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Soal No.

1
Hitung gaya dalam dan momen pada titik A, B, C, D, E dan F menggunakan metode matriks,
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Diketahui :
NIM 20222010416

x := 1
y := 6

[ 2000 + ( 50 x) ]
P1 := = 2.05kN
1000

[ 4000 + ( 10 y) ]
AB := = 4.06 m
1000

[ 4000 + ( 10 x) ]
BC := = 4.01 m
1000

2 2 m
AC := AB + BC = 5.71

E := 200000 Mpa

b := 0.2 m
h := 0.2 m

A := b  h = 0.04
1. Menentukan Matriks Kekakuan Lokal [kl] masing-masing elemen

Bentuk Matriks Kekakuan Lokal


 E A 0 -
E A
0 
 L L  1 0 -1 0 

  EA  0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 =
Kl :=  L  -1 0 1 0
 E A E A  0 
- L 0
L
0
 0 0 0
 
 0 0 0 0
Matriks Kekakuan Lokal
Elemen 1 (AB)

 E A 0 -
E A
0 
 AB AB  1970.4433 0 -1970.4433 0 
  
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
k1 :=  =
 E A E A   -1970.4433 0 1970.4433 0
 - AB 0 0  

AB
  0 0 0 0
 0 0 0 0

Elemen 2 (AC)

 E A 0 -
E A
0 
 AC AC  1401.9196 0 -1401.9196 0 
  
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
k2 :=  =
 E A E A   -1401.9196 0 1401.9196 0
 - AC 0 0  

AC
  0 0 0 0
 0 0 0 0

Elemen 3 (BC)

 E A 0 -
E A
0 
 BC BC  1995.0125 0 -1995.0125 0 
  
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
k3 :=  =
 E A E A   -1995.0125 0 1995.0125 0
 - BC 0 0  

BC
  0 0 0 0
 0 0 0 0
2. Menentukan matriks transformasi [T] dan matriks transpose [T]T

Bentuk Matriks Transformasi

 cosα sinα 0 0 

[T] =  -sinα cosα 0 0 
 0 0 cosα sinα 
 0 
 0 -sinα cosα 

Bentuk Matriks Transpose

 cosα -sinα 0 0 

 sinα cosα 0 0 
[T]T =  0 0 cosα -sinα 
 0 
 0 sinα cosα 

Matriks Transformasi [T] dan matriks transpose [T]T Elemen 1 (AB)


; α = 90o

 cos( 90) sin( 90) 0 0 


  -0.4481 0.894 0 0 
 -sin( 90) cos( 90) 0 0  -0.894 -0.4481 0 0
T1 := = 
 0 0 cos( 90) sin( 90)   0 0 -0.4481 0.894 
 0   0 
 0 -sin( 90) cos( 90)   0 -0.894 -0.4481 

 -0.4481 -0.894 0 0 
0.894 -0.4481 0 0
T11 := T1 =  
T
 0 0 -0.4481 -0.894 
 0 
 0 0.894 -0.4481 

Matriks Transformasi [T] dan matriks transpose [T]T Elemen 2 (AC)


; α =45 o

 cos( 45) sin( 45) 0 0 


  0.5253 0.8509 0 0 

 -sin( 45) cos( 45) 0 0   -0.8509 0.5253 0 0 
T2 := =
 0 0 cos( 45) sin( 45)   0 0 0.5253 0.8509 
 0   0 
 0 -sin( 45) cos( 45)   0 -0.8509 0.5253 

 0.5253 -0.8509 0 0 
0.8509 0.5253 0 0
T22 := T2 =  
T
 0 0 0.5253 -0.8509 
 0 
 0 0.8509 0.5253 
Matriks Transformasi [T] dan matriks transpose [T]T Elemen 3 (BC)
; α = 0o

 cos( 0) sin( 0 ) 0 0 
  1 0 0 0

 -sin( 0 ) cos( 0 ) 0 0  0 1 0 0
T3 := =
 0 0 cos( 0 ) sin( 0)  0 0 1 0
 0  0 
 0 -sin( 0 ) cos( 0 )   0 0 1

 1 0 0 0

0 1 0 0
T33 := T3 = 
T
0 0 1 0
0 
 0 0 1

3. Menentukan matriks kekakuan global [kg] masing-masing elemen


Rumus :
[kg] = [T]T . [k1] . [T]

Perhitungan Matriks kekakuan global elemen 1 (AB)

 395.6058 -789.3129 -395.6058 


789.3129
-789.3129 1574.8375 789.3129 -1574.8375 
kg1 := T11 k1 T1 = 
 -395.6058 789.3129 395.6058 -789.3129 
 789.3129 -1574.8375 
 -789.3129 1574.8375 

Perhitungan Matriks kekakuan global elemen 2 (AC)

 386.8782 626.6557 -386.8782 -626.6557 


626.6557 1015.0414 -626.6557 -1015.0414 
kg2 := T22 k2 T2 = 
 -386.8782 -626.6557 386.8782 
626.6557
 -626.6557 -1015.0414 
 626.6557 1015.0414 

Perhitungan Matriks kekakuan global elemen 3 (BC)

 1995.0125 0 -1995.0125 0 

0 0 0 0
kg3 := T33 k3 T3 = 
 -1995.0125 0 1995.0125 0
 
 0 0 0 0
4. Menyusun matriks kekakuan global struktur [kg]

Matriks Kekakuan Global Elemen 1 ; noda 1 dan noda 2

u1 v1 u2 v2
u1
 395.6058 -789.3129 -395.6058 789.3129
-789.3129 1574.8375 789.3129 -1574.8375  v1
kg1 = 
 -395.6058 789.3129 395.6058 -789.3129  u2
 789.3129 -1574.8375 
 -789.3129 1574.8375  v2

Matriks Kekakuan Global Elemen 2 ; noda 1 dan noda 3

u1 v1 u3 v3
u1
 386.8782 626.6557 -386.8782 -626.6557 
626.6557 1015.0414 -626.6557 -1015.0414  v1
kg2 = 
 -386.8782 -626.6557 386.8782 626.6557  u3
 -626.6557 -1015.0414 
 626.6557 1015.0414  v3

Matriks Kekakuan Global Elemen 3 ; noda 2 dan noda 3

u2 v2 u3 v3
u2
 1995.0125 0 -1995.0125 0 

0 0 0 0 v2
kg3 = 
 -1995.0125 0 1995.0125 0  u3
 
 0 0 0 0 v3
Matrik kekakuan global struktur [kg] adalah penjumlahan nilai dari u dan v angka
noda yang sama pada tiap kolom dan barisnya pada elemen yang memilikinya,
sebagai berikut :

u1 v1 u2 v2 v3
u3

 782.484 -162.657 -395.606 789.313 -386.878


 -626.656 u1
 -162.657 2589.879 789.313 -1574.838 -626.656 -1015.041  v1
 
[kg] =  -395.606 789.313 2390.618 -789.313 -1995.012 0  u2
 789.313 -1574.838 -789.313 1574.838 0 0  v2
 -386.878 -626.656 -1995.012 0 2381.89 626.656

  u3
 -626.656 -1015.041 0 0 626.656 1015.041 
v3

5. Analisis struktur dengan metode matriks


Menggunakan hubungan matriks kekakuan, matriks perpindahan, dan matriks gaya

{F} = [k] {U}


u1 v1 u2 v2 u3 v3
 F1 
  -162.657 -395.606 -386.878 -626.656
u1
 G1   782.484 789.313 
   -162.657 2589.879 789.313 -1574.838 -626.656 -1015.041 
v1

 F2  =   u2
   -395.606 789.313 2390.618 -789.313 -1995.012 0 
 G2   789.313 -1574.838 -789.313 1574.838 0 0  v2

F   -386.878 -626.656 -1995.012 0 2381.89 626.656


 u3
 3  
 -626.656 -1015.041 0 0 626.656 1015.041  v3
G 
 3

6. Memasukan kondisi batas gaya dan displacement

Persamaan :
{F} + {P} = [k]{U}

Pada join 1 : Perletakan sendi dapat menahan gaya horizontal dan vertikal
sehingga u1 = 0 dan v1 = 0
Pada join 2 : Perletakan sendi dapat menahan gaya horizontal dan vertikal
sehingga u2 = 0 dan v2 = 0
Pada join 3 : Batang bebas sehingga u3 = 0 dan v3 = 0

 F1   0   F1 
 G1   0   G1 
     
 F2   0   F2 
{F} + {P} =  G2  +  0  =  G2 
 F3   -2.05   -2.05 
     
 G3   -2.05   -2.05 
Sehingga
{F} + {P} = [k]{U}

u1 v1 u2 v2 u3 v3

 F1   782.484 -162.657 -395.606 789.313 -386.878


 -626.656 0
 G1   -162.657 0
2589.879 789.313 -1574.838 -626.656 -1015.041   
    0
 F2  =  -395.606 789.313 2390.618 -789.313 -1995.012 0  0
 G2   789.313 -1574.838 -789.313 1574.838 0 0  u 
 -2.05   -386.878 -626.656 -1995.012 0 2381.89 626.656
  3
    v 
 0   -626.656 -1015.041 0 0 626.656 1015.041 
 3

7. Kelompokkan berdasarkan derajat kebebasan (Rearrangement)

 -2.05   2381.89 626.656 -1995.012 0 -386.878 -626.656   u3 


 0   626.656 1015.041 0 0 -626.656 -1015.041   
     v3 
 F1  =  -386.878 -626.656 -395.606 789.313 782.484 -162.657   
 G1   -626.656 -1015.041 789.313 -1574.838 -162.657 2589.879  0
 F2   -1995.012 0 2390.618 -789.313 -395.606 789.313
 0
    0
 G2   0 0 -789.313 1574.838 789.313 -1574.838   
0

8. Mencari vector displacement

 -2.05 =  2381.89 626.656   u3   2381.89 626.656 


      El1 :=  
 0   626.656 1015.041   v3   626.656 1015.041 
 

Penyelesaian invers menggunakan eliminasi gauss

-1
=
 0.0005 -0.0003 
El1 
 -0.0003 0.0012 
Sehingga, vektor displacement adalah sebagai berikut

-1
 u3   2381.89 626.656   -2.05 
  =    
 v3   626.656 1015.041   0 
 

 u3   0.0005 -0.0003   -2.05 


  =    
 v3   -0.0003 0.0012   0 
 

 u3   -82000 
  =  17   -4823.5294 
 v3    =  
   -20500   -1205.8824 
 17 

9. Hitung reaksi perletakan pada join 1 dan 2

Pada Join 1

 F1   -386.878 -626.656    -4823.5294   2621790.8485 


     =  
KN
 G1  =  -626.656 -1015.041   -1205.8824   4246713.7169 
  KN

Pada Join 2

 F2   2390.618 -789.313    -4823.5294  =  -10579397.5524 


      
KN
 G2  =  -789.313 1571   -1205.8824   1912833.2109 
  KN

10. Hitung gaya dalam masing-masing elemen

Gaya dalam elemen 1 ; noda 1 dan noda 2

 F1   0   0 
 
 G1  0 0
T1  kg1   = 
  = 0 0 
 F2  0 0 
G     
 2
Gaya dalam elemen 2 ; noda 1 dan noda 3

 F1 
   0   4990827.7453 
 G1  0 0
  = T2  kg2   = 
 F3   -4823.5294   -4990827.7453 
G   -1205.8824   
   -0 
 3

Gaya dalam elemen 3 ; noda 2 dan 3

 F1 
   0   9623001.2968 
 G1  0 0
  = T3  kg3   = 
 F3   -4823.5294   -9623001.2968 
G   -1205.8824   
   0 
 3

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