ECE20L - 2 - Expt4

ELECTRONICS LABORATORY
DC POWER SUPPLY CIRCUITS
DC Power Supply Circuits
Course – Section : ECE20L-2 / E06_
Name : DE LEMOS, NICHOLAS LOUIS N.
Student Number : 2014105957
Date : 27 – 06 – 2022
Remarks :
Course Instructor : LEONARDO VALIENTE

Introduction:
The purpose of this activity is to demonstrate the operation of a half-wave rectifier, a full wave
bridge rectifier, a capacitor filter, and the use of the Zener diode as a voltage regulator.
Let us use the LTSPICE to run simulations and determine the characteristics of dc power supply
circuits. Here is a link about ‘Getting Started with LTSPICE’:
https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/getting-started-with-ltspice/all
Part 1: Rectifier
1.1 Connect the circuit of Half-Wave Rectifier in Figure 1.1 using the LTSPICE tool.
Figure 1.1. Half-Wave Rectifier for LTSPICE Simulation.
1.2 Run the simulation. Plot the waveform of input voltage V1 and the output voltage across resistor R1.
Take a photo of simulation waveforms and place it in Figure 1.2.
Figure 1.2. Input and Output Waveforms of Half-Wave Rectifier.

1.3 Reverse the direction of diode D1. Run the simulation again. Plot the waveform of input voltage V1
and the output voltage across resistor R1. Take a photo of simulation waveforms and place it in Figure
1.3.
Figure 1.3. Input and Output Waveforms of Half-Wave Rectifier with Diode in Reverse Direction.
Write your observations for the simulation

The voltage input in the circuit is from positive half-wave to negative half wave. When the diode is
connected in forward direction the voltage output is positive, lower than the input voltage. As the input voltage proceeds
to negative half-wave input, the voltage out is zero.
1.4 Connect the circuit of Full-Wave Rectifier in Figure 1.4 in LTSPICE tool.
Figure 1.4. Bridge-type Full-Wave Rectifier for LTSPICE Simulation.

1.5 Run the simulation. Plot the waveform of input voltage Vsec and the output voltage across resistor
R1. Take a photo of simulation waveforms and place it in Figure 1.5.
Figure 1.5. Input and Output Waveforms of Full-Wave Rectifier.

The input voltage is from positive half-wave input to negative half-wave input. The voltage output in full-wave rectifier,
compared to a voltage output in a half-wave rectifier, it is generated both from positive and negative voltage inputs. The
output voltage is either positive or negative half-wave input is a positive value.
Part 2: Filter
2.1 Connect the circuit diagram of Rectifier Circuit with Filter Capacitor using the LTSPICE tool, by placing
a 10 micro-Farad capacitor in parallel with the resistor R1 in Figure 1.4. Take a photo of your schematic
diagram and place it in Figure 2.1.
Figure 2.1. Schematic Diagram of Full-Wave Rectifier with Filter Capacitor.

2.5 Run the simulation. Plot the waveform of input voltage Vsec and the output voltage across resistor
R1. Take a photo of simulation waveforms and place it in Figure 1.5.
Figure 2.2. Input and Output Waveforms of Full-Wave Rectifier with 10-uF Filter Capacitor.

At the start of the positive voltage input, the output voltage is generated up to its peak value. Since the circuit is originally
a FW rectifier, the voltage output should decrease until it reaches zero, as the voltage input decreases as well to zero with
respect to time however, the given circuit did not decrease to zero after it reaches the peak value.
2.3 Change the value of filter capacitor to 1 micro-Farad. Run the simulation. Plot the waveforms of input
voltage Vsec and the output voltage across resistor R1. Take a photo of simulation waveforms and
place it in Figure 2.3.
2.4 Again, change the value of filter capacitor to 100 micro-Farad. Run again the simulation. Plot the
waveforms of input voltage Vsec and the output voltage across resistor R1. Take a photo of simulation
waveforms and place it in Figure 2.4.
2.5 Write your observation on the effect of filter capacitance (using 1-uF in Figure 2.3, using 10-uF in
Figure 2.2, and using 100-uF in Figure 2.4) on the output voltage.
The filter capacitance reduces the amplitude of the output voltage. It stabilizes the output voltage to retain the peak value
As the peak value is the maximum voltage generated. The higher the capacitance the better the filter since it generated an
Output at almost at a constant value, which is favorable in converting AC to DC currents.
Part 3: Voltage Regulator
3.1 Connect in LTSPICE the circuit diagram of Unregulated Power Supply in Figure 3.1. Double click on the
value of the load resistor R1 and change it to {R}. Use curly brackets. The SPICE interprets the text
inside the curly brackets as a numerical expression.
Fig. 3.1. Unregulated Power Supply Circuit for LTSPICE Simulation.

3.2 Add the PARAM part to the circuit. From the Edit menu choose Spice Directive. Type “.step param R
10 1k 250”. This will provide a value of 10 Ohms to 1kOhms for R1 with 250 Ohm interval. Run the
transient simulation. Plot the waveforms of input voltage Vsec and of output voltage across resistor
R1. Take a snapshot of the waveforms and place it in Figure 3.2.
Figure 3.2. Input and Output Waveforms of Unregulated Power Supply.
3.3 Connect in LTSPICE the circuit diagram of Regulated Power Supply in Figure 3.3. (The student or group
may use different types of rectifier diodes and Zener diode, in case the diode models are not
available.)
Fig. 3.3. Regulated Power Supply Circuit for LTSPICE Simulation.
3.4 Run the transient simulation. Plot the waveforms of input voltage Vsec and of output voltage across
resistor R3. Take a snapshot of the waveforms and place it in Figure 3.4.
Figure 3.4. Input and Output Waveforms of Regulated Power Supply.
Briefly compare the output voltages of unregulated and regulated dc power supply circuits.
In an unregulated power supply, the voltages are fluctuating, and it is unstable. can be compared into the output voltage of
a FW rectifier with 1uF filter capacitor wherein the output voltages still increase and decrease depending on the input
voltage value. The output voltages changes as the input voltage changes. In regulated power supply, the output voltages are
almost constant which can be compared the same with the FW rectifier with 100uF filter capacitor. The output voltages are
not dependent on the input voltages wherein the circuit purposely wanted to generate a fixed valueor constant value from a
pulsating input.
***

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ELECTRONICS LABORATORY

DC POWER SUPPLY CIRCUITS

DC Power Supply Circuits

Course – Section : ECE20L-2 / E06_

Name : DE LEMOS, NICHOLAS LOUIS N.

Student Number : 2014105957

Course Instructor : LEONARDO VALIENTE

Figure 1.1. Half-Wave Rectifier for LTSPICE Simulation.

Figure 1.2. Input and Output Waveforms of Half-Wave Rectifier.

Write your observations for the simulation

Figure 1.4. Bridge-type Full-Wave Rectifier for LTSPICE Simulation.

Figure 1.5. Input and Output Waveforms of Full-Wave Rectifier.

Write your observations for the simulation

Figure 2.1. Schematic Diagram of Full-Wave Rectifier with Filter Capacitor.

Write your observations for the simulation

Part 3: Voltage Regulator

Fig. 3.1. Unregulated Power Supply Circuit for LTSPICE Simulation.

Figure 3.2. Input and Output Waveforms of Unregulated Power Supply.

Fig. 3.3. Regulated Power Supply Circuit for LTSPICE Simulation.

Figure 3.4. Input and Output Waveforms of Regulated Power Supply.

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