APA Scavenger Hunt Purdue OWL
APA Scavenger Hunt Purdue OWL
APA Scavenger Hunt Purdue OWL
February 6, 2023
ENGL 3109-91
1. When using MLA or APA, what are the two types of citations you must provide? (Hint: Look at the first
two headers in this assignment.)
Based on the hint given the two types of citations recommended are in-text citations and
reference page citations.
2. Generally, what information goes in an in-text citation using APA? (Hint: APA Formatting and Style 7 th
Ed. In-text Citations: The Basics)
According to the Owl website, an in-text citation using the APA format should include the
authors last name and the year of publication.
3. What do you do if a quote is 40 words or more? (Hint: APA Formatting and Style 7th Ed. In-text
Citations: The Basics)
When using a quote that is over 40 words type in its own paragraph without quotes and include
indentation while maintaining double-spacing and the parenthetical citation at the vey end of
the direct quote being used.
4. What should you do when a quote doesn’t have page numbers? (Hint: APA Formatting and Style 7th Ed.
In-text Citations: The Basics)
When the quote you are using does not have a page number you should use the chapter number,
the paragraph number, section number, or any specific identifiers to reference your direct
quote to.
5. What is the in-text citation format for a source with two authors? (Hint: APA Formatting and Style 7th
Ed. In-text Citations: Author/Authors)
The proper in-text format for a source with two authors is to always use both authors name each
time you are citing a quote as well as being sure to place an “and” in between the authors last
names then follow up with a comma and the year of publication.
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6. What is the in-text citation format for a source with three, four, or five or more authors? (Hint: APA
Formatting and Style 7th Ed. In-text Citations: Author/Authors)
Whenever there are 3 or more authors, like in a psychological research study published journal,
only use the first author listed last name and follow it by “et al.” Side note, be sure to include
the period after the “al.” and then use a comma before the year of publication.
7. What is the in-text citation format for a source with an unknown author? (Hint: APA Formatting and
Style 7th Ed. In-text Citations: Author/Authors)
To write an in-text citation when the author is unknown, it was discussed that you could use the
quotes title or use the first word within the quotation. If you use the first proper written
format like title of books being italicized, then you should be fine, just be sure to include the
comma and year of publication after.
8. What is the in-text citation format for an indirect source? (Hint: APA Formatting and Style 7th Ed. In-
text Citations: Author/Authors)
If you are going to use in-text citations from an indirect source, then you should name the
original source first then use the secondary source before the comma and year of publication
of the primary source. It’s just citing the sources, source.
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Getting Familiar with Reference-Page Citations
9. Where does the reference page go, and how is the title of the reference page supposed to look? (Hint:
APA Formatting and Style 7th Ed. Reference List: Basic Rules)
The reference page needs to be its own separate page with none of your essay material on it. The
title “References” needs to be in bold letters at the top of the page, centered, with there being
no need of any extra accents, like underlining.
10. In what order are sources listed on a reference page? (Hint: APA Formatting and Style 7th Ed. Reference
List: Basic Rules/Basic Rules for Most Sources)
Your references should be alphabetized according to the last name of the authors, like your call
order for any primary school awards ceremony.
11. What is done to the second, third, fourth, and so on lines of a reference? (Hint: APA Formatting and
Style 7th Ed. Reference List: Basic Rules/Basic Rules for Most Sources)
It was discussed that after the first line the rest following should be indented by one-half inch,
which is called a hanging indentation (that’s what she said) (So sorry, too much of The
Office lately)
12. What words are capitalized in journal article titles? (Hint: APA Formatting and Style 7 th Ed. Reference
List: Basic Rules/Basic Rules for Articles in Academic Journals)
All major words in the titles of journals, the first word in the titles and subtitles within the
journals, the first word after the colon, and any proper nouns need to be capitalized in journal
article titles.
13. What is the basic reference-page citation format for an article from a periodical? (Hint: APA Formatting
and Style 7th Ed. Reference List: Basic Rules/Basic Rules for Articles in Periodicals)
The basic reference-page citation format for an article from a periodical is as follows; authors
last name with their initials, semi colon, the year of publication in parentheses, period, the
articles title using the first word including capitalized proper nouns. Then the title case
followed by the volume number, with the italicized title then a comma, the page numbers,
lastly the DOI or URL of the webpage you retrieved the information from.
14. What is the reference-page format for a webpage or online content? (Hint: APA Formatting and Style 7th
Ed. Reference List: Electronic Sources)
The reference-page format for a webpage or online content is as follows, authors last name,
comma, authors initials, period, the year, month, and date of publication within parentheses.
Then the title of the page is italicized followed by a period, the name of the site, period, the
URL of the webpage the information was retrieved from.
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Avoiding Plagiarism and Integrating Sources Correctly and Smoothly
16. What are five types of intentional plagiarism and three types of unintentional plagiarism ? (Hint: Avoiding
Plagiarism: Plagiarism FAQs)
17. You should frequently use signal phrases or signposting when quoting and paraphrasing and especially to help
you avoid orphan quotes, which is when you put a quote in your paper but don’t tie it down with your own
writing. What does a signal phrase do? (Hint: Avoiding Plagiarism: Common Knowledge and Attribution)
18. What do you use to show that you’ve added information to a quote? (Hint: Avoiding Plagiarism: Best Practices
for Writers/Writing Direct Quotes)
19. What do you use to show that you’ve left information out of a quote? (Hint: Avoiding Plagiarism: Best
Practices for Writers/Writing Direct Quotes)
20. Do you have to provide an in-text citation for ALL quotes, paraphrases, and summaries obtained from sources?
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Putting It All Together
Read the blog below by Julia Shaw from the online magazine Scientific American last updated/published December
16, 2016 from https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/mind-guest-blog/im-a-scientist-and-i-dont-believe-in-facts/
Julia Shaw is a senior lecturer and researcher at the London South Bank University in the department of Law and Social Sciences.
I'm a scientist, and I don't believe in facts: The benefits of a post-truth society
(para. 1) They say that we have found ourselves in a world lost to emotion, irrationality, and a weakening grasp on
reality. That lies don’t faze us, and knowledge doesn’t impress us. That we are post-truth, post-fact. But, is this
actually a bad thing?
(para. 2) I’m a factual relativist. I abandoned the idea of facts and “the truth” some time last year. I wrote a whole
science book, The Memory Illusion, almost never mentioning the terms fact and truth. Why? Because much like
Santa Claus and unicorns, facts don’t actually exist. At least not in the way we commonly think of them.
(para. 3) We think of a fact as an irrefutable truth. According to the Oxford dictionary, a fact is “a thing that is
known or proved to be true.” And where does proof come from? Science?
(para. 4) Well, let me tell you a secret about science; scientists don’t prove anything. What we do is collect evidence
that supports or does not support our predictions. Sometimes we do things over and over again, in meaningfully
different ways, and we get the same results, and then we call these findings facts. And, when we have lots and lots
of replications and variations that all say the same thing, then we talk about theories or laws. Like evolution. Or
gravity. But at no point have we proved anything.
(para. 5) Don’t get me wrong. The scientific method is totally awesome. It is unparalleled in its ability to get
answers that can help us extend life, optimize output, and understand our own brains.
(para. 6) Scientists slowly break down the illusions created by our biased human perception, revealing what the
universe actually looks like. In an incremental progress, each study adds a tiny bit of insight to our understanding.
But while the magic of science should make our eyes twinkle with excitement, we can still argue that the findings
from every scientific experiment ever conducted are wrong, almost by necessity. They are just a bit more right
(hopefully) than preceding studies.
(para. 7) That’s the beauty of science. It’s inherently self-critical and self-correcting. The status quo is never good
enough. Scientists want to know more, always. And, lucky for them, there is always more to know.
You need just to look back through history to see the different iterations of facts to make this insight seem obvious.
Aristotle thought that the heart was the home of intelligence, and believed that the brain was a cooling mechanism
for it. Of course now this seems ridiculous, but give it time and I’m sure some of our facts today will seem equally
misinformed.
(para. 8) Our understanding can always be improved upon. Even if it is wrong, it doesn’t make a preceding insight
bad, it is often the necessary intermediary step to get our insight to where it is today.
So, it’s ok that society is post-fact. Facts are so last century.
(para. 9) But let’s make it our job as a society to encourage each other to find replicable and falsifiable evidence to
support our views, and to logically argue our positions. In the process, please stop saying “because, science” to
justify your argument, and using “FACT” as a preface to your statements. These are just the grown-up versions of
“because I said so.” We need to remind each other to stay on our toes and to actually backup our claims.
(para. 10) Knowledge is like Schrödinger’s cat. Simultaneously reality and delusion. Truth and lie. The role of
scientists is to slowly break into the box, listen to it, study it, so maybe, one day, we’ll find out whether our insights
are dead or alive.
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DON’T FORGET TO USE ATTRIBUTIONS OR SIGNAL PHRASES
AND TO PROVIDE SOURCE CITATIONS
AS YOU COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING TASKS.
21. Paraphrase the first line from paragraph three and then quote the second line.
22. Quote the Oxford Dictionary quote from paragraph three and cite it as an indirect source.
23. Quote the line from paragraph seven that says—“Of course now this seems ridiculous, but give it time and I’m
sure some of our facts today will seem equally misinformed”—but leave out the words “I’m sure.”
24. Use a combination of quotes and paraphrases to smoothly synthesize the following two sentences from
paragraph two together into ONE sentence—“Because much like Santa Claus and unicorns, facts don’t actually
exist. At least not in the way we commonly think of them.”
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