Peta
Peta
Peta
On October 24, 2022, Dr. Chandna and fellow PETA staff Dr.
Katherine Roe and Evelyn Wagaman posted PETA flyers and a
PETA leaflet in publicly accessible spaces at the NIH Main
Campus. These explained: “At the National Institutes of
Health, monkeys are kept in solitary confinement for years on
end, given irreversible brain damage, and terrorized with life-
like ‘snakes’ and ‘spiders.’” They “urge[d] NIH to end []
worthless monkey fright experiments immediately.” See
Exhibit A.
On January 28, 2023, Dr. Roe wrote to Dr. Karen Gavin-
Evans, Chief of the National Institute of Mental Health’s
Extramural Policy Branch, “to indicate PETA’s interest in
delivering oral comments” at the February 7 NAMHC meeting.
Dr. Roe enclosed a brief description of PETA and its proposed
oral presentation. See Exhibit B (explaining that PETA
intended to, among other things, “share information regarding
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specific monkeys in [a NIH] laboratory,” and “offer several
effective alternatives to [NIH] experiments.”).
On February 3, 2023, Dr. Gavin-Evans extended a written
invitation to Dr. Roe and Dr. Chandna. See Exhibit C. The
invitation assured Dr. Roe and Dr. Chandna that upon “giv[ing]
the [security] attendant your name,” “you will be directed to
the seating area” for the NAMHC meeting. Id. Finally, it
explained that, barring unforeseen “scheduling concerns,” they
would receive “up to 5 minutes to speak on the topic”
previously approved by Dr. Gavin-Evans. Id. Dr. Chandna
confirmed receipt of this invitation enthusiastically. See Exhibit
D.
Given this cordial exchange, Dr. Chandna was shocked when
she was unceremoniously—and discriminatorily—denied entry
to the NIH Main Campus on February 7. As instructed, Dr.
Chandna presented her driver’s license to a security attendant
and filled out a card indicating the purpose of her visit.
However, after a 15 minute delay—during which Dr. Chandna
observed NIH security personnel passing her driver’s license
around and conferring with each other—two security guards
approached her and informed her that she would not be
permitted to enter the campus.
Confused, Dr. Chandna told the security guards that she had
received a written invitation, which she presented to them. One
guard informed her that because of her affiliation with PETA,
and because of PETA’s prior action on campus, she would not
be permitted to enter. When Dr. Chandna asked whether all
PETA employees were banned from the campus, the guard said
“no” but informed her that after her “action” of “leaflet[ing]” a
few months ago, she had personally been banned from entering
the campus. Dr. Chandna was perplexed, and explained that
she had simply posted flyers in publicly accessible spaces,
which she did not believe to be in violation of any rules. The
guard responded that the issue “was what was on the
flyers,” not just the act of posting them. Dr. Chandna
understood this to mean that she had been banned from the
NIH campus because of the viewpoint expressed on the
flyers she posted—that is, a viewpoint critical of the
agency’s unethical treatment of animals. Shortly thereafter,
Dr. Chandna thanked the security guards and left the building.
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As this description makes apparent, Dr. Chandna’s exclusion from
the NIH Main Campus violated the First Amendment. When, as
here, a government entity opens a forum for “certain groups” to
engage in expressive activity, “or for the discussion of certain
topics,” it creates a “limited public forum.” Rosenberger v. Rector &
Visitors of Univ. of Virginia, 515 U.S. 819, 829 (1995). The Supreme
Court has repeatedly held that “[a]ny access barrier” “to a limited
public forum . . . must be reasonable and viewpoint neutral.”
Christian Legal Soc. Chapter of the Univ. of California, Hastings
Coll. of the L. v. Martinez, 561 U.S. 661, 679 (2010) (collecting
numerous cases); see also Rosenberger, 515 U.S. at 829 (“The
government must abstain from regulating speech when the specific
motivating ideology or the opinion or perspective of the speaker is
the rationale for the restriction.”). By banning Dr. Chandna from its
campus because of her viewpoint and her affiliation with an
organization that advocates for the ethical treatment of animals, NIH
blatantly flouted these bedrock constitutional principles.
Sincerely,
Jeffrey Stein
Litigation Counsel
PETA Foundation
JeffreyS@PETAF.org