International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics

Volume 120 No. 6 2018, 3997-4006

ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version)
url: http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/
Special Issue
http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/

PARAMETRIC DESIGN AND FINITE

ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF TURBINE
BLADE
Konduru Sivaprasad Raju1 , S.Naveen kumar2 ,
S.Bhakiyaraja3 , Dr.D. Vijayaganapathy4
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Saveetha School of Engineering,
Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences,
Chennai, India.

June 4, 2018

Abstract
Gas turbine has become main functional part of many
applications. Blades are considered as the heart of turbine
and all other member exist for the sake of the blades. The
turbine blade gets effected because the gas coming out from
combustion chamber at a high temperature and high ve-
locity. So the point of this undertaking is to examine a
gas turbine blade with distinctive kind of alloys for high
strength against high temperature effect and different has-
sles effect. In this task three distinctive and respectable
Stainless steel based, high temperature withstanding alloys
designed in this field. Withstanding of gas turbine blades for
the prolongations is a noteworthy thought in their configu-
ration of the way that they are subjected to high tangential
loads during their working conditions. A few systems have
been proposed for the better improvement of the mechanical
properties of blades to withstand these extreme conditions.
This project explains designing and analysis of Gas turbine
blade, Catia V5 R18 software is used to design the blade
with the help of 2D and 3D commands and the analysis of

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blade is done in ANSYS 14.5 software by meshing the blade

and applying the boundary conditions. This project uses
Ansys software to analyse the complex turbine blade geome-
tries and apply boundary conditions to examine structural
performance of the blade for Stainless steel.

1 INTRODUCTION
The generally gas turbines are the one of the importance of higher
gas temperatures and the means of achieving this is discussed. Gas
turbine elements are mechanically and thermally loaded. The mod-
ern gas turbine as high temperature levels which are more than the
melting point of the turbine elements gas turbine elements can be
protected from thermal over loading by two common ways namely
internal and external cooling. The internal cooling systems consist
of ribbed U-tube which is located inside of a blade. External cool-
ing is done by attaching coolant to injection. Probably a wind mill
was the first turbine to deliver valuable work, wherein there is no
pre-compression and no combustion. The trademark elements of a
gas turbine as we think about the name incorporate today a pres-
sure procedure and a warmth expansion process. The gas turbine
speaks to maybe the most attractive method for delivering huge
amounts of force in an independent and conservative unit. The
gas turbine may have a future use in conjunction with the oil en-
gine. The different method for creating either push or power, the
gas turbine engine is a standout amongst the most acceptable. Its
fundamental favourable circumstances are: exceptional reliability,
high thrust-to-weight ratio, and relative freedom of vibration. The
work from a gas-turbine engine may be given either as torque in a
pole or as push in a plane. A gas-turbine consist of the following
main parts: an inlet, a compressor, a combustor, a turbine and an
exhaust, the efficiency of the gas turbine is not a correct choice for
the power plant it is used in aviation and marine fields because it is
self-contained light weight not requiring cooling water. Pressure of
the air is increased in the compressor, which is divided into several
stages. There are two main types of compressors, radial. The veloc-
ity of air increased by the compressors with the following diffusers
converts the dynamic pressure (velocity) to static pressure.
The compressor is connected to the turbine via a shaft running

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through the center of the engine. The working of a gas-turbine re-

lies on that the power gained from the turbine exceeds the power
absorbed by the compressor. This is ensured by the accumulation of
energy in the combustor, through igniting fuel in special purposed
burners. The design and operation of these burners are vital for a
high efficient engine if low emissions are to be achieved. The highly
active gas from the combustor is expanded through a turbine, which
drives the compressor in the front of the engine. After the turbine
the gas still contains a significant amount of energy which can be
extracted in various forms. In aircrafts the surplus energy is trans-
formed into a high velocity jet in the nozzle which is the driving
force that propels the vehicle through the air. The jet velocity and
hence thrust could be further increased, through re-heating the gas
in an afterburner. This is common in high performance aircraft,
especially for military applications. For stationary, power generat-
ing gas turbines, the extra energy is converted into shaft-power in a
power turbine. The increased environmental awareness and higher
fuel costs, there have lately been a strong strives towards enhanced
efficiencies for all automotive propulsions. For gas turbines appli-
cations, especially in aircraft, not only the septic fuel consumption
(SFC) is of importance but also the septic work output. The for-
mer is equivalent to the inverse of the efficiency while the latter is a
measure of the compactness of the power plant, ie. The gas turbine
does not require a flywheel as the torque on the shaft is nonstop
and uniform, though Flywheel is an important requirement in an
I.C. Engine. The gas turbine can be driven at a high speed 40000
rpm while this impractical with I.C. engines. The work is created
by a gas turbine for every kg of air is more as compressed to an I.C.
Engine.

2 FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS (FEA)

The fundamental idea in FEA is that the body or structure may
be separated into littler components of finite measurements called
Finite Elements. The original body or the structure is then consid-
ered as an array of these components associated at a limited number
of joints called hubs. Straightforward capacities are approximated
the removals over each limited component. Such accepted capac-

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ities are called shape capacities. This will signify the movement
within the components as far as the relocation at the hubs of the
components.
The Finite Element method is a scientific tool for resolving or-
dinary and partial differential comparison in light of the fact it is
a numerical tool, it can take care of the complex issue that can
be signified in differential mathematical statement from. The use
of FEM is limitless as respects the arrangement of down to earth
design issues.
Because of high cost of processing power of years passed by,
FEM has a history of being utilized to take care of complex and
expense critical difficulties.
The finite element method is an essential tool for those included
in engineering design; it is a now utilized routinely to care of issues
as the part of the accompanying territories:

• Structural analysis

• Thermal analysis

• Vibrations and dynamics

• Buckling analysis

• Acoustics

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3 PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS USED

4 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OBSERVED

ON TURBINE BLADE
The Behaviour of turbine blade is studied by subjecting the axial,
compressive and tangential loads on the blade at the centroid of the
blade by applying the boundary conditions. The total deformation,
stresses induced are observed and tabulated.

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Figure 1 Shear stress in turbine blade using Stainless steel

Figure 2 Equivalent elastic strain in turbine blade using Stainless

steel

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Figure 3 Von misses stress in turbine blade using Stainless steel

Figure 4 Total deformation in turbine blade using Stainless steel

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5 RESULTS

6 CONCLUSION
Extracting maximum amount of energy from the gases at high tem-
perature to improve thermal efficiency is the main aim of the gas
turbine technology. In this project, mechanical stresses on the tur-
bine blade are analyzed. The design of turbine blade is generated by
using CATIA V5 design software. Structural analysis is performed
on the turbine blade by applying load. The turbine blades and are
subjected to high mechanical stresses, elevated temperatures and
are operated in aggressive environments. The turbine blades are
made of exotic materials to survive in this environment. The ma-
terial is Stainless Steel used for manufacture of turbine blades of a
gas turbine blade. Study on the materials which is suitable for the
improvement of turbine blade. The material has been suggested for
turbine blade by analysis of the materials. Maximum elongations
are observed at the tip portion of the blade and minimum elonga-
tion at the root of the blade are observed. Maximum stresses and
strains are found at the root of the turbine blade and upper surface.
From the above results, stainless steel for the performance analysis
because of its low stresses and deformation.

References
[1] V. A. Ryzhenkov, A. I. Lebedeva, and A. F. Mednikov. Erosion
Wear of the Blades of Wet Steam Turbine Stages: Present
State of the Problem and Methods for Solving, 2011.

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[2] V. G. Gribin, V. V. Nitusov, and E. V. Mednikova. Optimizing

the Geometrical Parameters in a Group of High and Interme-
diate Pressure Stages Used in Large Steam Turbines, 2012.

[3] ISSN 0040-6015, 2012, Structure improvement and strength

finite element analysis of VHP welded rotor of 700C USC
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[4] G.D. Barinberg, A.E. Valamin, Yu.A. Sakhnin, A.Yu. Kulty-

shev. The T− 120/130− 12.8 and P T− 100/130− 12.8/1.0 Cogen-
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for Replacing Turbines of the T− 100 Family, 2011.

[5] SubramanyamPavuluri, Dr. A. Siva Kumar. Experimental in-

venstigation on design of High Pressure Steam Turbine Blade.

[6] D.Ziegler, M. Puccinelli, B. bergallo, and A. Picasso. Investi-

gation of turbine blade failure in a thermal power plant. case
studies in engineering failure analysis, 2013.

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