4. Which among the following is NOT an effect of a disaster?

Module 2 Disaster: Effects and A. displaced population

B. emotional aftershock
C. food scarcity
D. health risk
Different Perspectives 5. What effect of disaster refers to the shortage of sustenance among people?
A. displaced population C. food scarcity
B. emotional aftershock D. health risk
6. What do you call to an incident or natural disaster that causes the general public to
What This Module is About suffer significant damage?
A. demonstration B. disaster C. pollution D. war
Philippines is regularly experience hazards and disasters. Our country is 7. Which among the following is NOT an example of psychological effect of a disaster?
susceptible to geological and hydro meteorological hazards because of its location on a A. anxiety B. bereavement C. depression D. hunger
hazardous spot on this planet. It is situated within the western rim of the Pacific ring of Fire 8. Which perspective of a disaster that shows how the government assesses, manages,
which is the world’s hub of volcanic network and tectonic plates and the western pacific and mitigates the effects of a disaster?
typhoon belt where the worlds destructive typhoons originate. Hence, it is not surprising that A. biological B. economic C. socio-cultural D. political
Philippines is one of the most vulnerable countries in terms of disaster risks and natural 9. Which perspective of a disaster that stresses on the significance of culture in
hazards among the 173 countries in the world. These hazards are remarkable with the huge developing a disaster resilient personality among the inhabitants in a certain
destruction affected in the country’s economy, environment, livelihood and lives. In this
community?
situation, learners are the most affected, and schools are disrupted. (MindaI. Cabilao-
A. biological B. economic C. socio-cultural D. political
Valencia et., al.)
10. What do you call to the spread of disease across a country or around the world?
This module contains varied activities that can help you as a Senior High School
A. academic B. epidemic C. pandemic D. prolific
become a resilient amidst hazards and disasters. Your journey on this module will develop 11. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by coronavirus
your critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving skills.
2 (SARS-CoV-2), a serious acute respiratory syndrome. This was first detected in
The following are the lessons contained in this module. Wuhan, China in December 2019 and then spread around the globe, triggering a
1. Effects of Disaster on One’s Life (DRR11/12-Ia-b-3) continuing pandemic SITUATION. How can the Philippine win against disasters like
2. Areas /Locations Exposed to Hazards COVID19?
3. Disaster from different perspective (DRR11/12-Ia-b-6) A. Quarantine protocols must be continued.
B. People must maintain a clean environment at all time.
C. The citizens must follow health guidelines and safety measures.
What I Know D. The government must be allowed to decide for the good of the fellow people.
12. In a situation that you know you and your family are on a disaster risk area,
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of how could you reduce the impact of a disaster that may come in your life?
paper. A. Avoid the crowd. C. Get the right mindset and preparation.
1. What is Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)? B. Watch news to be informed. D. Build good relationships among neighbors.
A. Congenital condition C. Pre-existing condition 13. Why should people need to plan and be ready for the possible consequences of a
B. Neonatal condition D. Psychological condition disaster? SO that people …
A. would show their own capabilities. C. would reduce the potential effects
2. What is the collective term used for the condition of people who develop stress reaction of disasters.
that negatively affect their physical and mental behavior after suffering from a disaster? B. could set an example to others. D. could prepare ahead of time.
A. displaced population C. food scarcity
14. Which of the following is the best description of a disaster?
B. emotional aftershock D. health risk A. illogical B. irretrievable C. unchaneable D. unpredictable
3. What do you call the effect of a disaster that causes a group of people forced to leave 15. What happens when there is a supplementary politics to deal with the effects of a
their homes? disaster? There will be ----
A. displaced population C. food scarcity A. unity in diversity. C. effective measures to reduce damages.
B. emotional aftershock D. health risk B. equal allocation of help. D. effective delivery of humanitarian
assistance. 30
29
 Lesson 1 Effects on One’s Life

A natural disaster can bring about many devastating effects. Among these are
deaths, destruction of infrastructures, loss of livelihood and services, and other physical and
nonphysical effects. Since we are partly responsible for the disasters happening around us,
we must change some of our ways, in order to prevent or minimize the effects of disasters in
our lives.

What’s In
Direction: Think of 2-3 disasters that you had experienced, watched, or read in the past two
years. Then, write how you feel while experiencing, watching, or reading it.

What’s New
Direction: Below are some illustrations depicting expressions about COVID 19 pandemic.
Read them silently and try to figure out by answering the questions on the next page.

What troubling situations reminded you of the scenarios? Share the feelings and opinions
that you had related to the situations as shown in the illustrations.
(Write your thoughts and ideas in your answer sheet)
31
32
 worse. The impacts of hunger following an earthquake, typhoon or hurricane can be
What is It tremendous, causing lifelong damage to children’s development.
The lives and health of the following potentially vulnerable groups are at risk:
A disaster is a damaging event that occurs suddenly and involves loss of life and
property. It can be of two types, natural and man-made. • young children, pregnant and nursing women, unaccompanied children, widows,
Natural disasters can destroy a whole community in an instant. Examples of natural disasters elderly people without family support, disabled persons;
are volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, earthquakes, and typhoons which are destructive to people's • the poor or marginalized people;
lives. • migrants or individuals who leave or flee their habitual residence to go to new places,
Man-made disasters on the other hand are caused by human beings. Some of the usually abroad to seek better and safer living;
man-made disasters are bomb explosions, terrorism, wars, leakage of poisonous chemicals, • the displaced populations who leave their habitual residence in groups, usually due
pollutions, industrial accidents, and epidemics. They are identified as man- made disasters to a sudden impact disaster, like an earthquake, volcanic eruption or a flood, threat
because they happen due to human actions and not by natural forces. or community conflict, as a coping mechanism and with the intent to return; and
the former migrants or displaced people returning to their homes (returnees).
What is the difference between hazard and disaster?
Household and community structures, community facilities, livelihood and economic
A hazard is a dangerous situation or event that carries a threat to humans. A disaster is an
activities, and the environment are also at risk in times of disaster.
event that harms humans and disrupts the operations of society. Hazards can only be
Disaster risk depends on the choices made by individuals, households, communities
considered disasters once it affected humans. If a disaster happened in an unpopulated area,
and governments. It might be increased or decreased depending on their preparedness level,
it is still a hazard.
prevention and mitigation.
Generally speaking, when we look into the social status of certain individuals, family
The Human Effect of Natural and Man-Made Disasters responsibilities or reproductive role, women may be affected differently from men but they are
1. Displaced Populations not necessarily vulnerable. They are also resourceful and resilient in times of crisis and play a
One of the most immediate effects of natural disasters is population displacement. vital role in recovery.
When countries are ravaged by earthquakes or other powerful forces of nature, many
4. Emotional Aftershocks
people need to abandon their homes and seek shelter in other regions. A large influx of
refugees can disrupt accessibility of health care and education, as well as food supplies Natural disasters can be particularly traumatic for young children. Confronted with
and clean water. scenes of destruction and the deaths of friends and loved ones, many children develop
Population displacement is one of the most immediate effects of natural disasters. post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a serious psychological condition resulting from
When a certain country is ravaged by earthquakes and other powerful forces of nature, extreme trauma. Left untreated, children suffering from PTSD can be prone to lasting
many people have to leave/evacuate their homes and seek shelter in other place. A big psychological damage and emotional distress.
influx of refugees can disrupt everything from accessibility of health care and education to The Devastating Impact on Natural Disasters’, ChildFund, last modified May 30, 2020,
food supplies and basic hygiene. Bigger evacuation centers are common for all natural https://www.childfund.org/Content/NewsDetail/2147489272/
disasters, and only those who are fortunate enough will survive and face a range of
Challenges following disaster’s widespread. According to Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
(SAMHSA), before and after a disaster or crisis, it is common for the children, adults,
2. Health Risks
and first responders to feel emotional distress. Natural and human-caused disasters can have
Aside from the obvious immediate danger that natural disasters present, the a devastating impact on people’s lives damage to property, or the loss of a home or place of
secondary effect can be just as damaging. Severe flooding can result in stagnant water that employment. Anyone who sees or experiences this can be affected in some way. Most stress
allows breeding of waterborne bacteria and malaria-carrying mosquitoes. Without symptoms are temporary and will resolve on their own in a fairly short amount of time.
emergency relief from international aid organizations and others, death tolls can rise even However, for some people, particularly children and teens, these symptoms may last for weeks
after the immediate danger has passed.
or even months and may influence their relationships with families and friends. Common
3. Food Scarcity warning signs of emotional distress include:
The aftermath of natural disasters affects the food supplies. Thousands of people For adults
around the world are hungry because of destroyed crops and loss of agricultural supplies, - Eating or sleeping too much or too little - Crying spells or bursts of anger
whether it happens suddenly in a storm or gradually in a drought. As a result, food prices - Feeling guilty, helpless, or hopeless - Losing interest in daily activities
33 34
rise reducing families’ purchasing power and increasing the risk of severe malnutrition or - Avoiding family and friends
 - Pulling away from people and things
• Having low or no energy Great damage caused by a disaster can be reduced if everyone will take responsibility
• Having unexplained aches and pains, such as constant stomachaches or headaches in anticipating its effects. Here are some ways on how to plan ahead of a disaster:
• Feeling helpless or hopeless 1. Check for hazards at home.
• Excessive smoking, drinking, or using drugs, including prescription medications 2. Identify safe place indoors and outdoors 3. Educate yourself and family members
• Worrying a lot of the time; feeling guilty but not sure why 4. Have Disaster kits/supplies on hand.
• Thinking of hurting or killing yourself or someone else 5. Develop an emergency communication plan.
• Having difficulty readjusting to home or work life 6. Help your community get ready.
7. Practice the Disaster Preparedness Cycle
For children (6-11 years old)
• Withdrawing from playgroups and friends
• Competing more for the attention of parents and teachers
• Being unwilling to leave home
• Being less interested in schoolwork
• Becoming aggressive
• Having added conflict with peers or parents
• Having difficulty concentrating
• Become withdrawn
• Resist authority
• Become disruptive or aggressive at home or in the classroom
• Experiment with high-risk behaviors such as underage drinking or prescription drug
misuse and abuse

For teens What I Can Do

For teens, the impact of disasters varies depending on how much of a disruption the
disaster causes their family or community. Teens ages 12 to 18 are likely to have physical Direction: Consider yourself as a friend to the following people. Given their situations and the
complaints when under stress or be less interested in schoolwork, chores, or other fact that they are suffering from a previous disaster, state the impact / effects of the disasters
they are experiencing and what tips, advice or words can you give them to help them recover?
responsibilities.
Put your answer on your answer sheet.
Although some teens may compete vigorously for attention from parents and teachers
after a disaster, they also may:
1. Dale Marc is a 16-year-old student. He lives in Taal, Batangas, together with his family.
• Become withdrawn
Fishing is their primary source of income. They found out that the Taal volcano had erupted in
• Resist authority
Taal Batangas. What are the possible effects / effects of this condition on their family, and what
• Become disruptive or aggressive at home or in the classroom advice are you going to give him?
• Experiment with high-risk behaviors such as underage drinking or prescription drug
misuse and abuse 2. Sheila, a 17- year old Senior High School Student is experiencing boredom in this New
normal situation. Lack of social interactions with friends and cousins, hooked in her academic
For those who have lived through a natural or human-caused disaster, the anniversary loads, less physical exercises and pressure from parents and friends had bothered her the
of the event may renew feelings of fear, anxiety, and sadness. Certain sounds, such as sirens, most. She decided to stop answering her modules and did not bother on her outputs and had
can also trigger emotional distress. These and other environmental sensations can take been reminded by her teachers as well. She even distanced herself from friends and other
people right back to the disaster, or cause them to fear that it’s about to trigger happen events” family members. What are the possible effects of these on her condition? What advice can
can again happen. These(SAMHSA)at “any. you give her to motivate and inspire her again?

35 36
 Below is an illustration of the characteristics of a floodplain. Familiarize it and try to analyze
Lesson Areas /Locations Exposed to if your house is located to a flood fringe. Your family should move out to prevent from the
damaging effect and danger of flooding.
2 Hazards
This lesson is all about the basic concepts of disaster and disaster risk. After
studying and working on all activities in this module, you will be built enough knowledge in
choosing for a location or areas with low risk to disaster & suitable for living. With this, it is
very important for us to identify areas /locations exposed to hazards that may lead to
disaster.

What’s In
Every year, there are millions of people who are affected by natural disasters, and
maybe you know how calamitous it is, am I right? From the destruction of buildings, the
spread of many diseases and even death. It can even devastate entire country overnight.
Earthquakes, tsunamis, typhoons and storm surge do not just wreak havoc on land; they
also disrupt people's lives, destroy ones’ properties and posse living in remote regions.

What Is It 2. Landslide-prone areas

Landslides occur when the stability of the slope changes from a stable to an
Disaster can be avoided or lessened if the people are knowledgeable enough in unstable condition. A change in the stability of a slope can be caused by a number of
choosing their location or area of living. Choosing one’s reducing the risk of disaster and factors, acting together or alone. Natural causes of landslides include:
looking security. The following are some of the areas or locations exposed to hazards that
• groundwater (pore water) pressure acting to destabilize the slope
may lead to disasters:
• Loss or absence of vertical vegetative structure, soil nutrients, and soil structure
1. Flood Plains or Flood-Prone Areas (e.g. after a wildfire - a fire in forests lasting for 3–4 days)
What happened when there is a heavy or continuous rainfall exceeding the • erosion of the toe of a slope by rivers or ocean waves
absorptive capacity of soil and the flow capacity of rivers, streams, and coastal areas? • weakening of a slope through saturation by snow melt, glaciers melting, or heavy
Yes, flooding happens. Flooding causes a watercourse to overflow its banks onto lands rains
adjacent to it. In general, flood plains are lands most subject to recurring floods, located • earthquakes adding loads to barely stable slope o earthquake-caused liquefaction
beside or adjacent to rivers and streams. These are the lands that are inundated by water. destabilizing slopes o volcanic eruptions
Flood plain is the large area of flat land on either side of a river that is sometimes covered
with water when the river becomes too full (From Longman Dictionary of Contemporary Landslides are aggravated by human activities, such as:
English @ http://www.ldoceonline.com/Geography-topic/flood-plain). These are the “flood- • deforestation, cultivation and construction, which destabilize the already fragile
prone”area and are very hazardous to development activities if the acceptable level of slopes
vulnerabilities exceeds. • vibrations from machinery or traffic o blasting
Owing to their continually changing nature, floodplains and other flood-prone • earthwork which alters the shape of a slope, or which imposes new loads on an
areas need to be examined in the light of how they might affect or be affected by existing slope
development. • in shallow soils, the removal of deep- rooted vegetation that binds colluviums to
bedrock
• Construction, agricultural or forestry activities (logging) which change the amount of
37 water which infiltrates the soil.) 38
 3. Area with Armed Conflicts This active fault line system has the potential of generating up to a 7.2-magnitude
earthquake that can devastate the capital and nearby provinces. PHIVOLCS Director,
The word “disaster” usually brings tsunamis to and mi many other kinds’ of
Renato Solidum Jr. said that a new survey discovered new fault traces aside from those
disasters. Accordingly, human consequences, rather than the phenomenon that causes
previously mapped and since there is no early warning when or where an earthquake
it. The physical and psychological destruction of living creatures is the main point of the
occurs, PHIVOLCS has bn calling for public preparedness through earthquake drills and
word.
contingency plans and checking the structural integrity of homes and buildings .
Accordingly, disaster is an actual or threatened accidental or uncomfortable
Now, with the use
events that are concentrated in time, and space, in which society, or a relatively self-
of the map above and with
sufficient subdivision of society undergoes severe danger, and injuries such losses to its
the places cited, can you
members and physical appurtenances that the social structure is disrupted and the
locate the place where your
fulfilment of all or some of the essential functions.
relatives and friends live in
The society’s social basic structure purpose of any terrorism disruption event.
Luzon? Are they living near
Disaster due to terrorism always leaves messages to the societies causing social
this fault or near any active
disruption.
fault? If so, it is time for you
to inform them. Informing
4. Fault line Areas
them is capacitating them. If
In the previous years, you already knew that a fault, in geography, is a they have that capacity or
discontinuity in a volume of rock, across which there has been significant displacement preparedness, then it is
along the fractures as a result of earth movement. The Philippine fault system runs from pretty sure that the impacts
north to south and east to west of the archipelago. Knowing about it, the most important of an earthquake will be
question to answer is whether or not you, your family and your properties are safe from reduced. For you to have a
earthquakes. It’s easier for you to determine w eruptions or not but what about clear picture about the VFS,
earthquakes? Are you aware of all the locations of the fault lines in the Philippines? study the figure below. Aside
In the from the fault lines, trenches
Metro Manila, the are also shown.
biggest fault line
system is the
Marikina Valley
Fault System or
commonly called
the Valley Fault
System. The
Marikina Valley
Fault System
Do you
live in quake
zone? Are you
living in a safe
area? Did your
parents check
whether your
house or planned house lies along or near an active fault line? Have you heard about “The
Big One”? What is this all? https://tectonicsofasia.weebly.com/philippine-sea-plate.html 40

39
 Lesson Disaster from Different
3 Perspectives
This lesson is all about analyzing the different perspective of disasters.
https://www.researchg Preparedness is one of the main aspects that comes to our mind when we talk about
ate.net/figure/The- disaster, after studying and working on all activities in this module it hopes to capacitate
location-of-West- individual from the great impacts of disaster.
Panay-Fault-Collision-
Zone-and-Negros-
Trench-that-can- What I Need to Know
generate_fig3_344895 Analyze disaster from the different perspectives (physical, psychological, socio-
982 cultural, economics, political, and biological).

What’s In

Disasters come in different forms and intensity. Nobody knows when it will strike
and how will it happen. Therefore, everybody must know how to determine possible
disasters and anticipate possible damages in order to prepare oneself from the potential
harms that it may cause to people and the community.

Direction: Think about the scenario below. Write YES if it is a disaster; NO if not a
disaster. Write your answer on a separate sheet.

_____ 1. A landslide in a mountain resort.

_____ 2. A typhoon traversing a remote and uninhabited island.
_____ 3. A volcano erupting 15 km away from a city.
_____ 4. A mudslide towards a hill foot community.
_____ 5. A strong earthquake in the city proper of Calamba.

What Is It
The Different Perspectives of Disaster

1. Physical perspective
Calamities are phenomena that cause great physical damage in a community
infrastructure, its people and their properties, e.g. houses and environmental sources of
living. These cited effects of a disaster can be easily measured and the most common.
Natural disasters generally affect the physical infrastructural facilities, agricultural
productivity and even lead to loss of life and cause damage to property. Various factors
41 influence the effects of a disaster on a country among them are the magnitude of the
42
disaster, the geography of the area affected, and the recovery efforts directed towards the moment. The culture of “malalampasan din natin ‘to..” belief and “ bahala na and
reducing the immediate effects of a disaster. Diyos” syndrome give hope to most Filipino in the midst of a disaster. Such perspective
“Effects of a natural Disasters on a Country Essay”, Ivy Panda Free Study Hub, January 20, helps a lot especially those who belong to the marginalized sector to be hopeful and
2020, https://ivypanda.com/essays/effects-of-a-natural-disasteron-a-country/ continue fighting against any challenge at hand. Their belief that a help from someone or
Effects of Physical Disasters from God would arrive at a time they most needed. It also helps most people survive a lot
- Injuries of oddities in life.
- Physical disabilities or illness Socio-Cultural Effect of Disasters
- Sanitation ➢ change in individual roles
- Damage in infrastructure ➢ disruption of social relationships and personal connections

2. Psychological Perspective 4. Economic Perspective

Victims of disasters may suffer from Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Disasters affect the economic condition of a community because they reduce
other serious mental health conditions, which are not being given much attention to by the local and international trade. It can also partially or totally paralyze a country’s
authorities or even by the victims, themselves. (This may be sensitive statement) transportation system, just like what happened in the COVID19 pandemic.
Disasters are mostly unpredictable, which leave the victims in a state of shock. They tend Implementation of a partial and total shut down of local business operations result to a lot
to deny the loss and try to escape from reality. Being in a denial state makes the victims of people losing means of living.
more vulnerable to stress, anxiety, and other different maladaptive reactions. Death of a Economic Effects of Disasters
closed one also leaves the victim in a state of insecurity because the sense of love, - loss of life
attachment and belongingness are deprived. - unemployment
Makwana, Nikunj Disaster and its impact on mental health: A narrative review, October 31, 2019 - loss of property loss of household articles
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6857396/ - loss of crops
Psychological effects of a Disaster: - loss of public infrastructure
distress hopelessness intrusion/avoidance 5. Political Perspective
emotional effects cognitive Effects Natural disasters are commonly thought to be less politically argumentative than
-hatred/revenge physical Effects grief/withdrawn/isolation armed conflicts, yet a closer look shows that both the effects of a natural disaster and the
-dependence/insecurities interpersonal effect resulting distribution of humanitarian aid are profoundly linked
-guilt feeling to politics.
-helplessness Just as vulnerability to disasters is mediated by the political system of a country,
-lack of trust disasters can have major consequences for political stability and political legitimacy
(Hörhager, July 2017. Since agencies of government have a significant role to play in
3. Socio-cultural Perspective directing disaster preparedness, prevention and recovery. Social systems establish
Filipinos are generally known as “matiisin”, resourceful, helpful, optimistic, and vulnerability to natural disasters and governments are often considered to be responsible
prayerful. These characteristics are manifested in the country’s recent fight against for the disaster effects.
COVID19.Due to the National Health Emergency, Enhanced Community Quarantine (ECQ)
Political Effects of a Disaster
prevailed in the whole country. A lot of people temporarily lost their jobs, some people
- People who have trust in political institution will assess the government’s risk
stranded in different regions, repatriated OFWs were held in different quarantine facilities in
assessments as credible and accept their hazard policies (Johnson 1999)
Metro Manila, and all people were restricted to go out of their homes for months. As a result,
- Low level of trust in public institutions therefore means that citizens may ignore
most Filipino families would rely on government’s help for them to get by. However, limited
the recommendations and disregard the information provided by these institutions
resources and aids from the government make people find possible ways to survive amid
(McCaffey 2004).
the pandemic.
- If individuals are confident that they will receive sufficient aid from the government
These traits help a lot of Filipinos to survive the challenge of COVID19 in the
when a disaster occurs, they might not be motivated to take measures on their own (King
country. To people who are used to natural calamities like typhoons, flash floods,
43 and Kang 2000).
and volcanic eruptions most citizen would find contentment with what they have at
44
 6. Biological Perspective Summary:
The disturbing effects caused by a prevalent kind of disease or virus in an
Disasters have various effect to one’s life. They are: displacement of population,
epidemic or pandemic level is known as biological disaster.
health risks, food scarcity, and emotional aftermath.
(a) Epidemic Level: Biological disaster affects large numbers of people within a
given community or area. Ex: Dengue. Most of the time disasters are associated with the areas/ location of exposure which make
(b) Pandemic Level: Biological disaster affects a much large region, sometime the community vulnerable. These areas are: flood plain or flood-prone areas, landslide-
spanning entire continents or the globe, Example. Swine Flue prone areas, areas with armed conflict, ad fault line areas which are susceptible to
Important topics: Biological Disasters -Causes and Way forward, IAS Planner Helping Civil Service Aspirants, frequent earthquakes.
http://www.iasplanner.com/civilservices/importanttopics/biological-disasters-causes-and-way-forward
One’s own perspective during disasters may vary, depending on those factors that could
affect us the most. Physical perspective, psychological, socio-cultural, economic, political
Biological disasters can wipe out an entire population at a short span of time.
and biological are the different perspectives of disasters.
Example of it is the COVID19 pandemic which infected millions in less than a month and
left thousands of deaths in the same duration. Viral respiratory infections can lead to
anything from a mild cough that lasts a few weeks or months to full-blown persistent Post Test
wheezing or asthma (Martin, 2020). He added that when there is a severe respiratory Multiple Choice: Read and understand each situation carefully. Write the letter of your
infection, recovery can be prolonged with a general increase in shortness of breath— even choice on your answer sheet.
after normal lung function returns. Since COVID19 is a respiratory disease, the public is
advised by health authorities to do health precaution to prevent social contamination. 1. In a situation that you know you and your family are on a disaster risk area, how
Examples are: observing physical distancing, appropriate washing of the hands, wearing of could you reduce the impact of a disaster that may come in your life?
mask at all times once outside of one’s home, and boosting one’s immune system. A. Avoid the crowd.
COVID19 patients who have strong immune system can likely soon recover from the B. Watch news to be informed.
disease. Also, those who follow the health precaution strictly have less chance of being C. Get the right mindset and preparation.
infected. As such, the effects of a biological disaster can be reduced. D. Build good relationships among neighbors.

Effects of Biological Disasters 2. Why should people need to plan and be ready for the possible consequences of a
disaster?
➢ loss of lives - unemployment
A. So that people would show their own capabilities.
➢ public demobilization - hunger
B. So that people could set an example to others.
➢ negative economic effect C. So that people would reduce the potential effects of disasters.
D. So that people could prepare ahead of time.
What I Have Learned 3. Which should be the right attitude in dealing the effects of a disaster?
A. Let us be mindful of others.
Direction: Study the case then answers the question below. B. Try to be a leader for others.
C. Show positivity in dealing with it.
Tajima is an earthquake victim. She manages to save all his family members from the D. Be grateful on what the government can provide.
wraths of the disaster. Though she is mentally tough, all her resources are already gone. 4. Which of the following characteristics will help a person to recover quickly after
If you were to rank the following needs of Tajima from the most important to the least a disaster?
important, how would you arrange the following needs? Write your answer in one A. One must be happy and hopeful.
sentence only for each need. B. One must be prayerful and friendly.
FOOD, COUNSELLING, HOME, MEDICINE, WORK, GOVERNMENT ASSISTANCE C. One must be wise and cooperative.
D. One must be resourceful and determined.
5. An incidence of a communicable disease in a community at a particular time is known
as ___________________.
A. academic C. pandemic
45
B. epidemic D.. prolific 46
6. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article/27/suppl_3/ckx186.103/ 4555726
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a serious acute respiratory syndrome. This was first Horhager, E., "Political Implications Of Natural Disasters: Regime Consolidation And Political
detected in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and then spread around the globe, Contestation", 2015, https://www.witpress.com/elibrary/wittransactions-on-the-built-
triggering a continuing pandemic SITUATION. How can the Philippine win against environment/150/33944
disasters like COVID19? De Leo, Rob A., "Political Science Perspectives", October 17,
2018, https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-92722-0_6
A. Quarantine protocols must be continued.
Albrecht, Frederike. "The Social and Political Impact of Natural Disasters: Investigating Attitudes and
B. People must maintain a clean environment at all time.
Media Coverage in the Wake of Disasters", June 7, 2017, http://www.diva-
C. The citizens must follow health guidelines and safety measures. portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid
D. The government must be allowed to decide for the good of the fellow people. =diva2%3A1090236&dswid=T18DBz2H
7. The best help that you can do in the country’s fight against COVID19 is _________. Avy123, "Natural disasters", Nov 25, 2012 https://www.slideshare.net/
A. I can volunteer as a frontliner. avy123/natural-disasters-15336579 ?next_slideshow=3
B. I can practice health protocols. Chakraborty, Indranil. "COVID-19 outbreak: Migration, effects on society, global environment and
C. I can donate cash and/or goods to the needy. prevention", 2020 , https://www.sciencedirect.com
D. I can wave cash assistance or goods from the government. /science/article/pii/S0048969720323998
Choudhary, Richa. “Important Short Notes on Disaster Management”. Eck School. Eckovation Padhte
8. The perspective of disasters that is normally left untreated is the _______. Chalo, Badhte Chalo, May 29, 2017. https://school.eckovation.com/disaster-management-short-notes/
A. economic perspective Castro, Ryan, “Disaster Risk Reduction and Management”, Slideshare, November 19, 2013,
B. physical perspective https://www.slideshare.net/irpex/disasterrisk-reduction-and-management-28415360
C. psychological perspective Mahar, Patrick, et.al.’ “Disasters and their Effects on the Population: Key
D. socio-cultural perspective Concepts“, https://www.aap.org/en-us/Documents/disasters_dpac PEDsModule
9. Great damage from a disaster could be prevented through _________ “What is a disaster?”. The international Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent, 2020.
https://www.ifrc.org/en/what-we-do/disastermanagement/about-disasters/what-is-a-disaster/
A. accurate assessment and preparations
“The Devastating Impact of Natural Disasters”. Child Fund International, February 6, 2013.
B. strong implementation of rules https://www.childfund.org/Content/NewsDetail/2147489272/
C. rigid information campaign
D. sufficient funding
15.When there is supplementary politics in addressing the effects of a disaster there will be
A. unity in diversity
B. equal allocation of help
C. effective measures to reduce damages
D. effective delivery of humanitarian assistance

References
Citroner, George. "What We Know About the Long-Term Effects of COVID-19", April 21, 2020,
https://www.healthline.com/health-news/what-we-knowabout-the-long-term-effects-of-covid-19
Parrocha, Azzer. "State of public health emergency declared in PH", March 9, 2020,
https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1095955
Everly, George S. "Disaster: A Psychologist’s Perspective", October 3, 2017
https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/when-disaster-strikesinside-disaster-
psychology/201710/disaster-psychologist-sperspective
Sheep, S. "Effects of a Natural Disaster on a Country [Blog post]", January 20, 2020,
https://ivypanda.com/essays/effects-of-a-natural-disaster-on-acountry/
Makwana, Nikunj. "Disaster and its impact on mental health: A narrative review", October 31,
2019, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles /PMC6857396/
Raich, Margit, et.al. "Impact of culture on community resilience in natural disaster situations:
48
Margit Raich", October 20, 2017,
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