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    Chapter - 3 Rapidly Varied Flow

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    Abdulrasheed Bashir
    The document discusses rapidly varied flow and hydraulic jumps. [1] Rapidly varied flow occurs due to sudden changes in flow properties over short distances. [2] Hydraulic jumps form when the flow transitions from supercritical to subcritical. [3] Energy is dissipated through hydraulic jumps, which are used in industrial applications like spillways.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Chapter - 3 Rapidly Varied Flow

    Uploaded by

    Abdulrasheed Bashir
    65 views8 pages
    The document discusses rapidly varied flow and hydraulic jumps. [1] Rapidly varied flow occurs due to sudden changes in flow properties over short distances. [2] Hydraulic jumps form when the flow transitions from supercritical to subcritical. [3] Energy is dissipated through hydraulic jumps, which are used in industrial applications like spillways.

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    The document discusses rapidly varied flow and hydraulic jumps. [1] Rapidly varied flow occurs due to sudden changes in flow properties over short distances. [2] Hydraulic jumps form when the flow transitions from supercritical to subcritical. [3] Energy is dissipated through hydraulic jumps, which are used in industrial applications like spillways.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    65 views8 pages

    Chapter - 3 Rapidly Varied Flow

    Uploaded by

    Abdulrasheed Bashir
    The document discusses rapidly varied flow and hydraulic jumps. [1] Rapidly varied flow occurs due to sudden changes in flow properties over short distances. [2] Hydraulic jumps form when the flow transitions from supercritical to subcritical. [3] Energy is dissipated through hydraulic jumps, which are used in industrial applications like spillways.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 8

    CHAPTER – 3

    RAPIDLY VARIED FLOW


    1. Identify the type of flow.

    2. Flow developed due to sudden transition is


    a) Gradually varied flow
    b) Spatially varied flow
    c) Rapidly varied flow
    d) Uniform flow

    3. Hydraulic jump is observed in _______


    a) Closed channel flow
    b) Open channel flow
    c) Flow changes
    d) Volumetric changes

    4. For a given discharge in a horizontal frictionless channel two depths may have the
    same specific force. These two depths are known as
    a. Specific depths
    b. Sequent depths
    c. Alternate depths
    d. Normal depth and critical depth

    DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING


    16CE211 - APPLIED HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING & FLUID MACHINERY
    5. Observe the picture & Define it.

    6. Compare & Contrast gradually varied flow and rapidly varied flow with a neat sketch.

    Gradually Varied Flow Rapidly Varied Flow


    i. i.

    ii. ii.

    iii. iii.

    DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING


    16CE211 - APPLIED HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING & FLUID MACHINERY
    7. Development of surges in the open channel is

    a. Gradually varied flow

    b. Rapidly varied flow

    c. Steady flow

    d. Normal flow

    8. From experiments, Length of Hydraulic jump for a rectangular channel is equal to

    _________ times the height of the hydraulic jump.

    9. Classify the hydraulic jumps based on Froude’s number,

    Types of hydraulic jump

    10. Write the expression for loss of energy due to hydraulic jump

    11. Figure out the sequence of flow

    DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING


    16CE211 - APPLIED HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING & FLUID MACHINERY
    12. The most typical cases for the location of hydraulic jump are:

    i.

    ii.

    iii.

    iv.

    13. Write the missing terms in the calculation of energy dissipation due to hydraulic

    jump.

    14. For a given discharge in a horizontal frictionless channel two depths may have the
    same specific force. These two depths are known as
    a. Specific depths
    b. Sequent depths
    c. Alternate depths
    d. Normal depth and critical depth

    DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING


    16CE211 - APPLIED HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING & FLUID MACHINERY
    15. Match the following

    Depth of Hydraulic Jump Type of Jump

    i. 2-3 a. Stable

    ii. 3-6 b. Strong

    iii. 6-12 c. Weak

    iv. 12-20 d. Oscillating

    16. When the hydraulic jump is in a moving form it is called _________

    a) Negative surge

    b) Positive surge

    c) Turbulent surge

    d) Accelerated surge

    17. Write the expression to calculate the depth of hydraulic jump in terms of upstream

    Froude number

    18. Locate the hydraulic jump in the below figure & calculate the depth of hydraulic

    jump

    DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING


    16CE211 - APPLIED HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING & FLUID MACHINERY
    19. Changes in the behaviour of the jump can be observed by changing the _______

    a) Temperature

    b) Pressure

    c) Flow rate

    d) Volumetric changes

    20. Where is hydraulic jump used in industrial applications?

    a) Spillways

    b) Pipes

    c) Pumps

    d) Filters

    21. Shooting flow can never occur

    a. Directly after a hydraulic jump

    b. In a horizontal channel

    c. In a mild slope channel

    d. In a steep slope channel

    22.Explain the image in your own perspective.

    Explanation:

    DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING


    16CE211 - APPLIED HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING & FLUID MACHINERY
    23.Cite few examples of Rapidly varied flow.

    a)

    b)

    24. Classical jump occurs when________

    a) Temperature changes

    b) Pressure changes

    c) Supercritical to subcritical change

    d) Volumetric changes

    25. Energy is not conserved throughout the hydraulic jump.

    a) True

    b) False

    26. A 2.0 m wide reactngular channel has a discharge of 0.350m 3/s.Find the height of a

    rectangular weir spanning the full width of the channel that can be used to pass this

    discharge whiule maintaining an upstream depth of 0.850m.

    DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING


    16CE211 - APPLIED HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING & FLUID MACHINERY
    27.A circular culvert of 2.0 m diameter carries a discharge of 3.0m 3/s. If the

    supercritical depth in a hydraulic jump occurring in this channel is 0.55 m. determine

    the sequent depth .Assume horizontal frictionless channel.

    28.Show that the Froude numbers F1 and F2 in a hydraulic jump occurring in a

    rectangular channels are related by ….

    DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING


    16CE211 - APPLIED HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING & FLUID MACHINERY

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