Bachelor of Theology: Course Content

Introduction

The curriculum for the degree of Bachelor of Theology extends over a minimum of three academic
years of full-time study. Candidates who have completed cognate courses in another institution,
but have withdrawn from its degree programme, may be awarded credits (up to a maximum of
180) in respect of these courses. They may then be permitted to count these credits as part of the
overall requirements for the BTh Degree (360 credits).

The prescribed curriculum for the degree of Bachelor of Theology consists of 12 courses at 30
credits each. Compulsory courses include: Two courses in Old Testament (Old Testament 1 and 2);
two courses in New Testament (New Testament 1 and 2); two courses in Systematic Theology
(Systematic Theology 1 and 2); two courses in Practical Theology (Practical Theology 1 and 2); and
one course in Church History (Church History 1). In addition, those who are training for a full-time
teaching/preaching ministry are expected to take Elementary Greek and Elementary Hebrew, and
those who are to serve in Scotland are expected to take Church History 2 (Scottish Church history).
However, for those whose interests and focus is elsewhere, up to three electives (each at 30 credits
may be taken, all of which consist of self-directed, supervised courses at the requisite academic
level in any of the five departments (Old Testament, New Testament, Church History, Systematic
Theology and Practical Theology) as agreed by the Course Organiser and the appropriate External
Examiner.

Each course involves one academic year of full-time study and is worth 30 Credits. Courses are
normally divided into two modules, each lasting for one semester (15 weeks).
Elementary Greek (or an elective) is normally taken in Year One of the 3-year BTh (Year Two of the
Part-time BTh) and Elementary Hebrew (or an elective) in Year Two of the 3-year BTh (Year Four of
the Part-time BTh). Students who achieve the requisite standard in Elementary Hebrew are
strongly urged to proceed to Old Testament Language, Exegesis and Theology; and students who
achieve the requisite standard in Elementary Greek are strongly urged to proceed to New
Testament Language, Exegesis and Theology; but both departments offer alternative non-language
courses (Old Testament Studies and New Testament Studies respectively). Students who take these
non-language courses will be required to undertake additional work in English-based exegesis.
Details of this additional work are published annually in the departmental Course Handbooks.

The minimum requirements for the award of credits for a course are specified in the Course
Handbooks distributed to all students at the beginning of each academic year. The normal
requirements are:

 Regular attendance at all meetings of the class

 Satisfactory and punctual completion of all essays and other course work
 Taking all prescribed examinations, and achieving a satisfactory standard

All candidates will also be required to submit a 10,000 word dissertation. The subject of the
dissertation may be chosen from any one of the Seminary’s five departments.
Old Testament Language, Exegesis and Theology

External Examiner: Dr Jamie Grant

The curriculum in Old Testament extends over two academic sessions. It consists of two courses,
each worth 30 credits. Each course contains two modules, each occupying one semester:

OT 101 The Pentateuch

OT 102 The Historical Books
OT 201 Psalms and Wisdom Literature
OT 202 Prophecy

Additionally students may undertake study of the Hebrew language. This course lasts for two
semesters and is worth 30 credits. Ordinarily the Hebrew class is taken in the second year of study
(3-year BTh), and students wishing to pursue Hebrew further take Old Testament Language,
Exegesis and Theology 2 in the third year of their course (3-year BTh). Students not wishing further
formal language study would take Old Testament Studies 2.

Aims
Classes in this department seek to develop an understanding of the basic content of the Old
Testament, critical awareness of the methods of interpretation that have been developed over the
centuries to interpret the Old Testament, an ability to evaluate modern interpretative techniques
as applied to Scripture, the development of exegetic skills, and competency in assessing the
significance of the text in relation to the contemporary concerns of the Christian community and
the kerygmatic imperative facing the Church. At each stage the aim is to study the texts as viewed
against their cultural and historical background as well as in their canonical setting in relation to
Christian teaching and the historic faith of the Church.

Assessment
Student performance is assessed both on course work (essays) and on end of semester class
examinations.

Course Requirements
The requirements for a pass in a class are: regular attendance on class lectures; completion and
timeous submission of all course work; sitting both end of semester examinations; a Grade Point
Average of 9 (Grade D3) or higher over all forms of assessment.

Old Testament Studies 1

Level: 1 30
credits

Course Organiser and Lecturer: Rev Daniel Sladek

The course consists of two modules (OT101 and OT102), each of one semester’s duration.
In OT101 the Pentateuch is examined with respect to its literary form and structure, and particular
attention is paid to the textual basis for Christian teaching in themes such as creation, the fall,
covenant, Messianic hope, sacrifice and law.

Particular passages are assigned for exegetical study, and students are introduced to various
aspects of current Old Testament studies, e.g. ‚Is there a single integrating theme in the Old
Testament?‛

In OT102 the historical books are examined, with particular passages being assigned for
exegetical study. Attention is paid to the biblical view of history. Particular emphasis is given to
the literary aspects of Old Testament narratives as a key to understanding particular passages.
The principal aim is to determine the message of the various books.

Intended Outcomes
1. The student will show an increasing ability to engage in study and scholarly analysis
of the Old Testament using appropriate critical apparatus.
2. The student will develop an awareness of the ancient Near Eastern background of the
Pentateuch.
3. The student will be able to evaluate and interact with modern critical techniques.
4. The student will develop an awareness of the relevance of the Pentateuch to the
modern world and an ability to express its teaching in a current context.
5. The student will develop an awareness of the issues involved in interpreting Old
Testament history, and of the redemptive historical evaluation of Old Testament
history.

Class Hours
The class meets four hours a week throughout both semesters.

Assessment
There will be a 3 hour examination at the end of each semester. There will be four compulsory
questions, two involving exegesis of a passage studied in class, and two essay questions chosen
from a number of options.

Students are also required to submit an essay on an announced theme.

Elementary Hebrew

Level: 2 30 credits

Course Organiser and Lecturer: Rev Daniel Sladek

Entrance Qualification
Entry to this course requires a previous pass in Old Testament Studies 1.

Class Hours
The class meets four hours a week throughout both semesters.

There is a set text: John A. Cook and Robert D. Holmstedt, Beginning Biblical Hebrew: A Grammar
and Illustrated Reader (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2013).
Teaching Aims
The focus is on the structure of the language and on the acquisition of basic linguistic forms
(especially the verb) and of a core working vocabulary. Half the class time is taken up with
presentation of the material to be learned, and the other half with working through and discussing
various elementary exercises.

As time permits, in the second semester there will also be study of various prose passages from
the Old Testament.

Assessment
In each semester there will be four in-class tests focusing on acquisition of vocabulary and basic
grammatical forms. The average mark obtained in these tests constitutes 40% of the course mark
for the year. There will be an examination at the end of each semester, covering all work up to
date. These examinations contribute 60% to the overall mark for the course.

Old Testament Language, Exegesis and Theology 2

Old Testament Studies 2

Level: 3 30 credits

Course Organiser: Rev Daniel Sladek

Lecturer: Rev Will Traub

Students pursuing Hebrew studies further take Old Testament Language, Exegesis and Theology 2,
and those students who do not take Hebrew in their third year follow the Old Testament Studies 2
option. The main syllabus for these courses is the same.

Entrance Qualification
Entry to Old Testament Language, Exegesis and Theology 2 requires previous passes in Old
Testament Studies 1 and Hebrew. Entry to Old Testament Studies 2 requires a previous pass in Old
Testament Studies 1.

Class Hours
The class meets four hours a week throughout both semesters.

The core course consists of two modules (OT201 and OT202), each lasting for one semester.

OT201 begins with a general discussion of the location within the canon of the Hebrew Wisdom
Literature and Poetic Books, as well as the significance of that location. The module will continue
with a discussion of the character of Semitic Wisdom Literature and Hebrew Poetry. The following
books will then be discussed in varying degrees of detail: Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes,
Song of Songs, and Lamentations. Particular attention will be given to questions of date,
authorship, setting, purpose, critical issues and theological significance particular to each book.

In OT202 the development of prophecy is studied, including the theology of the prophets.
Particular attention is paid to the teaching of the major prophets: Isaiah, Jeremiah and Ezekiel.
Various passages are assigned for exegetical study particularly in the progress of Messianic
prophecy and its interpretation in the light of the New Testament.
Intended Outcomes

Poetic Books and Wisdom Literature of the OT

1. The student will develop an understanding of the nature and purpose of Biblical wisdom
in the context of the Old Testament Canon and its development in the New Testament
2. The student will develop an introductory understanding of the structures and function of
Hebrew poetry in the context of the Old Testament Canon.
3. The student will develop the ability to define and set out a conservative understanding of
the Canonical books of Wisdom Literature/Poetic Books and of appropriate hermeneutical
approaches to them.
4. The student will become aware of modern interpretative techniques for the Canonical
books of Wisdom Literature/Poetic Books, and be able to assess the validity of their
insights.
5. The student will develop an ability to exegete and expound the theological distinctives of
the Canonical books of Wisdom Literature/Poetic Books in their Old Testament context
and in the light of their New Testament fulfilment.

Prophecy
1. The student will develop an awareness of the terminology employed in Scripture
regarding prophets and prophecy as well as the place of calling, office, and the role of the
prophets in Scripture.
2. The student will develop an introductory understanding of the genre, message, themes,
and ways of interpreting the Canonical prophets.
3. The student will develop the ability to define and set out a conservative understanding of
the Canonical prophetic books.
4. The student will become aware of modern interpretative issues and techniques for the
Canonical prophetic books.
5. The student will develop an ability to exegete and expound the theological distinctives of
the Canonical books of prophecy in their Old Testament context and in the light of their
New Testament fulfilment.

Assessment
There will be a 3 hour examination at the end of each semester. There will be four compulsory
questions, two involving exegesis of a passage studied in class, and two essay questions chosen
from a number of options.

Students are also required to submit an essay on an announced theme.

New Testament Language, Exegesis and Theology

External Examiner: Dr Jamie Grant

The curriculum in New Testament extends over two academic sessions. It consists of two courses,
each worth 30 credits. Each course contains two modules, each occupying one semester:

New Testament Language, Exegesis and Theology 1/New Testament Studies 1

NT 101 Introduction to the Study of the New Testament/Theology of the Synoptic Gospels
NT 102 The Writings and Theology of John /The Early Church - the Writings of Luke-Acts

New Testament Language, Exegesis and Theology 2/New Testament Studies 2

NT 201 The Life, Letters and Teaching of Paul
NT 202 The Letter to the Hebrews/ The General Letters/ The Revelation

Additionally students may undertake study of the Greek language. This course lasts for two
semesters and is worth 30 credits. Ordinarily the Greek class is taken in the first year of study in
the 3-year BTh, over two semesters (GK 001, GK 002), and students wishing to pursue Greek further
take New Testament Language, Exegesis and Theology in the second (GK 100) and third years of
their course (GK 200).

Students not wishing further formal language study would take New Testament Studies 1 and 2,
which requires more exegesis based on the English text (NET 100, NET 200).

Course aim
To provide the Christian professional with an understanding of the content and significance of the
documents which make up the New Testament viewed against their cultural and historical setting
as well as in their canonical setting in relation to Christian teaching and the historic faith of the
Church.

Intended outcomes
Students should achieve:-
1. An understanding of the basic content of the New Testament.
2. Critical awareness of the methods of interpretation that have been developed over the
centuries.
3. Ability to evaluate modern interpretative critical techniques as applied to Scripture.
4. The development of exegetical skill.
5. Competency in assessing the significance of the text in relation to the contemporary
concerns of the Christian community and the missionary objectives laid upon the Church.

Method of the course

Lectures will be given on all the major topics of New Testament introduction and theology.

In addition, much emphasis will be given to exegesis of important passages, and considerable
time is devoted to class-room discussion where the students can contribute to the theological and
exegetical process.

Students are required to attend all meetings of the appropriate classes.

Class Hours
The class meets four hours a week throughout both semesters.

Assessment
Student performance is assessed both on course work (essays/language tests) and on end of
semester class examinations. Course work accounts for 50% of the assessment.

Course Requirements
The requirements for a pass in New Testament 1 and New Testament 2 are:
 Regular attendance on class lectures
 Completion and timeous submission of all course work
 Sitting both end of semester examinations
 A grade point average of 9 (Grade D3) or higher over all forms of assessment

Elementary Greek

Level :1
Credits 30

Course Organiser and Lecturer: Professor John A. MacLeod

The work of this department covers two main areas: the study of Biblical Greek and the study of
New Testament Exegesis and Theology. Nothing is more important to a Christian pastor or
evangelist than proficiency in the New Testament, and the study of New Testament Greek furthers
that goal.

Intended outcomes:
1. The Elementary Greek class aims to give students a knowledge of the basic vocabulary of
New Testament Greek and an introduction to its grammar and syntax.
2. Using an in-house production, supplemented by The Elements of New Testament Greek,
Jeremy Duff (CUP) students should be able to read and translate many parts of the New
Testament in Greek by the end of the first year.

Assessment
There will be a test in class each semester which will constitute 40% of the overall Elementary
Greek mark. There will also be an examination at the end of each semester which will constitute
60% of the overall Elementary Greek mark.

Class Hours
The class meets four hours a week throughout both semesters.

New Testament Language, Exegesis and Theology 1/New Testament

Studies 1

Level: 2
Credits: 30
Course Organiser and Lecturer: Professor John A. MacLeod
This course is compulsory for all candidates for the Degree of Bachelor of Theology. It is normally
taken in the second year of the programme of studies (3 year programme). This may be taken as a
course which includes further study of the Greek language (New Testament Language, Exegesis
and Theology 1) which requires a pass in Elementary Greek, or as a non-language course (New
Testament Studies 1).

Common to both of these are two modules (NT 101 and NT 102), each of one semester’s duration.

NT 101 Introduction to the Study of the New Testament/Theology of the Synoptic Gospels
NT 102 The Writings and Theology of John /The Early Church - the Writings of Luke-Acts

The first module, Introduction to the Study of the New Testament/Theology of the Synoptic Gospels,
begins with lectures on the political, social and religious background of the New Testament, the
formation of the New Testament Canon and the history of New Testament interpretation since the
Reformation. After an introduction to the Synoptic Gospels, the course proceeds to an interwoven
approach to the life, titles, miracles, parables and teaching of Jesus, focusing primarily on the
subject of the Kingdom of God.

The second module, The Writings and Theology of John /The Early Church - the Writings of Luke-Acts,
introduce the student more formally to the literary structures of John and Luke Acts. The lectures
on John’s Gospel introduce the book and its unique structure, exploring its teaching on God,
Christ, the Holy Spirit and Salvation. The writings of Luke-Acts provide even more insight on the
links between gospel and the early church and its mission.

GK 100. For those who are continuing the study of New Testament Greek (GK 100) an opportunity
is given to translate and exegete passages from all four Gospels and the book of Acts. Students
will also become familiar with the various lexical aids and computer programs designed to aid
study of biblical texts in Greek.

NET 100. Those who choose not to pursue their study of New Testament Greek will perform
additional exegetical assignments based on the English New Testament text (NET 100). They will,
however, be able to benefit fully from the class exegetical lectures which are all conducted on the
basis of the English text.

Intended Outcomes: NT 101

Students should achieve:-
1. An awareness of the political, social and religious environment in which the New
Testament was formed and compiled
2. An increasing ability to engage in the scholarly study of the New Testament making due
use of critical apparatus
3. Gain understanding to evaluate modern interpretative critical techniques applied to the
Synoptic Gospels
4. An awareness of the life and teaching of Jesus, in particular in relation to the Kingdom of
God, as presented in the Synoptic Gospels
5. Understanding of the importance of assessing the situations out of which the Synoptic
Gospels arose and the effect this has on the presentation of the life and teaching of Jesus
in the Synoptic Gospels

Intended Outcomes: NT 102

Students should achieve:-
1. An awareness of the importance of purpose and background in approaching books of the
New Testament
2. An appreciation of the importance of style and structure in Lucan and Johannine writings
in particular
3. Increased understanding of Johannine Christology and Soteriology
4. Familiarity with the political, social and religious environment which lies behind the
extension of the New Testament Church in the Book of Acts
5. An appreciation of the theological purpose that lies behind the Gospel of John and the
writings of Luke
6. Ability to assess the historicity and accuracy of the formation, organisation and extension
of the early Christian Church as presented by Luke
7. Increased awareness of the importance of assessing style, structure and narrative in the
study and exegesis of the New Testament

Class Hours
The class meets four hours a week throughout both semesters.

Assessment
Course work – 50%: Those doing the language course (GK 100) will sit a Greek test once per
semester, while those who are doing the non-language course (NET 100) will submit one
exegetical essay based on the English text. In addition, both language and non-language students
must submit a 2,000-word exegetical essay each semester.

Examination – 50%: There will be a 3 hour examination at the end of each semester.

New Testament Language, Exegesis and Theology 2/New Testament

Studies 2

Level: 3
Credits: 30

Course Organiser and Lecturer: Professor John A. MacLeod

This course is compulsory for all candidates for the Degree of Bachelor of Theology and the
Licentiate in Theology. It is normally taken in the third year of the Programme of Studies.
This may be taken as a course which includes further study of the Greek language (New Testament
Language, Exegesis and Theology 2) which requires a pass in GK 100, or as a non-language course
(New Testament Studies 2).

Common to both of these are two modules (NT 201 and NT 202), each of one semester’s duration.

NT 201 The Life, Letters and Teaching of Paul

NT 202 The Letter to the Hebrews/The General Letters/The Revelation

The first module, The Life, Letters and Teaching of Paul begins with an introduction to the
background to Paul’s letters, an examination of the significance of his conversion, and a
chronology of his ministry followed by an introduction to each of the letters ascribed to him in the
New Testament canon. The teaching of Paul on Scripture, the law and the Spirit are examined in
some depth.

The second module, The Letter to the Hebrews/The General Letters/The Revelation, will briefly
introduce the General Letters (James, 1 and 2 Peter, 1, 2, 3, John and Jude) but the focus of the
teaching and exegesis will be on Hebrews and the book of Revelation. This will enable the student
to appreciate the use of the Old Testament in the New (Hebrews) and how to interpret Christian
apocalyptic material (Revelation).

GK 200 For those who are continuing the study of New Testament Greek (GK 200) an opportunity
is given to translate and exegete passages from relevant sections of the letters of Paul, Hebrews
and Revelation. Students will also become increasingly competent with the various lexical aids
and computer programs designed to aid study of biblical texts in Greek.

NET 200 Those who choose not to pursue their study of New Testament Greek will perform
additional exegetical assignments based on the English New Testament text (NET 200). They will,
however, be able to benefit fully from the class exegetical lectures which are all conducted on the
basis of the English text.

Intended Outcomes: NT 201

Students should achieve:
1. An understanding of Paul within the ancient background of his own day as a Jew, a Roman
Citizen, a Christian and apostle;
2. Awareness of the controversy over authorship of some of the canonical Pauline letters;
3. An ability to ascertain the background behind the Letters of Paul and to make competent
use of modern scholarly tools in exegeting these letters;
4. Familiarity with various approaches to Pauline theology in post reformation scholarship
so as to be able to make an assessment of their validity;
5. An ability to ascertain, define and assess certain doctrines and ethics taught by Paul in the
Letters ascribed to him in the New Testament.

Intended Outcomes: NT 202

Students should achieve:
1. Further appreciation of the different styles of language and content within the New
Testament;
2. Understanding of the background of and the themes engaged with in the General Letters,
Hebrews and Revelation;
3. Awareness of the different uses made of the Old Testament by writers of the New
Testament, particularly with respect to Hebrews and Revelation;
4. Appreciation of the importance of genre and structure in interpretation of the Apocalypse.

Class Hours
The class meets four hours a week throughout both semesters.

Assessment:
Course work – 50%: Those doing the language course (GK 200) will sit a Greek test once per
semester, while those who are doing the non-language course (NET 200) will submit one
exegetical essay based on the English text. In addition, both language and non-language students
must submit a 2,000-word exegetical essay each semester.
Examination – 50%: there will also be a 3 hour examination at the end of each semester.
Elective Studies: The Use of the Old Testament in the New Testament

Level: 2 Credits:
30

Course Organiser: Professor John A. Macleod

External Examiner: Professor Jamie Grant

Overview
This elective module may be taken by students as an alternative to Elementary Hebrew or
Elementary Greek, and occupies one semester. Students who take this elective will have a clear
interest in exploring the ways in which the Old Testament is used in writings that constitute the
New Testament. The elective will allow scope for research and reflection with appropriate
supervision and support.

Rationale
This course introduces the student to various approaches which are presently employed in the
study of the uses of the Old Testament in the New Testament. This foundational topic concerns
the relationship between an Old Testament author’s meaning and the meaning of that same
passage when it is used by a New Testament author. The course will explore the reasons for using
Old Testament quotations, the manner in which they are used, and the implication of this practice
for members of the New Testament community. The issues explored will include the fulfilment of
prophecy, the way in which the Old Testament in general and the Psalms in particular have
shaped New Testament thinking on such topics as the person and work of Jesus Christ, the gospel
of Jesus Christ and its proclamation to the Gentiles, the nature of the Christian community as the
people of God, its approach to worship, and its relationship to the world and its eschatological
hopes.

Aims
To provide an introduction to the use of the Old Testament in the New Testament within the
context of hermeneutics, with reference to the Gospels the writings of Paul and Hebrews, and with
particular focus on the impact of the Old Testament on the New Testament understanding of the
person and work of Jesus Christ, the nature of the gospel message, the mission to the Gentiles,
and the worldview and worship of the New Testament people of God.

Intended Outcomes
Students should be able to:
1. gain an understanding of a key area in hermeneutics
2. develop an awareness of the different ways in which Old Testament texts may be used in
the New Testament
3. appreciate the importance of context in analysing texts in their Old Testament and New
Testament settings
4. assess the impact of the Old Testament text on the worldview of particular New
Testament authors like Matthew, John, Paul and the author of Hebrews.

Methodology
The course does not have a scheduled timetable. Students pursue an independent course of
guided reading and self-study, together with personal tutorial and discussion under the
supervision of the Course Organiser.
Assessment
Two essays will be required for assessment of this course, each 2,500 words in length. The topic
and title of the essays will be chosen in consultation with the Course Organiser. Each essay will be
weighted at 50%.

Course Requirements
The requirements for a Pass in The Use of the Old Testament in the New Testament are:

1. Engaging with set texts and online tutorials as directed by the course organiser
2. A Grade Point Average of 9 (Grade D3) or higher over all forms of assessment
Church History

External Examiner: Dr David Ceri Jones

The curriculum in Church History extends over two academic sessions. It consists of two courses,
each worth 30 credits. Each course contains two modules, each occupying one semester, as
follows:

Church History 1
CH 1.1: The Expansion of Christianity
CH 1.2: The Reformation

Church History 2
CH 2.1: Christianity in Scotland: John Knox to the Marrow Controversy
CH 2.2: Christianity in Scotland: Thomas Boston to the Present Day

Course Aims
The course aims to give a comprehensive overview of the worldwide expansion of Christianity with
particular emphasis on Europe; to furnish students with an understanding of the origins of
Protestantism and the ideas which inspired it; and to introduce them to the post-Reformation
history and thought of the Protestant Church in Scotland. It also aims to foster familiarity with the
resources available to the ecclesiastical historian and to develop skills in critical analysis, orderly
presentation and reasoned argument.

Method of the Course

Church History courses will consist of both lectures and seminars. For the latter, from time to time,
students will be expected to prepare and introduce short papers on prescribed subjects which will
then be used as the basis for seminar discussion.

Students are required to attend all meetings of the class each semester.

In the course of the lectures students will be directed to a range of relevant historical literature
with which they will be expected to give evidence of critical acquaintance.

Assessment
Assessment is based on both coursework (Essays) and end-of-semester Class Examinations.
Coursework accounts for 50% of the assessment. In both Essays and Class Examinations, students
will be expected to demonstrate knowledge of original sources, and of critical reading and
appraisal of secondary sources. Seminar-papers will not be formally graded.

Course Requirements
The requirements for a Pass in both Church History 1 and Church History 2 are:

 Regular attendance at class lectures

 Completion of all coursework
 Sitting both end-of-semester examinations
 A Grade Point Average of 9 (Grade D3) or higher over all forms of assessment
Church History 1

Level: 1
Credits: 30

Course Organiser and Lecturer: Professor Bob Akroyd

This course consists of two modules, each occupying one semester.

CH 1.1 The Expansion of Christianity

CH 1.2 The Reformation

The first module will give an overview of the worldwide expansion of Christianity over two
millennia. While there will be an emphasis on developments in Europe, the course recognises that
the history of Christianity is the history of a global religion.

The second module begins with a brief survey of the social and ecclesiastical condition of Europe
on the eve of the Reformation. It then looks at the origin and progress of the Reformation in
Germany, Switzerland, France, the Netherlands, and England, before looking in greater detail at
the course of the Reformation in Scotland.

Eligibility
The course is compulsory for all candidates for the degree of Bachelor of Theology and the
Licentiate in Theology. It is normally taken in the first year of the 3-year programme.

Class Hours
The class meets four hours a week throughout both semesters.

Assessment
There will be a three hour examination at the end of each semester. This will constitute 50% of the
assessment. Examination papers will offer a choice of three out of nine questions.

Students will also be required to submit a 2,000-word essay in each semester. This will account for
50% of the assessment.

Intended Outcomes

CH 1.1
Students are expected to achieve:
1. Understanding of the broad development of Christianity in both Europe and the world
as a whole.
2. Acquaintance with source documents and pertinent texts, enabling students to
develop further study in areas of particular interest.
3. Ability to think critically on the impact of current historical thinking and research.
4. Awareness of the importance of Christian missionary work past and present.
5. Awareness of the various strategies employed to effect the expansion of Christianity in
different areas of the world.
6. Understanding of the main theological traditions in global Christianity.
CH 1.2
Students are expected to achieve:
1. Insight into the religious, political, social and economic situation in Europe just prior
to the Reformation.
2. Appreciation of the impact of popular access to the scriptures.
3. Awareness of the strengths and weaknesses of the leaders of the Reformation.
4. Appreciation of the relation between the development of the Reformation and the
variations in the general political environment from country to country.
5. Understanding of the connection between the ideas of the Reformation and the faith,
life, order and worship of the church today.

Church History 2

Level: 2
Credits: 30

Course Organiser and Lecturer: Professor John R. McIntosh

This course traces the development of Christian (mainly Presbyterian) thought in Scotland from
the Reformation to the Twentieth Century, at the same time relating theological movements to
general ecclesiastical and social trends.
This course consists of two modules, each occupying one semester.

CH 2.1 Christianity in Scotland: John Knox to the Marrow Controversy

CH 2.2 Christianity in Scotland: Thomas Boston to the Present Day

Method of the Course

The overall method of the course is chronological, in which significant events and developments,
as well as individual thinkers are focussed on in their historical context. Lectures, followed by
discussion, will be the normal method of course-delivery. There will also be seminar discussion of
important primary documents.

Aims
The aim of the course is to introduce students to the church history and theological literature of
Presbyterian Scotland, to generate a sense of the flow and interaction of ideas and the
development of principles, and to promote skill in using the tools and resources available for the
study of Scottish church history and Scottish Christian thought.

Intended Outcomes
Students should achieve:
1. A basic grasp of the history of ideas in Scottish life and culture, particularly on theological
topics.
2. Familiarity with the contribution of individual theologians and with enduring Scottish
contributions on particular theological topics.
3. Awareness of theological progress, shifts and developments in the period under review.
4. Insight into the relation between the story of Scottish theology and the wider history of
the Scottish church.
 5. Acquaintance with the bibliographical and other resources relevant to continuing study of
Scottish church history and theology.
6. Ability to explain the historical background to current ecclesiastical life, faith, order and
worship.

Eligibility
This course is obligatory for all candidates for the degree of Bachelor of Theology and for the
Licentiate in Theology. Admission is conditional on securing a pass in Church History 1. It is
normally taken in the second year of the 3-year course or the fourth year of the 4-year course.

Class Hours
The class meets four hours a week throughout both semesters.

Assessment
There will be a three-hour examination at the end of each semester. This will constitute 50% of the
assessment. Examination papers will offer a choice of three out of nine questions.

Students will also be required to submit a 2,500-word essay in each semester. This will constitute
50% of the assessment.
Systematic Theology

External Examiner: Professor Paul Nimmo, University of Aberdeen

Systematic Theology 1 (Full-year Course)

Level: 2 Credits: 30

Systematic Theology 2 (Full-year Course)

Level: 3 Credits: 30

Course Overview
The curriculum in Systematic Theology extends over two academic years and covers all the major
doctrines of Christianity. Systematic Theology 1 would normally be taken in the second year of
the B.Th. programme while Systematic Theology 2 would be taken in the final year.

Course Aims
According to Professor John M Frame, ‚Systematic Theology is any study that answers the
question, ‘What does the whole Bible teach about any given topic?’‛ This course teaches the
foundational doctrines of the Christian faith so that students know what they believe and why
they believe it and what they do not believe and why they do not believe it. The course will be
didactic, polemical, dogmatic and apologetic in its tone and content.

Eligibility
Candidates for the B.Th. degree are required to take both Systematic Theology 1 and Systematic
Theology 2. The prerequisite for admission to Systematic Theology is a Pass in Practical Theology
1 (or permission of the course coordinator). Students cannot proceed to Systematic Theology 2
till they have secured a Pass in Systematic Theology 1.

Methodology
Lectures will focus on all major topics of Christian theology. Particular attention will be paid to
areas not adequately covered in standard text-books; to the historic dogmas of the Church
(enshrined in her Creeds and Confessions); and to doctrines which are matters of current debate
and controversy. Considerable time will be devoted to class-room discussion, in which all
students are expected to participate. Students will be expected to lead classroom discussion
analysing both primary materials and secondary sources.

Theological Standpoint
The course is conducted from the standpoint of personal commitment to the Westminster
Confession of Faith and it reflects and promotes the Calvinistic strand of the Reformation and the
Evangelical strand of Scottish Presbyterianism. Source material ranges from Patristic Theology
and the Ecumenical Creeds to the Marrowmen and the Disruption Fathers through to Old
Princeton and Systematic Theologians of the 21st century.

Course Requirements
The requirements for a Pass in Systematic Theology 1 and Systematic Theology 2 are:
 Regular attendance at class lectures
 Completion of all required course work
 Sitting both end-of-semester examinations
 A Grade Point Average of 9 (Grade D3) or higher over all forms of assessment
Assessment
Each semester, students will be required to submit an essay and sit a three-hour examination.
The essay grades and the examination grades will be weighted equally and will each account for
50% of the year assessment for each course in Systematic Theology.

Timetable
Systematic Theology 1 meets on Tuesdays and Wednesdays at 9.00 to 10.50 am in the Systematic
Theology Classroom (Room 23).
Systematic Theology 2 meets on Thursdays and Fridays at 9.00 to 10.50 am in the Systematic
Theology Classroom (Room 23).

Systematic Theology 1

Course Organiser and Lecturer: Professor Bob Akroyd

Systematic Theology 1 is comprised of two semester components:

Systematic Theology 1.1 God and His Word

Systematic Theology 1.2 The Triune God and His World

Systematic Theology 1.1 God and His Word

Rationale
‘Can God be known?’ Lectures will present the insistence of Reformed theology that God is known
through self-revelation. The course then proceeds to explore the idea of General Revelation as
expounded by Calvin. This leads in to reflection on Special Revelation and on the Reformed
doctrine of scripture, emphasising the role of scripture as a divine speech-act, exploring the ideas
of organic and plenary inspiration, and concluding with a survey of the attributes of scripture
(authority, perfection, perspicuity and finality).

‘What is God?’ (Quid est Deus?) ‘What like is God?’ (Qualis est Deus?). The second half of the
semester explores the Christian understanding of God through his self-disclosure in scripture. The
first question is approached via the significance of the names which God gives himself in scripture;
the second question via reflection on the divine attributes. Lectures deal with such topics as the
holiness, righteousness, grace (including common grace) and love of God. The final lectures
explore the significance of two current discourses: divine impassibility and divine
accommodation.

Aims
Understanding the doctrines of Scripture and God are absolutely foundation to all theological
study. Students will grow in their ability to communicate foundational theological truths fluently
and forthrightly. They will be able both to explain and defend their positions sensitively and yet
confidently.

Systematic Theology 1.2 The Triune God and His World

Rationale
What is the biblical basis for the doctrine of the trinity? Detailed attention is given to the deity of
Christ, and to the deity and personality of the Holy Spirit. This is followed by a survey of the
history of the doctrine of the trinity, before looking closely at such concepts as ‘person’, ‘eternal
sonship’, homoousios, perichoresis and the filioque clause.

This is followed by an examination of the doctrine of the divine decree as set forth in the
Westminster Confession, looking successively at cosmic predestination, election and preterition.

This leads into a discussion of the biblical doctrine of creation, exploring the challenges posed by
modern thought, but also assessing the extent to which the doctrine of creation is supported by
science and technology. After a brief study of the doctrine of providence the course concludes
with a study of biblical anthropology, relating the historic Christian understanding of human
nature to modern reflection and discovery, and examining such issues as gender, ‚man‛ and the
environment, the fall and original sin.

Aims
Students will gain an appreciation of the interface between theology and science and gain a
fluency to express areas of both harmony and divergence. Biblical anthropology is foundational to
the doctrine of salvation as well as Christian ethics. Students will gain a balanced understanding
of the nature and character of humanity. By the end of Systematic Theology 1, students will grow
in their confidence and competence to craft theological arguments verbally and in writing.

Systematic Theology 2

Course Organiser: Professor Bob Akroyd

Lecturer: Professor Donald Macleod

Systematic Theology 2 is comprised of two semester components:

Systematic Theology 2.1 Redemption Accomplished: Christology and Atonement
Systematic Theology 2.2 Redemption Applied: The Christian Experience of Salvation

Systematic Theology 2.1 Redemption Accomplished: Christology and Atonement

Rationale
‚The Word became Flesh.‛ What is the significance of His Virgin Birth and what does ‚yet without
sin‛ mean? What is the role of the Holy Spirit in the life of Christ? Considerable attention is
devoted to the key concepts of the Formula of Chalcedon, such as the hypostatic union, the
communion in attributes and the status of Mary as the theotokos. The implications of kenosis
(Philippians 2.7) are examined and the merits of the Kenotic Theory of the Incarnation critically
assessed. Modern challenges to orthodox Christology will be discussed and critiqued.

This is followed by reflection on the Christian doctrine of the atonement, beginning with the
historical narrative of the Passion of Christ and then proceeding to examine the biblical rationale
for this suffering. Attention is given to the impact of Christ’s sacrifice on sin, on God, on the
powers of darkness and on sinners. This includes an examination of the concepts of expiation,
propitiation, reconciliation, victory and redemption. Students are briefly introduced to the
discussions which have taken place with regard to the extent of the atonement, before looking,
finally, at the exaltation of Christ and His uniqueness.

Aims
Unless the person and work of Jesus Christ is properly understood, Christian theology becomes
untenable or inexplicable. Students will be able to present and defend the two natures of Christ
and define the Christian doctrine of salvation. Students will be aware of both ancient and modern
challenges to orthodox theology and will be able to critique with clarity.

Systematic Theology 2.2 Redemption Applied: The Christian Experience of Salvation

Rationale
Beginning with the divine initiative (effectual calling), the lectures proceed to examine the human
response (conversion, including both faith and repentance). This is followed by a survey of the
‚benefits‛ of the resulting union with Christ, including regeneration, justification, adoption,
baptism in the Spirit and sanctification. Attention is given to the New Perspective on Justification
and to such ideas as Definitive Sanctification. The course concludes with reflection on
eschatology, the Doctrine of the Future or the Last Things. Emphasis is given to the Christian
hope, including assurance, perseverance and glorification.

Aims
By the end of Systematic Theology 2, students should be able to articulate each of the seven major
theological doctrines and indicate how they fit together to form a coherent whole. Students will
be able to build each doctrine from scripture and defend each doctrine from error or
misrepresentation. Verbal and written skills will be developed and analytical and critical skills will
be practices to give students an overall ability to articulate, define, and defend the foundational
truths of Christian theology.
Practical Theology

Course Organiser: Professor Bob Akroyd

External Examiner: Professor Paul Nimmo, University of Aberdeen

Practical Theology 1 (Full-year Course)

Level: 1 Credits: 30

Practical Theology 2 (Full-year Course)

Level: 2 Credits: 30

Course Overview
Practical Theology 1 focuses on the character of a Christian and identifies three key areas. This
course will outline what is expected of a follower of Jesus Christ in terms of growing in maturity,
exercising leadership and caring for others.

Practical Theology 2 focuses on developing skills to apply biblical and theological truths in our
society. This will include the interface between Christian theology and secular philosophy as well
as between biblical standards and societal norms.

Course Aims
The three main objective of theological education are to convey knowledge, teach skills and
develop character. The Practical Theology syllabus seeks to apply theological knowledge in the
formation of Christian character and the acquisition of skills necessary for a wide variety of
Christian service and ministry.

Eligibility
Candidates for the B.Th. degree are required to take both Practical Theology 1 and Practical
Theology 2. Candidates may not proceed to Practical Theology 2 till they have secured a pass in
Practical Theology 1.

Methodology
The Practical Theology syllabus is delivered by part-time lecturers, all of whom are actively
engaged in some form of Christian ministry. The course-components will be delivered through a
combination of lectures, seminars, workshops and extra-mural visits. Specific reading will be
indicated for the various topics covered, and private reading of this literature is an essential part
of the course.

Course Requirements
The requirements for a Pass in Practical Theology 1 and Practical Theology 2 are:
 Regular attendance on class lectures and required practical placements
 Completion of all required course work
 A Grade Point Average of 9 (Grade D3) or higher over all forms of assessment

Assessments
Each half-semester component of Practical Theology 1 and 2 has an assessment. Assessments
take the form of either an essay on a set topic or a practical project with a reflective essay. The
word limits will reflect the level of the course. In each course, each of the four marks will be
weighted equally and the marks will be averaged to determine the student’s overall mark for
Practical Theology 1 or Practical Theology 2.

Timetable
Practical Theology 1 and Practical Theology 2 meet on Thursdays and Fridays from 11.10 am to
1.00 pm.

Practical Theology 1

This course consists of four half-semester components:

Practical Theology 1.1 Christian Character
Practical Theology 1.2 Christian Discipleship
Practical Theology 1.3 Christian Maturity & Leadership
Practical Theology 1.4 Christian Counselling & Caring

Practical Theology 1.1 Christian Character

Rationale
In any form of ministry or service, the formation of Christian character is absolutely foundational.
Students will be introduced to the scriptural foundations for the Christian life and will explore and
identify the content of Christian character and how this character finds expression in actions,
words and attitudes.

Aims
Students will be expected to identify key biblical truths concerning Christian character and to be
able to engage critically with their own theological heritage to better understand the principles
that govern conduct, behaviour and motivation.

Practical Theology 1.2 Christian Discipleship

Rationale
Jesus called his disciples to follow him and learn from him and to make disciples of all nations.
What is biblical discipleship? How are biblical imperatives to be understood and applied? These
and other questions will be addressed, analysed and assessed to further develop a Christian
mindset and Christian character.

Aims
Students will engage with scripture, the Westminster Confession of Faith as well as secondary
materials to identify what the primary demands of Christian discipleship. Students will be
expected to analyse and apply timeless truths in a contemporary context. Students will also be
expected to reflect critically (and constructively) on their own Christian heritage and tradition.

Practical Theology 1.3 Christian Maturity & Leadership

Rationale
Christians are commanded to grow in grace and in in the knowledge of Jesus Christ. Christian
leadership is defined in terms of service rather than status. Why have so many Christian leaders
failed to understand this biblical mandate? This module will identify good practice based on
biblical patterns and precept.
Aims
Students will be expected to identify and apply biblical principles with regard to Christian
maturity and leadership. They will also reflect critically on their own presuppositions and
attitudes in order to better model Christian leadership that places priority on service, sacrifice and
integrity.

Practical Theology 1.4 Christian Counselling & Caring

Rationale
Jesus summarised God’s law of God into two commands: love God and love your neighbour. The
Christian not only cultivates a strong and growing relationship with God, but also recognises their
responsibilities to their neighbour especially the neighbour in need. People, whose lives are
broken by sin, sorrow and suffering are in desperate need of help, healing and hope.

Aims
Through studying the Bible, relevant secondary material and contemporary case studies, students
will be equipped to better respond appropriately to people in distress, regardless of their
background or the nature of their trial. Students will be taught the basic biblical principles which
undergird, Christian counselling in particular and pastoral care in general. Students will be
expected to identify difficulties, consider appropriate responses and develop an attitude
characterised by compassion, care and concern.

Practical Theology 2

Course Organiser: Professor Bob Akroyd

This course consists of the following four half-semester components:

Practical Theology 2.1 Ethics: Engaging with Contemporary Issues
Practical Theology 2.2 Apologetics: Engaging foes and defending the faith
Practical Theology 2.3 World Religions & Worldviews: Engaging other traditions
Practical Theology 2.4 Evangelism & Mission: Engaging the people of the world

Overall Assessment
Each component of Practical Theology 2 will have an assessment and these assessments will be
weighted equally. Assessments will take the form of either an essay of 2,500 words on a set topic
or a practical project with a reflective essay of no more than 1,000 words. The combined marks of
each component will be averaged to determine the student’s overall mark for Practical Theology
2.

Practical Theology 2.1 Ethics: Engaging with Contemporary Issues

Rationale
Christian ethics is based on the character and will of God as revealed in the Bible and especially in
the person of Jesus Christ. It is therefore both prescriptive and personal and applies to both the
individual and the community. Those involved in Christian ministry should be able to understand
modern ethical problems and articulate an informed Christian response in preaching and in
pastoral situations.

Aims
The course focuses on applying Biblical principles to a range of contemporary ethical issues, in
light of the historical ethical teaching of the church and in critical interaction with modern secular
views. Students are expected to be able to identify ethical issues, explore and expound the Biblical
basis for Christian ethics, and to promote an informed application of biblical teaching in
contemporary settings along with critical interaction with secular views.

Practical Theology 2.2 Apologetics: Engaging foes and defending the faith

Rationale:
The course is based on the understanding that it is possible to make a rational defence of the
Christian faith, using Biblical and other data. This is set in the context of the history of apologetics,
some aspects of the history of Western thought and the contributions of contemporary Christian
apologists such as C.S. Lewis, Francis Schaeffer, Hans Rookmaaker and Tim Keller.

Aims:
To provide a general introduction to contemporary Christian apologetics, with appropriate
biblical and historical background, and to enable students to formulate their own apologetic to
the changing demands of contemporary culture and society.

Practical Theology 2.3 World Religions & Worldviews: Engaging other traditions

Rationale
In order to be able to proclaim the gospel we need to engage with what John Stott calls 'double
listening', listening to the Word of God, and listening to the voices of those we are seeking to
reach. Every person has a 'world view' which informs their perceptions and their listening. This
course will introduce some of the main worldviews in contemporary society.
In a multi-faith society and in a pluralist world it is necessary for students to understand other
religions and especially to be able to engage intelligently and sympathetically with members of
other faith communities such as Buddhism and Islam.

Aims
The course aims to provide an introduction to the study of the origins, historical development,
beliefs and practices of Buddhism and Islam; to equip students to engage intelligently and
sympathetically with Muslims and Buddhists; to stimulate reflection on some theological,
apologetic and missiological issues arising from dialogue with adherents of non-Christian
religions; and to give experience of personal encounters with representatives of non-Christian
religions.
Students will be given a basic introduction to some major worldviews that are present in society
today. Students will be equipped both to understand and engage with these viewpoints
sensitively and apologetically.

Practical Theology 2.4 Evangelism & Mission: Engaging the people of the world

Rationale
The church is a new community created by God to extend his kingdom in this world through
mission and evangelism. Students are encouraged to place mission at the heart of church life and
of their own Christian ministry and to be able to offer effective leadership in this sphere.
Aims
This course will give students an understanding of mission that is rooted in Scripture,
theologically informed, and historically aware. Students will also again an insight into missionary
strategies within the contemporary church in a variety of contexts. The local church is the primary
locus for mission and evangelism and will seek to provide students with the skills to analyse the
functioning of different churches in this light.
Elective Studies in Practical Theology

Course Organiser: Professor Bob Akroyd

External Examiner: Professor Paul Nimmo, University of Aberdeen

Studies in Practical Theology (Semester Course)

Level: 1 or 2 Credits: 15

Continuing Studies in Practical Theology (Semester Course)

Level: 1 or 2 Credits: 15

Christian Spirituality (Semester Course)

Level: 1 or 2 Credits: 15

World Religions (Semester Course)

Level: 1 or 2 Credits: 15

Course Overview
Electives are offered within the Practical theology department to students to enable them to
pursue more specialised areas of study which are not expressly or fully offered in the ordinary
curriculum. Elective studies may appeal to students who wish to pursue areas of self-study or
wish to engage in more practice-based learning opportunities.

Course Aims
Electives are designed to develop and foster skills related to practical ministry and to enable
students to explore research opportunities in areas of personal or professional interest. Learning
takes place in the context of either practical placement or through self- study, tutorials and guided
reading. Students would be expected to grow in either their competency to practice various forms
of ministry or in their level or personal knowledge and ability to conduct more independent study
and research.

Eligibility
While the policy of the Senate is that all those entering into a full-time teaching ministry should
complete Elementary Hebrew or Elementary Greek, not everyone is able to complete these
courses. Elective modules listed above may be taken by students as an alternative to Elementary
Hebrew or Elementary Greek. The prerequisite for admission to Elective Studies is a Pass in
Practical Theology 1 or permission of the course organiser.

Methodology
Elective courses do not have a scheduled timetable and can be taken in any sequence. Students
pursue an independent course which may include guided reading, one to one tutorials, self-study
and practical placements. These electives will be delivered through a variety of media including
personal tutorials, online modules, discussions, interaction with placement supervisor and in
practical placement.

Course Requirements
The requirements for a Pass in Elective Studies in Pastoral Theology are:
 Regular attendance at tutorials and discussions with course organiser
  Completion of all required course work
 Completion of all required hours of practical placement and a satisfactory evaluation by
the practical placement supervisor (if appropriate)
 A Grade Point Average of 9 (Grade D3) or higher over all forms of assessment

Assessments
Given the individual nature of elective studies, assessments vary according with each elective
course. Forms of assessment may include research essays, reflective essays, formal presentations
and practical placements all of which are graded by either the course organiser or placement
supervisor (as appropriate).

Timetable
There is no formal timetable for Elective Studies. Tutorials will be arranged by course organiser.

Studies in Practical Theology

Continuing Studies in Practical Theology

Rationale
Students who select one or both of these electives will have a clear interest in an area in practical
ministry. These electives will allow scope for research, practice and reflection with appropriate
supervision and support. Acquiring knowledge and learning skills will be equally weighted in
these courses.
Students who successfully complete Studies in Practical Theology can, if they wish, then take
Continuing Studies in Practical Theology which can build upon the subject matter of the first
elective or allow the student to explore another area of interest.

Aims
Students will learn by studying and by doing. Areas of individual interest can be explored,
developed, observed and practiced. Reflective practice, regular supervision and guided self-study
will help prepare students for future service or ministry.

Christian Spirituality

Rationale
This elective course explores the relation between spirituality in general and specifically Christian
discipleship, before proceeding to explore key themes in Christian spirituality. This is followed by
reflection on the cultivation of the spiritual life. The module concludes with a consideration of the
crises which may beset Christian spirituality and how to respond pastorally to these issues.

Aims
This course introduces students to a variety of Christian approaches to cultivating the spiritual life
and enables them to reflect rigorously but reverently on key elements in Christian devotion and
practice. Students will have the opportunity to engage with seminal Christian writers and thinkers
such as Augustine, Bonhoeffer, Calvin, Kuyper, C S Lewis, Schaeffer, and Warfield.
World Religions

Rationale
This elective course is designed to give students the opportunity to explore some of the major
world religions in greater depth according to their own areas of personal interest. Students can
explore religious practice, theology, ethics, worship through guided reading, tutorials and if
possible through direct engagement with religious leaders and members of their community.

Aims
This course enables students to understand the history, scriptures, beliefs, practices, worldviews
and cultures of some major world religions and to explore how these religions are responding to
modernity, secularisation and new religious movements, as well as their interface with
Christianity.

Appendix 1: Additional Optional Courses

In addition to the Bachelor of Theology Programme, students may also opt into other additional
courses which can provide valuable preparation depending on their future vocation. These
courses are not validated by the University of Glasgow.

This session, the following courses are offered:

Diploma in Christian Ministry and Theology

Diploma in Christian Youth Work

For further information, please see the Student Handbook for Non-Validated Courses.