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    Geometry & Polarity of Molecules: Experiment # 6

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    HILLARY ELECCION
    This chemistry experiment examines the polarity and geometry of molecules through three parts: 1) Students observe that a charged object attracts a stream of water, demonstrating water's polarity due to uneven charge distribution. 2) Sodium chloride and sugar dissolve in water due to their polar nature, while nonpolar cooking oil does not dissolve. 3) Students create origami models of tetrahedral molecules like methane and octahedral molecules like sulfur hexafluoride to visualize molecular geometry and how it relates to a molecule's properties.

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    Geometry & Polarity of Molecules: Experiment # 6

    Uploaded by

    HILLARY ELECCION
    33 views3 pages
    This chemistry experiment examines the polarity and geometry of molecules through three parts: 1) Students observe that a charged object attracts a stream of water, demonstrating water's polarity due to uneven charge distribution. 2) Sodium chloride and sugar dissolve in water due to their polar nature, while nonpolar cooking oil does not dissolve. 3) Students create origami models of tetrahedral molecules like methane and octahedral molecules like sulfur hexafluoride to visualize molecular geometry and how it relates to a molecule's properties.

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    This chemistry experiment examines the polarity and geometry of molecules through three parts: 1) Students observe that a charged object attracts a stream of water, demonstrating water's polarity due to uneven charge distribution. 2) Sodium chloride and sugar dissolve in water due to their polar nature, while nonpolar cooking oil does not dissolve. 3) Students create origami models of tetrahedral molecules like methane and octahedral molecules like sulfur hexafluoride to visualize molecular geometry and how it relates to a molecule's properties.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    33 views3 pages

    Geometry & Polarity of Molecules: Experiment # 6

    Uploaded by

    HILLARY ELECCION
    This chemistry experiment examines the polarity and geometry of molecules through three parts: 1) Students observe that a charged object attracts a stream of water, demonstrating water's polarity due to uneven charge distribution. 2) Sodium chloride and sugar dissolve in water due to their polar nature, while nonpolar cooking oil does not dissolve. 3) Students create origami models of tetrahedral molecules like methane and octahedral molecules like sulfur hexafluoride to visualize molecular geometry and how it relates to a molecule's properties.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    EXPERIMENT # 6

    Geometry & Polarity of Molecules


    INTRODUCTION
    Polarity refers to the distribution of electrical charge within a molecule or compound. Polar molecules
    have a positive charge at one end and a negative charge at the other, while nonpolar molecules have a
    more evenly distributed charge. The polarity of a substance is determined by the distribution of
    electrons within the molecule. Substances that are polar tend to be more attracted to other polar
    substances and less attracted to nonpolar substances. Polarity is important because it affects the
    physical and chemical properties of a substance and how it interacts with other substances.

    PRE – LABORATORY EXERCISE


    Instructions: Answer the following questions.
    1.) Define polarity.
    2.) Draw the Lewis structure and provide its corresponding electron and molecular geometry.

    Compound Lewis Structure Electron Geometry Molecular Geometry

    Water

    Ammonia

    Methane gas

    Ethanol

    Carbon Dioxide

    3.) How does the geometry of the substance affect its polarity?
    4.) What is the general rule of polarity?

    OBJECTIVES
    • Describe the geometry of simple compounds, (STEM_GC11CB-IId-g-81)
    • Determine the polarity of simple substances, (STEM_GC11ESP-IId-g-82)
    • Determine and/or observe evidence of molecular polarity. (STEM_GC11ESP-IIc-d-66)

    MATERIALS
    • Sodium chloride • Table spoon
    • Sugar • Teaspoons
    • Cooking Oil • PVC pipe
    • Distilled Water • Balloon
    • 5 pcs clear plastic cups • Toothpicks
    • 3 pcs clean sticks • Colored paper

    15
    A Glimpse of Chemistry: The Laboratory Guide
    PROCEDURES
    I. Polarity of Water
    1. Obtain 2 clear plastic cups and position them side by side with one cup elevated 12
    inches above the other. You may use a box or holder to elevate the other cup.
    2. To the cup which is elevated, make a small hole (5-6 mm diameter) at the side in
    the lower part of the cup. The elevated cup serves as the source of the flowing water
    while the other cup serves as a receptacle to catch the water.
    3. Pour the water into the elevated plastic cup.
    4. Rub the PVC pipe against your hair or any surface so that it becomes charged.
    5. Bring the PVC pipe near the stream of water. Observe what happens to the stream
    of water.
    6. Repeat the process by using an inflated balloon and observe what happens to the
    stream of water.

    II. Solubility
    1. Obtain 3 clear plastic cups and label each cup with the following:
    i. Cup 1: NaCl + Water
    ii. Cup 2: Sugar + Water
    iii. Cup 3: Cooking oil + Water
    2. Pulverize 1 grams of the solid samples of sodium chloride and sugar. Place each
    sample to its corresponding cup.
    3. Add 1 table spoon of cooking oil to the third cup.
    4. To each of the cup, add 100 mL of water and stir using separate sticks.
    5. Observe each cup and draw and label your observations.

    III. Model Making using Origami (Geometry of Molecules)


    1. Watch the videos thru the links indicated below:
    i. Origami Tetrahedron: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QTfB3VbhKFE
    ii. Seamless Octahedron: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=phhVl-N9M4Y
    2. Make three tetrahedrons and one octahedron.
    3. Make models of tetrahedrally shaped molecules like CH4, CHCl3, SiH4 by labelling
    the ends of the tetrahedral with toothpick. You may create other molecules of your
    choice as long as you come up with three tetrahedron models. Assign colors to
    different atoms in your molecule.
    4. Make a model of an octahedrally shaped molecule like SF6 using the paper
    octahedron. You may create other octahedral molecule of your choice as long as
    you come up with one octahedron model. Assign colors to different atoms in your
    molecule.

    POST LABORATORY QUESTIONS


    I. Polarity of Water
    a. What happens to the stream of water as the charged object comes near it?
    b. Why is water attracted to a charged object?

    16
    A Glimpse of Chemistry: The Laboratory Guide
    II. Solubility
    a. Which of the following substances in the three cups dissolved in water? Why?
    b. Which of the following substance in the three cups are considered as polar substances? Why?
    c. What is the relationship between solubility and polarity?
    d. Explain the general rule “like dissolves like”.

    III. Model Making using Origami (Geometry of Molecules)


    a. Explain the relationship between the number of electron groups around a central atom and the
    molecular geometry of a molecule. Use the example of CH4 to illustrate your answer.
    b. What is the difference between electron geometry and molecular geometry?
    c. Compare and contrast the molecular geometry of H2O and CO2. How do the different
    geometries of these molecules relate to their physical properties?

    REFERENCES
    • Patalinghug, W., Camacho, V. M., Sevilla, F., & Singson, M. C. (2016). Teaching Guide for Senior
    High School General Chemistry 1. Commission on Higher Education.

    17
    A Glimpse of Chemistry: The Laboratory Guide

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