Content Beyond Syllabus
Content Beyond Syllabus
Content Beyond Syllabus
Beyond Syllabus: Outcome Based Education in Teacher Education
A Paper to be presented at
The International conference on the Future of Teacher Education
Jointly organized by the Shikshan Prasarak Mandali’s Tilak College of Education, Pune And Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, In
collaboration with the Council for Teacher Education (CTRE), Maharashtra, India, 411030
th th
12 & 13 February, 2016
Dr. Urmila Paralikar Dr. Ajit R. Thete
(Astt. Professor) Director
Govt. College of Education (I.A.S.E.) Center for Development of Leadership in Education
)
Aurangabad, (M.S.) (India Aurangabad, (M.S.) (India )
1. Introduction
Teaching learning process of current epoch needs to come out of the orthodoxy view and meet the
complex and diversified needs of the adolescents today. When it comes to teacher education, teaching
based on curriculum priority for the convenience and convention of teachers has become the biggest
impediment in knowledge and skill set requirement of the apprentice. To improve the quality and
standard of learning it is essential to add new dimensions to the curriculum based teaching learning
process by incorporating beyond curriculum contents. Content delivery beyond curriculum has gained its
own significance in outcome based education.
Outcome Based Education (OBE) is founded on the basic premise that is all students should learn and
succeed, success breeds success and educational institutes control the conditions of success. National
Assessment and Accreditation Council in India is gearing up outcome based education in India.
The present education curriculum needs to shift to Outcome Based Education (OBE) and its
implementation. The present teacher education curriculum system based on ‘Minimal model’ i.e. input
based model. The institutes offering teacher education programs need to initiate the process of reframing
their education processes (Curriculum) in to the new frame work of Outcome Based Education. The
emphasis of OBE is on facets like Mission, Vision (Institute/department), Program Educational
Objectives (PEO), Program Outcomes (PO), Course Outcomes, graduate Attributes and program specific
criteria. These philosophies of OBE are vital in the design of the curriculum structure of a teacher
education.
The process of shifting to OBE environment has already began at many institutes of technical education.
The most challenging task with institute is in edging the curriculum into the framework of OBE. In order
to fulfill the requirement of attainment of PEOs and POs, the aspects of curriculum such as curricular,
cocurricular, Extracurricular and BEYOND THE CURRICULUM is required to be designed
scientifically and systematically.
Page 1
of 5
The present paper focuses on “Design of Curriculum ” based on OBE and provides the examples of it in
the attainment of PEOs and POs for Undergraduate Teacher Education Program. There are many
constraints in the curriculum design & development, the paper discusses the innovative ways and variety
of modes adopted to overcome the constraints in the attainment of the PEOs and POs.
2. Program Educational Objectives and Program Outcomes
Suppose, the teacher education program are offered with the mission (an example)…
“To educate and train students for successful employment in educational institutes and organization,
undertake selfemployment activities in the field of education technology and undergo higher education.
To provide the students with quality education in both theoretical and applied foundation of teaching
“disciplinebased subject” for fostering the professional and personal growth along with leadership
qualities through practice based experiences and strong partnership with institutes, government agencies,
professional societies and local communities. Build state of art research environment and integrate
research results and innovations in teacher education.”
A set of PEOs and POs were established as discussed below coherent to the Department’s mission.
2.1 Establishment of Program Educational Objectives
The program educational objectives are developed through direct engagement of the faculty, feedback
form from the schools, inputs from and education advisory experts. The program objectives are
designed to meet needs of the constituent who heir our students and is consistent in with the mission
of the teacher education department in the manner that will benefit the students. The process adopted
is to continuously gain input and periodically revise the PEOs. Data is collected both through formal
and informal ways.
2.1.1 PEOs of Department of Teacher Education
The students of teacher education shall have following career and professional achievement after
graduation:
I. Enhance their prospects for career in fields such as content development and educational
technology, and academic and vocational teaching positions; and provide access to higher
degrees by research programs.
II. Induce selfdirected, experiential and lifelong learning for contemporary education.
III. Develop critical thinking, communication, teamwork, and leadership skills necessary to
function productively and professionally.
IV. Develop sufficient awareness of the societal impact of education and of the ethical issues in
educational/ training institutes to make decisions regarding their personal and professional
responsibilities.
2.2 Establishment of Program outcomes
Page 2
of 5
The following process would be adopted for the establishment of program outcome:
1. During the process of defining the Program education objectives, a parallel process of identifying
the program outcomes that satisfies the Program Educational objectives be carried out.
2. The similar type of professional Programme Outcomes were understood and based on that, Program
Specific outcome for teacher education UG program to be evolved.
3. Faculties of the Department contribute towards the evolution of program outcome by identifying
course outcomes for their subjects and mapping them to Program education objectives as well.
4. Curriculum review to be conducted.
5. Inputs through experts to be obtained.
6. Parent – teacher meetings also to contribute towards the process of evolving POs.
7. Employers Survey and Alumni feedback also contribute in the process of evolving POs.
2.2.1 Program outcomes: to quote a few specimen ones …
The students of UG teacher education program shall develop the
a. Ability to apply pedagogy knowledge to application area i.e schools and college.
b. Ability to apply knowledge of psychology; discipline subject and principles of education
technology appropriate to the learningteaching processes.
c. Ability to apply analysis, design, development, and testing principles in the learningteaching
processes.
d. Ability to fluently design appropriate teaching strategies/solutions.
e. Ability to function effectively as a member of a team assembled to undertake a common goal.
f. Ability/Demonstrate advance knowledge of selected areas like discipline based subject,
educational psychology, education technology.
g. Ability to acquire domain specific knowledge for and through system understanding and
curriculum development and implementation.
h. Comprehend ethical issues involving in the teaching profession.
i. Prepare lesson plans, curriculum, and contents and make effective oral presentation.
j. To work on educational projects/task.
k. To exhibit/demonstrate lifelong learning abilities.
3. Contents beyond syllabus: The Context
An OutcomeBased Curriculum design begins with defining the student learning outcomes for the
programme and the component subjects. The present exercise adopts outcome based education system.
University syllabus is applicable to all those colleges which are affiliated to it. The process of defining
program educational objectives and program outcome evolves on the basis of OBE principles. Outcome
statements would be defined using two aspects:
a. The allround development of students.
b. The achievement of professional competence.
The challenge here is to identify the course outcomes and map it to the program outcomes in order to achieve
Page 3
of 5
professional competence and allround development of students. Since It was observed that there is some gap
in between the outcomes of courses offered in the program to the defined program outcomes; This
necessitated performing gap analysis to identify the contents that would be helpful in attaining program
outcome which was otherwise not possible only through syllabus contents.
4. Procedure to identify gap analysis
a. Identifying latest technology and training trend and market requirements
b. Analyze the existing curriculum and identify the gap between the two.
c. Identify the existing process of content delivery and analyze the outcomes
d. Identify the desired outcomes
e. Identify the resource requirement to fill in the gap to achieve desired outcomes
f. Design a plan to cover the gap
5. Identification of area/content to be considered
a. Problem solving & decision making
b. Management of teachinglearning processes
c. ICT
d. Communication Skills
e. Guidance & counselling
f. Comprehensive & continuous assessment
g. General and pedagogy Aptitude
6. Suggested approaches/ Projects to be planned to address content beyond syllabus
The institutes of teacher education work with the vision of imparting topnotch education in the field of
pedagogy applications useful for bridging the gap between academic and learners’ knowledge base. The
students can be motivated for selflearning and moulded to adapt changes to cope up with the demands of
educational institutes and learners. Due to lack of autonomy there are several limitations to curriculum
design as discussed above, however the best way would be to adopt was to identify such resources which
will be useful in covering contents beyond syllabus.
Apart from routine expert lectures following three projects were undertaken:
1. Spoken tutorial
2. Two weeks workshop on different Educational aspects
7. Conclusion
Outcome based education is founded on the basic premises that is all students should learn and succeed,
success breeds success and educational institutes control the conditions of success. India is gearing up for
Outcome Based Education. The process of shifting to OBE environment has already began at institutes of
Technical Education and hence most challenging task is, edging the curriculum into the framework of
OBE. In order to fulfil the requirement of attainment of PEOs and POs, the aspects of curriculum such as
curricular, cocurricular, Extracurricular and BEYOND THE CURRICULUM are required to be
designed scientifically and systematically. The systematic process adopted in GAP ANALYSIS in
curriculum will result in identification of various learning modules. The outcomes of the model would be
eventually found worthwhile and valuable.
Page 4
of 5
FINITO
References:
1. Spoken Tutorial, http://spokentutorial.org/
2. Aakash for Education
3. http://www.appgump.com/appgump.htm
4. Mahadevan, Ramachandran , ,
Shivaprakash, N C Raju, KVL Implementing a sustainable methodology for
assessment of course outcomes and program outcomes in an Indian Engineering Institute,
Teaching,
Assessment and Learning for Engineering (TALE), 2013 IEEE International Conference pages 5154
5. William g Spady, Kit J Marshall, Beyond Traditional Outcome Based Education, Educational Leadership,
pp. 6772, Oct 1991.
Page 5
of 5