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International Journal
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International Journal of Recent Scientific Research Research
Vol. 6, Issue, 5, pp.4159-4161, May, 2015
ISSN: 0976-3031
RESEARCH ARTICLE
A REVIEW ON NOISE REDUCTION OF BRUSHED D.C. MOTOR
Utkarsh Pateriya*, Ajay Srivastava, Rajiv Singh and Birendra Vikram Singh
GB Pant University of Agriculture & Technology Pantnagar-263145, Uttarakhand, India

ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT

Article History: Speed of the Brushed DC motors can be varied by changing the operating voltage or the strength of the
Received 5th, April, 2015 magnetic field. Depending on the connections of the field to the power supply, the speed and torque
Received in revised form 12th, characteristics of a brushed motor can be altered to provide steady speed or speed inversely proportional to
April, 2015 the mechanical load. The electrical noise generated by a DC motor falls into two
Accepted 6th, May, 2015 categories electromagnetic interference (RF interference) and the electrical noise generated on the power
Published online 28th, rail. This paper deals with the techniques to reduce the noise reduction of Brushed DC motor. The RF
May, 2015 interference can couple into other portions of the circuit and cause circuit malfunction and performance
degradation. The motor induced RF noise can significantly decrease the usable RF range. Reduction in the
level of RF interference, motors should be placed as far away from sensitive circuits as physically
possible. Motor’s metal casing typically provides enough shielding capability for reducing the over-the-air
Key words:
RF interference, but an extra metal enclosure should provide much better RF interference reduction
capability. To reduce the level of RF interference, motors should be placed as far away from sensitive
Brushed DC Motor, RF circuits as physically possible, for more reduction extra metal enclosure should also be provided. We also
Interference, Low Pass Filter, found that for suppressing RF interference in case of common mode interference, simple LC low pass
Speed Controller and H-Bridge. filter is incorporated. Elimination of other electrical noises is also done by attaching motor with simple
speed controller. Higher order LC filters can further improve the noise-filtering performance.

Copyright © Utkarsh Pateriya et al., This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

INTRODUCTION
A brushed DC motor is an internally commutated electric
motor designed to be run from a direct current power source.
Brushed motors were the first commercially important
application of electric power to driving mechanical loads, and
DC distribution systems were used for more than 100 years to
operate motors in commercial and industrial buildings. A
conventional brushed DC Motor consist basically of two parts,
the stationary body of the motor called the Stator and the inner
part which rotates producing the movement called
the Rotor or“ Armature” for DC machines.

Brushed DC motors can be varied in speed by changing the

operating voltage or the strength of the magnetic field.
Depending on the connections of the field to the power supply,
the speed and torque characteristics of a brushed motor can be
altered to provide steady speed or speed inversely proportional
to the mechanical load. Brushed motors continue to be used for
electrical propulsion, cranes, paper machines and steel rolling
mills.

Since the brushes wear down and require

replacement, brushless DC motors using power electronic
devices have displaced brushed motors from many
applications.
Fig.1 Brushed DC motor

*Corresponding author: Utkarsh Pateriya

GB Pant University of Agriculture & Technology Pantnagar-263145, Uttarakhand, India
 Utkarsh Pateriyaet al., Environment: A Review on Noise Reduction of Brushed D.C. Motor

In the above diagram to the right, it shows that commutator RF interference than a carefully designed more powerful
supplies electric current externally, also when electric current motor. The required equipments will be Simple LC low pass
flows through the coil, magnetic field B produces force F filter and Metal Enclosure
which in-turn produces the torque which turns the DC Motor.
Brushed motors tend to generate a lot of noise (both acoustical Eliminating Electrical Noises
and electrical), and the electrical noise can interfere with RF
circuits and even logic circuits if not isolated properly, leading Another source of electrical noise comes from the power rail.
to erratic behaviours. This kind of noise-induced erratic Since power supply has a non-zero internal resistance, the non
behavior can sometimes be very hard to trace and debug. constant motor current flow during each rotation period would
The electrical noise generated by a DC motor falls into two translate into voltage ripples across the power terminals. The
categories electromagnetic interference (RF interference) and equipments are Oscilloscope, Capacitor of Capacitance>1 milli
the electrical noise generated on the power rail. Farad, 4 AA NiMh battery with no filter, Simple LC low pass
filter (capacitance=100 nano farad, Choke=10mH), Simple
Electromagnetic radiation can be difficult to diagnose, as EMI Speed Controller and H-Bridge.
can often manifest itself in ways that are hard to detect. Users
can run tests for weeks or months without realizing that EMI is RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
degrading the accuracy of measurements. Once an issue has
been detected, it can be difficult to distinguish EMI from other DC motor due to its high revolving speed can cause noise
noise sources.Radio Frequency Interference or EMI during its operation. In particular, the DC motor used in various
Interference is disturbance that affects an electrical circuit due applications can give discomfort to users due to noise, therefore
to either electromagnetic induction or electromagnetic radiation it is necessary to rectify this problem.For reducing RF
emitted from an external source. The disturbance may Interference motors should be placed as far away from
interrupt, obstruct, the effective performance of the circuit. sensitive circuits as physically possible. Motor’s metal casing
These effects can range from a simple degradation of typically provides enough shielding capability for reducing the
machine. The source may be any object, artificial or natural, over-the-air RF interference, but an extra metal enclosure
that carries rapidly changing electrical currents, such as should provide much better RF interference reduction
an electrical circuit, the Sun or the Northern Lights. This paper capability. It is important that in either case, the metal casing
deals with the techniques to reduce the noise reduction of (either the motor casing or the metal enclosure) should be
Brushed DC motor. properly grounded (e.g. via ground strap at a single point).

METHODS AND METHODOLOGY The RF signals generated by the motor can also be coupled into
the circuit, which forms what is known as the common mode
Noise production in Brushed DC motor interference. This type of interference cannot be eliminated by
shielding, but can be reduced effectively via a simple LC low-
When a motor runs, the commutator switches the direction of pass filter. The noise could be generated by either the brushes
the electricity that flows in the windings. Though the system (commutation). Easiest fix for brush noise (which would be
keeps the motor running, occasional spark occurs between random or 'static') is a capacitor right across the PMDC motor
brushes and commutator at the timing of the commutation. The leads, something like a 1 µF, 100V ceramic capacitor might be
spark is one of the causes of the electrical noise. Especially a good starting point.
when the motor starts from its position, comparably higher
current, flows into the windings. Higher current usually causes For further reducing the electrical noise, further filtering at the
higher noise. Also the similar noise happens when brushes power source is needed. Typically, this is done by adding a
stays unstable on the surface of the commutator, the input to larger capacitor (e.g. 1000uF and above) across the power
the motor is much higher than expected and so on. Other factor terminals to lower the effective resistance of the power supply
may be an insulation created on the commutator surface, which and thus improve transient response. The Fig. 1 and 2 show a
results in unstable flow of the electricity. couple of typical circuits for filtering out motor electric noise.

Reduction of RF interference

The RF interference can couple into other portions of the

circuit and cause circuit malfunction and performance
degradation. The motor induced RF noise can significantly
decrease the usable RF range.

The level of RF interference is dependent on various factors ie

type of the motor (brushed or brushless), driving waveform and
load can all impact the severity of the RF interference.
Typically, brushed motors generate more RF interference than
their brushless counterparts. But the design of the motor, Fig. 2 Motor with simple Speed Controller
regardless of the type, also affects the RF leakage greatly. A
The above filtering scheme is used for uni directional motor
small brushed motor can sometimes generate magnitudes more
driving circuit.
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 International Journal of Recent Scientific Research Vol. 6, Issue, 5, pp.4159-4161, May, 2015

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How to cite this article:
Utkarsh Pateriya et al., Environment: A Review on Noise Reduction of Brushed D.C. Motor. International Journal of
Recent Scientific Research Vol. 6, Issue, 5, pp.4159-4161, May, 2015

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