High Density Polyethylene: Tipelin
High Density Polyethylene: Tipelin
High Density Polyethylene: Tipelin
HIGH DENSITY
POLYETHYLENE
TIPELIN
CERTIFICATES
MOL PETROCHEMICALS
SLOVNAFT
www.molgroupchemicals.com
WHY TO CHOOSE POLYETHYLENE
MOL GROUP? CHARACTERISTICS
MOL Group is an oil, gas and petrochemicals We pay attention to OPERATIONAL
company. Its petrochemical assets are EXCELLENCE, maintain our assets regularly
INTEGRATED backwards to crude oil, providing in order to ensure reliable operation, MOLECULAR AND CRYSTAL
RELIABILITY of supply. We can highly lean
on the refinery integration benefits: the
considering safety as key value. Optimising
operation with refining, the Division runs its
STRUCTURE, DENSITY
secured feedstock supply, the robust financial production plants on 2 production sites in
background and strong position in the regional Tiszaújváros and Bratislava.
markets, together with the HIGH QUALITY
products provided by STATE OF THE ART We would like to exceed our customers’ Polyethylene macromolecules and their co-polymers build chains consisting of
TECHNOLOGIES. expectations in SERVICE EXCELLENCE thousands of -CH₂- units. Depending upon polymerisation, this chain develops different
throughout Europe. Supporting the branches | FIG. 1 |.
We aim to become the FIRST CHOICE of our fulfilment of this aim we operate several
partners in our core region using the advantage sales offices throughout Europe: in Hungary, Owing to its molecular structure with branches of chain length, LDPE is referred to
of our location and competitive portfolio of Slovakia, Austria, Germany, Italy, Poland, as branched polyethylene. In contrast with this, medium and high density grades have
high quality polyolefin products. We offer Romania, Croatia and Ukraine. only short branches on their chains and are referred to as linear polyethylene.
TAILOR MADE SOLUTIONS for our partners LDPE has long chain branches, which themselves are branched as well. These products
helping to build a SUCCESSFUL RELATIONSHIP. are manufactured in a high pressure process (>1000 bar). Linear polyethylene is
produced in a low pressure process (by Phillips grades about 40 bar and by Mitsui
grades about 10 bar). Hexene-1 (Phillips grades) and butene-1 (Mitsui grades)
comonomer built in the chain of these polyethylene grades produces side chains.
HDPE
Density: 0.94–0.97 g/cm³
Melting point (DTA): 123–128 °C
MDPE
Density: 0.93–0.94 g/cm³
Melting point (DTA): 117–123 °C
LDPE
Density: 0.91–0.925 g/cm³
Melting point (DTA): 105–115 °C
TIPELIN is the registered trade mark for medium and high density polyethylene grades manufactured by MOL Petrochemicals Co. Ltd.
MOL Petrochemicals’ unimodal medium and high density TIPELIN grades (MDPE and HDPE) are produced by continuous suspension polymerization
using low pressure catalytic process under licence of Phillips Petroleum Co. The density range of co-polymers produced with hexene-1 co‑monomer
grades is 0.934–0.961 g/cm³. The bimodal high density TIPELIN types are produced by CX Process under licence of Mitsui. This slurry phase
polymerization employing a super-high-activity catalyst and a two-reactor system. The density range of co-polymer grades produced with
butene-1 co-monomer is 0.948-0.959 g/cm³. PRODUCT CATALOGUE 2020 | HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE |3|
The number of side chains is proportional to the amount of co-monomer built in the MOLECULAR
chain. As a result of the built-in co-monomer, the density and the degree of cryrstallinity
will decrease. Polyethylene density (0.910–0.970 g/cm³) and molecular weight depend
WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION
on polymerisation circumstances to some extent. Melt flow rate and density are
characteristic indicatives of the polyethylene grade. Higher density is associated with
a higher crystallisation and a lower number of branches.
Polyethylene consists of molecules of different chain lengths, giving different molecular
Polyethylene is a partially crystalline polymer. The relationship between crystallisation weights. This is clearly shown by the diagram demonstrating the frequencies of various
ratio and density of HDPE is shown in | FIG. 2 |. The proportion of crystalline matier or molecular weight | FIG. 3 |. Molecular weight distribution influences both processing and
the density decides the polyethylene’s melting characteristic. The melting point rises end product properties. For example, a narrow molecular weight distribution is needed
with the increase in crystallinity and density. The melting point varies between the for the injection moulding of resins if the moulded parts are to be free from all distortion
melting point of LDPE (ca. 110 °C) and that of HDPE (ca. 128 °C). and internal stresses which might compromise their environmental stress cracking
resistance (ESCR).
At the same time, a high molecular weight polyethylene with a wider molecular weight
| FIG. 2 | DEGREE OF CRYSTALLINITY AS A FUNCTION OF DENSITY
distribution is more suitable for blowing processes to manufacture pipes and films.
It should be remembered, however, that the low and medium molecular weight fractions
100 account for easy processing. The high molecular weight fraction gives good mechanical
properties (impact strength, creep and warp resistance and ESCR).
80
Crystalisation (%)
60
The narrower the molecular weight distribution
0
0.930 0.940 0.950 0.960 0.970
Density (g/cm³)
| FIG. 3 | n NARROW MOLECULAR WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION
n BROAD MOLECULAR WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION
10
MOLECULAR WEIGHT, 8
MELT FLOW RATE, MELT VISCOSITY
AND FLOW CHARACTERISTICS 6
Relative frequency
4
2
Chain length, or the average molecular weight is one of the important characteristics
indicative of the degree of linkage. Changes in the molecular weight will definitely 0
change melt viscosity, highly effecting on the processing properties. A high molecular 102 103 104 105 106 107
weight polymer has a high melt viscosity. To measure flow properties, a parameter Molecular weight (g/mol)
melt flow rate is used according to ISO 1133. High melt flow rate means easy flowing and
low molecular weight. Melt flow rate is defined by a one point method, a test that can
be performed quite easily under laboratory circumstances. It is important, however, that
the molecular weights, melt flow rates and flow characteristics of identical polyethylene
grades manufactured in different processes may differ even though they have the same
melt flow rate.
|4| PRODUCT CATALOGUE 2020 | HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE |5|
The most important property of HDPE is its mechanical strength with easy processing WEATHER RESISTANCE
capability, and this can be realized through bimodal high molecular weight HDPE.
The low molecular weight component provides good processability, while the high
molecular weight component gives excellent mechanical strength.
HDPE grades have a good resistance to light in the visible spectrum. However, when
stored in the open air, they can get damaged by the combined effects of atmospheric
oxygen and UV radiation. As a result, their durability and tensile strength lessen, and
| FIG. 4 | MOLECULAR WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION OF BIMODAL TYPE they may discolour. The useful life of polyethylene can be increased by two or four times
with a UV stabiliser added to the blend. The great number of available UV stabilisers
allows manufacturers to select the right grade to make a product most suitable for the
Good Excellent Mechanical
Processability Strength weather conditions, end product and the environment of application. Special carbon
blacks, the best UV stabilisers so far, can extend the useful lives of the products by
10–15 times when added in amounts of 2–3%. Pigments also can improve UV resistance,
although, these additives may cause some undesirable side effects, as well.
The wide range of grades and the careful selection of characteristics of the individual
grades allow various applications including:
OTHER PROPERTIES
for heavy duty bags, industrial bags, shopping bags, garbage bags and packaging films
for medicines and foods
Pipe grades
corrugated and protective pipes
The shrinkage of finished products manufactured from HDPE takes place in the
crystallization phase. The extent of crystallisation depends on the processing parameters Sheet extrusion grades
(temperature, pressure, throughput, thickness, cooling speed, etc.), but molecular for sheets and thermoformed sheets
structure (molecular weight and weight distribution) is a further factor having an
effect on crystallisation. Shrinkage accounts 3–4% in pipe diameters. Shrinkage can Injection moulding grades
be max. 5% in fittings made from pipe grades. Shrinkage can be exactly determined housware and industrial packaging, consumer goods
only after 24 hours following injection moulding, because affer crystallisation and
the compensation of the generated internal stresses will result in further dimensional Split film yarn
changes in the finished products. The extent of after shrinkage is time and temperature agricultural packaging (raschel bag, round bale net)
dependent. After shrinkage time, when shrinkage can reach 1% max., can be reduced by
increased storage temperatures.
TIPELIN MEDIUM AND HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE TIPELIN HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE GRADES ARE IDENTIFIED
GRADES (MDPE AND HDPE) ARE IDENTIFIED BY A CODE SYSTEM BY A CODE SYSTEM CONSISTING OF FOUR DIGITS AND ONE LETTER.
CONSISTING OF TWO LETTERS AND FIVE DIGITS.
The first letter is for the The first and second digits are The fourth and fifth digits The first digit indicates the melt flow rate (MFR) Second, third and
application of the polymer identical with the second and identify the additive system range in g/10 min at 190 °C and 2.16 kg fourth digits are
the third decimals of the number in the polymer internal codes
F = Film 1 = 5.0 – 10
indicating nominal density 2 = 3.0 – 5.0
B = Blow moulding,
corrugated pipes, sheets 3 = 1.0 – 3.0
5 = 0.40 – 1.0
6 = 0.20 – 0.40
7 = 0.05 – 0.20
8 < 0.05
FS 383 - 03 7000F
Letters at the end of the grade name
The second letter indicates the show main application of the grade
melt flow rate (MFR) range in g/10 min The third digit is an B = Blow moulding
at 190 °C and 2.16 kg internal plant code F = Film
S < 0.20 J = Injection moulding
A = 0.20 – 0.50 M = Pipe extrusion
B = 0.50 – 1.0 S = Sheet extrusion, fiber
0,10 1
Balloons and drums up to 220 l for aggressive
BS 520-14 0.45 2 952 28 11 30 1350 1400 24 130 65 260 7 40
UNIMODAL
0.65 1
BB 620-17 2.9 2 962 33 10 – 900 1700 14 131 68 18 7 6 Small bottles, corrugated pipes
50 3
30 3 corrugated pipes
0.10 1
Jerry can for aggressive industrial chemicals,
7300B 0.40 2 954 30 11 30 1100 1500 16 129 65 > 800 8 50
sheet extrusion
11 3
0.06 1
7700M 0.26 2 948 24 14 31 1550 1100 22 127 63 > 10 000 8 > 100 Non-pressure pipes and sheet manufacturing
PIPE AND SHEET
8.0 3
GRADES
0.12 1
Extrusion of sheets of industrial parts and for
7100S 0.50 2 949 27 12 28 1500 1100 15 126 63 > 10 000 8 118
non‑pressure pipe extrusion
13 3
0.12 1
7111S 0.50 2 949 25 11 30 1490 1250 16 127 63 > 10 000 8 > 120 Non-pressure pipes and sheet manufacturing
13 3
| NOTES |
¹ MFR at 190 °C and 2.16 kg
² MFR at 190 °C and 5 kg
³ MFR at 190 °C and 21.6 kg
⁴ Values have been measured on standard pressed specimens (ISO 293) conditioned at room temperature (ISO 291) For the actual values and product portfolio please check
⁵ The thickness of the film: 0.025 mm for the mechanical measurement (MD/TD: MD = machine direction, TD = trans direction) www.molgroupchemicals.com
⁶ The thickness of the film: 0.015 mm for the mechanical measurement (MD/TD: MD = machine direction, TD = trans direction)
⁷ Values have been measured in 100% Igepal CO-630 on standard pressed specimens (ISO 293) conditioned at room temperature (ISO 291)
⁸ Values have been measured in 10% Igepal CO-630 on standard pressed specimens (ISO 293) conditioned at room temperature (ISO 291)
| 10 | PRODUCT CATALOGUE 2020 | HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE | 11 |
INJECTION MOULDING, FIBER AND FILM GRADES
TYPICAL PROPERTIES, CANNOT BE CONSIDERED AS SPECIFICATION
Melt Mass – Vicat
Tensile Tensile Tensile Tensile Elmendorf Notched Spencer Shore D ESCR Recom-
Grade/ Flow Rate Density Dart Drop Flexural Softening OIT
Strength Strain Strength Strain Tear Izod Impact Hard F50 B mended film Application
Parameter (MFR) 23 °C 4 (F50) Modulus 4 Tempera- 200 °C
at Yield at Yield at Break at Break Resistance Impact Strength ness 4 method thickness
190 °C/2.16 kg ture 4
Unit g/10 min kg/m³ MPa % MPa % cN g MPa kJ/m² MPa °C – h min mm –
Test ISO ISO 7765-1 ISO ASTM ISO ASTM D
ISO 1133-1 ISO 527‑3 ISO 527‑3 ISO 527‑3 ISO 527‑3 ISO 6383-2 ISO 178 ISO 868 EN 728 – –
method 1183‑2 method A 180/A D 3420 306/A 120 1693
Injection moulding and compression moulding,
3100J 2.0 1 952 23 9 12 9 25 9 880 9 – – 1000 9 10 9 – 127 9 62 9 20 7 65 – caps and closures for carbonated soft drinks,
engineering and technical parts
Injection moulding and compression moulding,
3110J 2.0 1 952 23 9 12 9 25 9 880 9 – – 1000 9 10 9 – 127 9 62 9 20 7 65 – caps and closures for carbonated soft drinks,
engineering and technical parts, slip additivated
MOULDING GRADES
caps, cartridges
Recommended for making daily necessaries,
1108J 8.0 1 961 29 9 11 9 99 600 9 – – 1300 9 4.5 9 – 127 9 62 9 37 120 – kitchen housewares, boxes, crates, trays, toys,
caps, cartridges, contains UV stabilizer package
Primer film:
0.50 1
GRADE
FIBER
0.18 1
Extra thin packaging films, bags, shopping
FS 471-02 0.80 2 946 26/20 5 – 53/44 5 710/860 5 25/320 5 80 5 1100 4 – 34 5 127 4 63 4 – 30 0.008–0.06
bags, garbage bags
15 3
0.69 1
Bags, shopping bags, garbage bags, blend
FB 472-02 2.7 2 947 23/19 5 – 46/37 5 810/930 5 23/260 5 47 5 1200 4 – 26 6 125 4 63 4 – 40 0.015–0.06
component for LDPE primarily for shrink film
40 3
0.65 1
Multilayer shrink films and packaging films,
BB 620-17 2.9 2 962 27/24 5 – 35/28 5 715/400 5 12/84 5 20 5 1700 4 – 85 131 4 68 4 – 6 –
blend component for LDPE in core layer.
50 3
0.08 1
Ultra-thin film, merchandise bags, disposal
7000F 0.30 2 955 30/24 6 – 71/43 6 500/600 6 16/155 6 200 6 1400 4 19 4 110 6 126 4 64 4 – 60 0.006–0.06
BIMODAL
waste bags
9.0 3
0.095 1
Ultra-thin film, merchandise bags, disposal
7500F 0.30 2 952 26/24 6 – 71/48 6 580/600 6 16/135 6 180 6 1400 4 17 4 70 6 126 4 64 4 – 55 0.006–0.06
waste bags
10 3
| NOTES | 6 The thickness of the film: 0.015 mm for the mechanical measurement (MD/TD: MD = machine direction, TD = trans direction)
7 Values have been measured in 100% Igepal CO-630 on standard pressed specimens (ISO 293) conditioned at room temperature (ISO 291)
1 MFR at 190 °C and 2.16 kg
8 Values have been measured in 10% Igepal CO-630 on standard pressed specimens (ISO 293) conditioned at room temperature (ISO 291)
2 MFR at 190 °C and 5 kg
9 Values have been measured on standard injection moulded specimens (ISO 294-1) conditioned at room temperature (ISO 291)
3 MFR at 190 °C and 21.6 kg
4 Values have been measured on standard pressed specimens (ISO 293)
conditioned at room temperature (ISO 291)
5 T he thickness of the film: 0.025 mm for the mechanical measurement
(MD/TD: MD = machine direction, TD = trans direction) For the actual values and PRODUCT CATALOGUE 2020 | HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE | 13 |
product portfolio please check
www.molgroupchemicals.com
PROCESSING BLOW MOULDING
CONDITIONS OF
TIPELIN MDPE AND TIPELIN blow moulding grades are high density polyethylenes with typically low MFR
and a wide molecular weight distribution. TIPELIN blow moulding grades process well
HDPE GRADES
on extruders whose screw is not less than 20 D, constant pitch is equivalent with or
less than diameter, compression zone is shorter (1-2 D) and where compression ratio
is 2.5–3. Recommended melt temperatures are 180–220 °C.
FILM MANUFACTURING
PHYSICAL
Considering their characteristics, TIPELIN film grades are medium and high density
polyethylenes with a typically wide molecular weight distribution. To manfacture these
PROPERTIES*
grades an HDPE processing unit with a 0.7–1.2 mm die gap and melt temperatures of
200–220 °C are recommended. To reach optimum mechanical properties a high blow up
ratio (minimum 4:1) should be applied. Quantity Method Value Unit
* These physical values are based on literature data. The values can change with different types,
these values are not specified and not guaranted
REACH STATEMENT
avoided in processing.
It is recommended to install exhaust units
over processing machines and to secure good
ventilation of the place. For further information
see Material Safety Data Sheet.