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14-March-2023
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Macquarie Island
 Macquarie Island
Australia plans a marine zone to strengthen protections around Macquarie
Island.

👉 About
● Macquarie Island is located around 1,500 km southeast
of Tasmania.
● It is an island in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, about
halfway between New Zealand/Australia and Antarctica.
● The island is the exposed crest of the undersea
Macquarie Ridge, raised to its present position where the
Indo-Australian tectonic plate meets the Pacific plate.
 Macquarie Island

◎ It is a site of major geoconservation significance, being the only place on earth

where rocks from the earth’s mantle (6 km below the ocean floor) are being
actively exposed above sea-level.
◎ It's the only piece of land on the planet formed completely from ocean floor,
which rises above the waves to form peaks .
◎ Protection ➔
○ Macquarie Island and its surrounding seas are already protected as a
Tasmanian reserve.
○ The area is also a World Heritage Area.
○ The island has been identified by BirdLife International as an Important
Bird Area
 Macquarie Island

◎ Macquarie Island Marine Park, located in the remote wildlife wonderland

between Tasmania and Antarctica, is a critical habitat for millions of seabirds,
seals, and penguins.
◎ It has royal penguins and Macquarie shags who are endemic breeders, southern
rockhopper penguins, subantarctic fur seals, southern elephant seals, black-
browed albatrosses, and grey petrels etc.
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Cyclone Freddy
 UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists
Indore gets soaked in colours on Rang Panchami as a traditional procession ,
called as Gair, draws huge crowds and the district administration has sought
the gair’s inclusion in the UNESCO Representative List of Intangible Cultural
Heritage of Humanity.

👉 About
● Aim ➔ to ensure better protection of important
intangible cultural heritages worldwide and the
awareness of their significance.
● The list was established in 2008 when the 2003
Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible
Cultural Heritage took effect.
 UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists
◎ How the list is published ➔ list is published by the Intergovernmental Committee
for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage, the members of which are
elected by State Parties meeting in a General Assembly.
◎ As of 2010 the programme compiles two lists.
○ Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity,
comprises cultural "practices and expressions that help demonstrate the
diversity of this heritage and raise awareness about its importance."
○ List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding, is
composed of those cultural elements that concerned communities and
countries consider to require urgent measures to keep them alive.
◎ India was elected to the Intergovernmental Committee of UNESCO’s 2003
Convention on the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) for the
period 2022-2026 in July 2022.
 UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists
◎ A total of 14 elements from India are inscribed on UNESCO’s list of Intangible
Cultural Heritage and Humanity.
◎ 14 elements from India on UNESCO’s list of Intangible Cultural Heritage and
Humanity ➔ The tradition of Vedic chanting, Ramlila, Kutiyattam, Ramman,
Mudiyettu, Kalbelia folk songs and dances of Rajasthan, Chhau dance, Buddhist
chanting of Ladakh, Sankirtana, ritual singing, drumming, and dancing of
Manipur, Traditional brass and copper craft of utensil making among the
Thatheras of Jandiala Guru, Punjab, Yoga, Nowruz, Kumbh Mela, ‘Durga Puja in
Kolkata’.
 UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists

👉 About Gair
◎ The tradition of taking out a procession on the day of
Rang Panchami in Indore is nearly 300 years old.
◎ Rangpanchmi is celebrated on the 'Panchami', meaning
the fifth day of the Krishna Paksha, the waning phase of
the moon in the Hindu month of Chaitra after Holi.
◎ It was started by the Holkars – a dynasty of Maratha
Confederacy of India.
◎ The Holkars were generals under Peshwa Baji Rao I, and
later became Maharajas of Indore as an independent
member of the Maratha Empire until 1818.
 Previous year question 2017
With reference to Manipuri Sankirtana, consider the following statements:
1. It is a song and dance performance
2. Cymbals are the only musical instruments used in the performance
3. It is performed to narrate the life and deeds of Lord Krishna.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1 only
 Previous year question 2021 and 2019
The money multiplier in an economy increases with which one of the following?
a) Increase in the Cash Reserve Ratio in the banks.
b) Increase in the Statutory Liquidity Ratio in the banks
c) Increase in the banking habit of the people
d) Increase in the population of the country
Money Multiplier

Coins and Currency with public

Held by other banks in vault

Other deposits in RBI

 Previous year question 2021 and 2019
The money multiplier in an economy increases with which one of the following?
a) Increase in the Cash Reserve Ratio in the banks.
b) Increase in the Statutory Liquidity Ratio in the banks
c) Increase in the banking habit of the people
d) Increase in the population of the country
 Sodium Intake
A first-of-its-kind World Health Organization (WHO) Global report on
sodium intake reduction shows that the world is off-track to achieve its
global target of reducing sodium intake by 30% by 2025.

👉 About
● The global average salt intake is estimated to be
10.8 grams per day, more than double the WHO
recommendation of less than 5 grams (one
teaspoon) of salt per day per person.
● The main source of sodium is table salt (sodium
chloride), but it is also contained in other
condiments such as sodium glutamate.
 Sodium Intake

◎ Fast food, chips, snacks, soups, processed meats, instant noodles , all contain sodium
glutamate, and the regular consumption of these foods items are causing damage
and disruption to our health.
◎ Significance ➔
○ It is an important nutrient for maintaining balance of water and minerals in the
body.
○ Plays a pivotal role in controlling enzyme operations and muscle contraction.
○ Helps maintain blood sugar and regulates nerve and cardiac function.
◎ Eating too much of it can raise the risk of many chronic diseases.
◎ Risk ➔ Sodium, an essential nutrient, increases the risk of heart disease, stroke,
premature death, increased heart rate, palpitation, muscle pains, insulin resistance
etc when eaten in excess.
 Sodium Intake

◎ Note:
◎ Sodium (Na) is a chemical element of the alkali metal group of the periodic
table.
◎ It is a soft, silvery-white, highly reactive metal.
◎ It occurs abundantly in nature in compounds, especially common salt—sodium
chloride (NaCl)
◎ It is extremely reactive, it never occurs in the free state in Earth’s crust.
◎ Lighter than water, sodium can be cut with a knife at room temperature .
◎ It conducts heat and electricity easily and exhibits the photoelectric effect
(emission of electrons when exposed to light) to a marked degree.
 Humayun
Historian Ebba Koch’s book ‘The Planetary King: Humayun Padshah,
Inventor and Visionary on the Mughal Throne’ was launched in New Delhi
on Humayun’s birth anniversary.

👉 About
● Nasiruddin Humayun (1530-1540, 1555-1556) is the
second Mughal padshah.
● He was the successor of Babur, the founder of the
Mughal dynasty and father of Akbar.
● He lost to his rival Sher Shah Suri in Battle of Chausa
(1539) and Battle of Kanauj (1540), forcing him to
flee to Iran.
 Humayun

◎ In Iran Humayun received help from the Safavid Shah and regained his throne in
Delhi in 1555.
◎ A year later he died in an accident.
◎ Accounts ➔ His biography is Qanun-i Humayuni was written by historian
Khwandamir, it is also known as Humayun Nama of Khwandamir.
○ Humayun-Nama is an account of his life written by his sister Gulbadan
Begam during Akbar’s reign.
○ Shah Jahan’s court poet Abu Talib Kalim Kashani wrote a poem on
Humayun’s tomb.
◎ Tomb ➔ Akbar erected Humayun’s tomb in Delhi. It is near the Purana Qila, the
palace fortress, and other Mughal buildings.
 Humayun

◎ Interests ➔ Humayun had immense knowledge and interest in astronomy and

astrology.
○ Humayun himself wrote scientific treatises including ‘an introduction to the
science of astronomy and some other unusual matters’.
○ Humayun even planned to construct an observatory in India.
 Previous year question (2014)
Which of the following phenomena might have influenced the evolution of
organisms?
1. Continental drift
2. Glacial cycles
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Previous year question (2014)
 Previous year question (2014)
Which of the following phenomena might have influenced the evolution of
organisms?
1. Continental drift
2. Glacial cycles
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
 INS Sahyadri
INS Sahyadri joins maritime exercise with the French Navy.

👉 About
● It is a guided missile frigate.
● It is a Shivalik-class stealth multi-role frigate built
for the Indian Navy.
● Commissioned in 2012.
● It was built at the Mazagon Dock Limited (MDL)
located in Mumbai.
 INS Sahyadri

◎ INS Sahyadri is fitted with state-of-the art weapons and sensors, which makes
her capable of detecting and neutralizing air, surface and subsurface threats.
 Quick revision (True/False)

Question True / False

Kalbelia -> is folk songs and dances of Gujarat.

Gair -> was started by the Holkars.

INS Sahyadri-> built at Cochin Shipyard Limited.

Humayun Nama-> written by Humayun’s wife Gulbadan Begum.

Salt intake -> of less than 5 grams per person per day is recommended by
WHO.
 Quick revision (True/False)

Question True / False

Macquarie Island -> is an island in the Arctic Ocean.

Chabahar Port -> is the only Iranian port with direct access to the Indian
Ocean.
Semiconductors -> are materials which have a conductivity between
conductors and insulators.
Project Greensand -> aims to bury vast amounts of carbon dioxide gas
beneath the Greenland Sea.
Bahu Balli -> recently seen in news is world's 1st bamboo crash barrier
installed on West Bengal highway.