMPORE
Railway Station

PROJECT
GANGA RIVER
LOCATION

HOWRAH

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Figure 2-1 Project Location

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2.2 SURROUNDING ROAD NETWORK

The project location is surrounded by a planned road network. The project has direct access to Grand
Trunk Road

The location of the proposed development and surrounding road network as discussed above are
illustrated in Figure 2-2
SURVEY LOCATION
Indira Gandhi Road

Road No 31
Barrackpore Trunk Road
Grand trunk Road
Barasat barrackpore Road
Balia uttarpara Road

N K Banerjee st

F D Road
Kalayni Exp

Survey Location

Figure 2-2 Surrounding Road Network and Traffic Survey Location within 5KM Radius

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Following pictures depict the surrounding road network.

ROAD NETWORK INVENTORY
INDIRA GANDHI ROAD ROAD NO 31 BARRACKPORE TRUNK ROAD

GRAND TRUNK ROAD PROJECT ENTRANCE BALIA UTTARPARA ROAD

N K BANERJEE ROAD F D ROAD GT & DELHI ROAD CONNECTOR

Figure 2-3 Surrounding Road Network Inventory within 5KM Radius

The site is well connected to major urban centers via road and rail. It is connected to all basic services
like hospital, police station, fire station, post office and others.

2.3 TRAFFIC SURVEYS

Traffic surveys are necessary to gather base data information about existing traffic and travel pattern
on surrounding roads. Road network within 5km radius from the project location is considered for traffic
study is shown in below. Network Inventory Survey. Traffic surveys were carried out on 12-01-2018
(Friday) and 13-01-2018 (Saturday). The traffic surveys included classified traffic volume counts. Traffic
survey was at conducted Indira Gandhi road, Road No 31, Barrackpore Trunk Road, Grand Trunk Road,
Barasat Barrackpore Road, Ballia Uttarpara road, N k Banerjee St, F D Road, Kalayni Expressway.

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STUDY LOCATION
Indira Gandhi Road

Road No 31
Barrackpore Trunk Road
Grand trunk Road
Barasat barrackpore Road
Balia uttarpara Road

N K Banerjee st

F D Road
Kalayni Exp

Figure 2-4 Surrounding Road Network within 5KM Radius

2.4 BASE TRAFFIC

Traffic survey was conducted for 24 hours to understand the hourly traffic variation for the roads. The
observed peak hour volume Grand Trunk Road has been illustrated below. Also, modal split along with
directional distribution of traffic for each road has been illustrated in the figures below.

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Table 2-1 Hourly Traffic Volume on Grand Trunk Road

3 Axle/ Total
Time Total
2W 3W Cars Buses Lcv 2 Axle Multi Vehicle
Period PCU
Axle s
8 to 9 518 403 161 12 29 25 3 1151 1167
9 to 10 546 444 149 19 43 22 2 1225 1250
10 to 11 806 697 161 20 36 17 2 1739 1742
11 to 12 855 717 168 17 47 11 2 1817 1805
12 to 13 651 604 173 17 40 15 2 1501 1518
13 to 14 557 516 148 14 34 13 1 1283 1298
14 to 15 525 487 139 13 32 12 1 1211 1224
15 to 16 527 564 171 16 46 15 3 1342 1388
16 to 17 554 608 170 13 36 10 0 1391 1416
17 to 18 633 612 191 15 34 7 0 1492 1496
18 to 19 587 617 163 17 38 8 0 1430 1452
19 to 20 683 633 181 18 42 16 2 1574 1591
20 to 21 546 507 145 14 34 12 1 1259 1273
21 to 22 488 453 130 13 30 11 1 1126 1138
22 to 23 368 341 98 9 23 8 1 848 857
23 to 24 221 205 59 6 14 5 1 509 514
24 to 1 137 127 36 4 8 3 0 315 318
1 to 2 95 88 25 2 6 2 0 218 220
2 to 3 74 68 20 2 5 2 0 170 171
3 to 4 116 107 31 3 7 3 0 266 269
4 to 5 126 117 33 3 8 3 0 291 294
5 to 6 158 146 42 4 10 4 0 363 367
6 to 7 263 244 70 7 16 6 1 605 612
7 to 8 473 438 125 12 29 11 1 1090 1102
Total 10504 9743 2788 270 646 240 25 24215 24483

Figure 2-5 Hourly Traffic Distribution for Grand Trunk Road

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Figure 2-6 Modal Split (vehicles) for Grand Trunk Road

Based on preliminary analysis it was observed that:

• Peak morning traffic was observed between 9 and 10 AM and peak evening traffic was observed
between 6 to 7 PM.
• The vehicular traffic predominantly consists of Car, two wheelers and three wheelers.

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3 PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT
The plot is being developed as a residential project comprising 3876 car parking spaces.

Provision of access points to drop off /pickup have been planned to facilitate efficient circulation and
dispersal of traffic. These access points shall provide entry / exit facility to parking and drop off locations
and are strategically located and designed in such a way that it not only adds efficacy to circulation and
accessibility but also helps in safety, security and traffic management. The access points provided for
the project and traffic circulation for the project is illustrated in below figure.

Figure 3-1 Entry/Exit Points – Layout Plan

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Figure 3-2 traffic Circulation – Layout Plan

3.1 AREA/UNIT STATEMENT

The area/unit statement is as given below.

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3.2 PARKING STATEMENT

All the parking required for the project is being accommodated within the project premises. The parking
statement is given in Table 3-1.

Table 3-1 Parking Statement

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4 TRAFFIC ANALYSIS
The traffic analysis comprises of:

• Traffic Forecast
• Traffic Impact Analysis
• Traffic Circulation

4.1 TRAFFIC FORECAST

Traffic forecasting is the process of estimating the total number
of trips generated and attracted by each land-use. Trip: A trip is an individual’s
one-way travel from one point
Traffic forecasting is done using trip generation rates which are (origin) to other (destination).
developed to estimate the number of trips generated from specific The trip can be for various
household and/or land use. For the purpose of this study, ITE trip reasons such as work,
generation manual were referred for arriving at basic trip business, education,
generation rates and these rates were further modified suitably to shopping, recreation, etc
represent Indian conditions. The no of trips includes visitors,
services and other trips attracted by residential, educational and commercial land use.

The project is expected to be commissioned by the year 2030. This would generate additional trips
during day and peak hours. The trips generated by the project are given in table below:

Table 4-1 Trip Generation

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A traffic growth of 5% is considered per year for the surrounding network. Based on this, the traffic has
been forecasted and has been summarized in Table 4-4 and Table 4-5.

Table 4-2 Base Traffic Forecast for Project Network Roads

This project being of residential land use, once commissioned will be generating predominantly outgoing
and incoming traffic during morning and evening peak hours respectively. There will be various modes
of vehicles contributing to the traffic.

4.2 TRAFFIC ASSIGNMENT

Trip distribution essentially describes that how the generated / attracted traffic arrives and departs from
the project development site and in which direction. An overall trip distribution was developed for the
site after a review of the existing travel patterns in the area. The volume of traffic generated / attracted
will have a defined pattern of distribution both for entry and exit. Locations of the residential zones,
major roadways and highways that will serve the development have been considered to arrive at trip
distribution.

The project site is surrounded by a well-planned road network. Existing neighboring roads will carry
traffic from and towards the site. The impact of the project traffic would be predominantly on Grand
Trunk Road

Following has been assumed for assignment of trips on existing road network.

Table 4-3 Trip Assignment on Existing Road Network

Roads %

Grand Trunk Road 100%

4.3 TRAFFIC IMPACT ANALYSIS

The traffic on road network within 5KM radius was analyzed to assess its impact on the existing roads.

Future traffic on adjoining roads shall comprise of following two major components:

Base Road Traffic (forecasted to year 2020 and 2040

Project Traffic (2020 and 2040

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The road traffic has been forecasted for year 2020 and 2030. This total traffic on the road is compared
with its capacity. This V/C ratio of peak traffic volume and capacity is used as an index to determine
level of congestion on link which is likely to occur when projected traffic is operative on link. Pedestrian
traffic is assumed to use footpaths and not affect the road capacity. The summary of results for future
traffic link flow conditions at different access roads is shown in Table 4-4 and Table 4-5.
Table 4-4 Traffic Capacity Analysis of Access Roads – 2020

Table 4-5 Traffic Capacity Analysis of Access Roads – 2030

*Note: If V/C ratio <1.0, it indicates acceptable level of service (LOS)

The above results indicated that there are no concerns on account of project traffic and the traffic will
continue to run as usual even after commissioning of project.

Under present configuration the Grand Trunk Road will operate at V/C ratio of maximum 0.99 for the
year 2020 and 1.5 for the year 2030 respectively during the peak hour after completion of the proposed
development, which indicates the traffic will continue to run as usual with appropriate vigil during peak
hours after commissioning of project.

4.4 INTERSECTION ANALYSIS

The intersections adjacent to the project site under 5KM radius were studied to understand the impact
of project traffic on the roadway. The peak traffic emanating from the site after completion of the project
has been tabulated below.

The existing Level of Service (2018) for the neighboring intersections has been illustrated below. Refer
Figure 4-1.

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Figure 4-1 Existing LOS for the neighboring road network (2018) - 5KM Study Area

Figure 4-2 Projected LOS for the neighboring road network (2030) – Do Nothing Scenario for
5Km Study Area

The projected Level of Service of the year 2030 for the neighboring intersections has been illustrated
below. Considering a growth factor of 5 % per year, the road traffic would grow by 60%. Major Infra
Projects impact like widening Road and has been considered for Junction analysis 2030 scenario
refer Figure 4-3.

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Figure 4-3 Projected LOS for the neighboring road network (2030) – Traffic Management Scenario for
5Km Study Area

As the LOS for 2030 scenario remains within acceptable level, below following traffic management
measures for study road network of 5km is proposed.

4.5 TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT OF SURROUNDING ROADS

By 2030, Traffic management measures will have to be adopted to cater to the increasing traffic. The
following measures have been proposed.

Install traffic management measures to regulate the flow of traffic

• Provide adequate traffic signs and signages to notify residents

• Install safety mirrors to aid visibility in conflict points

• Prevent on street parking

• Provide speed humps to regulate speed of vehicles on local streets

• Provide pedestrian crossings and dedicated footpath to cater to the walking population

• Assign traffic wardens to regulate flow of project traffic during peak hours

• Signalization of four and roundabout of one junction within 5km road network of project is
recommended in 2030

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5 OTHER IMPORTANT ASSESSMENTS

5.1 SWEPT PATH ANALYSIS

It is the analysis of the path of the design vehicle undertaking a movement and/or a turning maneuver.
At a basic level this includes calculating the thread of each wheel during the turn and also calculating
the maneuvering space needed by the vehicle body (front & rear overhang).

5.2 OBJECTIVES
The objectives of performing swept path analysis are as follows:

• To check that the plan layout can accommodate the movement of the design vehicle expected
by the development.
• To provide solutions to possible geometric congestions on the site.
• To provide information of the proposed layout and see if it serves the purpose, especially at
turns where head room for vehicle maneuvers is limited.
• To provide to local authority and developers precise information and the swept path analysis of
vehicles overlaid on the proposed site layout to demonstrate that the vehicles can maneuver
safely and efficiently within the site layout.

5.3 DESIGN VEHICLE

A design vehicle is a vehicle whose dimensions and operational characteristics are used to establish
layout geometry. From an optimum design perspective, it is beneficial to select the design vehicle which
is near to 85% percentile, i.e. 85% of vehicles will have smaller dimensions. This helps in optimizing the
space requirements. The design vehicles selected for this particular project are as follows:

• Fire Tender

Detailed design and dimensions of design vehicle has been illustrated in Figure 5-1.

Figure 5-1 Dimensions of Fire Tender

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5.4 LAYOUT PLAN

Entry/Exit points hold the key to a well efficient circulation plan. A well-defined Entry/Exit area eases out
traffic movement and reduces unnecessary congestion. Circulation path for Fire Tender travelling
through layout is analyzed.

Figure 5-2 Fire Tender Movement Plan – Layout plan

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6 TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT PLAN

The improvements to maintain the required level of service can be implemented by adopting traffic
management measures for efficient traffic operations. Traffic Management Plan (TMP)
indicates traffic routes and the measures for traffic regulation. It indicates the roads for use of certain
classes of traffic, the location of traffic control i.e. signage and markings and the directions in which
traffic should move. These are necessary for safe and efficient movement of vehicles and pedestrians.

6.1 TRAFFIC CALMING

A Traffic Management plan indicating traffic circulation, traffic calming and traffic control is indicated in
Figure 6-2. Traffic calming is intended to slow and control motor-vehicle traffic in order to improve safety
for pedestrians and bicyclists. Traffic calming measures are of various types like speed tables, curb
extension, chicane etc. These are mitigation measures to ensure safety.

Following are the proposed specific improvements for each street.

6.2 TRAFFIC CONTROL MEASURES

The internal roads are undivided to maintain flexibility of traffic lanes. Minimum 6m wide roadway width
has been provided for the movement of vehicles. Recommended design speed on the internal road is
15kmph and on the turns, is 10kmph. Speed tables will be provided near the entrance/exit point to
control traffic and regulate speed of vehicles. An illustrative picture is also shown in Figure 6-1.
Additionally, the following shall be required to maintain traffic flow at required level of service.

• Road Markings and Signages: Proper road markings (edge, median, arrows, turning, Kerb) and
signages (direction, turning, speed, and pedestrian crossings) will be installed and maintained
on all roads in the vicinity of project premises.
• On-street parking will be prohibited on all external and internal streets.
• Pick and drop at designated places only.
• Preferably no U-Turn on roadway
• Traffic calming measures – speed tables, signage

Apart from internal signage – it will be requested to provide necessary signage and traffic control
measures, on neighboring roads, – such as Speed limit, Left hand curve, pedestrian crossing etc. (Refer
Table 6-1).

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Table 6-1 Traffic Control Measures

Sr. No Description Signage

1 Speed Limit

2 Silence Zone

3 Pedestrian Crossing

4 Left Hand Curve

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Figure 6-1 Illustration of a Speed Hump

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Figure 6-2 Traffic Management Plan

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7 CONCLUSIONS & RECOMM ENDATIONS

The traffic impact analysis was conducted and the results were discussed in earlier section. The
conclusions and recommendations are summarized below:

1) The project traffic has been forecasted for year 2020 and 2030; this has been superimposed
along with existing projected traffic to arrive at future traffic for year 2020 and 2030.

2) The forecast traffic on the 5km road network will operate at acceptable level of service in
future.

3) Swept Path analysis yielded that road geometry was adequate for vehicle turning
maneuvers.

4) A Traffic Management Plan in terms of traffic calming measures and traffic control
measures has been devised and proposed to maintain adequate level of service and safety
of vehicles and pedestrian.

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