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    Week 5 - Motion Speed Velocity Acceleration SUMMARY NOTES

    Uploaded by

    Royson Henderson
    This document provides information about distance-time graphs and velocity-time graphs. It defines key terms like distance, speed, velocity, and acceleration. It explains that a distance-time graph can show if an object is stopped, moving at a steady speed, or changing speed based on whether the line is horizontal, sloping, or curved. A velocity-time graph can show if an object is accelerating, moving at a steady speed, or decelerating based on whether the line has a positive, horizontal, or negative slope. The document also includes example distance-time and velocity-time graphs and 19 practice problems calculating speed, acceleration, distance, and other kinematic quantities from graphs and scenarios.

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    Week 5 - Motion Speed Velocity Acceleration SUMMARY NOTES

    Uploaded by

    Royson Henderson
    81 views12 pages
    This document provides information about distance-time graphs and velocity-time graphs. It defines key terms like distance, speed, velocity, and acceleration. It explains that a distance-time graph can show if an object is stopped, moving at a steady speed, or changing speed based on whether the line is horizontal, sloping, or curved. A velocity-time graph can show if an object is accelerating, moving at a steady speed, or decelerating based on whether the line has a positive, horizontal, or negative slope. The document also includes example distance-time and velocity-time graphs and 19 practice problems calculating speed, acceleration, distance, and other kinematic quantities from graphs and scenarios.

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    This document provides information about distance-time graphs and velocity-time graphs. It defines key terms like distance, speed, velocity, and acceleration. It explains that a distance-time graph can show if an object is stopped, moving at a steady speed, or changing speed based on whether the line is horizontal, sloping, or curved. A velocity-time graph can show if an object is accelerating, moving at a steady speed, or decelerating based on whether the line has a positive, horizontal, or negative slope. The document also includes example distance-time and velocity-time graphs and 19 practice problems calculating speed, acceleration, distance, and other kinematic quantities from graphs and scenarios.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    81 views12 pages

    Week 5 - Motion Speed Velocity Acceleration SUMMARY NOTES

    Uploaded by

    Royson Henderson
    This document provides information about distance-time graphs and velocity-time graphs. It defines key terms like distance, speed, velocity, and acceleration. It explains that a distance-time graph can show if an object is stopped, moving at a steady speed, or changing speed based on whether the line is horizontal, sloping, or curved. A velocity-time graph can show if an object is accelerating, moving at a steady speed, or decelerating based on whether the line has a positive, horizontal, or negative slope. The document also includes example distance-time and velocity-time graphs and 19 practice problems calculating speed, acceleration, distance, and other kinematic quantities from graphs and scenarios.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    References

    https://sciencestruck.com/difference-between-distance-displacemen
    Topic: Dynamics: motion in a straight line

    Sub-topic: Distance time graph/ velocity time graph

    Objective: Given information and with the aid of formulae, students will:

    1. Describe the term distance time graph.


    2. Explain velocity time graph
    3. Calculate gradient for straight lines.

    Content:

    Distance time graph :

     a horizontal line means the object is stopped


     a straight line sloping upwards means it has a steady speed.
     The steepness, or gradient, of the line shows the speed:
    o a steeper gradient means a higher speed 
    o a curved line means the speed is changing.
     If the direction of travel is being considered:
    o A negative distance is in the opposite direction to a positive distance.
    o A straight line sloping downwards means it has a steady speed, and a
    steady velocity in the negative direction
    Example: Between 30 s and 50 s the cyclist stopped. The graph has a
    steeper gradient between 50 s and 70 s than between 0 s and 20 s –
    the cyclist was travelling at a greater speed. To calculate a speed
    from a graph, work out the gradient of the straight line section as
    shown below in fig, 9.1.
    Velocity time graph
    A change of velocity is called acceleration. Speeding up, slowing down and
    changing direction are all examples of acceleration. Fig. 9.2 shows how to
    interpret a velocity–time graph.
     A positive slope (gradient) means that the speed is increasing – the object is
    accelerating.
     A horizontal line means that the object is travelling at a steady speed.
     A negative slope (gradient) means the speed is decreasing – negative
    acceleration.
     A curved slope means that the acceleration is changing – the object has
    non-uniform acceleration.
    Topic & Sub-topic: Dynamics: motion in a straight line/Distance time graph/
    velocity time graph & Speed, velocity and acceleration

    Answer all questions.

    1. A roller coaster car rapidly picks up speed as it rolls down a slope. As it starts
    down the slope, its speed is 4 m/s. But 3 seconds later, at the bottom of the
    slope, its speed is 22 m/s. What is its average acceleration?
    2. A cyclist accelerates from 0 m/s to 8 m/s in 3 seconds. What is his
    acceleration? Is this acceleration higher than that of a car which
    accelerates from 0 to 30 m/s in 8 seconds?
    3. A car advertisement states that a certain car can accelerate from rest to 70
    km/h in 7 seconds. Find the car’s average acceleration.
    4. A lizard accelerates from 2 m/s to 10 m/s in 4 seconds. What is the lizard’s
    average acceleration?
    5. If a Ferrari, with an initial velocity of 10 m/s, accelerates at a rate of 50 m/s2
    for 3 seconds, what will its final velocity be?
    6. A girl cycles for 3hrs at a speed of 40 km/h. What distance did she travel?
    7. A train travels at a speed of 30mph and travel a distance of 240 miles. How
    long did it take the train to complete its journey?
    8. A car travels a distance of 540km in 6 hours. What speed did it travel at?
    9. John is a runner. He runs the 100m sprint in 10x6s. What speed did he travel
    at? (in m/s)
    10. A cyclist travels 20km in 4hrs. What speed did the cyclist cycle at?
    11. The distance between two cities is 144km, it takes me 3hours to travel
    between these cities. What speed did I travel at?
    12. A coach travels from the station to the beach, a distance of 576km away in
    6hrs. The coach is only allowed to travel at a maximum speed of 90km/h. Did
    the coach break the speed limit?
    13. At the equator, the earth spins a distance of 25,992miles every day. What
    speed does the Earth spin at in mph?
    14. Lauren walks 100m in half a minute. What must her speed have been to
    travel this distance?
    15. A mouse runs a distance of 2metres in 15 seconds. What is its speed?
    16. Jim travelled at a speed of 18km/h for 2 hours. What was the distance
    covered?
    17. Marc was told his dinner would be ready at 18:00. He left his house at 12:00
    and travelled in his car at an average speed of 45mph to his mum’s house
    300 miles away. Did Marc make it home in time for dinner?
    18. A whale swims at a constant speed of 8m/s for 17s. What distance did it
    travel?
    19. The velocity vs. time graph of a truck is plotted below. Calculate the distance
    and displacement of the truck after 15 seconds.

    All we need to remember here is that we can use the area between the
    velocity vs. time graph and the time axis to determine the distance and
    displacement.

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