Extended Abstract Group No:

________
CHEMERGENCE-2022
Department of Chemical Engineering, Nirma University
Date, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

FUEL CELL AND GREEN HYDROGEN

Dhruvi Rathore, Yatharth Agrawal, Dr.Shibu Pillai
Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Technology, Nirma University, 21bch015@nirmauni.ac.in

Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Technology, Nirma University, 21bch002@nirmauni.ac.in

Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Technology, Nirma University, shibu.pillai@nirmauni.ac.in

Keywords: Up to maximum 5-8 keywords written in 10 font size of Times New Roman.
1. Introduction 2.2 Method

GREEN HYDROGEN
Green Hydrogen is emerging as one of the best options to
store energy with renewables from hydrogen based fuels
potentially transporting energy from renewables over long
distances, from abundant regions to regions 1000km away.
Green Hydrogen is produced by renewable energy to power
Electrolysis of water.Green Hydrogen has a scope in many
industries such as Transportation, Heating, Natural Gas
Industry and Green Ammonia Production.
FUEL CELL
Fuel cells work on the principle of electrochemistry.It is a
factory that transforms chemical energy to electrical energy Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of ethanol reforming and
through a pair of redox reactions.Fuel cells require a hydrogen production by micro plasma
continuous supply of fuel and oxygen to sustain the
chemical reaction and thus produce continuous energy. 2.2.1 Preparation of ethanol

2. Production of Green Hydrogen from Bioethanol During the preparation stage, the ethanol aqueous solution
is prepared according to the experimental requirements.
2.1 Materials The volume flow of ethanol aqueous solution is controlled
This process includes ethanol aqueous solution sampling, by a peristaltic pump.
flow control, the mixture of carrier gas and ethanol aqueous 2.2.2 Production of various gases
solution, the product gas flow, the gas cooling, and the
collection of condensed liquid.The reaction device for the Under the carrier gas, the liquid enters the micro plasma
plasma the ends of the reactor are connected with the reactor and performs the reforming reaction. In the
electrodes of the alternating current power supply. The discharge process, a large number of plasma and many
material of the outerwall of the reactor is made of quartz other active substances (high energy electrons, free
glass. The reactor is 66 mm in length and 7 mm in radicals, and excited molecules) react with ethanol aqueous
diameter. Two electrodes in the reactor are 29.5 mm long, solution and generating many kinds of products (H2, CO,
3.1 mm in diameter, 4.2 mm in electrode spacing, and 160 C2H4, C2H6, C2H2, CO2, and CH4).
mm3 in micro-plasma reaction region. The reaction devices
are, respectively, provided with two gas ducts with upward
and downward directions,respectively, the inlet and outlet
of the gas and ethanol water solution and all are 5.5 mm
long.

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Extended Abstract Group No:
________
CHEMERGENCE-2022
Department of Chemical Engineering, Nirma University
Date, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

Table 1: Surface energy and its polar and dispersion

components of glass and hair surface using OWR method

It can be seen from Table 1 that the surface energy of hair

is lesser than……

3.3 Surfactant adsorption at air-water interface

Fig. 2 Schematic diagram of microplasma reactor Adsorption of surfactant at air-water interface strongly
reduces the surface tension by replacing the water
2.2.3 Analysis of the products molecules at the interface with the surfactant molecules.
The surface tension values of TX-100 solution versus
The cooled liquid is collected, and the remaining gas is logarithm of concentrations are presented in Figure 2.
passed through the condenser pipe into the GC–MS to carry
out the analysis of the gas composition.Also,ethanol Figure 2: Change in surface tension (mN/m) with
conversion rate, gas product selectivity, and hydrogen logarithm of concentration (Log C) of TX-100 solution.
production energy consumption are evaluated.
The concentration of surfactant or surface excess
3. Results and Discussion concentration at the air-water interface may be calculated
from surface tension data by use of the appropriate Gibbs
3.1 Characterization of glass and hair surface equation as given below.

Characterization of glass and hair surface was performed 1 dγ

by Atomic force microscopy (AFM) to study the surface Ґ=
2.303 nRT dLogC
irregularity or roughness. The surface roughness of both the
(6)
surfaces was calculated from the AFM images using
SpmLab analysis software…..
where n=1 for nonionic surfactant, R is universal gas
constant (R=8.314 J mol-1 K-1) and T is absolute
Figure 1: AFM generated image of surface topography of dγ
temperature in K. By putting the slope ( ) of a plot
(a) glass and (b) hair surfaces obtained from backward dLogC
height mode and height profile of the surface along the z- of surface tension versus Log C in equation (6), surface
axis. excess is calculated as 2.31 (mol/m 2 × 106). The minimum
surface area per surfactant molecules can also be calculated
3.2 Surface energy of glass and hair surfaces by putting the value of calculated Ґ in equation (7) where
NA is Avogadro number (6.023×1023).
In this study, total surface energy in form of polar and 1
dispersion component has been determined using the two Amin =
N A Ґ max
liquids model, widely known as Owens-Wendt-Kaelble
model. The theoretical basis of this approach is the Young– (7)
Dupre equation represented as
WA=γs (cosθ+1) (1) Thus, the area per surfactant molecule at the interface
obtained is ………
where γs is the surface energy of solid and θ is the contact
angle. In this model, the work of adhesion W A can be
expressed in terms of the polar and dispersion components
of the surface energy as 4. Conclusion
WA=2[(γld)(γsd)]1/2 + 2[(γlp)(γsp)]1/2 (2)
The wettability of glass and hair surfaces by
Triton X-100 solution has been studied by sessile drop
technique. The study elucidates that the wetting properties

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Extended Abstract Group No:
________
CHEMERGENCE-2022
Department of Chemical Engineering, Nirma University
Date, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

strongly depend on surface tension and interfacial tension Proceedings of XXVIII International Mineral
at air-water and solid-water interface respectively. The plot Processing Congress, Quebec, pp. 27–39.
between contact angle and logarithm of concentration (Log
C) shows the dependency of the contact angle on both the
(Reference to a Book)
surfaces significantly …….
[3] Exerova, D.E., Kruglyakov, P.M., 1998. Foams and
References Foam Films: Theory, Experiment, Application.
Elsevier Press, Amsterdam.
(Reference to a Journal Publication)

[1] Pyke, B., Fornasiero, D., Ralston, J., 2003. Bubble

particle heterocoagulation under turbulent conditions.
J. Colloid Interface Sci. 265, 141–151.

(Reference to a Conference Proceedings)

[2] Safari, M., Harris, M.C., Deglon, D.A., 2016. The

effect of energy input on the flotation of a platinum ore
in a pilot-scale oscillating grid flotation cell. In:

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3
Extended Abstract Group No:
________
CHEMERGENCE-2022
Department of Chemical Engineering, Nirma University
Date, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

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research questions.

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Extended Abstract Group No:
________
CHEMERGENCE-2022
Department of Chemical Engineering, Nirma University
Date, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

Reference:
Give reference to the sources according to the format given in the template. Refer to at least 4 sources.

(Reference to a Journal Publication)

Pyke, B., Fornasiero, D., Ralston, J., 2003. Bubble particle heterocoagulation under turbulent conditions. J. Colloid Interface
Sci. 265, 141–151.

(Reference to a Conference Proceedings)

Safari, M., Harris, M.C., Deglon, D.A., 2016. The effect of energy input on the flotation of a platinum ore in a pilot-scale
oscillating grid flotation cell. In: Proceedings of XXVIII International Mineral Processing Congress, Quebec, pp. 27–39.

(Reference to a Book)
Exerova, D.E., Kruglyakov, P.M., 1998. Foams and Foam Films: Theory, Experiment, Application. Elsevier Press, Amsterdam.