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CBSE Physics Grade 12
Isobars and their properties
Answer
(a) Deduce the expression,
N = N0 e−λt for the law of
radioactive decay.
(b)
(i) Write symbolically the process
expressing the β+decay of 22

11 Na.
Also write the basic nuclear process
underlying this decay.
(ii) Is the nucleus formed in the decay
of the nucleus22
11 Na, an isotope or
isobar?
Answer Veri!ed
216.9k+ views
Hint: In a radioactive decay when a material
undergoes either α or β orγ decay the number
of nuclei undergoing the decay per unit time is

directly proportional to the total number of
nuclei in the given sample materials.
Complete step by step answer:
(a)Let
The total number of atoms present originally in
a sample at the time t=0 be No
The total number of atoms left un-decayed in
the sample at time t beN
The small number of atom that disintegrate in
a small interval of time dt be dN
Now according to radioactive decay we know

the rate of decay is proportional to amount of
nuclei written as
dN
− ∝N
dt
dN
⇒− = λN − −(i)
dt
Where λis the disintegration constant
Now integrate equation (i)
dN
∫
= −λ ∫ dt
N
⇒ log N = −λt + C − −(ii)
Where C is the integration constant total

number of atoms present originally in a sample
is No
Now since at timet = 0 total number of atoms
present originally in a sample is No
So can write equation (ii) as
loge N0 = −λ × 0 + C
⇒ C = loge N0
Hence by substituting the value of C in

equation (ii) we get
loge N − loge N0 = −λt

N
⇒ loge = −λt
N0
Hence by taking inverse integration we get
N
= e−λt
N0
⇒ N = N0 e−λt
Hence, the radioactive decay N = N0 e−λt

(b)
(i) Now we know the basic nuclear process
underlying the β+decay is p → n + e+ + v ,

so the reaction can be written as
22 N a
11 → β + + 22
10 N e + v
(ii) The nucleus formed in the decay of the
nucleus 22
11 N a is 22 N a and since nucleus
10
formed has same mass number but di"erent
atomic number then it is isobar of 22

11 N a .
Note:
It is very important to note that isotopes and

isobars are two completely di"erent chemical
terms.
Isotopes are atomic structures of the same

elements with di"erent mass numbers while
on the other hand isobars are di"erent
chemical elements having the same atomic
mass.
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Questions & Answers

(a) Deduce the expression,

N = N0 e−λt for the law of

expressing the β+decay of 22

Hint: In a radioactive decay when a material

undergoes either α or β orγ decay the number

of nuclei undergoing the decay per unit time is

Complete step by step answer:

The total number of atoms present originally in

a sample at the time t=0 be No

The total number of atoms left un-decayed in

the sample at time t beN

The small number of atom that disintegrate in

a small interval of time dt be dN

Now according to radioactive decay we know

Where λis the disintegration constant

Now integrate equation (i)

Where C is the integration constant total

Now since at timet = 0 total number of atoms

present originally in a sample is No

So can write equation (ii) as

Hence by substituting the value of C in

loge N − loge N0 = −λt

Hence, the radioactive decay N = N0 e−λt

(i) Now we know the basic nuclear process

underlying the β+decay is p → n + e+ + v ,

(ii) The nucleus formed in the decay of the

formed has same mass number but di"erent

atomic number then it is isobar of 22

It is very important to note that isotopes and

Isotopes are atomic structures of the same

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Physics Chemistry Maths

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Salamin bioinsecticides have been

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