AKSHAYA ACADEMY CBSE SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL, ODDANCHATRAM

Topic: ACIDS, BASES & SALTS

CLASS: 10th IIT SUBJECT: CHEMISTRY WORKSHEET

1. Jyothish Kumar took sulphur powder on a spatula and heated it. He

collected the gas evolved by inverting a test tube over it as shown in Figure
below: 2M
(a) What will be the action of gas on
(i) dry litmus paper? (ii) moist litmus paper
(b) Write a balanced chemical reaction for the reaction taking place.

2. Arrange the following in the increasing order of pH values according to given

pH scale. 1M

(a) NaOH solution (b) Blood (c) Lemon juice (d) Milk of magnesia
(a). C < B < D < A (b) A < B < C < D (c) D < C < B < A (d) A < B < D <
C
3. (a) An element X on reacting with oxygen forms an oxide X2O . The oxide
dissolves in water and turns blue. 1M
litmus red. Predict the nature of the element whether metal or non-metal.
(b) A solution of copper sulphate was kept in an iron pot. After few days,
the pot developed some holes in it. How will your account for this? 1M
4. Three solutions A, B and C have pH values of 6, 2 and 10 respectively. Which
of the solutions is highly acidic? Which solution will turn red litmus blue? 1M
Following questions (Q. No- 5 to 8) consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and
Reason (R). Answerthese questions selecting the appropriate option given below: 4M
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
(e) Both are False
5. Assertion (A): Weak acids have low electrical conductivity.
Reason (R): Strong acids and weak acids have equal concentration of hydrogen ions in
theirsolutions.
6. Assertion (A): Pure water is neither acidic nor basic.
Reason (R): The pH of a solution is inversely proportional to the concentration of
hydrogenions in it.
7. Assertion (A): During electrolysis of concentrated aqueous solution of sodium
chloride, hydrogen is produced at anode and chlorine gas is produced at
cathode.
Reason (R): Ions get attracted to oppositely charged electrodes.
8. Assertion: pH = 7 signifies pure water.
Reason: pH of acetic acid is greater than 7.
9. What happens when a solution of an acid is mixed with a solution of a base in a test
tube? 1M
(i). Temperature of the solution decreases
(ii). Temperature of the solution increases
(iii). Temperature of the solution remains the same
(iv). Salt formation takes place
a). (i) and (iv) b. (i) and (iii) c). (ii) only d) (ii) and (iv)
10. When hydrogen chloride gas is prepared on a humid day, the gas is usually passed
through the guard tube containing calcium chloride. The role of calciumchloride taken in
the guard tube is to 1M
a. Absorb the evolved gas
b. Moisten the gas
c. Absorb moisture from the gas
d. Absorb Cl- ions from the evolved gas
11. Which one of the following salts does not contain water of crystallization? 1M
a. Blue vitriol
b. Baking soda
c. Washing soda
d. Gypsum
12. Farmers neutralise the effect of Acidity on the soil by adding – 1M
(A) Slaked lime
(B) Gypsum
(C) Caustic soda
(D) Baking soda
13. An aqueous solution turns the red litmus solution blue. Excess addition of
which of the following solutions would reverse the change? 1M
(A) Baking powder
(B) Lime
(C) Ammonium hydroxide solution
(D) Hydrochloric acid
1. The image shows the pH values of four solutions on a pH scale. 1M

Which solutions are alkaline in nature?

(A) A and B (B) B and C (C) C and D (D) A and D
2. The apparatus given in the adjoining figure was set up to demonstrate electrical
conductivity.1M

Which of the following statement(s) is (are) correct?

(i) Bulb will not glow because electrolyte is not acidic.
(ii) Bulb will glow because HCl is a strong acid and furnishes ions for conduction.
(iii) Bulb will not glow because circuit is incomplete.
(iv) Bulb will not glow because it depends upon the type of electrolytic solution.
(a) (i) and (iii) (b) (ii) and (iv) (c) (ii) only (d) (iv) only
3. In terms of acidic strength, which one of the following is in the correct increasing
order?1M
(a) Water < Acetic acid < Hydrochloric acid
(b) Water < Hydrochloric acid < Acetic acid
(c) Acetic acid < Water < Hydrochloric acid
(d) Hydrochloric acid < Water < Acetic acid
4. What is formed when zinc reacts with sodium hydroxide? 1M
(a) Zinc hydroxide and sodium (b) Sodium zincate and hydrogen gas
(c) Sodium zinc-oxide and hydrogen gas (d) Sodium zincate and water
5. Sodium carbonate is a basic salt because it is a salt of a 1M
(a) strong acid and strong base (b) weak acid and weak base
(c) strong acid and weak base (d) weak acid and strong base
6. Which of the following statements is correct about an aqueous solution of an acid and of
a base? 1M
(i) Higher the pH, stronger the acid (ii) Higher the pH, weaker the acid
(in) Lower the pH, stronger the base (iv) Lower the pH, weaker the base
(a) (i) and (iii) (b) (ii) and (iii) (c) (i) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iv)
7. A dry pellet of a common base B when kept in open absorbs moisture and turns
sticky. The compound is also formed by chlor-alkali process. Identify B. What type
of reaction occurs when B is treated with dilute hydrochloric acid? Write the
chemical equation. 2M OR
Tooth enamel is one of the hardest substances in our body. How does it
undergo damage due to eating chocolates and sweets? How do tooth pastes
prevent this damage? 2M
8. A calcium compound which is a yellowish white powder is used as a disinfectant
and also in textile industry. Name the compound. Which gas is released when
this compound is left exposed to air? 2M OR
An element reacts with air (oxygen) to form its oxide. When dissolved
in water the solution turns red litmus blue. Is it a metal or a non-metal? Justify
your answer.2M
9. Explain why sodium hydroxide solution cannot be kept in aluminium
containers? Write equation for the reaction that may take for the same. 2M OR
How does the enamel of the teeth undergo damage due to the eating of
chocolates and sweets? What should be done to prevent it. 2M
10. A metal compound A reacts with dilute sulphuric acid to produce a gas which
extinguishes a burning candle. Identify the compound A and the gas produced. Write
a balanced chemical equation for the reaction if one of the compounds formed in the
reaction is sodium sulphate. 2M OR
A student dropped few pieces of marble in dilute hydrochloric acid,
contained in a test tube. The evolved gas was then passed through lime water. What
change would be observed in lime water? What will happen if excess of gas is passed
through lime water? Write balanced chemical equations for all the changes
observed.
11. The soil in a field is highly acidic. List any two materials which can be added
to this soil to reduce its acidity. Give the reason of your choice. 1M OR
Explain why an aqueous solution of sodium sulphate is neutral while an
aqueous solution of sodium carbonate is basic in nature. 1M

TEST YOURSELF WORKSHEET

S.No ACID BASE SALT Name of the SALT Nature of the SALT
(PH)
1 HCl NaOH
2 H2CO3 NaOH
3 H2SO4 KOH
4 HNO3 Ca(OH)2
5 HNO3 NaOH
6 HCl NH4OH
7 H2CO3 NH4OH
 8 H2SO4 NaOH
9 H2SO4 Ca(OH)2
10 H2SO4 Mg(OH)2
11 H2SO4 Cu(OH)2
12 HCl KOH
13 CH3COOH NaOH
14 H2SO4 Cu(OH)2
15 HCl Ca(OH)2

The reaction between carbon dioxide and calcium hydroxide (lime water), Calcium
hydroxide, which is a base, reacts with carbon dioxide to produce a salt and water. Since this
is similar to the reaction between a base and an acid, we can conclude that non-metallic
oxides are acidic in nature.
Based on the above paragraph answer the following questions:
i) What is the nature of Carbon dioxide?
ii) Give another reaction of non- metallic oxide and a base?
iii) Arrange the following bases in increasing order: NaOH, Ca(OH) 2 & Mg(OH)2.
iv) Write the complete reaction between calcium hydroxide and carbon dioxide with
physical states?
v) What is the nature of non- metallic oxide?
CASE STUDY: 2
Take solutions of glucose, alcohol, hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, etc. Fix two nails on a
cork, and place the cork in a 100 mL beaker. Connect the nails to the two terminals of a 6-volt
battery through a bulb and a switch, as shown in. Now pour some dilute HCl in the beaker and
switch on the current. Repeat with dilute sulphuric acid. What do you observe? Repeat the
experiment separately with glucose and alcohol solutions. What do you observe now? Does the
bulb glow in all cases?
Following the above paragraph, answer the following questions;
i) What was the changes occurring in case of acids i.e. HCl, H2SO4?
ii) Why do glucose and alcohol do not conduct electricity?
iii) Why do acids do not show acidic behaviour in absence of water?
iv) Does rain water or distilled water will conduct electricity?
V) Why does aqueous solution of acids conduct electricity?
CASE STUDY: 3
Plaster of Paris
On heating gypsum at 373 K, it loses water molecules and becomes calcium sulphate
hemihydrate (CaSO4. ½ H2O). This is called Plaster of Paris plaster of Paris is a white powder
and on mixing with water, it changes to gypsum once again giving a hard solid mass.
Water of crystallisation is the fixed number of water molecules present in one formula unit of
a salt. Five water molecules are present in one formula unit of copper sulphate. Chemical
formula for hydrated copper sulphate is CuSO4. 5H2O. Now you would be able to answer the
question whether the molecule of Na2CO3.10H2O is wet.
Answer the following questions on the basis of the above paragraph:
i) What is the molecular formula of gypsum?
ii) Write the equation of formation of plaster of Paris by heating gypsum?
iii) What are the uses of Plaster of Paris?
iv) Give the equation when POP is mixed with water?
v) What does this 2 denotes in CaSO4. 2H2O?
CASE STUDY: 4
Sodium hydroxide When electricity is passed through an aqueous solution of sodium chloride
(called brine), it decomposes to form sodium hydroxide. The process is called the chlor-alkali
process because of the products formed– chlor for chlorine and alkali for sodium hydroxide.
Based on the above given information, answer the following questions:
i) Write the chemical equation involved in this process?
ii) What are the substance that are formed at anode and cathode on chlor- alkali
process?
iii) What are the uses of chlorine?
iv) Where does the sodium hydroxide solution is formed?
V) What are the uses of Sodium hydroxide?
CASE STUDY: 5
Salts of a strong acid and a strong base are neutral with pH value of 7. On the other hand, salts
of a strong acid and weak base are acidic with pH value less than 7 and those of a strong base
and weak acid are basic in nature, with pH value more than 7.
Answer the following in reference to the above paragraph:
i) Classify the following as strong bases and weak bases: KOH, NaOH, CsOH, NH4OH
ii) Write a reaction of a strong acid and a weak base?
iii) What happens when strong acids and bases react to each other? Explain by giving
example.
iv) Identify the following as strong acid: CH3COOH, H2SO4, HNO3, H3PO4, H2CO3, HCl.
v) Classify the following acids as strong or weak acid: acetic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid,
oxalic acid.
CASE STUDY: 6
A scale for measuring hydrogen ion concentration in a solution, called pH scale has been
developed. The p in pH stands for ‘potenz’ in German, meaning power. On the pH scale we
can measure pH generally from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very alkaline). pH should be thought of
simply as a number which indicates the acidic or basic nature of a solution. Higher the
hydronium ion concentration, lower is the pH value.
Answer the following on the basis of above paragraph:
i) What does the scale represent when pH value increases from 7 to 14?
ii) What is the pH value of milk of magnesia?
iii) What are the important of pH in everyday life?
iv) What happens when the pH of mouth is lower than 5.5?
V) Two solutions X&Y. The pH of X is 4 and the pH of Y is 7. What is the nature of two
solution?