ag Cambridge Wavesanfunerarers.com International Education Cambridge IGCSE™ CANDIDATE NAME CENTRE CANDIDATE NUMBER NUMBER TRAVEL & TOURISM 0474113, Paper 1 Core Paper October/November 2022 2hours ‘You must answer on the question paper. You will need: Insert (enclosed) INSTRUCTIONS. ‘Answer all questions. Use a black or dark blue pen. Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes at the top of the page. Write your answer to each question in the space provided Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid, Do not write on any bar codes. INFORMATION ‘©The total mark for this paper is 100. ‘* The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ J ‘© The insert contains all the figures referred to in the questions, This document has 12 pages. Any blank pages are indicated bo (ux) 21973212 © UcLes 2022 [Turn overwww.dynamicpapers.com 2 1 Refer to Fig, 1.1 (Insert), information about mountain tourism, {a)_ State four different types of physical features that have become tourist destinations. 4 .,£0a8t volcanoes\ forest {b) State three ral in likely in mountain regions. avalanches (4) m S ud slides 2 earthquakes “p 8 (c)_ Explain three/ikely positive economic benefits of tourism to mountain communities. Jobs fe created so less unemployment in the area and better standard of living J Multiplier &ffect, lots of small businesses can benefit from locating near resorts 43 Government and multinationals invgst in infrastructure leading to better roads and transport, that locals benefit from (6) ce uctes 2022 oarsyistonniz2www.dynamicpapers.com 3 (d)_ Explain three likely negative environmental impacts of mountain tourism. S clearing of land to make hiking tral, ski resorts can lead to destruction of habitats 4 2 _Nalse pollution ded by tourists ving in resorts, can scare away we 3 ...censtruction to. build resorts.on. whnen sause. wn -polution, which. can. damage (6) {e) Evaluate the importance of destinatioyts developing year-round tourism. Destinations must devieop Om tourism inorder to stay in business. This is because for a --particular-industry,.tke. the SkING jndustry, maney.can.only.be.made.during tae. wintermanths, when there is snowfall, as a result the business will not be able to make money from skiing guring summer -~months.-This sa prablem because needs Je. pay rent tax and wages fori emplafens bit till not be able to ifit is not making revenue. Consequently, destinations often specializ8%in multiple things, as + aula. al... ales hada Ane.YeAr. ANd. ca, RA.Fen AN AN Wars 0 stayin usiness je uctes 2022 oarsyistoni2 [Turn overwww.dynamicpapers.com 4 2 Refer to Fig, 2.1 (Insert), a world map showing different time zones. S {a)_ Identify the following: hon the country whic is 10 hours ahead (+10) of GMT .... Australia, the continent showing a time zone 4 hours behind (4) GMT .......50ulh america ‘whether time in India would be ahead of or behind GMT .....21°2°. the country which is 8 hours ahead (+8) of GMT .....8MINARA. nnn the name of the line shown on the map 5) {b) Describe one way travelling across time zones can al can cause confusion, as they may forget to cl ternational travellers. fé the time on their watches and as a result miss meetings or appointments (2) (c)_ Explain three ways tourism organisations rely on travel and transport providers. 1 ....they.may.need to book a. certain number of seats, for a number of tourists who. booked for a holiday, 80 will need to strike a deal with an airline 2 ...fely.on.them to bring tourists from. the. aimport to their hotel... (6) je uctes 2022 oarsyistoni2www.dynamicpapers.com 5 {d) Describe three different services provided by travel agents, 1 ,tmedical insurance provided so incase you get harmed or hurt during your stay ina way “that was Our oT your conte; You Wit be compensated aie proviced with tse Heat iCare 2....,9f0X, they will offer to exchange currencies if you do not have the local curreno 3. they can arrange car hire for you, incase you need a means of transport when you are in the city (6) (e) Assess the reasons why Europe has more intemational tourist arrivals than any other continent. Qne.of the, most. prominent reasons for this.is.the.low. ravel restrictions thal exist between states in the european union, allowing european tourists to drive to any other european country without a visa, this has led to a very large number of international tourists within europe, as itis very cheap inexpensive and not lime consuming to travel to other europen ountreis Furthermore, due to the absence of major conflict in the majority of european slates, it has become a * WSiy SAS GSSURATON TOF TOUFSIS” ANG HETETOFE BSSH GUMS ALPACTIVS TOF WIA BEOPIS, AS they know they are very likely to undergo any danger during their vacation. In conclusion the most significant reason is the low travel restrictions between european states, as ‘his ‘allows many vacations for tow vost to-europeans,”this has beer the greatest contnibuter leading to a large number of international tourists. [6] (Total: 25) je uctes 2022 oarsyi34oniz2 [Turn overwww.dynamicpapers.com 6 3. Refer to Fig. 3.1 (Insert), information about domestic tourism in India, {a) Identify three types of travel expenses 4 ..998t of transport 2 3 gasl.of insurance, BI {b) Describe two ways destinations are perishable. 1 and a fixed tiie, one this time is missed, The tourist will not be able to get the experience again 2 Destinations are at risk to human and environmental destruction, for example a beach, iiight be eroded aiid not available in the future to Vist 4) {e) Explain three ways tourist boards can encourage more domestic tourism. 4 They can advertise destinations on billboards in the country to locals 2 they. can improve roads. and transport routes, so destinations are more accessible. They can reduce the taxes set on domestic destinations, to encourage more people to go to them, as price sensitive consumers will appreciate the better deals and go. [6] euctes 2022 oarsyi34oniz2www.dynamicpapers.com 7 (d) Explain one benefit of encouraging more domestic tourism to each of the following: economy of india ..more domestic tourism will result in more tickets sold to local destinatiosn, as a result ‘the GDP of India may increase social and cultural understanding _AE,people in india. visit more places. and experience. more cultures. within india, the understanding between the country will improve, and the tension and conflict between different ethnicities and backgrounds, tourism organisations Tourism organisations will be able to profit greatly, as more tickets are sold to destinations (6) {e) Evaluate the role of national governments in developing @ successful tourism destination. jational governments have a crucial role when it comes to the success of e ‘destination. Firstly they thin th se good roads ard public vanepert wil mako destinations more accossble fe reach for tourets and as a result th ‘destination’ However, governments are also responsible for ensuring that safety standards are being met in a . ia aNWinig Te ‘at the that destination the “gestation” Hr-conctusion the role’of national-governments'is very important, and-the:most-cruciat job they have is to ensure that destinations remain very accessible, so can be reached by the maximum number of tourists and allow-a destination to remain succesful (6) [otal: 25] je uctes 2022 oarsyistoni2 [Turn overwww.dynamicpapers.com 8 4 Refer to Fig. 4.1 (Insert), a photograph of a museum, (a) State three services likely to be provided by museums, tours 2. sowvineers 3 interactive displays showcasing information (3) (b) State four actions museum staff should take when dealing with a complaint. 1 ..Do.not-argue.with.the.custamer, 2 ..Da.not.apologize directly. for the prablem, analagize for the inconvenience.. 3 ..Agtee. with. the, customer.to.a fait. conclusion. (4) (c) Explain three ways museums can provide for families with young children. 4 Day cares, where children can be dropped off while parents go through exhibits Family toilets, where mothers can breastfeed or change diapers for young chidlren g interactive games, and tours that target children (6) le uctEs 2022 oarsyistonniz2www.dynamicpapers.com 9 {d)_ Explain three reasons why good personal presentation is important for museum staff museum staff look more formal and approachable to customers that are confused or have any questions’ improves the image o the museum, if high standards are met by all staff (6) {e)_ Evaluate the role of museums in the travel and tourism industry. 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