Agribot

AGRIBOT
Pranav Nair, Shreyash Patil
Department of Mechanical Engineering

Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune, India, Pin: 411037
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Abstract-This essay's goal is to explain the possibilities for future applications while presenting the current
state of agricultural and autonomous system trends and implementation. All different types of agricultural robots
have been researched and produced as one of the trends of progress on automation and intelligence of
agricultural machinery in the 21st century to implement a number of agricultural production in various
countries. This bot is capable of carrying out simple, fundamental tasks like picking, harvesting, and planting. A
device with the following characteristic is created with the aforementioned philosophy in mind: One of the
earliest steps in farming is ploughing. The next step is to sow the seeds, which must be mechanically timed to be
sown in the ground at regular intervals..
Keywords — Agribot, Seed sowing
__________________________________________________________________________________________
I. INTRODUCTION
Agriculture plays a very important role in India’s economy. The need for the automation in the field of
agricultural sectors mainly due to the increased need of agricultural products due to increased population and
shortage of labour in the agricultural sector. The idea of applying robotics technology in the field of agriculture
is effective. In agriculture, the opportunity for robot-enhanced productivity is more and the robots are appearing
on farms in various guises and in increasing numbers. Agribot is a robot designed for agricultural purposes. It is
designed to minimize the labour of farmers in addition to increasing the speed and accuracy of the work. It
performs the elementary functions involved in farming i.e. harvesting, spraying, seeding and removing the
weeds.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
[1] Automated seed sowing agribot using Arduino

(By: Saurabh Umarkar, Anil Karwankar,
IEEE Xplore: 24 November 2016)
--The paper spells out the complete installation of the agribot including hardware and software facet.
Innovative idea of this paper is doing the processes of digging and seed sowing of crops and covering the land
automatically. The Agribot developed in this paper performs digging, seed sowing and covering seeds
simultaneously and powered by solar panel with a control of Android Application. Also, every movement is
monitored on web server as well as on Android Application from anywhere.
[2] Precision agriculture robot for seeding function

(By: Neha S. Naik , Virendra. V. Shete , Shruti. R. Danve,
IEEE 2016 International Conference)
--In this research paper importance of robotics in agricultural sector is discussed . The main reason behind
automation of farming processes are saving the time and energy required for performing repetitive farming tasks
and increasing the productivity of yield by treating every crop individually using precision farming concept is
discussed.
[3] Robots in agriculture: prospects

(By:Robert Sparrow, Mark Howard,
IEEE 2020 International Conference)
--This paper surveys the prospects for agricultural robotics, discusses its likely impacts, and examines the ethical
and policy questions it may raise. Along with the environmental and economic impacts of robots.
[4] Research and development in agricultural robotics: A perspective of digital farming

(By:Redmond Ramin Shamshir, Cornelia Weltzien, Ibrahim A. Hameed, Ian J. Yule )
Increasingly stringent regulations and widely expressed public concerns for the environment highlight the
importance of making environmentally oriented decisions in product design.
[5] Advanced Agriculture Feild Monitoring System

(By: Utpal Pati, Dr. S. Usha,Nida, Javeriya Banu)
--Through their project, they have automated the task of monitoring the crops using an esp32 microcontroller
and had developed a web application through which different parameters like temperature, humidity, and
pressure can be monitored remotely.
[6] Microgreens: Assessment of Nutrient Concentrations

(By:Zhenlei Xiao, Gene E. Lester, Yaguang Luo and Qin Wang)
--Although microgreens have been claimed as nutritionally beneficial, to the best of our knowledge, no scientific
data are available on the exact phytochemical content of microgreens.
III. METHODOLOGY
COMPONENTS USED
1) Esp32
--ESP32 is a series of low-cost, low-power system on a chip microcontrollers with integrated Wi-Fi and dual-
mode Bluetooth.
2) DC Motor
--A DC motor is any of a class of rotary electrical motors that converts direct current electrical energy into
mechanical energy.
3) Servo Motor
--A servomotor (or servo motor) is a rotary actuator or linear actuator that allows for precise control of angular
or linear position, velocity and acceleration.
4) L298N Dual-H-Bridge Motor driver

--Independently control two motors in both directions.
5) Power Adapter
--For Power supply
6) Connecting Wire
(12V 2A capable, 1.84mm^2 wire)
7) Aluminium Links
--For Support
8) Aluminium rod
-- sliding purpose
9) Linear bearings
-- For sliding, Linear bearings are a type of bearing that "bear" or support the load of the carriage during its
single-axis linear movement and provide a low friction sliding surface for the guide rails.
10) Motor clamps

-- A DC motor clamp or a bracket is used to mount the motor tightly on any solid surface.
11) Belt and Pulley

-- The primary function of a belt is to transfer power (rotary energy) from one source to another.
A pulley is a wheel with a groove around its circumference.
MATERIAL USED
Aluminium (As links and rod)

--Aluminium is the most abundant resource, providing a cost-efficient product. Aluminium is also an excellent
non-magnetic, non-sparking conductor, which makes it suitable for robotic construction.
METHODOLOGY (FOR STRUCTURE)
1. Designing the structure

2. Deciding material
3. Stress and strain analysis of the structure
4. Identification of electronic components
5. Deciding microcontroller
6. Implementing electronics with mechanical components
7. Testing assembly and other electronic components
METHODOLOGY (FOR MICROGREENS)
Step 1: Making bottom surface wet for cultivating soil.

Step 2: Sowing Seeds in the section made according to the vegetables to be grown.
Step 3: Watering the seeds.
Step 4: Storing the seeds in a dark environment.
Step 5: Moisture control.
Step 6: Nurturing till it's mature enough to harvest.
IV.DESIGN
Fig 1: Design of Agribot (Software used Solidworks)
V. ANALYSIS
Fig 4: Total deformation of centre rod
Fig 5 : Shear stress on centre rod
Fig 6 : Equivalent stress on centre rod.

Fig 7 : Normal stress on centre rod
Fig 8 : Total deformation of side rod
Fig 9: Equivalent stress on side rod.

Fig 10: Normal stress on side rod
Fig 11: Shear stress on side rod
V. LIMITATIONS
Robots are expensive to build or purchase, and they require upkeep in order to function.
• The farmers might lose their employment.

• The culture can be altered by robots.
• The upkeep and cost of energy.
• The expensive nature of research and development
• The difficulty in reaching poor farmers. Knowledge may be limited. Industrial robots require complex
operation, upkeep, and programming.
VI. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
So here we have proposed system named Agribot, Here, robot modules performed some precision farming
function like: seeding, Digging, and sprinkle water, etc. We attached some sensors on it to get information. On
The basis of collected data of the surrounding environment by sensors. The seed is sown into the soil. A pump,
one for water and one for pesticide for sprinkle is installed in module.
VII. FUTURE SCOPE
Machine learning-based artificial intelligence technologies, in particular, are anticipated to play a significant
role in the majority of the aforementioned technology fields and can be key enablers foragricultural robots.
Agricultural environments can change during the course of a robotic system's lifetime.Robots will also need to
use human knowledge, particularly in scenarios that weren't anticipated during design. End users, maintainers,
or subject matter experts may contribute this additional information.
VIII. Conclusion
Today we find most robots working for people in industries, factories, warehouses, and laboratories. Robots are
useful in many ways. Through this Project we have achieved a two axis robot which can cultivate and dispense
seeds for household purpose. Using Microgreens achieved high yield per unit area limiting the water
requirement. Cost effective, Compact and automated nourishing of the plant also has been achieved through this
robot.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
This paper and the research behind it would not have been possible without the exceptional support of our
supervisor, Prof. Mahesh Walame.We are also grateful for the insightful comments offered by the anonymous
peer reviewers. The generosity and expertise of one and all have improved this study in innumerable ways and
saved us from many errors.
REFERENCES
[1] Chetan Patil , Vishal Deshmukh , Shailesh Deshmukh,Design Of Multipurpose Agrosystem .
[2] Sampoornam K. P.*, Dinesh. T, Poornimasre. J, Agriculture Robot For Harvesting Plants(rhizones).
[3] Rubens a.tabile1, eduardo p. Godoy2 ,Design And Development Of Agribot..
[4] Martin Peter Christiansen , Modelling Of Agriculture Robotic System.
[5] Dipika Dalal, Ruchita Mainani, Rohan Thakker and Hiteshkumar Solanki, A Study of Selected Microgreens
in Soil.
[6] Nivedha V1, Lakshmy Priya S2,International Journal of Food Science .
[7] Shantanu R, Chavan S, Ojha S,View of Microgreens a Multimineral Superfood.
[8] Neha S. Naik, Virendra. V. Shete, Shruti. R. Danve.Precision agriculture robot for seeding function.
[9] Robert Sparrow, Mark Howard,Robots in agriculture: prospects.
[10] T. Kurfess ,A systematic methodology of material selection with environmentalConsiderations.
[11] Redmond Ramin Shamshir, Cornelia Weltzien, Ibrahim A. Hameed, Ian J. YuleResearch and development
in agricultural robotics: A perspective of digital farming

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AGRIBOT

Pranav Nair, Shreyash Patil

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Keywords — Agribot, Seed sowing

II. LITERATURE REVIEW

[1] Automated seed sowing agribot using Arduino

[2] Precision agriculture robot for seeding function

[3] Robots in agriculture: prospects

[4] Research and development in agricultural robotics: A perspective of digital farming

[5] Advanced Agriculture Feild Monitoring System

[6] Microgreens: Assessment of Nutrient Concentrations

4) L298N Dual-H-Bridge Motor driver

10) Motor clamps

11) Belt and Pulley

Aluminium (As links and rod)

METHODOLOGY (FOR STRUCTURE)

1. Designing the structure

METHODOLOGY (FOR MICROGREENS)

Step 1: Making bottom surface wet for cultivating soil.

Fig 2: Design of Agribot (Software used Solidworks)

Fig 3: Design of Agribot (Software used Solidworks)

Fig 5 : Shear stress on centre rod

Fig 6 : Equivalent stress on centre rod.

Fig 8 : Total deformation of side rod

Fig 9: Equivalent stress on side rod.

Fig 11: Shear stress on side rod

• The farmers might lose their employment.

VI. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

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