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    Does Emotional Abuse Cause Anxiety

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    shem nyangate
    The document discusses whether emotional abuse causes anxiety. It presents evidence from multiple studies on the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and the development of social anxiety disorder and anxiety symptoms in adults. Some studies found that people with social anxiety disorder reported more childhood emotional abuse and neglect, and that this abuse was linked to the severity of their social anxiety, general anxiety, and depression. However, other studies found that emotional abuse raises the risk of anxiety but does not necessarily cause it, acting as a nonspecific predictor. The conclusion is that while some research supports emotional abuse causing social anxiety, the question remains open and requires further longitudinal studies to determine causality.

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    Does Emotional Abuse Cause Anxiety

    Uploaded by

    shem nyangate
    40 views5 pages
    The document discusses whether emotional abuse causes anxiety. It presents evidence from multiple studies on the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and the development of social anxiety disorder and anxiety symptoms in adults. Some studies found that people with social anxiety disorder reported more childhood emotional abuse and neglect, and that this abuse was linked to the severity of their social anxiety, general anxiety, and depression. However, other studies found that emotional abuse raises the risk of anxiety but does not necessarily cause it, acting as a nonspecific predictor. The conclusion is that while some research supports emotional abuse causing social anxiety, the question remains open and requires further longitudinal studies to determine causality.

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    The document discusses whether emotional abuse causes anxiety. It presents evidence from multiple studies on the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and the development of social anxiety disorder and anxiety symptoms in adults. Some studies found that people with social anxiety disorder reported more childhood emotional abuse and neglect, and that this abuse was linked to the severity of their social anxiety, general anxiety, and depression. However, other studies found that emotional abuse raises the risk of anxiety but does not necessarily cause it, acting as a nonspecific predictor. The conclusion is that while some research supports emotional abuse causing social anxiety, the question remains open and requires further longitudinal studies to determine causality.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    40 views5 pages

    Does Emotional Abuse Cause Anxiety

    Uploaded by

    shem nyangate
    The document discusses whether emotional abuse causes anxiety. It presents evidence from multiple studies on the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and the development of social anxiety disorder and anxiety symptoms in adults. Some studies found that people with social anxiety disorder reported more childhood emotional abuse and neglect, and that this abuse was linked to the severity of their social anxiety, general anxiety, and depression. However, other studies found that emotional abuse raises the risk of anxiety but does not necessarily cause it, acting as a nonspecific predictor. The conclusion is that while some research supports emotional abuse causing social anxiety, the question remains open and requires further longitudinal studies to determine causality.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 5

    Does emotional abuse cause anxiety?

    Student Name
    Institutional Affiliation

    Introduction
    Emotional abuse is the use of non-physical actions intended to intimidate, isolate or control
    someone. This can manifest especially in relationships as, among other things, insults,
    surveillance, excessive jealousy, manipulation, humiliation, intimidation, and dismissiveness.
    Someone may be experiencing emotional abuse if their partner or a family member makes
    them feel terrified, bewildered, and unlike themselves, or if someone starts to doubt yourself
    when speaking with them.
    The aim of an emotional abuser is to damage the victim's sense of independence and self-
    worth. Domestic and family violence includes emotional abuse, which can affect anyone at
    any age, whether they are a kid, adolescent, or adult. Research and studies have linked
    emotional abuse to anxiety.
    Emotional abuse causes anxiety argument 1
    The development of social anxiety disorder (SAD) is thought to be influenced by early
    childhood trauma, according to etiological hypotheses. The relationship between various
    types of childhood trauma and adult clinical symptoms of SAD is, however, surprisingly
    poorly understood. In this study, levels of childhood trauma were compared between adults
    with generalized SAD and healthy controls (HCs), and the association between particular
    forms of childhood trauma and adult clinical symptoms of SAD was also investigated. 102
    people with widespread SAD and 30 HCs participated in the study and filled out
    questionnaires about their self-worth, social anxiety, trait anxiety, depression, and childhood
    trauma.
    People with SAD reported more emotional abuse and neglect as children than HCs did, (Kuo
    et al., 2011). Childhood emotional abuse and neglect were linked to the degree of social
    anxiety, trait anxiety, depression, and self-esteem in the SAD group, but not sexual abuse,
    physical abuse, or physical neglect.
    Limitations of this study
    Because this study was cross-sectional, causal conclusions cannot be drawn. If childhood
    emotional abuse and neglect are causal variables in the later development of SAD and other
    psychiatric consequences, further research using a longitudinal prospective design would be
    required. The validity of the results may be hampered by the current study's reliance on
    retrospective self-report, which is constrained by recall bias and social desirability effects. It
    would be ideal to include additional assessment techniques, such as organized interviews
    with the participants and their primary careers.

    Key implication points from the study


     Compared to healthy controls, people with social anxiety disorder (SAD) experience
    more emotional abuse and neglect as children (HC). There are no intergroup
    disparities in the prevalence of child physical, sexual, or sexual neglect.
     Childhood emotional abuse and neglect are linked to adult social anxiety severity,
    general anxiety, depression (just neglect), and self-esteem in those with SAD.
     Adult social anxiety severity, general anxiety, depression, and self-esteem are not
    related with childhood sexual abuse, physical abuse, or physical neglect in people
    with SAD.
    According to study results, those with SAD report emotional abuse and emotional neglect as
    childhood trauma more frequently than HCs do. Additionally, social anxiety, trait anxiety,
    depression (neglect alone), and self-esteem in those with SAD were linked to emotional
    abuse and neglect in childhood.

    Emotional abuse causes anxiety argument 2


    Previous studies have demonstrated a strong correlation between emotional abuse and neglect
    and the symptoms of social anxiety.
    Study of the link between childhood trauma, shame-proneness, self-criticism and social
    anxiety
    In one model, (Shahar et al., 2014), researchers found out that early experiences of abuse and
    neglect lead to painful shame emotions that eventually internalize into a steadfast cognitive-
    affective shame schema.
    Self-criticism is viewed as a defense mechanism meant to hide shortcomings and stop further
    feelings of humiliation. Self-criticism, however, perpetuates unfavorable self-perceptions and
    social uneasiness. A nonclinical community sample of 219 individuals from Israel (110
    females, mean age = 38.7) completed assessments of childhood trauma, shame-proneness,
    self-criticism, and social anxiety symptoms in order to give preliminary, cross-sectional
    support for this model. A sequential mediational model demonstrated that shame-proneness
    was predicted by emotional maltreatment which in turn predicted self-criticism which in turn
    predicted social anxiety symptoms.
    Limitations of this study
    Less apparent are the ways by which these linkages function, according to this study. Future
    study is also required to examine potential patient moderators like comorbidity, SAD
    subtypes, and other individual differences (e.g., coping mechanisms, personality), as this
    approach may help identify individuals for whom childhood trauma will negatively affect
    adult psychological functioning. Studies uncovering psychological mechanisms that may
    mediate the link between emotional abuse/neglect in childhood and adult psychological
    functioning could help us comprehend the fundamental mechanisms behind this association
    Implications of the study
    According to prior studies, social anxiety symptoms are predicted by emotional abuse and
    neglect histories, although the mechanisms behind these connections are unclear. The results
    of the current study reveal that shame and self-criticism play a significant role in social
    anxiety and may buffer the relationship between emotional abuse and symptoms using
    psycho-evolutionary and emotion-focused perspectives. These results also imply that
    treatments for social anxiety, particularly for patients with a history of abuse, should include
    therapy interventions that specifically target shame and self-criticism.

    Emotional abuse does not cause anxiety but raises the risk of it
    While other studies have tried to show emotional abuse as a root cause of anxiety in
    individuals, this study has a different view. It does not entirely agree with emotional abuse
    causing anxiety.
    The significant overlap between depression and anxiety has prompted researchers to look for
    both individual risk factors as well as common ones. In a sample of teenagers from a racially
    diverse population. This study, (Hamilton et al., 2013), prospectively assessed the specificity
    of three interpersonal stressors (emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and relationally focused
    peer victimization) as predictors of depressive vs anxious symptoms. By investigating
    hopelessness as a mediator of the links between these interpersonal stressors and symptoms,
    other studies were built. Participants were 225 teenagers who completed baseline (Time 1)
    and two follow-up assessments (55% African Americans, 59% female, and M age = 12.84
    years) (Times 2 and 3). At Time 1 and Time 3, depression and anxiety symptoms (social,
    physical, total) were evaluated, while intervening emotional abuse, peer victimization, and
    hopelessness were evaluated at time 2.
    Limitations of this study
    According to hierarchical linear regressions, relationally oriented peer victimization
    particularly predicted depressive symptoms, whereas emotional abuse was a nonspecific
    predictor of increases in both depressive symptoms and feelings of social, physical, and
    overall anxiety making it hard to specify the link between the two.
    Neglecting one's emotions did not indicate increased anxiety or depressed symptoms. In
    addition, hopelessness acted as a mediator between increases in depressive and social anxiety
    symptoms and emotional abuse.

    Implications of the study


    These findings imply that interpersonal stressors such as emotional abuse and relationally
    focused peer victimization are important for the emergence of internalizing symptoms in
    adolescence and that hopelessness may be one way in which emotional abuse raises the risk
    of depression and social anxiety.

    ‌Conclusion
    The question whether emotional abuse causes anxiety is one that can never be fully answered
    without studies and research. Some studies have proved that emotional abuse, especially on
    children, can indeed cause social anxiety disorder on them when they are adults. Other
    studies are however, against the idea. These studies state that emotional abuse just increases
    the risk of anxiety rather than causing it.

    According to modern conceptions of SAD, the condition arises as a result of a biological


    sensitivity and unfavorable social learning experiences (Clark & Wells, 1995; Heimberg,
    Brozovich, & Rapee, 2010; Rapee & Heimberg, 1997). According to family study findings,
    social anxiety runs in families (Bögels, Oosten, Muris, & Smulders, 2001; Lieb et al., 2000),
    and temperament studies imply a connection between an inhibited temperament as a child
    and the emergence of social anxiety in adolescence (Biederman et al., 2001; Schwartz,
    Snidman, & Kagan, 1999).

    The impact of social learning experiences has drawn a lot of empirical attention and has been
    proposed as a major environmental component influencing the development of the disease
    (Rapee & Heimberg, 1997). Prospective research has discovered a link between (parental
    coldness, rejection, and overprotection) and SAD in children (Knappe, Beesdo, Fehm, Hofler,
    et al., 2009; Knappe, Beesdo, Fehm, Lieb, & Wittchen, 2009; Lieb et al., 2000).

    References

    Kuo, J. R., Goldin, P. R., Werner, K., Heimberg, R. G., & Gross, J. J. (2011). Childhood

    trauma and current psychological functioning in adults with social anxiety

    disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 25(4), 467–473.

    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.11.011

    ‌Shahar, B., Doron, G., & Szepsenwol, O. (2014). Childhood Maltreatment, Shame-

    Proneness and Self-Criticism in Social Anxiety Disorder: A Sequential Mediational

    Model. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 22(6), 570–579.

    https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.1918

    Hamilton, J. L., Shapero, B. G., Stange, J. P., Hamlat, E. J., Abramson, L. Y., & Alloy, L. B.

    (2013). Emotional Maltreatment, Peer Victimization, and Depressive versus Anxiety

    Symptoms During Adolescence: Hopelessness as a Mediator. Journal of Clinical Child

    & Adolescent Psychology, 42(3), 332–347.

    https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2013.777916
    ‌

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